altos: Missing parens and some bad arithmetic in the kalman code
[fw/altos] / src / ao_flight.c
index 843865e8f83d82188f2c3bdf63cb9254c87a494b..39325a69713f86116850a2314f2bcb6e20b7de4b 100644 (file)
 __pdata enum ao_flight_state   ao_flight_state;        /* current flight state */
 __pdata uint16_t               ao_flight_tick;         /* time of last data */
 __pdata uint16_t               ao_flight_prev_tick;    /* time of previous data */
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_flight_pres;         /* filtered pressure */
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_ground_pres;         /* startup pressure */
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_min_pres;            /* minimum recorded pressure */
+__xdata int16_t                        ao_ground_pres;         /* startup pressure */
 __pdata uint16_t               ao_launch_tick;         /* time of launch detect */
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_main_pres;           /* pressure to eject main */
 #if HAS_ACCEL
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_flight_accel;        /* filtered acceleration */
 __pdata int16_t                        ao_ground_accel;        /* startup acceleration */
 #endif
 
@@ -51,16 +47,8 @@ __pdata int16_t                      ao_ground_accel;        /* startup acceleration */
  * resting
  */
 __pdata uint16_t               ao_interval_end;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_cur_min_pres;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_cur_max_pres;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_min_pres;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_max_pres;
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_cur_min_accel;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_cur_max_accel;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_min_accel;
-__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_max_accel;
-#endif
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_min_height;
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_interval_max_height;
 
 __data uint8_t ao_flight_adc;
 __pdata int16_t ao_raw_pres;
@@ -92,15 +80,8 @@ __pdata int16_t ao_accel_2g;
  */
 
 #define GRAVITY 9.80665
-/* convert m/s to velocity count */
-#define VEL_MPS_TO_COUNT(mps) (((int32_t) (((mps) / GRAVITY) * (AO_HERTZ/2))) * (int32_t) ao_accel_2g)
 
 #define ACCEL_NOSE_UP  (ao_accel_2g >> 2)
-#define ACCEL_BOOST    ao_accel_2g
-#define ACCEL_COAST    (ao_accel_2g >> 3)
-#define ACCEL_INT_LAND (ao_accel_2g >> 3)
-#define ACCEL_VEL_MACH VEL_MPS_TO_COUNT(200)
-#define ACCEL_VEL_BOOST        VEL_MPS_TO_COUNT(5)
 
 #endif
 
@@ -123,35 +104,234 @@ __pdata int16_t ao_accel_2g;
  * 27 mV/kPa * 32767 / 3300 counts/mV = 268.1 counts/kPa
  */
 
-#define BARO_kPa       268
-#define BARO_LAUNCH    (BARO_kPa / 5)  /* .2kPa, or about 20m */
-#define BARO_APOGEE    (BARO_kPa / 10) /* .1kPa, or about 10m */
-#define BARO_COAST     (BARO_kPa * 5)  /* 5kpa, or about 500m */
-#define BARO_MAIN      (BARO_kPa)      /* 1kPa, or about 100m */
-#define BARO_INT_LAND  (BARO_kPa / 20) /* .05kPa, or about 5m */
-#define BARO_LAND      (BARO_kPa * 10) /* 10kPa or about 1000m */
-
 /* We also have a clock, which can be used to sanity check things in
  * case of other failures
  */
 
 #define BOOST_TICKS_MAX        AO_SEC_TO_TICKS(15)
 
