--- /dev/null
+Release 1.1.0:
+By John A. Magliacane <kd2bd@amsat.org> (29-Jan-2004):
+
+* Extensively modified by J. D. McDonald in January 2004 to include
+ the Longley-Rice propagation model using C++ code from NTIA/ITS.
+ In addition to analyzing line-of-sight propagation paths, SPLAT!
+ now generates multi-color maps illustrating predicted signal
+ strength (path loss), path loss graphs, path loss reports,
+ and terrain height graphs. The default earth radius, as well
+ as the default line-of-sight and path loss analysis range used
+ by SPLAT! may also be modified using new command-line options.
+
+* splat.c was renamed to splat.cpp to reflect changes necessary
+ to merge with Longley-Rice C++ code. A C++ compiler (gcc/g++)
+ is now required to compile SPLAT!.
+
+* The documentation was updated to reflect the new features
+ of the program.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Release 1.0.3:
+By John A. Magliacane <kd2bd@amsat.org> (10-Jun-2002):
+
+* Coverage areas are now processed four times faster than before.
+ (TNX KC6YSO)
+
+* Determination of antenna height above average terrain (HAAT) based
+ on FCC Part 73.313(d) (Prediction of coverage) has been added.
+
+* Site analysis report generation has been added when coverage mode
+ is invoked. These reports include ground height above mean sea
+ level, antenna height above mean sea level, antenna height above
+ average terrain, and average terrain calculated at azimuths of 0,
+ 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees.
+
+* Added site location information in degree, minute, second format,
+ as well as antenna height above average terrain to the content of
+ obstruction reports.
+
+* Elevations below sea-level are now safely handled.
+
+* Greyscale of topographic maps generated by SPLAT! is now referenced
+ between the highest and lowest elevations in the survey, instead of
+ between the highest elevation and sea-level. This change in reference
+ permits regions below sea level to be discernible in the map, and
+ allows subtle terrain variations to be clearly evident over regions
+ having relatively flat terrain.
+
+* The documentation was updated.
+
+* Several other minor coding changes/bug fixes were made.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Release 1.0.2:
+By John A. Magliacane <kd2bd@amsat.org> (14-May-2002):
+
+* SPLAT! now buffers data while reading bzip2 compressed SPLAT
+ Data Files (SDFs). A 100 MHz Pentium now loads compressed SDF
+ files 208% faster than before, and takes only 2 seconds longer
+ than an uncompressed file.
+
+* Configuration, compilation, and installation scripts now invoke
+ bash instead of sh. The -ffast-math compiler option was removed.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Release 1.0.1:
+By John A. Magliacane <kd2bd@amsat.org> (22-Apr-2002):
+
+* The maximum number of transmitter/repeater sites handled
+ per analysis has been increased from two to four.
+
+* Improved the configuration, compilation, and installation scripts.
+ Now ./configure compiles and installs the program, man page, and
+ all associated utilities in one command.
+
+* Some minor coding changes were made, including the addition of an
+ #include <stdlib.h> in each of the utilities to silence a compilation
+ warning issued by gcc version 3.x.x about the use of the exit() function.
+
+* The README and documentation files were updated.
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Release 1.0.0:
+by John A. Magliacane <kd2bd@amsat.org> (08-Apr-2002):
+
+* First public release of SPLAT!
+
--- /dev/null
+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ Version 2, June 1991
+
+ Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
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+\f
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+ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
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+
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+
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+
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+
+This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
+proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
+consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
+library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
+Public License instead of this License.
--- /dev/null
+ ===============================================================
+ * Welcome to SPLAT! -- A Terrain Analysis Tool for Unix/Linux *
+ ===============================================================
+
+Requirements
+============
+SPLAT! requires the libbzip2-1.0.1 (or later) compression library and
+header files for successful compilation. bzip2/libbzip2 is available
+at: http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2/
+
+SPLAT! also requires the zlib general purpose compression library.
+Any recent version included with your Linux distribution should work
+fine. Note, however, that zlib version 1.1.3 contains a security
+vulnerability that has been fixed in version 1.1.4. The latest
+version of zlib may be found at: http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
+If you decide to build zlib, don't forget to invoke:
+
+ ./configure -s
+
+to build zlib as a shared library.
+
+If you wish to generate terrain and elevation profiles through SPLAT!,
+you will also need gnuplot. The latest version of gnuplot is available
+at: http://www.gnuplot.info/
+
+You will also need an application for viewing large PPM graphics
+files generated by SPLAT!. XV, ImageMagick, XPaint, and The GIMP
+all perform this task well, especially The GIMP.
+
+It goes without saying that a C++ compiler (gcc/g++) and math libraries
+are also needed to build SPLAT!
+
+
+Installation Instructions
+=========================
+Unpack the tar.gz file in a source code directory (such as /usr/src
+under Slackware):
+
+ cd /usr/src
+ tar xvfz splat-1.1.0.tar.gz
+
+This action will generate a subdirectory named splat, and probably
+requires 'root' privileges to do so.
+
+Next, cd to the splat directory:
+
+ cd splat
+
+Invoke the configure script to build SPLAT! and related utilities:
+
+ ./configure
+
+If you are 'root', SPLAT! and its related man page and utilities will
+be installed after the compilation process is complete. If not, you
+will be prompted to su to 'root' and invoke the install script manually:
+
+ su root
+ Password:
+ ./install all
+ exit
+
+It's THAT simple! :-)
+
+Before running SPLAT!, carefully read the documentation located under
+the splat-1.1.0/docs directory for information on the use of the program.
+
+Remember, topography data must be downloaded and SPLAT Data Files must
+be generated (using the postdownload or usgs2sdf utility) prior to using
+SPLAT! Instructions for doing so are included in the documentation.
+
+It is important to realize that when analyzing coverage areas of
+transmitters, repeaters, or cell sites, SPLAT Data Files need to be
+available for the entire region surrounding the site(s) being analyzed
+so an accurate and complete topography map can be generated. It is
+advised that you place all your SPLAT Data Files in a single directory,
+and then create a file in your home directory called .splat_path that
+contains the full path to that directory so SPLAT! can easily find them.
+
+Please read the README file under the utils directory for information
+on the utilities included with SPLAT!.
+
+The latest announcements and information regarding SPLAT! software is
+available at the SPLAT! Home Page:
+
+ http://www.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html
+
+--
+John A. Magliacane, KD2BD
+January 24, 2004
+
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Simple shell script for building SPLAT! and associated utilities.
+# Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD May 2002 -- Last update: Jan 2004
+#
+
+build_splat()
+{
+ echo -n "Compiling SPLAT!... "
+ g++ -Wall -O3 -s -lm -lbz2 -fomit-frame-pointer itm.cpp splat.cpp -o splat
+ echo "Done!"
+}
+
+build_utils()
+{
+ cd utils
+ ./build all
+ cd ..
+}
+
+if [ $# == "0" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: build { splat, utils, all }"
+else
+
+ if [ $1 == "splat" ]; then
+ build_splat
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "utils" ]; then
+ build_utils
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "all" ]; then
+ build_splat
+ build_utils
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 != "splat" ] && [ $1 != "utils" ] && [ $1 != "all" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: build { splat, utils, all }"
+ fi
+fi
+
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+# Simple script to create a clean distribution
+#
+rm splat utils/fontdata utils/citydecoder utils/usgs2sdf
+echo "Done!"
+
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+# Simple script to compile (and if you're 'root', install) SPLAT! and
+# associated utilities. Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD May 2002
+#
+clear
+whoami=`whoami`
+echo " ****************************************************************"
+echo " ** Welcome to SPLAT! Terrain Analysis Software by KD2BD **"
+echo " ****************************************************************"
+echo -e "\n Now building SPLAT! and associated utilities..."
+echo
+./build all
+if [ $whoami == "root" ]; then
+ echo -e "\nNow installing SPLAT! and associated utilities..."
+ echo
+ ./install all
+else
+ echo
+ echo "To install SPLAT! and its associated utilities, please"
+ echo "su to 'root' and execute the install script as follows:"
+ echo
+ echo -e "\t./install all"
+fi
+echo
+echo "Don't forget to read the documentation under the docs directory"
+echo "as well as the various README files in the splat and splat/utils"
+echo "directories. Enjoy the program! 73, de John, KD2BD"
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+# This script builds the man page, pdf, and postscript
+# and text documentation from the groff source "splat.man".
+echo -n "Creating postscript file... "
+groff -e -T ps -man splat.man > ../postscript/splat.ps
+echo
+echo -n "Creating man page... "
+groff -e -T ascii -man splat.man > splat.1
+echo
+echo -n "Creating text file... "
+ul -t dumb splat.1 > ../text/splat.txt
+echo
+echo -n "Creating pdf file... "
+ps2pdf ../postscript/splat.ps ../pdf/splat.pdf
+echo
+echo "Done!"
--- /dev/null
+SPLAT!(1) KD2BD Software SPLAT!(1)
+
+
+
+N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
+ splat - A S\bSignal P\bPropagation, L\bLoss, A\bAnd T\bTerrain analysis
+ tool
+
+S\bSY\bYN\bNO\bOP\bPS\bSI\bIS\bS
+ splat [-t _\bt_\br_\ba_\bn_\bs_\bm_\bi_\bt_\bt_\be_\br_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh] [-r _\br_\be_\bc_\be_\bi_\bv_\be_\br_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh] [-c
+ _\br_\bx_\b__\ba_\bn_\bt_\be_\bn_\bn_\ba_\b__\bh_\be_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\b__\bl_\bo_\bs_\b__\bc_\bo_\bv_\be_\br_\ba_\bg_\be_\b__\ba_\bn_\ba_\bl_\by_\bs_\bi_\bs _\b(_\bf_\be_\be_\bt_\b)
+ _\b(_\bf_\bl_\bo_\ba_\bt_\b)] [-L _\br_\bx_\b__\ba_\bn_\bt_\be_\bn_\bn_\ba_\b__\bh_\be_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\b__\bf_\bo_\br_\b__\bL_\bo_\bn_\bg_\bl_\be_\by_\b-_\bR_\bi_\bc_\be_\b__\bc_\bo_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
+ _\ba_\bg_\be_\b__\ba_\bn_\ba_\bl_\by_\bs_\bi_\bs _\b(_\bf_\be_\be_\bt_\b) _\b(_\bf_\bl_\bo_\ba_\bt_\b)] [-p _\bt_\be_\br_\br_\ba_\bi_\bn_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b._\be_\bx_\bt] [-e
+ _\be_\bl_\be_\bv_\ba_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b._\be_\bx_\bt] [-h _\bh_\be_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b._\be_\bx_\bt] [-l _\bL_\bo_\bn_\bg_\b-
+ _\bl_\be_\by_\b-_\bR_\bi_\bc_\be_\b__\bp_\br_\bo_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\b._\be_\bx_\bt] [-o _\bt_\bo_\bp_\bo_\bg_\br_\ba_\bp_\bh_\bi_\bc_\b__\bm_\ba_\bp_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\b._\bp_\bp_\bm]
+ [-b _\bc_\ba_\br_\bt_\bo_\bg_\br_\ba_\bp_\bh_\bi_\bc_\b__\bb_\bo_\bu_\bn_\bd_\ba_\br_\by_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bn_\ba_\bm_\be_\b._\bd_\ba_\bt] [-s
+ _\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b/_\bc_\bi_\bt_\by_\b__\bd_\ba_\bt_\ba_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be_\b._\bd_\ba_\bt] [-d _\bs_\bd_\bf_\b__\bd_\bi_\br_\be_\bc_\bt_\bo_\br_\by_\b__\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh] [-m
+ _\be_\ba_\br_\bt_\bh_\b__\br_\ba_\bd_\bi_\bu_\bs_\b__\bm_\bu_\bl_\bt_\bi_\bp_\bl_\bi_\be_\br _\b(_\bf_\bl_\bo_\ba_\bt_\b)] [-R _\bm_\ba_\bx_\bi_\bm_\bu_\bm_\b__\bc_\bo_\bv_\be_\br_\b-
+ _\ba_\bg_\be_\b__\br_\ba_\bn_\bg_\be _\b(_\bf_\bo_\br _\b-_\bc _\bo_\br _\b-_\bL_\b) _\b(_\bm_\bi_\bl_\be_\bs_\b) _\b(_\bf_\bl_\bo_\ba_\bt_\b)] [-n] [-N]
+
+D\bDE\bES\bSC\bCR\bRI\bIP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is a simple, yet powerful terrain analysis tool
+ written for Unix and Linux-based workstations. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is
+ free software. Redistribution and/or modification is per-
+ mitted under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ as published by the Free Software Foundation, either ver-
+ sion 2 of the License or any later version. Adoption of
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! source code in proprietary or closed-source appli-
+ cations is a violation of this license, and is s\bst\btr\bri\bic\bct\btl\bly\by
+ forbidden.
+
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, without even the implied war-
+ ranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-
+ POSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+I\bIN\bNT\bTR\bRO\bOD\bDU\bUC\bCT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is a terrestrial RF propagation analysis tool for
+ the spectrum between 20 MHz and 20 GHz, and provides
+ information of interest to communication system designers
+ and site engineers. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! determines great circle dis-
+ tances and bearings between sites, antenna elevation
+ angles (uptilt), depression angles (downtilt), antenna
+ height above mean sea level, antenna height above average
+ terrain, bearings and distances to known obstructions,
+ Longley-Rice path loss, and minimum antenna height
+ requirements needed to establish line-of-sight communica-
+ tion paths absent of obstructions due to terrain. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!
+ produces reports, graphs, and highly detailed and care-
+ fully annotated topographic maps depicting line-of-sight
+ paths, path loss, and expected coverage areas of transmit-
+ ters and repeater systems. When performing line-of-sight
+ analysis in situations where multiple transmitter or
+ repeater sites are employed, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! determines individual
+ and mutual areas of coverage within the network specified.
+
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! operates in two modes: _\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt_\b-_\bt_\bo_\b-_\bp_\bo_\bi_\bn_\bt _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be, and
+ _\ba_\br_\be_\ba _\bp_\br_\be_\bd_\bi_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bm_\bo_\bd_\be. These modes may be invoked using
+ either line-of-sight (LOS) or Irregular Terrain (ITM)
+ propagation models. True Earth, four-thirds Earth, or any
+ other Earth radius may be specified by the user when per-
+ forming line-of-sight analysis.
+
+I\bIN\bNP\bPU\bUT\bT F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is a command-line driven application, and reads
+ input data through a number of data files. Each has its
+ own format. Some files are mandatory for successful exe-
+ cution of the program, while others are optional. Manda-
+ tory files include SPLAT Data Files (SDF files), site
+ location files (QTH files), and Longley-Rice model parame-
+ ter files (LRP files). Optional files include city/site
+ location files, and cartographic boundary files.
+
+S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT D\bDA\bAT\bTA\bA F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! imports topographic data in the form of SPLAT Data
+ Files (SDFs) that may be generated from a number of infor-
+ mation sources. In the United States, SPLAT Data Files
+ are most often derived from U.S. Geological Survey Digi-
+ tal Elevation Models (DEMs) using the u\bus\bsg\bgs\bs2\b2s\bsd\bdf\bf utility
+ included with S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. USGS Digital Elevation Models com-
+ patible with this utility are available at no cost via the
+ Internet at: _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\be_\bd_\bc_\b-
+ _\bs_\bg_\bs_\b9_\b._\bc_\br_\b._\bu_\bs_\bg_\bs_\b._\bg_\bo_\bv_\b/_\bg_\bl_\bi_\bs_\b/_\bh_\by_\bp_\be_\br_\b/_\bg_\bu_\bi_\bd_\be_\b/_\b1_\b__\bd_\bg_\br_\b__\bd_\be_\bm_\b-
+ _\bf_\bi_\bg_\b/_\bi_\bn_\bd_\be_\bx_\b1_\bm_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl.