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-/* This value is scaled in a weird way. It's a running total of accelerometer
- * readings minus the ground accelerometer reading. That means it measures
- * velocity, and quite accurately too. As it gets updated 100 times a second,
- * it's scaled by 100
+#define to_fix16(x) ((int16_t) ((x) * 65536.0 + 0.5))
+#define to_fix32(x) ((int32_t) ((x) * 65536.0 + 0.5))
+#define from_fix(x)    ((x) >> 16)
+
+#include "ao_kalman.h"
+
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_ground_height;
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_height;
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_speed;
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_accel;
+__pdata int16_t                        ao_max_height;
+
+static __pdata int32_t         ao_k_height;
+static __pdata int32_t         ao_k_speed;
+static __pdata int32_t         ao_k_accel;
+
+#define AO_K_STEP_100          to_fix16(0.01)
+#define AO_K_STEP_2_2_100      to_fix16(0.00005)
+
+#define AO_K_STEP_10           to_fix16(0.1)
+#define AO_K_STEP_2_2_10       to_fix16(0.005)
+
+/*
+ * Above this height, the baro sensor doesn't work
  */
-__pdata int32_t        ao_flight_vel;
-__pdata int32_t ao_min_vel;
-__pdata int32_t        ao_old_vel;
-__pdata int16_t ao_old_vel_tick;
-__xdata int32_t ao_raw_accel_sum;
+#define AO_MAX_BARO_HEIGHT     12000
+
+/*
+ * Above this speed, baro measurements are unreliable
+ */
+#define AO_MAX_BARO_SPEED      200
+
+static void
+ao_kalman_predict(void)
+{
+#ifdef AO_FLIGHT_TEST
+       if (ao_flight_tick - ao_flight_prev_tick > 5) {
+               ao_k_height += ((int32_t) ao_speed * AO_K_STEP_10 +
+                               (int32_t) ao_accel * AO_K_STEP_2_2_10) >> 4;
+               ao_k_speed += (int32_t) ao_accel * AO_K_STEP_10;
+
+               return;
+       }
+       if (ao_flight_debug) {
+               printf ("predict speed %g + (%g * %g) = %g\n",
+                       ao_k_speed / (65536.0 * 16.0), ao_accel / 16.0, AO_K_STEP_100 / 65536.0,
+                       (ao_k_speed + (int32_t) ao_accel * AO_K_STEP_100) / (65536.0 * 16.0));
+       }
 #endif
+       ao_k_height += ((int32_t) ao_speed * AO_K_STEP_100 +
+                       (int32_t) ao_accel * AO_K_STEP_2_2_100) >> 4;
+       ao_k_speed += (int32_t) ao_accel * AO_K_STEP_100;
+}
+
+static __pdata int16_t ao_error_h;
+static __pdata int16_t ao_raw_alt;
+static __pdata int16_t ao_raw_height;
+static __pdata int16_t ao_error_h_sq_avg;
+
+static void
+ao_kalman_err_height(void)
+{
+       int16_t e;
+       int16_t height_distrust;
+#if HAS_ACCEL
+       int16_t speed_distrust;
+#endif
+
+       ao_error_h = ao_raw_height - (int16_t) (ao_k_height >> 16);
+
+       e = ao_error_h;
+       if (e < 0)
+               e = -e;
+       if (e > 127)
+               e = 127;
+#if HAS_ACCEL
+       ao_error_h_sq_avg -= ao_error_h_sq_avg >> 2;
+       ao_error_h_sq_avg += (e * e) >> 2;
+#else
+       ao_error_h_sq_avg -= ao_error_h_sq_avg >> 4;
+       ao_error_h_sq_avg += (e * e) >> 4;
+#endif
+
+       height_distrust = ao_raw_height - AO_MAX_BARO_HEIGHT;
+#if HAS_ACCEL
+       /* speed is stored * 16, but we need to ramp between 200 and 328, so
+        * we want to multiply by 2. The result is a shift by 3.
+        */
+       speed_distrust = (ao_speed - AO_MS_TO_SPEED(AO_MAX_BARO_SPEED)) >> (4 - 1);
+       if (speed_distrust <= 0)
+               speed_distrust = 0;
+       else if (speed_distrust > height_distrust)
+               height_distrust = speed_distrust;
+#endif
+       if (height_distrust <= 0)
+               height_distrust = 0;
+
+       if (height_distrust) {
+#ifdef AO_FLIGHT_TEST
+               int     old_ao_error_h = ao_error_h;
+#endif
+               if (height_distrust > 0x100)
+                       height_distrust = 0x100;
+               ao_error_h = (int16_t) (((int32_t) ao_error_h * (0x100 - height_distrust)) >> 8);
+#ifdef AO_FLIGHT_TEST
+               if (ao_flight_debug) {
+                       printf("over height %g over speed %g distrust: %g height: error %d -> %d\n",
+                              (double) (ao_raw_height - AO_MAX_BARO_HEIGHT),
+                              (ao_speed - AO_MS_TO_SPEED(AO_MAX_BARO_SPEED)) / 16.0,
+                              height_distrust / 256.0,
+                              old_ao_error_h, ao_error_h);
+               }
+#endif
+       }
+}
+
+static void
+ao_kalman_correct_baro(void)
+{
+       ao_kalman_err_height();
+#ifdef AO_FLIGHT_TEST
+       if (ao_flight_tick - ao_flight_prev_tick > 5) {
+               ao_k_height += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K0_10 * ao_error_h;
+               ao_k_speed  += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K1_10 * ao_error_h;
+               ao_k_accel  += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K2_10 * ao_error_h;
+               return;
+       }
+#endif
+       ao_k_height += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K0_100 * ao_error_h;
+       ao_k_speed  += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K1_100 * ao_error_h;
+       ao_k_accel  += (int32_t) AO_BARO_K2_100 * ao_error_h;
+}
+
+#if HAS_ACCEL
+static __pdata int16_t ao_error_a;
+static __pdata int32_t ao_accel_scale;
+
+static void
+ao_kalman_err_accel(void)
+{
+       int32_t accel;
+
+       accel = (ao_ground_accel - ao_raw_accel) * ao_accel_scale;
+
+       /* Can't use ao_accel here as it is the pre-prediction value still */
+       ao_error_a = (accel - ao_k_accel) >> 16;
+}
+
+static void
+ao_kalman_correct_both(void)
+{
+       ao_kalman_err_height();
+       ao_kalman_err_accel();
+
+#ifdef AO_FLIGHT_TEST
+       if (ao_flight_tick - ao_flight_prev_tick > 5) {
+               if (ao_flight_debug) {
+                       printf ("correct speed %g + (%g * %g) + (%g * %g) = %g\n",
+                               ao_k_speed / (65536.0 * 16.0),
+                               (double) ao_error_h, AO_BOTH_K10_10 / 65536.0,
+                               (double) ao_error_a, AO_BOTH_K11_10 / 65536.0,
+                               (ao_k_speed +
+                                (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K10_10 * ao_error_h +
+                                (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K11_10 * ao_error_a) / (65536.0 * 16.0));
+               }
+               ao_k_height +=
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K00_10 * ao_error_h +
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K01_10 * ao_error_a;
+               ao_k_speed +=
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K10_10 * ao_error_h +
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K11_10 * ao_error_a;
+               ao_k_accel +=
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K20_10 * ao_error_h +
+                       (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K21_10 * ao_error_a;
+               return;
+       }
+       if (ao_flight_debug) {
+               printf ("correct speed %g + (%g * %g) + (%g * %g) = %g\n",
+                       ao_k_speed / (65536.0 * 16.0),
+                       (double) ao_error_h, AO_BOTH_K10_100 / 65536.0,
+                       (double) ao_error_a, AO_BOTH_K11_100 / 65536.0,
+                       (ao_k_speed +
+                        (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K10_100 * ao_error_h +
+                        (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K11_100 * ao_error_a) / (65536.0 * 16.0));
+       }
+#endif
+       ao_k_height +=
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K00_100 * ao_error_h +
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K01_100 * ao_error_a;
+       ao_k_speed +=
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K10_100 * ao_error_h +
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K11_100 * ao_error_a;
+       ao_k_accel +=
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K20_100 * ao_error_h +
+               (int32_t) AO_BOTH_K21_100 * ao_error_a;
+}
+
+#ifdef FORCE_ACCEL
+static void
+ao_kalman_correct_accel(void)
+{
+       ao_kalman_err_accel();
+
+       if (ao_flight_tick - ao_flight_prev_tick > 5) {
+               ao_k_height +=(int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K0_10 * ao_error_a;
+               ao_k_speed  += (int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K1_10 * ao_error_a;
+               ao_k_accel  += (int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K2_10 * ao_error_a;
+               return;
+       }
+       ao_k_height += (int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K0_100 * ao_error_a;
+       ao_k_speed  += (int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K1_100 * ao_error_a;
+       ao_k_accel  += (int32_t) AO_ACCEL_K2_100 * ao_error_a;
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* HAS_ACCEL */
 