+
+ SPLAT Data Files contain topographic elevations to the
+ nearest meter above mean sea level for 1-degree by
+ 1-degree regions of the earth with a resolution of 3-arc
+ seconds. SDF files can be read in either standard format
+ (_\b._\bs_\bd_\bf) as generated by the u\bus\bsg\bgs\bs2\b2s\bsd\bdf\bf utility, or in bzip2
+ compressed format (_\b._\bs_\bd_\bf_\b._\bb_\bz_\b2). Since uncompressed files
+ can be slightly faster to load than compressed files,
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! searches for the needed SDF data in uncompressed
+ format first. If such data cannot located, then S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!
+ tries to read the data in bzip2 compressed format. If no
+ compressed SDF files can be found for the region
+ requested, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! assumes the region is over water or out-
+ side the United States, and will assign an elevation of
+ sea-level to these areas. This feature of S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! makes it
+ possible to perform path analysis not only over land, but
+ also between coastal areas not represented by USGS Digital
+ Elevation Model Data since they are devoid of any land
+ masses. However, this behavior of S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! underscores the
+ importance of having all the SDF files required for the
+ region being analyzed if meaningful results are to be
+ expected.
+
+S\bSI\bIT\bTE\bE L\bLO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN (\b(Q\bQT\bTH\bH)\b) F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! imports site location information of transmitter
+ and receiver sites analyzed by the program from ASCII
+ files having a _\b._\bq_\bt_\bh extension. QTH files contain the
+ site's name, the site's latitude (in degrees North), the
+ site's longitude (in degrees West), and the site's antenna
+ height above ground level (AGL). A single line-feed char-
+ acter separates each field. The antenna height is assumed
+ to be specified in feet unless followed by the letter _\bm or
+ the word _\bm_\be_\bt_\be_\br_\bs in either upper or lower case. Latitude
+ and longitude information may be expressed in either deci-
+ mal format (74.6889) or degree, minute, second (DMS) for-
+ mat (74 41 20.0).
+
+ For example, a site location file describing television
+ station WNJT, Trenton, NJ (_\bw_\bn_\bj_\bt_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh) might read as fol-
+ lows:
+
+ WNJT
+ 40.2833
+ 74.6889
+ 990.00
+
+ Each transmitter and receiver site analyzed by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! must
+ be represented by its own site location (QTH) file.
+
+L\bLO\bON\bNG\bGL\bLE\bEY\bY-\b-R\bRI\bIC\bCE\bE P\bPA\bAR\bRA\bAM\bME\bET\bTE\bER\bR (\b(L\bLR\bRP\bP)\b) F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! imports Longley-Rice model parameter data from
+ files having the same base name as the transmitter site
+ QTH file, but carrying a _\b._\bl_\br_\bp extension, thus providing
+ simple and accurate correlation between these associated
+ data sets. The format for the Longley-Rice model parame-
+ ter files is as follows (_\bw_\bn_\bj_\bt_\b._\bl_\br_\bp):
+
+ 15.000 ; Earth Dielectric Constant (Relative per-
+ mittivity)
+ 0.005 ; Earth Conductivity (Siemens per meter)
+ 301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant (N-units)
+ 700.000 ; Frequency in MHz (20 MHz to 20 GHz)
+ 5 ; Radio Climate (5 = Continental Temper-
+ ate)
+ 0 ; Polarization (0 = Horizontal, 1 = Verti-
+ cal)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of situations (50% of loca-
+ tions)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of time (50% of the time)
+
+ If an LRP file corresponding to the tx_site QTH file can-
+ not be found, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! scans the current working directory
+ for the file "splat.lrp". If this file cannot be found,
+ then the default parameters listed above will be assigned
+ by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! and a corresponding "splat.lrp" file containing
+ this data will be written to the current working direc-
+ tory.
+
+ Typical Earth dielectric constants and conductivity values
+ are as follows:
+
+ Dielectric Constant Conductiv-
+ ity
+ Salt water : 80 5.000
+ Good ground : 25 0.020
+ Fresh water : 80 0.010
+ Marshy land : 12 0.007
+ Farmland, forest : 15 0.005
+ Average ground : 15 0.005
+ Mountain, sand : 13 0.002
+ City : 5 0.001
+ Poor ground : 4 0.001
+
+ Radio climate codes used by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! are as follows:
+
+ 1: Equatorial (Congo)
+ 2: Continental Subtropical (Sudan)
+ 3: Maritime Subtropical (West coast of Africa)
+ 4: Desert (Sahara)
+ 5: Continental Temperate
+ 6: Maritime Temperate, over land (UK and west
+ coasts of US & EU)
+ 7: Maritime Temperate, over sea
+
+ The Continental Temperate climate is common to large land
+ masses in the temperate zone, such as the United States.
+ For paths shorter than 100 km, there is little difference
+ between Continental and Maritime Temperate climates.
+
+ The final two parameters in the _\b._\bl_\br_\bp file correspond to
+ the statistical analysis provided by the Longley-Rice
+ model. In this example, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! will return the maximum
+ path loss occurring 50% of the time (fraction of time) in
+ 50% of situations (fraction of situations). Use a
+ fraction of time parameter of 0.97 for digital television,
+ 0.50 for analog in the United States. Isotropic antennas
+ are assumed.
+
+ For further information on these parameters, see:
+ _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\be_\bl_\bb_\be_\br_\bt_\b._\bi_\bt_\bs_\b._\bb_\bl_\bd_\br_\bd_\bo_\bc_\b._\bg_\bo_\bv_\b/_\bi_\bt_\bm_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl and
+ _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bs_\bo_\bf_\bt_\bw_\br_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\b._\bc_\bo_\bm_\b/_\bf_\ba_\bq_\b/_\be_\bn_\bg_\bi_\bn_\be_\be_\br_\bi_\bn_\bg_\b/_\bp_\br_\bo_\bp_\b__\bl_\bo_\bn_\bg_\b-
+ _\bl_\be_\by_\b__\br_\bi_\bc_\be_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl
+
+C\bCI\bIT\bTY\bY L\bLO\bOC\bCA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ The names and locations of cities, tower sites, or other
+ points of interest may imported and be plotted on topo-
+ graphic maps generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! imports the
+ names of cities and locations from ASCII files containing
+ the location's name, the location's latitude, and the
+ location's longitude. Each field is separated by a comma.
+ Each record is separated by a single line feed character.
+ As was the case with the _\b._\bq_\bt_\bh files, latitude and longi-
+ tude information may be entered in either decimal or
+ degree, minute, second (DMS) format.
+
+ For example (_\bc_\bi_\bt_\bi_\be_\bs_\b._\bd_\ba_\bt):
+
+ Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506
+ Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892
+ Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908
+ Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924
+ Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580
+ Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310
+ Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665
+
+ A total of five separate city data files may be imported
+ at a time. There is no limit to the size of these files.
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! reads city data sequentially, and plots only those
+ locations whose positions do not conflict with previously
+ plotted locations when generating topographic maps.
+
+ City data files may be generated manually using any text
+ editor, imported from other sources, or derived from data
+ available from the U.S. Census Bureau using the c\bci\bit\bty\byd\bde\be-\b-
+ c\bco\bod\bde\ber\br utility included with S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. Such data is avail-
+ able free of charge via the Internet at: _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bc_\be_\bn_\b-
+ _\bs_\bu_\bs_\b._\bg_\bo_\bv_\b/_\bg_\be_\bo_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b/_\bc_\bo_\bb_\b/_\bb_\bd_\by_\b__\bf_\bi_\bl_\be_\bs_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl, and must be in ASCII
+ format.
+
+C\bCA\bAR\bRT\bTO\bOG\bGR\bRA\bAP\bPH\bHI\bIC\bC B\bBO\bOU\bUN\bND\bDA\bAR\bRY\bY D\bDA\bAT\bTA\bA F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ Cartographic boundary data may also be imported to plot
+ the boundaries of cities, counties, or states on topo-
+ graphic maps generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. Such data must be of
+ the form of ARC/INFO Ungenerate (ASCII Format) Metadata
+ Cartographic Boundary Files, and are available from the
+ U.S. Census Bureau via the Internet at: _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bc_\be_\bn_\b-
+ _\bs_\bu_\bs_\b._\bg_\bo_\bv_\b/_\bg_\be_\bo_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b/_\bc_\bo_\bb_\b/_\bc_\bo_\b2_\b0_\b0_\b0_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl_\b#_\ba_\bs_\bc_\bi_\bi and _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bc_\be_\bn_\b-
+ _\bs_\bu_\bs_\b._\bg_\bo_\bv_\b/_\bg_\be_\bo_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b/_\bc_\bo_\bb_\b/_\bp_\bl_\b2_\b0_\b0_\b0_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl_\b#_\ba_\bs_\bc_\bi_\bi. A total of five
+ separate cartographic boundary files may be imported at a
+ time. It is not necessary to import state boundaries if
+ county boundaries have already been imported.
+
+P\bPR\bRO\bOG\bGR\bRA\bAM\bM O\bOP\bPE\bER\bRA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is invoked via the command-line using a series of
+ switches and arguments. Since S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! is a CPU and memory
+ intensive application, this type of interface minimizes
+ overhead, and also lends itself well to scripted opera-
+ tions. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!'s CPU and memory scheduling priority may be
+ adjusted through the use of the Unix n\bni\bic\bce\be command.
+
+ The number and type of switches passed to S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! determine
+ its mode of operation and method of output data genera-
+ tion. Nearly all of S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!'s switches may be cascaded in
+ any order on the command line when invoking the program to
+ include all the features described by those switches when
+ performing an analysis.
+
+P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT-\b-T\bTO\bO-\b-P\bPO\bOI\bIN\bNT\bT A\bAN\bNA\bAL\bLY\bYS\bSI\bIS\bS
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analy-
+ sis between two specified site locations. For example:
+
+ splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth
+
+ invokes a terrain analysis between the transmitter speci-
+ fied in _\bt_\bx_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh and receiver specified in _\br_\bx_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh,
+ and writes a S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! Obstruction Report to the current
+ working directory. The report contains details of the
+ transmitter and receiver sites, and identifies the loca-
+ tion of any obstructions detected during the analysis. If
+ an obstruction can be cleared by raising the receive
+ antenna to a greater altitude, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! will indicate the
+ minimum antenna height required for a line-of-sight path
+ to exist between the transmitter and receiver locations
+ specified. If the antenna must be raised a significant
+ amount, this determination may take some time.
+
+ are optional when invoking the program. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! automati-
+ cally reads all SPLAT Data Files necessary to conduct the
+ terrain analysis between the sites specified. By default,
+ the location of SDF files is assumed to be in the current
+ working directory unless a ".splat_path" file is present
+ under the user's home directory. If this file is present,
+ it must contain the full directory path to the location of
+ all the SDF files required by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! to perform its analy-
+ sis for the region containing the transmitter and receiver
+ sites specified. The path in this file must be of the
+ form of a single line of ASCII text:
+
+ /opt/splat/sdf/
+
+ and may be generated with any text editor. The default
+ path specified in the _\b$_\bH_\bO_\bM_\bE_\b/_\b._\bs_\bp_\bl_\ba_\bt_\b__\bp_\ba_\bt_\bh file may be over-
+ ridden at any time using the _\b-_\bd switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/
+
+ A graph of the terrain profile between the receiver and
+ transmitter locations as a function of distance from the
+ receiver can be generated by adding the _\b-_\bp switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.gif
+
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! invokes g\bgn\bnu\bup\bpl\blo\bot\bt when generating graphs. The file-
+ name extension specified to S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! determines the format
+ of the graph produced. _\b._\bg_\bi_\bf will produce a 640x480 color
+ GIF graphic file, while _\b._\bp_\bs or _\b._\bp_\bo_\bs_\bt_\bs_\bc_\br_\bi_\bp_\bt will produce
+ postscript output. Output in formats such as PNG, Adobe
+ Illustrator, AutoCAD dxf, LaTeX, and many others are
+ available. Please consult g\bgn\bnu\bup\bpl\blo\bot\bt, and g\bgn\bnu\bup\bpl\blo\bot\bt's documen-
+ tation for details on all the supported output formats.
+
+ A graph of elevations subtended by the terrain between the
+ receiver and transmitter as a function of distance from
+ the receiver can be generated by using the _\b-_\be switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.gif
+
+ The graph produced using this switch illustrates the ele-
+ vation and depression angles resulting from the terrain
+ between the receiver's location and the transmitter site
+ from the perspective of the receiver's location. A second
+ trace is plotted between the left side of the graph
+ (receiver's location) and the location of the transmitting
+ antenna on the right. This trace illustrates the eleva-
+ tion angle required for a line-of-sight path to exist
+ between the receiver and transmitter locations. If the
+ trace intersects the elevation profile at any point on the
+ graph, then this is an indication that a line-of-sight
+ path does not exist under the conditions given, and the
+ obstructions can be clearly identified on the graph at the
+ point(s) of intersection.
+
+ A graph illustrating terrain height referenced to a line-
+ of-sight path between the transmitter and receiver may be
+ generated using the _\b-_\bh switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.gif
+
+ The Earth's curvature is clearly evident when plotting
+ height profiles.
+
+ A graph showing Longley-Rice path loss may be plotted
+ using the _\b-_\bl switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.gif
+
+ When performing path loss profiles, a Longley-Rice Model
+ Path Loss Report is generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! in the form of a
+ text file with a _\b._\bl_\br_\bo filename extension. The report con-
+ tains bearings and distances between the transmitter and
+ receiver, as well as the Longley-Rice path loss for vari-
+ ous distances between the transmitter and receiver loca-
+ tions. The mode of propagation for points along the path
+ are given as _\bL_\bi_\bn_\be_\b-_\bo_\bf_\b-_\bS_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt, _\bS_\bi_\bn_\bg_\bl_\be _\bH_\bo_\br_\bi_\bz_\bo_\bn, _\bD_\bo_\bu_\bb_\bl_\be _\bH_\bo_\br_\bi_\b-
+ _\bz_\bo_\bn, _\bD_\bi_\bf_\bf_\br_\ba_\bc_\bt_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bD_\bo_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bn_\bt, and _\bT_\br_\bo_\bp_\bo_\bs_\bc_\ba_\bt_\bt_\be_\br _\bD_\bo_\bm_\bi_\bn_\ba_\bn_\bt.
+
+ To determine the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio at remote
+ location where random Johnson (thermal) noise is the pri-
+ mary limiting factor in reception:
+
+ _\bS_\bN_\bR=_\bT-_\bN_\bJ-_\bL+_\bG-_\bN_\bF
+
+ where T\bT is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW, N\bNJ\bJ is John-
+ son Noise in dBW (-136 dBW for a 6 MHz TV channel), L\bL is
+ the path loss provided by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! in dB (as a _\bp_\bo_\bs_\bi_\bt_\bi_\bv_\be num-
+ ber), G\bG is the receive antenna gain in dB over isotropic,
+ and N\bNF\bF is the receiver noise figure in dB.