 __xdata int32_t ao_raw_pres_sum;
 
+#ifdef HAS_ACCEL
+__xdata int32_t ao_raw_accel_sum;
+#endif
+
 /* Landing is detected by getting constant readings from both pressure and accelerometer
  * for a fairly long time (AO_INTERVAL_TICKS)
  */
@@ -175,10 +355,6 @@ ao_flight(void)
                ao_wakeup(DATA_TO_XDATA(&ao_flight_adc));
                ao_sleep(DATA_TO_XDATA(&ao_adc_head));
                while (ao_flight_adc != ao_adc_head) {
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                       __pdata uint8_t ticks;
-                       __pdata int16_t ao_vel_change;
-#endif
                        __xdata struct ao_adc *ao_adc;
                        ao_flight_prev_tick = ao_flight_tick;
 
@@ -186,9 +362,8 @@ ao_flight(void)
                        ao_adc = &ao_adc_ring[ao_flight_adc];
                        ao_flight_tick = ao_adc->tick;
                        ao_raw_pres = ao_adc->pres;
-                       ao_flight_pres -= ao_flight_pres >> 4;
-                       ao_flight_pres += ao_raw_pres >> 4;
-
+                       ao_raw_alt = ao_pres_to_altitude(ao_raw_pres);
+                       ao_raw_height = ao_raw_alt - ao_ground_height;
 #if HAS_ACCEL
                        ao_raw_accel = ao_adc->accel;
 #if HAS_ACCEL_REF
@@ -275,41 +450,28 @@ ao_flight(void)
                        ao_raw_accel = (uint16_t) ((((uint32_t) ao_raw_accel << 16) / (ao_accel_ref[ao_flight_adc] << 1))) >> 1;
                        ao_adc->accel = ao_raw_accel;
 #endif
-
-                       ao_flight_accel -= ao_flight_accel >> 4;
-                       ao_flight_accel += ao_raw_accel >> 4;
-                       /* Update velocity
-                        *
-                        * The accelerometer is mounted so that
-                        * acceleration yields negative values
-                        * while deceleration yields positive values,
-                        * so subtract instead of add.
-                        */
-                       ticks = ao_flight_tick - ao_flight_prev_tick;
-                       ao_vel_change = ao_ground_accel - (((ao_raw_accel + 1) >> 1) + ((ao_raw_accel_prev + 1) >> 1));
-                       ao_raw_accel_prev = ao_raw_accel;
-
-                       /* one is a common interval */
-                       if (ticks == 1)
-                               ao_flight_vel += (int32_t) ao_vel_change;
-                       else
-                               ao_flight_vel += (int32_t) ao_vel_change * (int32_t) ticks;
 #endif
 
-                       ao_flight_adc = ao_adc_ring_next(ao_flight_adc);
-               }
-
-               if (ao_flight_pres < ao_min_pres)
-                       ao_min_pres = ao_flight_pres;
+                       if (ao_flight_state > ao_flight_idle) {
+                               ao_kalman_predict();
 #if HAS_ACCEL
-               if (ao_flight_vel >= 0) {
-                       if (ao_flight_vel < ao_min_vel)
-                           ao_min_vel = ao_flight_vel;
-               } else {
-                       if (-ao_flight_vel < ao_min_vel)
-                           ao_min_vel = -ao_flight_vel;
-               }
+                               if (ao_flight_state <= ao_flight_coast) {
+#ifdef FORCE_ACCEL
+                                       ao_kalman_correct_accel();
+#else
+                                       ao_kalman_correct_both();
+#endif
+                               } else
 #endif
+                                       ao_kalman_correct_baro();
+                               ao_height = from_fix(ao_k_height);
+                               ao_speed = from_fix(ao_k_speed);
+                               ao_accel = from_fix(ao_k_accel);
+                               if (ao_height > ao_max_height)
+                                       ao_max_height = ao_height;
+                       }
+                       ao_flight_adc = ao_adc_ring_next(ao_flight_adc);
+               }
 
                switch (ao_flight_state) {
                case ao_flight_startup:
@@ -327,59 +489,51 @@ ao_flight(void)
                                ++nsamples;
                                continue;
                        }
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                       ao_ground_accel = ao_raw_accel_sum >> 9;
-#endif
-                       ao_ground_pres = ao_raw_pres_sum >> 9;
-                       ao_min_pres = ao_ground_pres;
                        ao_config_get();
-                       ao_main_pres = ao_altitude_to_pres(ao_pres_to_altitude(ao_ground_pres) + ao_config.main_deploy);
 #if HAS_ACCEL
+                       ao_ground_accel = ao_raw_accel_sum >> 9;
                        ao_accel_2g = ao_config.accel_minus_g - ao_config.accel_plus_g;
-                       ao_flight_vel = 0;
-                       ao_min_vel = 0;
-                       ao_old_vel = ao_flight_vel;
-                       ao_old_vel_tick = ao_flight_tick;
+                       ao_accel_scale = to_fix32(GRAVITY * 2 * 16) / ao_accel_2g;
 #endif
+                       ao_ground_pres = ao_raw_pres_sum >> 9;
+                       ao_ground_height = ao_pres_to_altitude(ao_ground_pres);
 
                        /* Check to see what mode we should go to.
                         *  - Invalid mode if accel cal appears to be out
                         *  - pad mode if we're upright,
                         *  - idle mode otherwise
                         */
-                       ao_config_get();
 #if HAS_ACCEL
                        if (ao_config.accel_plus_g == 0 ||
                            ao_config.accel_minus_g == 0 ||
-                           ao_flight_accel < ao_config.accel_plus_g - ACCEL_NOSE_UP ||
-                           ao_flight_accel > ao_config.accel_minus_g + ACCEL_NOSE_UP)
+                           ao_ground_accel < ao_config.accel_plus_g - ACCEL_NOSE_UP ||
+                           ao_ground_accel > ao_config.accel_minus_g + ACCEL_NOSE_UP)
                        {
                                /* Detected an accel value outside -1.5g to 1.5g
                                 * (or uncalibrated values), so we go into invalid mode
                                 */
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_invalid;
-                               /* Allow packet mode in invalid flight state,
-                                * Still need to be able to fix the problem!
-                                */
-                               ao_packet_slave_start();
 
                        } else
 #endif
                                if (!ao_flight_force_idle
 #if HAS_ACCEL
-                                   && ao_flight_accel < ao_config.accel_plus_g + ACCEL_NOSE_UP
+                                   && ao_ground_accel < ao_config.accel_plus_g + ACCEL_NOSE_UP
 #endif
                                        )
                        {
                                /* Set pad mode - we can fly! */
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_pad;
-
 #if HAS_USB
                                /* Disable the USB controller in flight mode
                                 * to save power
                                 */
                                ao_usb_disable();
 #endif
+
+                               /* Disable packet mode in pad state */
+                               ao_packet_slave_stop();
+
                                /* Turn on telemetry system */
                                ao_rdf_set(1);
                                ao_telemetry_set_interval(AO_TELEMETRY_INTERVAL_PAD);
@@ -390,9 +544,6 @@ ao_flight(void)
                                /* Set idle mode */
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_idle;
  
-                               /* Turn on packet system in idle mode */
-                               ao_packet_slave_start();
-
                                /* signal successful initialization by turning off the LED */
                                ao_led_off(AO_LED_RED);
                        }
@@ -402,40 +553,27 @@ ao_flight(void)
                        break;
                case ao_flight_pad:
 
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                       /* Trim velocity
-                        *
-                        * Once a second, remove any velocity from
-                        * a second ago
-                        */
-                       if ((int16_t) (ao_flight_tick - ao_old_vel_tick) >= AO_SEC_TO_TICKS(1)) {
-                               ao_old_vel_tick = ao_flight_tick;
-                               ao_flight_vel -= ao_old_vel;
-                               ao_old_vel = ao_flight_vel;
-                       }
-#endif
                        /* pad to boost:
                         *
-                        * accelerometer: > 2g AND velocity > 5m/s
-                        *             OR
                         * barometer: > 20m vertical motion
+                        *             OR
+                        * accelerometer: > 2g AND velocity > 5m/s
                         *
                         * The accelerometer should always detect motion before
                         * the barometer, but we use both to make sure this
-                        * transition is detected
+                        * transition is detected. If the device
+                        * doesn't have an accelerometer, then ignore the
+                        * speed and acceleration as they are quite noisy
+                        * on the pad.
                         */
-                       if (
+                       if (ao_height > AO_M_TO_HEIGHT(20)
 #if HAS_ACCEL
-                               (ao_flight_accel < ao_ground_accel - ACCEL_BOOST &&
-                                ao_flight_vel > ACCEL_VEL_BOOST) ||
+                           || (ao_accel > AO_MSS_TO_ACCEL(20) &&
+                               ao_speed > AO_MS_TO_SPEED(5))
 #endif
-                           ao_flight_pres < ao_ground_pres - BARO_LAUNCH)
+                               )
                        {
-#if HAS_ACCEL
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_boost;
-#else
-                               ao_flight_state = ao_flight_coast;
-#endif
                                ao_launch_tick = ao_flight_tick;
 