+
+ T\bT may be computed as follows:
+
+ _\bT=_\bT_\bI+_\bG_\bT
+
+ where T\bTI\bI is actual amount of RF power delivered to the
+ transmitting antenna in dBW, G\bGT\bT is the transmitting
+ antenna gain (over isotropic) in the direction of the
+ receiver (or the horizon if the receiver is over the hori-
+ zon).
+
+ To compute how much more signal is available over the min-
+ imum to necessary to achieve a specific signal-to-noise
+ ratio:
+
+ _\bS_\bi_\bg_\bn_\ba_\bl__\bM_\ba_\br_\bg_\bi_\bn=_\bS_\bN_\bR-_\bS
+
+ where S\bS is the minimum desired SNR ratio (15.5 dB for ATSC
+ DTV, 42 dB for analog NTSC television).
+
+ A topographic map may be generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! to visualize
+ the path between the transmitter and receiver sites from
+ yet another perspective. Topographic maps generated by
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! display elevations using a logarithmic grayscale,
+ with higher elevations represented through brighter shades
+ of gray. The dynamic range of the image is scaled between
+ the highest and lowest elevations present in the map. The
+ only exception to this is sea-level, which is represented
+ in blue.
+
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! generated topographic maps are 24-bit TrueColor
+ Portable PixMap (PPM) images, and may be viewed, edited,
+ or converted to other graphic formats by popular image
+ viewing applications such as x\bxv\bv, T\bTh\bhe\be G\bGI\bIM\bMP\bP, I\bIm\bma\bag\bge\beM\bMa\bag\bgi\bic\bck\bk,
+ and X\bXP\bPa\bai\bin\bnt\bt. PNG format is highly recommended for lossless
+ compressed storage of S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! generated topographic output
+ files. An excellent command-line utility capable of con-
+ verting S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! PPM graphic files to PNG files is w\bwp\bpn\bng\bg, and
+ is available at:
+ _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bl_\bi_\bb_\bp_\bn_\bg_\b._\bo_\br_\bg_\b/_\bp_\bu_\bb_\b/_\bp_\bn_\bg_\b/_\bb_\bo_\bo_\bk_\b/_\bs_\bo_\bu_\br_\bc_\be_\bs_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl. As a
+ last resort, PPM files may be compressed using the bzip2
+ utility, and read directly by T\bTh\bhe\be G\bGI\bIM\bMP\bP in this format.
+ Topographic output is specified using the _\b-_\bo switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ The _\b._\bp_\bp_\bm extension on the output filename is assumed by
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!, and is optional.
+
+ In this example, _\bt_\bo_\bp_\bo_\b__\bm_\ba_\bp_\b._\bp_\bp_\bm will illustrate the loca-
+ tions of the transmitter and receiver sites specified. In
+ addition, the great circle path between the two sites will
+ be drawn over locations for which an unobstructed path
+ exists to the transmitter at a receiving antenna height
+ equal to that of the receiver site (specified in
+ _\br_\bx_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be_\b._\bq_\bt_\bh).
+
+ It may desirable to populate the topographic map with
+ names and locations of cities, tower sites, or other
+ important locations. A city file may be passed to S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!
+ using the _\b-_\bs switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map
+
+ Up to five separate city files may be passed to S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! at
+ a time following the _\b-_\bs switch.
+
+ County and state boundaries may be added to the map by
+ specifying up to five U.S. Census Bureau cartographic
+ boundary files using the _\b-_\bb switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map
+
+ In situations where multiple transmitter sites are in use,
+ as many as four site locations may be passed to S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! at
+ a time for analysis:
+
+ splat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p
+ profile.gif
+
+ In this example, four separate terrain profiles and
+ obstruction reports will be generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. A single
+ topographic map can be specified using the _\b-_\bo switch, and
+ line-of-sight paths between each transmitter and the
+ receiver site indicated will be produced on the map, each
+ in its own color. The path between the first transmitter
+ specified to the receiver will be in green, the path
+ between the second transmitter and the receiver will be in
+ cyan, the path between the third transmitter and the
+ receiver will be in violet, and the path between the
+ fourth transmitter and the receiver will be in sienna.
+
+D\bDE\bET\bTE\bER\bRM\bMI\bIN\bNI\bIN\bNG\bG R\bRE\bEG\bGI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL C\bCO\bOV\bVE\bER\bRA\bAG\bGE\bE
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or net-
+ work of sites, and predict the regional coverage for each
+ site specified. In this mode, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! can generate a topo-
+ graphic map displaying the geometric line-of-sight cover-
+ age area of the sites based on the location of each site,
+ and the height of receive antenna wishing to communicate
+ with the site in question. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! switches from point-to-
+ point analysis mode to area prediction mode when the _\b-_\bc
+ switch is invoked as follows:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o
+ tx_coverage
+
+ In this example, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! generates a topographic map called
+ _\bt_\bx_\b__\bc_\bo_\bv_\be_\br_\ba_\bg_\be_\b._\bp_\bp_\bm that illustrates the predicted line-of-
+ sight regional coverage of _\bt_\bx_\b__\bs_\bi_\bt_\be to receiving locations
+ having antennas 30.0 feet above ground level (AGL). The
+ contents of _\bc_\bi_\bt_\bi_\be_\bs_\b._\bd_\ba_\bt are plotted on the map, as are the
+ cartographic boundaries contained in the file
+ _\bc_\bo_\b3_\b4_\b__\bd_\b0_\b0_\b._\bd_\ba_\bt.
+
+ When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of regional
+ coverage, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! by default does not account for the
+ effects of atmospheric bending. However, this behavior
+ may be modified by using the Earth radius multiplier (_\b-_\bm)
+ switch:
+
+ splat -t wnjt -c 30.0 -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b coun-
+ ties.dat -o map.ppm
+
+ An earth radius multiplier of 1.333 instructs S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! to
+ use the "four-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight propa-
+ gation analysis. Any appropriate earth radius multiplier
+ may be selected by the user.
+
+ When invoked in area prediction mode, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! generates a
+ site report for each station analyzed. S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! site
+ reports contain details of the site's geographic location,
+ its height above mean sea level, the antenna's height
+ above mean sea level, the antenna's height above average
+ terrain, and the height of the average terrain calculated
+ in the directions of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and
+ 315 degrees azimuth.
+
+ If the _\b-_\bc switch is replaced by a _\b-_\bL switch, a Longley-
+ Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be gener-
+ ated:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o
+ path_loss_map
+
+ In this mode, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! generates a multi-color map illus-
+ trating expected signal levels (path loss) in areas sur-
+ rounding the transmitter site. A legend at the bottom of
+ the map correlates each color with a specific path loss
+ level in decibels. Since Longley-Rice area prediction map
+ generation is quite CPU intensive, provision for limiting
+ the analysis range is provided by the _\b-_\bR switch. The
+ argument must be given in miles. If a range wider than
+ the generated topographic map is specified, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! will
+ perform Longley-Rice path loss calculations between all
+ four corners of the area prediction map.
+
+D\bDE\bET\bTE\bER\bRM\bMI\bIN\bNI\bIN\bNG\bG M\bMU\bUL\bLT\bTI\bIP\bPL\bLE\bE R\bRE\bEG\bGI\bIO\bON\bNS\bS O\bOF\bF C\bCO\bOV\bVE\bER\bRA\bAG\bGE\bE
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! can also display line-of-sight coverage areas for
+ as many as four separate transmitter sites on a common
+ topographic map. For example:
+
+ splat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 30.0 -o network.ppm
+
+ plots the regional line-of-sight coverage of site1, site2,
+ site3, and site4 based on a receive antenna located 30.0
+ feet above ground level. A topographic map is then writ-
+ ten to the file _\bn_\be_\bt_\bw_\bo_\br_\bk_\b._\bp_\bp_\bm. The line-of-sight coverage
+ area of the transmitters are plotted as follows in the
+ colors indicated (along with their corresponding RGB val-
+ ues in decimal):
+
+ site1: Green (0,255,0)
+ site2: Cyan (0,255,255)
+ site3: Medium Violet (147,112,219)
+ site4: Sienna 1 (255,130,71)
+
+ site1 + site2: Yellow (255,255,0)
+ site1 + site3: Pink (255,192,203)
+ site1 + site4: Green Yellow (173,255,47)
+ site2 + site3: Orange (255,165,0)
+ site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 (193,255,193)
+ site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise (0,206,209)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green (0,100,0)
+ site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond (255,235,205)
+ site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green (0,250,154)
+ site2 + site3 + site4: Tan (210,180,140)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 (238,201,0)
+
+ If separate _\b._\bq_\bt_\bh files are generated, each representing a
+ common site location but a different antenna height, a
+ single topographic map illustrating the regional coverage
+ from as many as four separate locations on a single tower
+ may be generated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!.
+
+T\bTO\bOP\bPO\bOG\bGR\bRA\bAP\bPH\bHI\bIC\bC M\bMA\bAP\bP G\bGE\bEN\bNE\bER\bRA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ In certain situations, it may be desirable to generate a
+ topographic map of a region without plotting coverage
+ areas, line-of-sight paths, or generating obstruction
+ reports. There are several ways of doing this. If one
+ wishes to generate a topographic map illustrating the
+ location of a transmitter and receiver site along with a
+ brief text report describing the locations and distances
+ between the sites, the _\b-_\bn switch should be invoked as fol-
+ lows:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ If no text report is desired, then the _\b-_\bN switch is used:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ If the _\b-_\bo switch and output filename are omitted when
+ using either the _\b-_\bn or _\b-_\bN switches, output is written to a
+ file named _\bm_\ba_\bp_\b._\bp_\bp_\bm in the current working directory by
+ default.
+
+D\bDE\bET\bTE\bER\bRM\bMI\bIN\bNA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN O\bOF\bF A\bAN\bNT\bTE\bEN\bNN\bNA\bA H\bHE\bEI\bIG\bGH\bHT\bT A\bAB\bBO\bOV\bVE\bE A\bAV\bVE\bER\bRA\bAG\bGE\bE T\bTE\bER\bRR\bRA\bAI\bIN\bN
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! determines antenna height above average terrain
+ (HAAT) according to the procedure defined by Federal Com-
+ munications Commission Part 73.313(d). According to this
+ definition, terrain elevations along eight radials between
+ 2 and 10 miles (3 and 16 kilometers) from the site being
+ analyzed are sampled and averaged for each 45 degrees of
+ azimuth starting with True North. If one or more radials
+ lie entirely over water, or over land outside the United
+ States (areas for which no USGS topography data is avail-
+ able), then those radials are omitted from the calculation
+ of average terrain. If part of a radial extends over a
+ body of water or over land outside the United States, then
+ only that part of the radial lying over United States land
+ is used in the determination of average terrain.
+
+ When performing point-to-point terrain analysis, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!
+ determines the antenna height above average terrain only
+ if enough topographic data has already been loaded by the
+ program to perform the point-to-point analysis. In most
+ cases, this will be true, unless the site in question does
+ not lie within 10 miles of the boundary of the topography
+ data in memory.
+
+ When performing area prediction analysis, enough topogra-
+ phy data is normally loaded by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! to perform average
+ terrain calculations. Under such conditions, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! will
+ provide the antenna height above average terrain as well
+ as the average terrain above mean sea level for azimuths
+ of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees, and
+ include such information in the site report generated. If
+ one or more of the eight radials surveyed fall over water
+ or land outside the United States, S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! reports _\bN_\bo _\bT_\be_\br_\b-
+ _\br_\ba_\bi_\bn for those radial paths.
+
+S\bSE\bET\bTT\bTI\bIN\bNG\bG T\bTH\bHE\bE M\bMA\bAX\bXI\bIM\bMU\bUM\bM S\bSI\bIZ\bZE\bE O\bOF\bF A\bAN\bN A\bAN\bNA\bAL\bLY\bYS\bSI\bIS\bS R\bRE\bEG\bGI\bIO\bON\bN
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! reads SDF files into a series of memory "slots" as
+ required within the structure of the program. Each "slot"
+ holds one SDF file. Each SDF file represents a one degree
+ by one degree region of terrain. A _\b#_\bd_\be_\bf_\bi_\bn_\be _\bM_\bA_\bX_\bS_\bL_\bO_\bT_\bS
+ statement in the first several lines of _\bs_\bp_\bl_\ba_\bt_\b._\bc_\bp_\bp sets the
+ maximum number of "slots" available for topography data.
+ It also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps gen-
+ erated by S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!. MAXSLOTS is set to 9 by default. If
+ S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! produces a segmentation fault on start-up with this
+ default, it is an indication that not enough RAM and/or
+ virtual memory (swap space) are available to run S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b!
+ with this number of MAXSLOTS. In this case, MAXSLOTS may
+ be reduced to 4, although this will greatly limit the max-
+ imum region S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! will be able to analyze. If 118
+ megabytes or more of total memory (swap space plus RAM) is
+ available, then MAXSLOTS may be increased to 16. This
+ will permit operation over a 4-degree by 4-degree region,
+ which is sufficient for single antenna heights in excess
+ of 10,000 feet above mean sea level, or point-to-point
+ distances of over 1000 miles.
+
+A\bAD\bDD\bDI\bIT\bTI\bIO\bON\bNA\bAL\bL I\bIN\bNF\bFO\bOR\bRM\bMA\bAT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
+ Invoking S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! without any arguments will display all the
+ command-line options available with the program along with
+ a brief summary of each.
+
+ The latest news and information regarding S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! software
+ is available through the official S\bSP\bPL\bLA\bAT\bT!\b! software web page
+ located at: _\bh_\bt_\bt_\bp_\b:_\b/_\b/_\bw_\bw_\bw_\b._\bq_\bs_\bl_\b._\bn_\be_\bt_\b/_\bk_\bd_\b2_\bb_\bd_\b/_\bs_\bp_\bl_\ba_\bt_\b._\bh_\bt_\bm_\bl.
+
+F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
+ $HOME/.splat_path
+ User-generated file containing the default path to
+ the directory containing the SDF data files.
+
+ splat.lrp
+ Default Longley-Rice model parameters.
+
+A\bAU\bUT\bTH\bHO\bOR\bRS\bS
+ John A. Magliacane, KD2BD <_\bk_\bd_\b2_\bb_\bd_\b@_\ba_\bm_\bs_\ba_\bt_\b._\bo_\br_\bg>
+ Creator, Lead Developer
+
+ Doug McDonald <_\bm_\bc_\bd_\bo_\bn_\ba_\bl_\bd_\b@_\bs_\bc_\bs_\b._\bu_\bi_\bu_\bc_\b._\be_\bd_\bu>
+ Longley-Rice Model integration
+
+
+
+KD2BD Software 20 January 2004 SPLAT!(1)
--- /dev/null
+.TH SPLAT! 1 "20 January 2004" "KD2BD Software" "KD2BD Software"
+.SH NAME
+splat \- A \fBS\fPignal \fBP\fPropagation, \fBL\fPoss, \fBA\fPnd \fBT\fPerrain analysis tool
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+splat [-t \fItransmitter_site.qth\fP]
+[-r \fIreceiver_site.qth\fP]
+[-c \fIrx_antenna_height_for_los_coverage_analysis (feet) (float)\fP]
+[-L \fIrx_antenna_height_for_Longley-Rice_coverage_analysis (feet) (float)\fP]
+[-p \fIterrain_profile.ext\fP]
+[-e \fIelevation_profile.ext\fP]
+[-h \fIheight_profile.ext\fP]
+[-l \fILongley-Rice_profile.ext\fP]
+[-o \fItopographic_map_filename.ppm\fP]
+[-b \fIcartographic_boundary_filename.dat\fP]
+[-s \fIsite/city_database.dat\fP]
+[-d \fIsdf_directory_path\fP]
+[-m \fIearth_radius_multiplier (float)\fP]
+[-R \fImaximum_coverage_range (for -c or -L) (miles) (float)\fP]
+[-n]
+[-N]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fBSPLAT!\fP is a simple, yet powerful terrain analysis tool written
+for Unix and Linux-based workstations. \fBSPLAT!\fP is free software.