                                /* start logging data */
@@ -457,7 +595,6 @@ ao_flight(void)
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
-#if HAS_ACCEL
                case ao_flight_boost:
 
                        /* boost to fast:
@@ -470,40 +607,31 @@ ao_flight(void)
                         * deceleration, or by waiting until the maximum burn duration
                         * (15 seconds) has past.
                         */
-                       if (ao_flight_accel > ao_ground_accel + ACCEL_COAST ||
+                       if ((ao_accel < AO_MSS_TO_ACCEL(-2.5) && ao_height > AO_M_TO_HEIGHT(100)) ||
                            (int16_t) (ao_flight_tick - ao_launch_tick) > BOOST_TICKS_MAX)
                        {
+#if HAS_ACCEL
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_fast;
+#else
+                               ao_flight_state = ao_flight_coast;
+#endif
                                ao_wakeup(DATA_TO_XDATA(&ao_flight_state));
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
+#if HAS_ACCEL
                case ao_flight_fast:
-
-                       /* fast to coast:
-                        *
-                        * accelerometer: integrated velocity < 200 m/s
-                        *               OR
-                        * barometer: fall at least 500m from max altitude
-                        *
-                        * This extra state is required to avoid mis-detecting
-                        * apogee due to mach transitions.
-                        *
-                        * XXX this is essentially a single-detector test
-                        * as the 500m altitude change would likely result
-                        * in a loss of the rocket. More data on precisely
-                        * how big a pressure change the mach transition
-                        * generates would be useful here.
+                       /*
+                        * This is essentially the same as coast,
+                        * but the barometer is being ignored as
+                        * it may be unreliable.
                         */
-                       if (ao_flight_vel < ACCEL_VEL_MACH ||
-                           ao_flight_pres > ao_min_pres + BARO_COAST)
+                       if (ao_speed < AO_MS_TO_SPEED(AO_MAX_BARO_SPEED) &&
+                           (ao_raw_alt >= AO_MAX_BARO_HEIGHT || ao_error_h_sq_avg < 30))
                        {
-                               /* set min velocity to current velocity for
-                                * apogee detect
-                                */
-                               ao_min_vel = abs(ao_flight_vel);
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_coast;
                                ao_wakeup(DATA_TO_XDATA(&ao_flight_state));
+                               break;
                        }
                        break;
 #endif
@@ -511,15 +639,17 @@ ao_flight(void)
 
                        /* apogee detect: coast to drogue deploy:
                         *
-                        * barometer: fall at least 10m
+                        * speed: < 0
                         *
-                        * It would be nice to use the accelerometer
-                        * to detect apogee as well, but tests have
-                        * shown that flights far from vertical would
-                        * grossly mis-detect apogee. So, for now,
-                        * we'll trust to a single sensor for this test
+                        * Also make sure the model altitude is tracking
+                        * the measured altitude reasonably closely; otherwise
+                        * we're probably transsonic.
                         */
-                       if (ao_flight_pres > ao_min_pres + BARO_APOGEE)
+                       if (ao_speed < 0
+#if !HAS_ACCEL
+                           && (ao_raw_alt >= AO_MAX_BARO_HEIGHT || ao_error_h_sq_avg < 30)
+#endif
+                               )
                        {
                                /* ignite the drogue charge */
                                ao_ignite(ao_igniter_drogue);
@@ -527,30 +657,15 @@ ao_flight(void)
                                /* slow down the telemetry system */
                                ao_telemetry_set_interval(AO_TELEMETRY_INTERVAL_RECOVER);
 