+Redistribution and/or modification is permitted under the terms of the
+GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
+either version 2 of the License or any later version. Adoption of
+\fBSPLAT!\fP source code in proprietary or closed-source applications
+is a violation of this license, and is \fBstrictly\fP forbidden.
+
+\fBSPLAT!\fP is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+.SH INTRODUCTION
+\fBSPLAT!\fP is a terrestrial RF propagation analysis tool for the
+spectrum between 20 MHz and 20 GHz, and provides information of
+interest to communication system designers and site engineers.
+\fBSPLAT!\fP determines great circle distances and bearings between
+sites, antenna elevation angles (uptilt), depression angles
+(downtilt), antenna height above mean sea level, antenna height
+above average terrain, bearings and distances to known obstructions,
+Longley-Rice path loss, and minimum antenna height requirements
+needed to establish line-of-sight communication paths absent of
+obstructions due to terrain. \fBSPLAT!\fP produces reports, graphs,
+and highly detailed and carefully annotated topographic maps depicting
+line-of-sight paths, path loss, and expected coverage areas of
+transmitters and repeater systems. When performing line-of-sight
+analysis in situations where multiple transmitter or repeater sites
+are employed, \fBSPLAT!\fP determines individual and mutual areas
+of coverage within the network specified.
+
+\fBSPLAT!\fP operates in two modes: \fIpoint-to-point mode\fP, and
+\fIarea prediction mode\fP. These modes may be invoked using either
+line-of-sight (LOS) or Irregular Terrain (ITM) propagation models.
+True Earth, four-thirds Earth, or any other Earth radius may be
+specified by the user when performing line-of-sight analysis.
+.SH INPUT FILES
+\fBSPLAT!\fP is a command-line driven application, and reads input
+data through a number of data files. Each has its own format. Some
+files are mandatory for successful execution of the program, while
+others are optional. Mandatory files include SPLAT Data Files (SDF
+files), site location files (QTH files), and Longley-Rice model
+parameter files (LRP files). Optional files include city/site
+location files, and cartographic boundary files.
+.SH SPLAT DATA FILES
+\fBSPLAT!\fP imports topographic data in the form of SPLAT Data Files
+(SDFs) that may be generated from a number of information sources. In
+the United States, SPLAT Data Files are most often derived from U.S.
+Geological Survey Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) using the \fBusgs2sdf\fP
+utility included with \fBSPLAT!\fP. USGS Digital Elevation Models
+compatible with this utility are available at no cost via the Internet at:
+\fIhttp://edcsgs9.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_demfig/index1m.html\fP.
+
+SPLAT Data Files contain topographic elevations to the nearest meter
+above mean sea level for 1-degree by 1-degree regions of the earth with
+a resolution of 3-arc seconds. SDF files can be read in either standard
+format (\fI.sdf\fP) as generated by the \fBusgs2sdf\fP utility, or in
+bzip2 compressed format (\fI.sdf.bz2\fP). Since uncompressed files can
+be slightly faster to load than compressed files, \fBSPLAT!\fP searches
+for the needed SDF data in uncompressed format first. If such data cannot
+located, then \fBSPLAT!\fP tries to read the data in bzip2 compressed
+format. If no compressed SDF files can be found for the region requested,
+\fBSPLAT!\fP assumes the region is over water or outside the United States,
+and will assign an elevation of sea-level to these areas. This feature
+of \fBSPLAT!\fP makes it possible to perform path analysis not only over
+land, but also between coastal areas not represented by USGS Digital
+Elevation Model Data since they are devoid of any land masses. However,
+this behavior of \fBSPLAT!\fP underscores the importance of having all
+the SDF files required for the region being analyzed if meaningful
+results are to be expected.
+.SH SITE LOCATION (QTH) FILES
+\fBSPLAT!\fP imports site location information of transmitter and receiver
+sites analyzed by the program from ASCII files having a \fI.qth\fP extension.
+QTH files contain the site's name, the site's latitude (in degrees North),
+the site's longitude (in degrees West), and the site's antenna height
+above ground level (AGL). A single line-feed character separates each
+field. The antenna height is assumed to be specified in feet unless
+followed by the letter \fIm\fP or the word \fImeters\fP in either upper
+or lower case. Latitude and longitude information may be expressed in
+either decimal format (74.6889) or degree, minute, second (DMS)
+format (74 41 20.0).
+
+For example, a site location file describing television station WNJT,
+Trenton, NJ (\fIwnjt.qth\fP) might read as follows:
+\fC
+ WNJT
+ 40.2833
+ 74.6889
+ 990.00
+\fR
+Each transmitter and receiver site analyzed by \fBSPLAT!\fP must be
+represented by its own site location (QTH) file.
+.SH LONGLEY-RICE PARAMETER (LRP) FILES
+\fBSPLAT!\fP imports Longley-Rice model parameter data from files having
+the same base name as the transmitter site QTH file, but carrying a \fI.lrp\fP
+extension, thus providing simple and accurate correlation between these
+associated data sets. The format for the Longley-Rice model parameter
+files is as follows (\fIwnjt.lrp\fP):
+\fC
+ 15.000 ; Earth Dielectric Constant (Relative permittivity)
+ 0.005 ; Earth Conductivity (Siemens per meter)
+ 301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant (N-units)
+ 700.000 ; Frequency in MHz (20 MHz to 20 GHz)
+ 5 ; Radio Climate (5 = Continental Temperate)
+ 0 ; Polarization (0 = Horizontal, 1 = Vertical)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of situations (50% of locations)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of time (50% of the time)
+\fR
+If an LRP file corresponding to the tx_site QTH file cannot
+be found, \fBSPLAT!\fP scans the current working directory for
+the file "splat.lrp". If this file cannot be found, then the default
+parameters listed above will be assigned by \fBSPLAT!\fP and a
+corresponding "splat.lrp" file containing this data will be written
+to the current working directory.
+
+Typical Earth dielectric constants and conductivity values are as
+follows:
+\fC
+ Dielectric Constant Conductivity
+ Salt water : 80 5.000
+ Good ground : 25 0.020
+ Fresh water : 80 0.010
+ Marshy land : 12 0.007
+ Farmland, forest : 15 0.005
+ Average ground : 15 0.005
+ Mountain, sand : 13 0.002
+ City : 5 0.001
+ Poor ground : 4 0.001
+\fR
+Radio climate codes used by \fBSPLAT!\fP are as follows:
+\fC
+ 1: Equatorial (Congo)
+ 2: Continental Subtropical (Sudan)
+ 3: Maritime Subtropical (West coast of Africa)
+ 4: Desert (Sahara)
+ 5: Continental Temperate
+ 6: Maritime Temperate, over land (UK and west coasts of US & EU)
+ 7: Maritime Temperate, over sea
+\fR
+The Continental Temperate climate is common to large land masses in
+the temperate zone, such as the United States. For paths shorter than
+100 km, there is little difference between Continental and Maritime
+Temperate climates.
+
+The final two parameters in the \fI.lrp\fP file correspond to the statistical
+analysis provided by the Longley-Rice model. In this example, \fBSPLAT!\fP
+will return the maximum path loss occurring 50% of the time (fraction
+of time) in 50% of situations (fraction of situations). Use a fraction
+of time parameter of 0.97 for digital television, 0.50 for analog in the
+United States. Isotropic antennas are assumed.
+
+For further information on these parameters, see:
+\fIhttp://elbert.its.bldrdoc.gov/itm.html\fP and
+\fIhttp://www.softwright.com/faq/engineering/prop_longley_rice.html\fP
+.SH CITY LOCATION FILES
+The names and locations of cities, tower sites, or other points of interest
+may imported and be plotted on topographic maps generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP.
+\fBSPLAT!\fP imports the names of cities and locations from ASCII files
+containing the location's name, the location's latitude, and the location's
+longitude. Each field is separated by a comma. Each record is separated
+by a single line feed character. As was the case with the \fI.qth\fP
+files, latitude and longitude information may be entered in either
+decimal or degree, minute, second (DMS) format.
+
+For example (\fIcities.dat\fP):
+\fC
+ Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506
+ Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892
+ Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908
+ Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924
+ Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580
+ Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310
+ Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665
+\fR
+A total of five separate city data files may be imported at a time.
+There is no limit to the size of these files. \fBSPLAT!\fP reads city
+data sequentially, and plots only those locations whose positions do
+not conflict with previously plotted locations when generating
+topographic maps.
+
+City data files may be generated manually using any text editor,
+imported from other sources, or derived from data available from the
+U.S. Census Bureau using the \fBcitydecoder\fP utility included with
+\fBSPLAT!\fP. Such data is available free of charge via the Internet
+at: \fIhttp://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/bdy_files.html\fP, and must
+be in ASCII format.
+.SH CARTOGRAPHIC BOUNDARY DATA FILES
+Cartographic boundary data may also be imported to plot the boundaries of
+cities, counties, or states on topographic maps generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP.
+Such data must be of the form of ARC/INFO Ungenerate (ASCII Format)
+Metadata Cartographic Boundary Files, and are available from the U.S.
+Census Bureau via the Internet at:
+\fIhttp://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/co2000.html#ascii\fP and
+\fIhttp://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/pl2000.html#ascii\fP. A total of
+five separate cartographic boundary files may be imported at a time.
+It is not necessary to import state boundaries if county boundaries
+have already been imported.
+.SH PROGRAM OPERATION
+\fBSPLAT!\fP is invoked via the command-line using a series of switches
+and arguments. Since \fBSPLAT!\fP is a CPU and memory intensive application,
+this type of interface minimizes overhead, and also lends itself well to
+scripted operations. \fBSPLAT!\fP's CPU and memory scheduling priority
+may be adjusted through the use of the Unix \fBnice\fP command.
+
+The number and type of switches passed to \fBSPLAT!\fP determine its
+mode of operation and method of output data generation. Nearly all
+of \fBSPLAT!\fP's switches may be cascaded in any order on the command
+line when invoking the program to include all the features described
+by those switches when performing an analysis.
+.SH POINT-TO-POINT ANALYSIS
+\fBSPLAT!\fP may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analysis
+between two specified site locations. For example:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth\fR
+
+invokes a terrain analysis between the transmitter specified
+in \fItx_site.qth\fP and receiver specified in \fIrx_site.qth\fP,
+and writes a \fBSPLAT!\fP Obstruction Report to the current working
+directory. The report contains details of the transmitter and
+receiver sites, and identifies the location of any obstructions
+detected during the analysis. If an obstruction can be cleared
+by raising the receive antenna to a greater altitude, \fBSPLAT!\fP
+will indicate the minimum antenna height required for a line-of-sight
+path to exist between the transmitter and receiver locations specified.
+If the antenna must be raised a significant amount, this determination
+may take some time.
+
+\fI.qth\fP extensions are assumed by \fBSPLAT!\fP for QTH files, and
+are optional when invoking the program. \fBSPLAT!\fP automatically
+reads all SPLAT Data Files necessary to conduct the terrain analysis
+between the sites specified. By default, the location of SDF files
+is assumed to be in the current working directory unless a
+".splat_path" file is present under the user's home directory.
+If this file is present, it must contain the full directory path to
+the location of all the SDF files required by \fBSPLAT!\fP to perform
+its analysis for the region containing the transmitter and receiver
+sites specified. The path in this file must be of the form of a
+single line of ASCII text:
+
+\fC/opt/splat/sdf/\fR
+
+and may be generated with any text editor. The default path specified
+in the \fI$HOME/.splat_path\fP file may be overridden at any time using
+the \fI-d\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/\fR
+
+A graph of the terrain profile between the receiver and transmitter
+locations as a function of distance from the receiver can be generated
+by adding the \fI-p\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.gif\fR
+
+\fBSPLAT!\fP invokes \fBgnuplot\fP when generating graphs. The filename
+extension specified to \fBSPLAT!\fP determines the format of the graph
+produced. \fI.gif\fP will produce a 640x480 color GIF graphic file,
+while \fI.ps\fP or \fI.postscript\fP will produce postscript output.
+Output in formats such as PNG, Adobe Illustrator, AutoCAD dxf, LaTeX,
+and many others are available. Please consult \fBgnuplot\fP, and
+\fBgnuplot\fP's documentation for details on all the supported
+output formats.
+
+A graph of elevations subtended by the terrain between the receiver and
+transmitter as a function of distance from the receiver can be generated
+by using the \fI-e\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.gif\fR
+
+The graph produced using this switch illustrates the elevation and
+depression angles resulting from the terrain between the receiver's
+location and the transmitter site from the perspective of the receiver's
+location. A second trace is plotted between the left side of the graph
+(receiver's location) and the location of the transmitting antenna on
+the right. This trace illustrates the elevation angle required for a
+line-of-sight path to exist between the receiver and transmitter
+locations. If the trace intersects the elevation profile at any point
+on the graph, then this is an indication that a line-of-sight path
+does not exist under the conditions given, and the obstructions can
+be clearly identified on the graph at the point(s) of intersection.
+
+A graph illustrating terrain height referenced to a line-of-sight
+path between the transmitter and receiver may be generated using
+the \fI-h\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.gif\fR
+
+The Earth's curvature is clearly evident when plotting height profiles.
+
+A graph showing Longley-Rice path loss may be plotted using the
+\fI-l\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.gif\fR
+
+When performing path loss profiles, a Longley-Rice Model Path Loss
+Report is generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP in the form of a text file with
+a \fI.lro\fP filename extension. The report contains bearings and
+distances between the transmitter and receiver, as well as the
+Longley-Rice path loss for various distances between the transmitter
+and receiver locations. The mode of propagation for points along the
+path are given as \fILine-of-Sight\fP, \fISingle Horizon\fP, \fIDouble
+Horizon\fP, \fIDiffraction Dominant\fP, and \fITroposcatter Dominant\fP.
+
+To determine the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio at remote location
+where random Johnson (thermal) noise is the primary limiting
+factor in reception:
+
+.EQ
+SNR = T - NJ - L + G - NF
+.EN
+
+where \fBT\fP is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW, \fBNJ\fP is
+Johnson Noise in dBW (-136 dBW for a 6 MHz TV channel), \fBL\fP
+is the path loss provided by \fBSPLAT!\fP in dB (as a \fIpositive\fP
+number), \fBG\fP is the receive antenna gain in dB over isotropic,
+and \fBNF\fP is the receiver noise figure in dB.
+
+\fBT\fP may be computed as follows:
+
+.EQ
+T = TI + GT
+.EN
+
+where \fBTI\fP is actual amount of RF power delivered to the transmitting
+antenna in dBW, \fBGT\fP is the transmitting antenna gain (over isotropic)
+in the direction of the receiver (or the horizon if the receiver is over
+the horizon).
+
+To compute how much more signal is available over the minimum to
+necessary to achieve a specific signal-to-noise ratio:
+
+.EQ
+Signal_Margin = SNR - S
+.EN
+
+where \fBS\fP is the minimum desired SNR ratio (15.5 dB for
+ATSC DTV, 42 dB for analog NTSC television).
+
+A topographic map may be generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP to visualize the
+path between the transmitter and receiver sites from yet another
+perspective. Topographic maps generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP display
+elevations using a logarithmic grayscale, with higher elevations
+represented through brighter shades of gray. The dynamic range of
+the image is scaled between the highest and lowest elevations present
+in the map. The only exception to this is sea-level, which is
+represented in blue.
+
+\fBSPLAT!\fP generated topographic maps are 24-bit TrueColor Portable
+PixMap (PPM) images, and may be viewed, edited, or converted to other
+graphic formats by popular image viewing applications such as \fBxv\fP,
+\fBThe GIMP\fP, \fBImageMagick\fP, and \fBXPaint\fP. PNG format is
+highly recommended for lossless compressed storage of \fBSPLAT!\fP
+generated topographic output files. An excellent command-line utility
+capable of converting \fBSPLAT!\fP PPM graphic files to PNG files is
+\fBwpng\fP, and is available
+at: \fIhttp://www.libpng.org/pub/png/book/sources.html\fP. As a last
+resort, PPM files may be compressed using the bzip2 utility, and read
+directly by \fBThe GIMP\fP in this format. Topographic output
+is specified using the \fI-o\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm\fR
+
+The \fI.ppm\fP extension on the output filename is assumed by
+\fBSPLAT!\fP, and is optional.
+
+In this example, \fItopo_map.ppm\fP will illustrate the locations of the
+transmitter and receiver sites specified. In addition, the great circle
+path between the two sites will be drawn over locations for which an
+unobstructed path exists to the transmitter at a receiving antenna
+height equal to that of the receiver site (specified in \fIrx_site.qth\fP).
+
+It may desirable to populate the topographic map with names and locations
+of cities, tower sites, or other important locations. A city file may be
+passed to \fBSPLAT!\fP using the \fI-s\fP switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map\fR
+
+Up to five separate city files may be passed to \fBSPLAT!\fP at a time
+following the \fI-s\fP switch.
+
+County and state boundaries may be added to the map by specifying up
+to five U.S. Census Bureau cartographic boundary files using the \fI-b\fP
+switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map\fR
+
+In situations where multiple transmitter sites are in use, as many as
+four site locations may be passed to \fBSPLAT!\fP at a time for analysis:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p profile.gif\fR
+
+In this example, four separate terrain profiles and obstruction reports
+will be generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP. A single topographic map can be
+specified using the \fI-o\fP switch, and line-of-sight paths between
+each transmitter and the receiver site indicated will be produced on
+the map, each in its own color. The path between the first transmitter
+specified to the receiver will be in green, the path between the
+second transmitter and the receiver will be in cyan, the path between
+the third transmitter and the receiver will be in violet, and the
+path between the fourth transmitter and the receiver will be in sienna.
+.SH DETERMINING REGIONAL COVERAGE
+\fBSPLAT!\fP can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or network
+of sites, and predict the regional coverage for each site specified.
+In this mode, \fBSPLAT!\fP can generate a topographic map displaying
+the geometric line-of-sight coverage area of the sites based on the
+location of each site, and the height of receive antenna wishing to
+communicate with the site in question. \fBSPLAT!\fP switches from
+point-to-point analysis mode to area prediction mode when the \fI-c\fP
+switch is invoked as follows:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o tx_coverage\fR
+
+In this example, \fBSPLAT!\fP generates a topographic map called
+\fItx_coverage.ppm\fP that illustrates the predicted line-of-sight
+regional coverage of \fItx_site\fP to receiving locations having
+antennas 30.0 feet above ground level (AGL). The contents of
+\fIcities.dat\fP are plotted on the map, as are the cartographic
+boundaries contained in the file \fIco34_d00.dat\fP.
+
+When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of regional coverage,
+\fBSPLAT!\fP by default does not account for the effects of
+atmospheric bending. However, this behavior may be modified
+by using the Earth radius multiplier (\fI-m\fP) switch:
+
+\fCsplat -t wnjt -c 30.0 -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b counties.dat -o map.ppm\fR
+
+An earth radius multiplier of 1.333 instructs \fBSPLAT!\fP to use
+the "four-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight propagation analysis.
+Any appropriate earth radius multiplier may be selected by the user.
+
+When invoked in area prediction mode, \fBSPLAT!\fP generates a
+site report for each station analyzed. \fBSPLAT!\fP site reports
+contain details of the site's geographic location, its height above
+mean sea level, the antenna's height above mean sea level, the
+antenna's height above average terrain, and the height of the
+average terrain calculated in the directions of 0, 45, 90, 135,
+180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees azimuth.
+
+If the \fI-c\fP switch is replaced by a \fI-L\fP switch, a
+Longley-Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be generated:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o path_loss_map\fR
+
+In this mode, \fBSPLAT!\fP generates a multi-color map illustrating
+expected signal levels (path loss) in areas surrounding the transmitter
+site. A legend at the bottom of the map correlates each color with a
+specific path loss level in decibels. Since Longley-Rice area
+prediction map generation is quite CPU intensive, provision for
+limiting the analysis range is provided by the \fI-R\fP switch.
+The argument must be given in miles. If a range wider than the
+generated topographic map is specified, \fBSPLAT!\fP will perform
+Longley-Rice path loss calculations between all four corners of
+the area prediction map.
+.SH DETERMINING MULTIPLE REGIONS OF COVERAGE
+\fBSPLAT!\fP can also display line-of-sight coverage areas for as
+many as four separate transmitter sites on a common topographic map.
+For example:
+
+\fCsplat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 30.0 -o network.ppm\fR
+
+plots the regional line-of-sight coverage of site1, site2, site3,
+and site4 based on a receive antenna located 30.0 feet above ground
+level. A topographic map is then written to the file \fInetwork.ppm\fP.
+The line-of-sight coverage area of the transmitters are plotted as
+follows in the colors indicated (along with their corresponding RGB
+values in decimal):
+\fC
+ site1: Green (0,255,0)
+ site2: Cyan (0,255,255)
+ site3: Medium Violet (147,112,219)
+ site4: Sienna 1 (255,130,71)
+
+ site1 + site2: Yellow (255,255,0)
+ site1 + site3: Pink (255,192,203)
+ site1 + site4: Green Yellow (173,255,47)
+ site2 + site3: Orange (255,165,0)
+ site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 (193,255,193)
+ site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise (0,206,209)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green (0,100,0)
+ site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond (255,235,205)
+ site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green (0,250,154)
+ site2 + site3 + site4: Tan (210,180,140)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 (238,201,0)
+\fR
+If separate \fI.qth\fP files are generated, each representing a common
+site location but a different antenna height, a single topographic map
+illustrating the regional coverage from as many as four separate locations
+on a single tower may be generated by \fBSPLAT!\fP.
+.SH TOPOGRAPHIC MAP GENERATION
+In certain situations, it may be desirable to generate a topographic map
+of a region without plotting coverage areas, line-of-sight paths, or
+generating obstruction reports. There are several ways of doing this.
+If one wishes to generate a topographic map illustrating the location
+of a transmitter and receiver site along with a brief text report
+describing the locations and distances between the sites, the \fI-n\fP
+switch should be invoked as follows:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm\fR
+
+If no text report is desired, then the \fI-N\fP switch is used:
+
+\fCsplat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm\fR
+
+If the \fI-o\fP switch and output filename are omitted when using
+either the \fI-n\fP or \fI-N\fP switches, output is written to a
+file named \fImap.ppm\fP in the current working directory by default.
+.SH DETERMINATION OF ANTENNA HEIGHT ABOVE AVERAGE TERRAIN
+\fBSPLAT!\fP determines antenna height above average terrain (HAAT)
+according to the procedure defined by Federal Communications Commission
+Part 73.313(d). According to this definition, terrain elevations along
+eight radials between 2 and 10 miles (3 and 16 kilometers) from the site
+being analyzed are sampled and averaged for each 45 degrees of azimuth
+starting with True North. If one or more radials lie entirely over water,
+or over land outside the United States (areas for which no USGS topography
+data is available), then those radials are omitted from the calculation
+of average terrain. If part of a radial extends over a body of water or
+over land outside the United States, then only that part of the radial
+lying over United States land is used in the determination of average
+terrain.
+
+When performing point-to-point terrain analysis, \fBSPLAT!\fP determines
+the antenna height above average terrain only if enough topographic
+data has already been loaded by the program to perform the point-to-point
+analysis. In most cases, this will be true, unless the site in question
+does not lie within 10 miles of the boundary of the topography data in
+memory.
+
+When performing area prediction analysis, enough topography data is normally
+loaded by \fBSPLAT!\fP to perform average terrain calculations. Under
+such conditions, \fBSPLAT!\fP will provide the antenna height above
+average terrain as well as the average terrain above mean sea level
+for azimuths of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees, and
+include such information in the site report generated. If one or
+more of the eight radials surveyed fall over water or land outside
+the United States, \fBSPLAT!\fP reports \fINo Terrain\fP for those
+radial paths.
+.SH SETTING THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF AN ANALYSIS REGION
+\fBSPLAT!\fP reads SDF files into a series of memory "slots" as required
+within the structure of the program. Each "slot" holds one SDF file.
+Each SDF file represents a one degree by one degree region of terrain.
+A \fI#define MAXSLOTS\fP statement in the first several lines of
+\fIsplat.cpp\fP sets the maximum number of "slots" available for topography
+data. It also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps generated by
+\fBSPLAT!\fP. MAXSLOTS is set to 9 by default. If \fBSPLAT!\fP produces
+a segmentation fault on start-up with this default, it is an indication
+that not enough RAM and/or virtual memory (swap space) are available to
+run \fBSPLAT!\fP with this number of MAXSLOTS. In this case, MAXSLOTS
+may be reduced to 4, although this will greatly limit the maximum region
+\fBSPLAT!\fP will be able to analyze. If 118 megabytes or more of total
+memory (swap space plus RAM) is available, then MAXSLOTS may be increased
+to 16. This will permit operation over a 4-degree by 4-degree region,
+which is sufficient for single antenna heights in excess of 10,000 feet
+above mean sea level, or point-to-point distances of over 1000 miles.
+.SH ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
+Invoking \fBSPLAT!\fP without any arguments will display all the
+command-line options available with the program along with a brief
+summary of each.
+
+The latest news and information regarding \fBSPLAT!\fP software is
+available through the official \fBSPLAT!\fP software web page located
+at: \fIhttp://www.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html\fP.
+.SH FILES
+.TP
+\fC$HOME/.splat_path\fR
+User-generated file containing the default path to the directory
+containing the SDF data files.
+.TP
+\fCsplat.lrp\fR
+Default Longley-Rice model parameters.
+.SH AUTHORS
+.TP
+John A. Magliacane, KD2BD <\fIkd2bd@amsat.org\fP>
+Creator, Lead Developer
+.TP
+Doug McDonald <\fImcdonald@scs.uiuc.edu\fP>
+Longley-Rice Model integration
--- /dev/null
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+(4: Desert \(Sahara\))156 168 Q(5: Continental Temperate)156 180 Q
+(6: Maritime Temperate, over land \(UK and west coasts of US & EU\))156
+192 Q(7: Maritime Temperate, over sea)156 204 Q F0 1.487
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+(mperate climates.).7 E .379(The \214nal tw)108 276 R 2.879(op)-.1 G
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+.379(\214le correspond to the statistical analysis pro)2.879 F .378
+(vided by the Longle)-.15 F(y-Rice)-.15 E 2.537(model. In)108 288 R .037
+(this e)2.537 F(xample,)-.15 E F2(SPLA)2.537 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .038(will r\
+eturn the maximum path loss occurring 50% of the time \(fraction of)
+5.037 F .316(time\) in 50% of situations \(fraction of situations\).)108
+300 R .315(Use a fraction of time parameter of 0.97 for digital tele-)
+5.316 F(vision, 0.50 for analog in the United States.)108 312 Q
+(Isotropic antennas are assumed.)5 E -.15(Fo)108 336 S 3.03(rf).15 G .53
+(urther information on these parameters, see:)-3.03 F F3
+(http://elbert.its.bldr)3.03 E(doc.go)-.37 E(v/itm.html)-.1 E F0(and)
+3.03 E F3(http://www)3.03 E(.soft-)-.74 E(wright.com/faq/engineering/pr)
+108 348 Q(op_longle)-.45 E(y_rice)-.3 E(.html)-.15 E/F4 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(CITY LOCA)72 364.8 Q(TION FILES)-1.04 E F0 .807
+(The names and locations of cities, to)108 376.8 R .807
+(wer sites, or other points of interest may imported and be plotted on)
+-.25 F .797(topographic maps generated by)108 388.8 R F2(SPLA)3.297 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A F2(SPLA)5.797 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .797
+(imports the names of cities and locations from ASCII)3.297 F .191
+(\214les containing the location')108 400.8 R 2.691(sn)-.55 G .191
+(ame, the location')-2.691 F 2.691(sl)-.55 G .191
+(atitude, and the location')-2.691 F 2.69(sl)-.55 G 2.69(ongitude. Each)
+-2.69 F .19(\214eld is sepa-)2.69 F .513(rated by a comma.)108 412.8 R
+.513(Each record is separated by a single line feed character)5.513 F
+5.514(.A)-.55 G 3.014(sw)-5.514 G .514(as the case with the)-3.114 F F3
+(.qth)3.014 E F0 .259(\214les, latitude and longitude information may b\
+e entered in either decimal or de)108 424.8 R .258
+(gree, minute, second \(DMS\))-.15 F(format.)108 436.8 Q -.15(Fo)108
+460.8 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample \()-2.65 E F3(cities.dat)A F0(\):)A F1
+(Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506)156 484.8 Q
+(Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892)156 496.8 Q
+(Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908)156 508.8 Q
+(Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924)156 520.8 Q
+(Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580)156 532.8 Q
+(Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310)156 544.8 Q(Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665)
+156 556.8 Q F0 2.74(At)108 580.8 S .24(otal of \214v)-2.74 F 2.74(es)
+-.15 G .24(eparate city data \214les may be imported at a time.)-2.74 F
+.241(There is no limit to the size of these \214les.)5.241 F F2(SPLA)108
+592.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.056(reads city data sequentially)3.556 F 3.556
+(,a)-.65 G 1.055
+(nd plots only those locations whose positions do not con\215ict with)
+-3.556 F(pre)108 604.8 Q
+(viously plotted locations when generating topographic maps.)-.25 E .996
+(City data \214les may be generated manually using an)108 628.8 R 3.496
+(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)-3.496 G 3.496(te).15 G(ditor)-3.496 E 3.496(,i)-.4 G
+.997(mported from other sources, or deri)-3.496 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(d).15 E
+1.535(from data a)108 640.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.535
+(ilable from the U.S. Census Bureau using the).25 F F2(citydecoder)4.035
+E F0 1.535(utility included with)4.035 F F2(SPLA)4.035 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)
+A .152(Such data is a)108 652.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .153
+(ilable free of char).25 F .153(ge via the Internet at:)-.18 F F3
+(http://www)2.653 E(.census.go)-.74 E(v/g)-.1 E
+(eo/www/cob/bdy_\214les.html)-.1 E F0(,)A(and must be in ASCII format.)
+108 664.8 Q F4(CAR)72 681.6 Q -.197(TO)-.438 G(GRAPHIC BOUND).197 E(AR)
+-.383 E 2.738(YD)-.383 G -1.644 -1.04(AT A)-3.121 H(FILES)3.778 E F0
+1.17(Cartographic boundary data may also be imported to plot the bounda\
+ries of cities, counties, or states on)108 693.6 R .071
+(topographic maps generated by)108 705.6 R F2(SPLA)2.571 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+5.071(.S)C .071
+(uch data must be of the form of ARC/INFO Ungenerate \(ASCII)-5.071 F
+-.15(Fo)108 717.6 S 1.262
+(rmat\) Metadata Cartographic Boundary Files, and are a).15 F -.25(va)
+-.2 G 1.262(ilable from the U.S.).25 F 1.262(Census Bureau via the)6.262
+F 48.573(Internet at:)108 729.6 R F3(http://www)51.073 E(.census.go)-.74
+E(v/g)-.1 E(eo/www/cob/co2000.html#ascii)-.1 E F0(and)51.074 E
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(3)195.95 E
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+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0
+SF(http://www)108 84 Q(.census.go)-.74 E(v/g)-.1 E
+(eo/www/cob/pl2000.html#ascii)-.1 E F0 5.008(.A)C .008(total of \214v)
+-2.5 F 2.507(es)-.15 G .007(eparate cartographic boundary \214les)-2.507
+F .196(may be imported at a time.)108 96 R .196
+(It is not necessary to import state boundaries if county boundaries ha)
+5.196 F .497 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(lready).15 E(been imported.)108 108 Q/F2
+10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 124.8 Q(OGRAM OPERA)-.329 E(TION)-1.04 E/F3
+10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)108 136.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.03(is in)3.53 F -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.53(dv).1 G 1.03
+(ia the command-line using a series of switches and ar)-3.53 F 3.53
+(guments. Since)-.18 F F3(SPLA)3.53 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.03(is a)3.53 F .023
+(CPU and memory intensi)108 148.8 R .323 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .023
+(pplication, this type of interf).15 F .023(ace minimizes o)-.1 F -.15
+(ve)-.15 G .024(rhead, and also lends itself well).15 F .106
+(to scripted operations.)108 160.8 R F3(SPLA)5.106 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.206
+-.55('s C)D .106
+(PU and memory scheduling priority may be adjusted through the use of)
+.55 F(the Unix)108 172.8 Q F3(nice)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .225
+(The number and type of switches passed to)108 196.8 R F3(SPLA)2.725 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .226(determine its mode of operation and method of output)
+2.725 F .008(data generation.)108 208.8 R .008(Nearly all of)5.008 F F3
+(SPLA)2.508 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.108 -.55('s s)D .008
+(witches may be cascaded in an).55 F 2.507(yo)-.15 G .007
+(rder on the command line when)-2.507 F(in)108 220.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(kin\
+g the program to include all the features described by those switches w\
+hen performing an analysis.).2 E F2(POINT)72 237.6 Q(-T)-1.007 E
+(O-POINT AN)-.197 E(AL)-.219 E(YSIS)-1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 249.6 Q(T!)-.95
+E F0 1.224
+(may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analysis between tw)3.724
+F 3.725(os)-.1 G 1.225(peci\214ed site locations.)-3.725 F -.15(Fo)6.225
+G(r).15 E -.15(ex)108 261.6 S(ample:).15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth)108 285.6 Q F0(in)108 309.6 Q -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.833(sat).1 G 3.332
+(errain analysis between the transmitter speci\214ed in)-5.833 F F1
+(tx_site)5.832 E(.qth)-.15 E F0 3.332(and recei)5.832 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+5.832(rs).15 G 3.332(peci\214ed in)-5.832 F F1(rx_site)108 321.6 Q(.qth)
+-.15 E F0 2.858(,a)C .358(nd writes a)-2.858 F F3(SPLA)2.858 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0 .359(Obstruction Report to the current w)2.858 F .359
+(orking directory)-.1 F 5.359(.T)-.65 G .359(he report contains)-5.359 F
+.767(details of the transmitter and recei)108 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.267(rs).15 G .767(ites, and identi\214es the location of an)-3.267 F
+3.266(yo)-.15 G .766(bstructions detected during)-3.266 F .627
+(the analysis.)108 345.6 R .628
+(If an obstruction can be cleared by raising the recei)5.627 F .928 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .628(ntenna to a greater altitude,).15 F F3(SPLA)3.128 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .573(will indicate the minimum antenna height required fo\
+r a line-of-sight path to e)108 357.6 R .572
+(xist between the transmitter)-.15 F .201(and recei)108 369.6 R -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.701(rl).15 G .201(ocations speci\214ed.)-2.701 F .201(If the a\
+ntenna must be raised a signi\214cant amount, this determination may)
+5.201 F(tak)108 381.6 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ome time.)-2.5 E .694
+(are optional when in)108 405.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .694(king the program.).2
+F F3(SPLA)5.694 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .693(automatically reads all SPLA)3.194 F
+3.193(TD)-1.11 G .693(ata Files necessary to)-3.193 F .289
+(conduct the terrain analysis between the sites speci\214ed.)108 417.6 R
+.289(By def)5.289 F .29(ault, the location of SDF \214les is assumed to)
+-.1 F .307(be in the current w)108 429.6 R .307(orking directory unless\
+ a ".splat_path" \214le is present under the user')-.1 F 2.807(sh)-.55 G
+.307(ome directory)-2.807 F 5.307(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.307 E 1.087(this \214l\
+e is present, it must contain the full directory path to the location o\
+f all the SDF \214les required by)108 441.6 R F3(SPLA)108 453.6 Q(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .738(to perform its analysis for the re)3.238 F .737
+(gion containing the transmitter and recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.237
+(rs).15 G .737(ites speci\214ed.)-3.237 F(The)5.737 E
+(path in this \214le must be of the form of a single line of ASCII te)
+108 465.6 Q(xt:)-.15 E F4(/opt/splat/sdf/)108 489.6 Q F0 .622
+(and may be generated with an)108 513.6 R 3.122(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)-3.122
+G 3.122(te).15 G(ditor)-3.122 E 5.622(.T)-.55 G .622(he def)-5.622 F
+.622(ault path speci\214ed in the)-.1 F F1($HOME/.splat_path)3.122 E F0
+.622(\214le may)3.122 F(be o)108 525.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden at an)
+.15 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(ime using the)-2.5 E F1(-d)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/)108 549.6 Q F0 3.023(Ag)108
+573.6 S .523(raph of the terrain pro\214le between the recei)-3.023 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.023(ra).15 G .523
+(nd transmitter locations as a function of distance from)-3.023 F
+(the recei)108 585.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G
+(an be generated by adding the)-2.5 E F1(-p)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.gif)108 609.6 Q F3(SPLA)
+108 633.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0(in)4.119 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F3
+(gnuplot)4.119 E F0 1.619(when generating graphs.)4.119 F 1.619
+(The \214lename e)6.619 F 1.619(xtension speci\214ed to)-.15 F F3(SPLA)
+4.12 E(T!)-.95 E F0(deter)4.12 E(-)-.2 E .809
+(mines the format of the graph produced.)108 645.6 R F1(.gif)5.809 E F0
+.809(will produce a 640x480 color GIF graphic \214le, while)3.309 F F1
+(.ps)3.308 E F0(or)3.308 E F1(.postscript)108 657.6 Q F0 1.211
+(will produce postscript output.)3.711 F 1.212
+(Output in formats such as PNG, Adobe Illustrator)6.211 F 3.712(,A)-.4 G
+(utoCAD)-3.712 E 1.924(dxf, LaT)108 669.6 R 1.924(eX, and man)-.7 F
+4.424(yo)-.15 G 1.924(thers are a)-4.424 F -.25(va)-.2 G 4.424
+(ilable. Please).25 F(consult)4.424 E F3(gnuplot)4.424 E F0 4.424(,a)C
+(nd)-4.424 E F3(gnuplot)4.424 E F0 3.023 -.55('s d)D 1.923
+(ocumentation for).55 F(details on all the supported output formats.)108
+681.6 Q 3.542(Ag)108 705.6 S 1.042(raph of ele)-3.542 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+1.042(tions subtended by the terrain between the recei).25 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 3.542(ra).15 G 1.043(nd transmitter as a function of dis-)-3.542
+F(tance from the recei)108 717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G
+(an be generated by using the)-2.5 E F1(-e)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(4)195.95 E
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+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.gif)108 84 Q F0 .425
+(The graph produced using this switch illustrates the ele)108 108 R -.25
+(va)-.25 G .424(tion and depression angles resulting from the ter).25 F
+(-)-.2 E .553(rain between the recei)108 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E
+3.053(sl)-.55 G .553
+(ocation and the transmitter site from the perspecti)-3.053 F .854 -.15
+(ve o)-.25 H 3.054(ft).15 G .554(he recei)-3.054 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15
+E 3.054(sl)-.55 G(ocation.)-3.054 E 3.781(As)108 132 S 1.281
+(econd trace is plotted between the left side of the graph \(recei)
+-3.781 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E 3.78(sl)-.55 G 1.28
+(ocation\) and the location of the)-3.78 F .448
+(transmitting antenna on the right.)108 144 R .449
+(This trace illustrates the ele)5.448 F -.25(va)-.25 G .449
+(tion angle required for a line-of-sight path).25 F 1.074(to e)108 156 R
+1.074(xist between the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.574(ra).15 G 1.074
+(nd transmitter locations.)-3.574 F 1.074
+(If the trace intersects the ele)6.074 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.073
+(tion pro\214le at an).25 F(y)-.15 E 1.031(point on the graph, then thi\
+s is an indication that a line-of-sight path does not e)108 168 R 1.032
+(xist under the conditions)-.15 F(gi)108 180 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(n, and th\
+e obstructions can be clearly identi\214ed on the graph at the point\(s\
+\) of intersection.).15 E 3.671(Ag)108 204 S 1.171(raph illustrating te\
+rrain height referenced to a line-of-sight path between the transmitter\
+ and recei)-3.671 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(may be generated using the)
+108 216 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(-h)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F1
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.gif)108 240 Q F0
+(The Earth')108 264 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(urv)-2.5 E(ature is clearly e)-.25 E
+(vident when plotting height pro\214les.)-.25 E 2.5(Ag)108 288 S
+(raph sho)-2.5 E(wing Longle)-.25 E
+(y-Rice path loss may be plotted using the)-.15 E F2(-l)2.5 E F0
+(switch:)2.5 E F1(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.gif)
+108 312 Q F0 .886(When performing path loss pro\214les, a Longle)108 336
+R .886(y-Rice Model P)-.15 F .886(ath Loss Report is generated by)-.15 F
+/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)3.386 E(T!)-.95 E F0(in)3.386 E .755
+(the form of a te)108 348 R .754(xt \214le with a)-.15 F F2(.lr)3.254 E
+(o)-.45 E F0 .754(\214lename e)3.254 F 3.254(xtension. The)-.15 F .754
+(report contains bearings and distances between)3.254 F .535
+(the transmitter and recei)108 360 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.335 -.4(r, a).15 H
+3.035(sw).4 G .536(ell as the Longle)-3.035 F .536
+(y-Rice path loss for v)-.15 F .536(arious distances between the trans-)
+-.25 F .096(mitter and recei)108 372 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.596(rl).15 G
+2.596(ocations. The)-2.596 F .096(mode of propag)2.596 F .095
+(ation for points along the path are gi)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(na)
+.15 G(s)-2.595 E F2(Line-of-Sight)2.595 E F0(,)A F2(Single Horizon)108
+384 Q F0(,)A F2(Double Horizon)2.5 E F0(,)A F2(Dif)2.5 E(fr)-.18 E
+(action Dominant)-.15 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2 -1.85 -.55(Tr o)2.5 H
+(poscatter Dominant).55 E F0(.)A 2.36 -.8(To d)108 408 T .76(etermine t\
+he signal-to-noise \(SNR\) ratio at remote location where random Johnso\
+n \(thermal\) noise is).8 F(the primary limiting f)108 420 Q
+(actor in reception:)-.1 E F2(SNR)108.33 444 Q/F4 10/Symbol SF(=)3.07 E
+F2(T)2.71 E F4(-)3.47 E F2(NJ)2.9 E F4(-)3.17 E F2(L)2.78 E F4(+)2.73 E
+F2(G)2.18 E F4(-)2.7 E F2(NF)2.9 E F0(where)108 468 Q F3(T)3.077 E F0
+.577(is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW)3.077 F(,)-.92 E F3(NJ)3.076 E
+F0 .576(is Johnson Noise in dBW \(-136 dBW for a 6 MHz TV)3.076 F
+(channel\),)108 480 Q F3(L)2.513 E F0 .013(is the path loss pro)2.513 F
+.013(vided by)-.15 F F3(SPLA)2.513 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .014(in dB \(as a)
+2.513 F F2(positive)2.514 E F0(number\),)2.514 E F3(G)2.514 E F0 .014
+(is the recei)2.514 F .314 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .014(ntenna g).15 F(ain)-.05
+E(in dB o)108 492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(sotropic, and)-2.5 E F3
+(NF)2.5 E F0(is the recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rn).15 G
+(oise \214gure in dB.)-2.5 E F3(T)108 516 Q F0(may be computed as follo)
+2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2(T)107.91 540 Q F4(=)4.07 E F2(TI)2.71 E F4(+)3.21 E
+F2(GT)2.18 E F0(where)108 564 Q F3(TI)3.055 E F0 .555
+(is actual amount of RF po)3.055 F .555(wer deli)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+.555(red to the transmitting antenna in dBW).15 F(,)-.92 E F3(GT)3.055 E
+F0 .555(is the transmit-)3.055 F .669(ting antenna g)108 576 R .669
+(ain \(o)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.169(ri).15 G .669
+(sotropic\) in the direction of the recei)-3.169 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.17
+(r\().15 G .67(or the horizon if the recei)-3.17 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.17
+(ri).15 G 3.17(so)-3.17 G -.15(ve)-3.32 G 3.17(rt).15 G(he)-3.17 E
+(horizon\).)108 588 Q 1.802 -.8(To c)108 612 T .202(ompute ho).8 F 2.702
+(wm)-.25 G .202(uch more signal is a)-2.702 F -.25(va)-.2 G .202
+(ilable o).25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.702(rt).15 G .202
+(he minimum to necessary to achie)-2.702 F .501 -.15(ve a s)-.25 H .201
+(peci\214c signal-).15 F(to-noise ratio:)108 624 Q F2(Signal)108.33 648
+Q F0(_).51 E F2(Margin).68 E F4(=)3.04 E F2(SNR)3.13 E F4(-)2.47 E F2(S)
+2.53 E F0(where)108 672 Q F3(S)2.5 E F0
+(is the minimum desired SNR ratio \(15.5 dB for A)2.5 E(TSC DTV)-1.11 E
+2.5(,4)-1.29 G 2.5(2d)-2.5 G 2.5(Bf)-2.5 G(or analog NTSC tele)-2.5 E
+(vision\).)-.25 E 2.61(At)108 696 S .11
+(opographic map may be generated by)-2.61 F F3(SPLA)2.611 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+.111(to visualize the path between the transmitter and recei)2.611 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .099(sites from yet another perspecti)108 708 R
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 5.099(.T).15 G .099(opographic maps generated by)-5.899 F
+F3(SPLA)2.598 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .098(display ele)2.598 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+.098(tions using a log-).25 F .335(arithmic grayscale, with higher ele)
+108 720 R -.25(va)-.25 G .335
+(tions represented through brighter shades of gray).25 F 5.336(.T)-.65 G
+.336(he dynamic range)-5.336 F(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F
+(January 2004)2.5 E(5)195.95 E EP
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+(of the image is scaled between the highest and lo)108 84 R .257
+(west ele)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .257(tions present in the map.).25 F
+.257(The only e)5.257 F .257(xception to)-.15 F(this is sea-le)108 96 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(l, which is represented in blue.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(SPLA)108 120 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.241
+(generated topographic maps are 24-bit T)3.74 F 1.241
+(rueColor Portable PixMap \(PPM\) images, and may be)-.35 F(vie)108 132
+Q 1.06(wed, edited, or con)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.06
+(rted to other graphic formats by popular image vie).15 F 1.06
+(wing applications such as)-.25 F F1(xv)3.56 E F0(,)A F1 1.66(The GIMP)
+108 144 R F0(,)A F1(ImageMagick)4.16 E F0 4.16(,a)C(nd)-4.16 E F1(XP)
+4.16 E(aint)-.1 E F0 6.66(.P)C 1.66
+(NG format is highly recommended for lossless compressed)-6.66 F .372
+(storage of)108 156 R F1(SPLA)2.872 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .372
+(generated topographic output \214les.)5.372 F .371(An e)5.372 F .371
+(xcellent command-line utility capable of con-)-.15 F -.15(ve)108 168 S
+(rting).15 E F1(SPLA)12.216 E(T!)-.95 E F0 9.717
+(PPM graphic \214les to PNG \214les is)12.217 F F1(wpng)12.217 E F0
+12.217(,a)C 9.717(nd is a)-12.217 F -.25(va)-.2 G 9.717(ilable at:).25 F
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(http://www)108 180 Q(.libpng)-.74 E(.or)-.15 E
+(g/pub/png/book/sour)-.37 E(ces.html)-.37 E F0 5.153(.A)C 2.653(sal)
+-5.153 G .153(ast resort, PPM \214les may be compressed using the)-2.653
+F .661(bzip2 utility)108 192 R 3.161(,a)-.65 G .661(nd read directly by)
+-3.161 F F1 .662(The GIMP)3.162 F F0 .662(in this format.)3.162 F -.8
+(To)5.662 G .662(pographic output is speci\214ed using the).8 F F2(-o)
+3.162 E F0(switch:)108 204 Q/F3 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm)108 228 Q F0(The)108 252 Q
+F2(.ppm)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G
+(tension on the output \214lename is assumed by).15 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd is optional.)-2.5 E .007(In this e)108 276 R
+(xample,)-.15 E F2(topo_map.ppm)2.507 E F0 .007
+(will illustrate the locations of the transmitter and recei)2.507 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.506(rs).15 G .006(ites speci\214ed.)-2.506 F(In)5.006 E .22
+(addition, the great circle path between the tw)108 288 R 2.72(os)-.1 G
+.22(ites will be dra)-2.72 F .22(wn o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.72(rl).15
+G .22(ocations for which an unobstructed)-2.72 F 1.209(path e)108 300 R
+1.209(xists to the transmitter at a recei)-.15 F 1.209
+(ving antenna height equal to that of the recei)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.709(rs).15 G 1.208(ite \(speci\214ed in)-3.709 F F2(rx_site)108 312 Q
+(.qth)-.15 E F0(\).)A .773(It may desirable to populate the topographic\
+ map with names and locations of cities, to)108 336 R .773
+(wer sites, or other)-.25 F(important locations.)108 348 Q 2.5(Ac)5 G
+(ity \214le may be passed to)-2.5 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+(using the)2.5 E F2(-s)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map)108 372 Q F0
+(Up to \214v)108 396 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G
+(eparate city \214les may be passed to)-2.5 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+(at a time follo)2.5 E(wing the)-.25 E F2(-s)2.5 E F0(switch.)2.5 E .555
+(County and state boundaries may be added to the map by specifying up t\
+o \214v)108 420 R 3.054(eU)-.15 G .554(.S. Census Bureau carto-)-3.054 F
+(graphic boundary \214les using the)108 432 Q F2(-b)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5
+E F3(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map)108 456 Q
+F0 1.063
+(In situations where multiple transmitter sites are in use, as man)108
+480 R 3.563(ya)-.15 G 3.563(sf)-3.563 G 1.064
+(our site locations may be passed to)-3.563 F F1(SPLA)108 492 Q(T!)-.95
+E F0(at a time for analysis:)2.5 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p profile.gif)
+108 516 Q F0 .285(In this e)108 540 R .285(xample, four separate terrai\
+n pro\214les and obstruction reports will be generated by)-.15 F F1
+(SPLA)2.785 E(T!)-.95 E F0 5.285(.A)C(sin-)-2.5 E .508
+(gle topographic map can be speci\214ed using the)108 552 R F2(-o)3.009
+E F0 .509(switch, and line-of-sight paths between each transmitter)3.009
+F .817(and the recei)108 564 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.317(rs).15 G .816
+(ite indicated will be produced on the map, each in its o)-3.317 F .816
+(wn color)-.25 F 5.816(.T)-.55 G .816(he path between the)-5.816 F .766
+(\214rst transmitter speci\214ed to the recei)108 576 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.266(rw).15 G .767
+(ill be in green, the path between the second transmitter and the)-3.266
+F(recei)108 588 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.464(rw).15 G .964(ill be in c)-3.464
+F .964(yan, the path between the third transmitter and the recei)-.15 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.463(rw).15 G .963(ill be in violet, and the)-3.463 F
+(path between the fourth transmitter and the recei)108 600 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.5(rw).15 G(ill be in sienna.)-2.5 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(DETERMINING REGION)72 616.8 Q(AL CO)-.219 E(VERA)-.548 E(GE)-.602 E F1
+(SPLA)108 628.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .098
+(can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or netw)2.598 F .098
+(ork of sites, and predict the re)-.1 F .099(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G .099(rage for).15 F .683(each site speci\214ed.)108 640.8 R .683
+(In this mode,)5.683 F F1(SPLA)3.183 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .682
+(can generate a topographic map displaying the geometric line-)3.183 F
+.031(of-sight co)108 652.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .031(rage area of the sites\
+ based on the location of each site, and the height of recei).15 F .331
+-.15(ve a)-.25 H .032(ntenna wish-).15 F .439
+(ing to communicate with the site in question.)108 664.8 R F1(SPLA)5.439
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 .438(switches from point-to-point analysis mode to area)
+2.939 F(prediction mode when the)108 676.8 Q F2(-c)2.5 E F0
+(switch is in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(da).1 G 2.5(sf)-2.5 G
+(ollo)-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o tx_coverage)
+108 700.8 Q F0 .269(In this e)108 724.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(SPLA)2.769 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .269(generates a topographic map called)2.769 F F2(tx_co)
+2.769 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)-.15 G(.ppm)-.05 E F0 .27
+(that illustrates the predicted)2.769 F(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62
+(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(6)195.95 E EP
+%%Page: 7 7
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E 1.535
+(line-of-sight re)108 84 R 1.535(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.535
+(rage of).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tx_site)4.035 E F0 1.535
+(to recei)4.035 F 1.535(ving locations ha)-.25 F 1.534
+(ving antennas 30.0 feet abo)-.2 F 1.834 -.15(ve g)-.15 H(round).15 E
+(le)108 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.507(l\().15 G -.4(AG)-2.507 G 2.507
+(L\). The).4 F .007(contents of)2.507 F F1(cities.dat)2.507 E F0 .008
+(are plotted on the map, as are the cartographic boundaries contained)
+2.507 F(in the \214le)108 108 Q F1(co34_d00.dat)2.5 E F0(.)A .572
+(When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of re)108 132 R .572
+(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(rage,).15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)
+3.072 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .572(by def)3.072 F .572(ault does not account for)
+-.1 F .031(the ef)108 144 R .032(fects of atmospheric bending.)-.25 F
+(Ho)5.032 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .832 -.4(r, t).15 H .032(his beha)
+.4 F .032(vior may be modi\214ed by using the Earth radius mul-)-.2 F
+(tiplier \()108 156 Q F1(-m)A F0 2.5(\)s)C(witch:)-2.5 E/F3 10/Courier@0
+SF(splat -t wnjt -c 30.0 -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b counties.dat -o map.\
+ppm)108 180 Q F0 .428(An earth radius multiplier)108 204 R .428
+(of 1.333 instructs)5.428 F F2(SPLA)2.928 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .428
+(to use the "four)2.928 F .428(-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight)
+-.2 F(propag)108 216 Q(ation analysis.)-.05 E(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
+(ppropriate earth radius multiplier may be selected by the user)-2.5 E
+(.)-.55 E .201(When in)108 240 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.701(di).1 G
+2.701(na)-2.701 G .201(rea prediction mode,)-2.701 F F2(SPLA)2.701 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .202(generates a site report for each station analyzed.)2.701
+F F2(SPLA)5.202 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .659
+(site reports contain details of the site')108 252 R 3.159(sg)-.55 G
+.659(eographic location, its height abo)-3.159 F .959 -.15(ve m)-.15 H
+.658(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .658(l, the antenna').15 F(s)-.55 E
+.612(height abo)108 264 R .912 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .612(ean sea le).15 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G .612(l, the antenna').15 F 3.112(sh)-.55 G .612
+(eight abo)-3.112 F .912 -.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .613
+(rage terrain, and the height of the a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .613
+(rage ter).15 F(-)-.2 E(rain calculated in the directions of 0, 45, 90,\
+ 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 de)108 276 Q(grees azimuth.)-.15 E .345
+(If the)108 300 R F1(-c)2.845 E F0 .345(switch is replaced by a)2.845 F
+F1(-L)2.844 E F0 .344(switch, a Longle)2.844 F .344
+(y-Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be gen-)-.15 F(erated:)
+108 312 Q F3(splat -t tx_site -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o \
+path_loss_map)108 336 Q F0 .977(In this mode,)108 360 R F2(SPLA)3.477 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .977(generates a multi-color map illustrating e)3.477 F
+.977(xpected signal le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .978
+(ls \(path loss\) in areas).15 F .997(surrounding the transmitter site.)
+108 372 R 3.497(Al)5.997 G -.15(eg)-3.497 G .996
+(end at the bottom of the map correlates each color with a speci\214c)
+.15 F .163(path loss le)108 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.663(li).15 G 2.663
+(nd)-2.663 G 2.663(ecibels. Since)-2.663 F(Longle)2.663 E .163
+(y-Rice area prediction map generation is quite CPU intensi)-.15 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.664(,p).15 G(ro-)-2.664 E .014
+(vision for limiting the analysis range is pro)108 396 R .014
+(vided by the)-.15 F F1(-R)2.514 E F0 2.514(switch. The)2.514 F(ar)2.514
+E .013(gument must be gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.513(ni).15 G 2.513(nm)
+-2.513 G 2.513(iles. If)-2.513 F 3.58(ar)108 408 S 1.08
+(ange wider than the generated topographic map is speci\214ed,)-3.58 F
+F2(SPLA)3.58 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.08(will perform Longle)3.58 F 1.08
+(y-Rice path)-.15 F
+(loss calculations between all four corners of the area prediction map.)
+108 420 Q/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(DETERMINING MUL)72 436.8 Q
+(TIPLE REGIONS OF CO)-1.007 E(VERA)-.548 E(GE)-.602 E F2(SPLA)108 448.8
+Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.087(can also display line-of-sight co)3.587 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G 1.086(rage areas for as man).15 F 3.586(ya)-.15 G 3.586(sf)-3.586
+G 1.086(our separate transmitter sites on a)-3.586 F
+(common topographic map.)108 460.8 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)
+-2.65 E F3(splat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 30.0 -o network.ppm)108
+484.8 Q F0 .686(plots the re)108 508.8 R .687(gional line-of-sight co)
+-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .687
+(rage of site1, site2, site3, and site4 based on a recei).15 F .987 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .687(ntenna located).15 F .277(30.0 feet abo)108 520.8 R
+.577 -.15(ve g)-.15 H .277(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.776(l. A).15
+F .276(topographic map is then written to the \214le)2.776 F F1
+(network.ppm)2.776 E F0 5.276(.T)C .276(he line-of-sight)-5.276 F(co)108
+532.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G .2
+(rage area of the transmitters are plotted as follo).15 F .2
+(ws in the colors indicated \(along with their correspond-)-.25 F
+(ing RGB v)108 544.8 Q(alues in decimal\):)-.25 E F3
+(site1: Green \(0,255,0\))132 568.8 Q(site2: Cyan \(0,255,255\))132
+580.8 Q(site3: Medium Violet \(147,112,219\))132 592.8 Q
+(site4: Sienna 1 \(255,130,71\))132 604.8 Q
+(site1 + site2: Yellow \(255,255,0\))132 628.8 Q
+(site1 + site3: Pink \(255,192,203\))132 640.8 Q
+(site1 + site4: Green Yellow \(173,255,47\))132 652.8 Q
+(site2 + site3: Orange \(255,165,0\))132 664.8 Q
+(site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 \(193,255,193\))132 676.8 Q
+(site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise \(0,206,209\))132 688.8 Q
+(site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green \(0,100,0\))132 712.8 Q
+(site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond \(255,235,205\))132 724.8 Q F0
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(7)195.95 E
+EP
+%%Page: 8 8
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
+(site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green \(0,250,154\))132 84 Q
+(site2 + site3 + site4: Tan \(210,180,140\))132 96 Q
+(site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 \(238,201,0\))132 120 Q F0 .247
+(If separate)108 144 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.qth)2.747 E F0 .247
+(\214les are generated, each representing a common site location b)2.747
+F .247(ut a dif)-.2 F .246(ferent antenna height,)-.25 F 3.535(as)108
+156 S 1.035(ingle topographic map illustrating the re)-3.535 F 1.036
+(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.036(rage from as man).15 F 3.536(ya)
+-.15 G 3.536(sf)-3.536 G 1.036(our separate locations on a)-3.536 F
+(single to)108 168 Q(wer may be generated by)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.197(TO)72
+184.8 S(POGRAPHIC MAP GENERA).197 E(TION)-1.04 E F0 .52(In certain situ\
+ations, it may be desirable to generate a topographic map of a re)108
+196.8 R .519(gion without plotting co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -.2(r-).15 G
+1.006
+(age areas, line-of-sight paths, or generating obstruction reports.)108
+208.8 R 1.007(There are se)6.007 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.007(ral w).15 F
+1.007(ays of doing this.)-.1 F(If)6.007 E .814(one wishes to generate a\
+ topographic map illustrating the location of a transmitter and recei)
+108 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.314(rs).15 G .814(ite along)-3.314 F 1.175
+(with a brief te)108 232.8 R 1.176(xt report describing the locations a\
+nd distances between the sites, the)-.15 F F2(-n)3.676 E F0 1.176
+(switch should be)3.676 F(in)108 244.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5
+(da).1 G 2.5(sf)-2.5 G(ollo)-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm)108 268.8 Q F0(If no te)
+108 292.8 Q(xt report is desired, then the)-.15 E F2(-N)2.5 E F0
+(switch is used:)2.5 E F1
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm)108 316.8 Q F0 .061
+(If the)108 340.8 R F2(-o)2.561 E F0 .061
+(switch and output \214lename are omitted when using either the)2.561 F
+F2(-n)2.56 E F0(or)2.56 E F2(-N)2.56 E F0 .06
+(switches, output is written to)2.56 F 2.5<618c>108 352.8 S(le named)
+-2.5 E F2(map.ppm)2.5 E F0(in the current w)2.5 E
+(orking directory by def)-.1 E(ault.)-.1 E F4(DETERMIN)72 369.6 Q -1.04
+(AT)-.219 G(ION OF ANTENN)1.04 E 2.738(AH)-.219 G(EIGHT ABO)-2.738 E
+(VE A)-.548 E(VERA)-1.588 E(GE TERRAIN)-.602 E F3(SPLA)108 381.6 Q(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .947(determines antenna height abo)3.447 F 1.248 -.15(ve a)
+-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .948(rage terrain \(HAA).15 F .948
+(T\) according to the procedure de\214ned by)-1.11 F .167
+(Federal Communications Commission P)108 393.6 R .167(art 73.313\(d\).)
+-.15 F .166(According to this de\214nition, terrain ele)5.166 F -.25(va)
+-.25 G .166(tions along).25 F .794(eight radials between 2 and 10 miles\
+ \(3 and 16 kilometers\) from the site being analyzed are sampled and)
+108 405.6 R -2.25 -.2(av e)108 417.6 T .614(raged for each 45 de).2 F
+.613(grees of azimuth starting with T)-.15 F .613(rue North.)-.35 F .613
+(If one or more radials lie entirely o)5.613 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E
+-.1(wa)108 429.6 S(ter).1 E 2.911(,o)-.4 G 2.911(ro)-2.911 G -.15(ve)
+-3.061 G 2.911(rl).15 G .411
+(and outside the United States \(areas for which no USGS topograph)
+-2.911 F 2.911(yd)-.05 G .412(ata is a)-2.911 F -.25(va)-.2 G .412
+(ilable\), then).25 F .519
+(those radials are omitted from the calculation of a)108 441.6 R -.15
+(ve)-.2 G .519(rage terrain.).15 F .519(If part of a radial e)5.519 F
+.519(xtends o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.019(rab).15 G .518(ody of)-3.019 F
+-.1(wa)108 453.6 S .012(ter or o).1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.512(rl).15 G .012
+(and outside the United States, then only that part of the radial lying\
+ o)-2.512 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.513(rU).15 G .013(nited States land is)
+-2.513 F(used in the determination of a)108 465.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
+(rage terrain.).15 E .162
+(When performing point-to-point terrain analysis,)108 489.6 R F3(SPLA)
+2.662 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .162(determines the antenna height abo)2.662 F .461
+-.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .161(rage ter).15 F(-)-.2 E .407(rain o\
+nly if enough topographic data has already been loaded by the program t\
+o perform the point-to-point)108 501.6 R 3.712(analysis. In)108 513.6 R
+1.211(most cases, this will be true, unless the site in question does n\
+ot lie within 10 miles of the)3.712 F(boundary of the topograph)108
+525.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.05 G(ata in memory)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E .491
+(When performing area prediction analysis, enough topograph)108 549.6 R
+2.991(yd)-.05 G .492(ata is normally loaded by)-2.991 F F3(SPLA)2.992 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .492(to per)2.992 F(-)-.2 E .807(form a)108 561.6 R -.15
+(ve)-.2 G .807(rage terrain calculations.).15 F .807
+(Under such conditions,)5.807 F F3(SPLA)3.307 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .807
+(will pro)3.307 F .807(vide the antenna height abo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
+-2.25 -.2(av e)108 573.6 T .203(rage terrain as well as the a).2 F -.15
+(ve)-.2 G .203(rage terrain abo).15 F .503 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .203
+(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.704(lf).15 G .204
+(or azimuths of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225,)-2.704 F .162(270, and 315 de)
+108 585.6 R .162
+(grees, and include such information in the site report generated.)-.15
+F .161(If one or more of the eight)5.161 F 1.259(radials surv)108 597.6
+R -.15(ey)-.15 G 1.259(ed f).15 F 1.259(all o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759
+(rw).15 G 1.259(ater or land outside the United States,)-3.859 F F3
+(SPLA)3.76 E(T!)-.95 E F0(reports)3.76 E F2 1.26(No T)3.76 F(err)-.92 E
+(ain)-.15 E F0 1.26(for those)3.76 F(radial paths.)108 609.6 Q F4
+(SETTING THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF AN AN)72 626.4 Q(AL)-.219 E(YSIS REGION)
+-1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 638.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .971(reads SDF \214les into a\
+ series of memory "slots" as required within the structure of the progr\
+am.)3.471 F .508(Each "slot" holds one SDF \214le.)108 650.4 R .508
+(Each SDF \214le represents a one de)5.508 F .508(gree by one de)-.15 F
+.508(gree re)-.15 F .508(gion of terrain.)-.15 F(A)5.508 E F2 1.237
+(#de\214ne MAXSLO)108 662.4 R(TS)-.4 E F0 1.237
+(statement in the \214rst se)3.737 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.237(ral lines of)
+.15 F F2(splat.cpp)3.737 E F0 1.236(sets the maximum number of "slots")
+3.737 F -.2(av)108 674.4 S 2.412(ailable for topograph)-.05 F 4.912(yd)
+-.05 G 4.912(ata. It)-4.912 F 2.412
+(also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps generated by)4.912 F
+F3(SPLA)108 686.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 5.883(.M)C(AXSLO)-5.883 E .883
+(TS is set to 9 by def)-.4 F 3.383(ault. If)-.1 F F3(SPLA)3.382 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .882(produces a se)3.382 F .882(gmentation f)-.15 F .882
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+%%Trailer
+end
+%%EOF
--- /dev/null
+SPLAT!(1) KD2BD Software SPLAT!(1)
+
+
+
+NAME
+ splat - A Signal Propagation, Loss, And Terrain analysis
+ tool
+
+SYNOPSIS
+ splat [-t transmitter_site.qth] [-r receiver_site.qth] [-c
+ rx_antenna_height_for_los_coverage_analysis (feet)
+ (float)] [-L rx_antenna_height_for_Longley-Rice_cover-
+ age_analysis (feet) (float)] [-p terrain_profile.ext] [-e
+ elevation_profile.ext] [-h height_profile.ext] [-l Long-
+ ley-Rice_profile.ext] [-o topographic_map_filename.ppm]
+ [-b cartographic_boundary_filename.dat] [-s
+ site/city_database.dat] [-d sdf_directory_path] [-m
+ earth_radius_multiplier (float)] [-R maximum_cover-
+ age_range (for -c or -L) (miles) (float)] [-n] [-N]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+ SPLAT! is a simple, yet powerful terrain analysis tool
+ written for Unix and Linux-based workstations. SPLAT! is
+ free software. Redistribution and/or modification is per-
+ mitted under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ as published by the Free Software Foundation, either ver-
+ sion 2 of the License or any later version. Adoption of
+ SPLAT! source code in proprietary or closed-source appli-
+ cations is a violation of this license, and is strictly
+ forbidden.
+
+ SPLAT! is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, without even the implied war-
+ ranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-
+ POSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+INTRODUCTION
+ SPLAT! is a terrestrial RF propagation analysis tool for
+ the spectrum between 20 MHz and 20 GHz, and provides
+ information of interest to communication system designers
+ and site engineers. SPLAT! determines great circle dis-
+ tances and bearings between sites, antenna elevation
+ angles (uptilt), depression angles (downtilt), antenna
+ height above mean sea level, antenna height above average
+ terrain, bearings and distances to known obstructions,
+ Longley-Rice path loss, and minimum antenna height
+ requirements needed to establish line-of-sight communica-
+ tion paths absent of obstructions due to terrain. SPLAT!
+ produces reports, graphs, and highly detailed and care-
+ fully annotated topographic maps depicting line-of-sight
+ paths, path loss, and expected coverage areas of transmit-
+ ters and repeater systems. When performing line-of-sight
+ analysis in situations where multiple transmitter or
+ repeater sites are employed, SPLAT! determines individual
+ and mutual areas of coverage within the network specified.
+
+ SPLAT! operates in two modes: point-to-point mode, and
+ area prediction mode. These modes may be invoked using
+ either line-of-sight (LOS) or Irregular Terrain (ITM)
+ propagation models. True Earth, four-thirds Earth, or any
+ other Earth radius may be specified by the user when per-
+ forming line-of-sight analysis.
+
+INPUT FILES
+ SPLAT! is a command-line driven application, and reads
+ input data through a number of data files. Each has its
+ own format. Some files are mandatory for successful exe-
+ cution of the program, while others are optional. Manda-
+ tory files include SPLAT Data Files (SDF files), site
+ location files (QTH files), and Longley-Rice model parame-
+ ter files (LRP files). Optional files include city/site
+ location files, and cartographic boundary files.
+
+SPLAT DATA FILES
+ SPLAT! imports topographic data in the form of SPLAT Data
+ Files (SDFs) that may be generated from a number of infor-
+ mation sources. In the United States, SPLAT Data Files
+ are most often derived from U.S. Geological Survey Digi-
+ tal Elevation Models (DEMs) using the usgs2sdf utility
+ included with SPLAT!. USGS Digital Elevation Models com-
+ patible with this utility are available at no cost via the
+ Internet at: http://edc-
+ sgs9.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_dem-
+ fig/index1m.html.
+
+ SPLAT Data Files contain topographic elevations to the
+ nearest meter above mean sea level for 1-degree by
+ 1-degree regions of the earth with a resolution of 3-arc
+ seconds. SDF files can be read in either standard format
+ (.sdf) as generated by the usgs2sdf utility, or in bzip2
+ compressed format (.sdf.bz2). Since uncompressed files
+ can be slightly faster to load than compressed files,
+ SPLAT! searches for the needed SDF data in uncompressed
+ format first. If such data cannot located, then SPLAT!
+ tries to read the data in bzip2 compressed format. If no
+ compressed SDF files can be found for the region
+ requested, SPLAT! assumes the region is over water or out-
+ side the United States, and will assign an elevation of
+ sea-level to these areas. This feature of SPLAT! makes it
+ possible to perform path analysis not only over land, but
+ also between coastal areas not represented by USGS Digital
+ Elevation Model Data since they are devoid of any land
+ masses. However, this behavior of SPLAT! underscores the
+ importance of having all the SDF files required for the
+ region being analyzed if meaningful results are to be
+ expected.
+
+SITE LOCATION (QTH) FILES
+ SPLAT! imports site location information of transmitter
+ and receiver sites analyzed by the program from ASCII
+ files having a .qth extension. QTH files contain the
+ site's name, the site's latitude (in degrees North), the
+ site's longitude (in degrees West), and the site's antenna
+ height above ground level (AGL). A single line-feed char-
+ acter separates each field. The antenna height is assumed
+ to be specified in feet unless followed by the letter m or
+ the word meters in either upper or lower case. Latitude
+ and longitude information may be expressed in either deci-
+ mal format (74.6889) or degree, minute, second (DMS) for-
+ mat (74 41 20.0).
+
+ For example, a site location file describing television
+ station WNJT, Trenton, NJ (wnjt.qth) might read as fol-
+ lows:
+
+ WNJT
+ 40.2833
+ 74.6889
+ 990.00
+
+ Each transmitter and receiver site analyzed by SPLAT! must
+ be represented by its own site location (QTH) file.
+
+LONGLEY-RICE PARAMETER (LRP) FILES
+ SPLAT! imports Longley-Rice model parameter data from
+ files having the same base name as the transmitter site
+ QTH file, but carrying a .lrp extension, thus providing
+ simple and accurate correlation between these associated
+ data sets. The format for the Longley-Rice model parame-
+ ter files is as follows (wnjt.lrp):
+
+ 15.000 ; Earth Dielectric Constant (Relative per-
+ mittivity)
+ 0.005 ; Earth Conductivity (Siemens per meter)
+ 301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant (N-units)
+ 700.000 ; Frequency in MHz (20 MHz to 20 GHz)
+ 5 ; Radio Climate (5 = Continental Temper-
+ ate)
+ 0 ; Polarization (0 = Horizontal, 1 = Verti-
+ cal)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of situations (50% of loca-
+ tions)
+ 0.5 ; Fraction of time (50% of the time)
+
+ If an LRP file corresponding to the tx_site QTH file can-
+ not be found, SPLAT! scans the current working directory
+ for the file "splat.lrp". If this file cannot be found,
+ then the default parameters listed above will be assigned
+ by SPLAT! and a corresponding "splat.lrp" file containing
+ this data will be written to the current working direc-
+ tory.
+
+ Typical Earth dielectric constants and conductivity values
+ are as follows:
+
+ Dielectric Constant Conductiv-
+ ity
+ Salt water : 80 5.000
+ Good ground : 25 0.020
+ Fresh water : 80 0.010
+ Marshy land : 12 0.007
+ Farmland, forest : 15 0.005
+ Average ground : 15 0.005
+ Mountain, sand : 13 0.002
+ City : 5 0.001
+ Poor ground : 4 0.001
+
+ Radio climate codes used by SPLAT! are as follows:
+
+ 1: Equatorial (Congo)
+ 2: Continental Subtropical (Sudan)
+ 3: Maritime Subtropical (West coast of Africa)
+ 4: Desert (Sahara)
+ 5: Continental Temperate
+ 6: Maritime Temperate, over land (UK and west
+ coasts of US & EU)
+ 7: Maritime Temperate, over sea
+
+ The Continental Temperate climate is common to large land
+ masses in the temperate zone, such as the United States.
+ For paths shorter than 100 km, there is little difference
+ between Continental and Maritime Temperate climates.
+
+ The final two parameters in the .lrp file correspond to
+ the statistical analysis provided by the Longley-Rice
+ model. In this example, SPLAT! will return the maximum
+ path loss occurring 50% of the time (fraction of time) in
+ 50% of situations (fraction of situations). Use a
+ fraction of time parameter of 0.97 for digital television,
+ 0.50 for analog in the United States. Isotropic antennas
+ are assumed.
+
+ For further information on these parameters, see:
+ http://elbert.its.bldrdoc.gov/itm.html and
+ http://www.softwright.com/faq/engineering/prop_long-
+ ley_rice.html
+
+CITY LOCATION FILES
+ The names and locations of cities, tower sites, or other
+ points of interest may imported and be plotted on topo-
+ graphic maps generated by SPLAT!. SPLAT! imports the
+ names of cities and locations from ASCII files containing
+ the location's name, the location's latitude, and the
+ location's longitude. Each field is separated by a comma.
+ Each record is separated by a single line feed character.
+ As was the case with the .qth files, latitude and longi-
+ tude information may be entered in either decimal or
+ degree, minute, second (DMS) format.
+
+ For example (cities.dat):
+
+ Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506
+ Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892
+ Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908