-                               /* slow down the ADC sample rate */
-                               ao_timer_set_adc_interval(10);
-
                                /*
-                                * Start recording min/max accel and pres for a while
+                                * Start recording min/max height
                                 * to figure out when the rocket has landed
                                 */
-                               /* Set the 'last' limits to max range to prevent
-                                * early resting detection
-                                */
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                               ao_interval_min_accel = 0;
-                               ao_interval_max_accel = 0x7fff;
-#endif
-                               ao_interval_min_pres = 0;
-                               ao_interval_max_pres = 0x7fff;
 
                                /* initialize interval values */
                                ao_interval_end = ao_flight_tick + AO_INTERVAL_TICKS;
 
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_pres = ao_interval_cur_max_pres = ao_flight_pres;
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_accel = ao_interval_cur_max_accel = ao_flight_accel;
-#endif
+                               ao_interval_min_height = ao_interval_max_height = ao_height;
 
                                /* and enter drogue state */
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_drogue;
@@ -572,7 +687,7 @@ ao_flight(void)
                         * at that point. Perhaps also use the drogue sense lines
                         * to notice continutity?
                         */
-                       if (ao_flight_pres >= ao_main_pres)
+                       if (ao_height <= ao_config.main_deploy)
                        {
                                ao_ignite(ao_igniter_main);
                                ao_flight_state = ao_flight_main;
@@ -584,39 +699,17 @@ ao_flight(void)
 
                        /* drogue/main to land:
                         *
-                        * accelerometer: value stable
-                        *                           AND
                         * barometer: altitude stable and within 1000m of the launch altitude
                         */
 
-                       if (ao_flight_pres < ao_interval_cur_min_pres)
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_pres = ao_flight_pres;
-                       if (ao_flight_pres > ao_interval_cur_max_pres)
-                               ao_interval_cur_max_pres = ao_flight_pres;
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                       if (ao_flight_accel < ao_interval_cur_min_accel)
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_accel = ao_flight_accel;
-                       if (ao_flight_accel > ao_interval_cur_max_accel)
-                               ao_interval_cur_max_accel = ao_flight_accel;
-#endif
+                       if (ao_height < ao_interval_min_height)
+                               ao_interval_min_height = ao_height;
+                       if (ao_height > ao_interval_max_height)
+                               ao_interval_max_height = ao_height;
 
                        if ((int16_t) (ao_flight_tick - ao_interval_end) >= 0) {
-                               ao_interval_max_pres = ao_interval_cur_max_pres;
-                               ao_interval_min_pres = ao_interval_cur_min_pres;
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_pres = ao_interval_cur_max_pres = ao_flight_pres;
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                               ao_interval_max_accel = ao_interval_cur_max_accel;
-                               ao_interval_min_accel = ao_interval_cur_min_accel;
-                               ao_interval_cur_min_accel = ao_interval_cur_max_accel = ao_flight_accel;
-#endif
-                               ao_interval_end = ao_flight_tick + AO_INTERVAL_TICKS;
-
-                               if (
-#if HAS_ACCEL
-                                       (uint16_t) (ao_interval_max_accel - ao_interval_min_accel) < (uint16_t) ACCEL_INT_LAND &&
-#endif
-                                   ao_flight_pres > ao_ground_pres - BARO_LAND &&
-                                   (uint16_t) (ao_interval_max_pres - ao_interval_min_pres) < (uint16_t) BARO_INT_LAND)
+                               if (ao_height < AO_M_TO_HEIGHT(1000) &&
+                                   ao_interval_max_height - ao_interval_min_height < AO_M_TO_HEIGHT(5))
                                {
                                        ao_flight_state = ao_flight_landed;
 
@@ -627,6 +720,8 @@ ao_flight(void)
 
                                        ao_wakeup(DATA_TO_XDATA(&ao_flight_state));
                                }
+                               ao_interval_min_height = ao_interval_max_height = ao_height;
+                               ao_interval_end = ao_flight_tick + AO_INTERVAL_TICKS;
                        }
                        break;
                case ao_flight_landed: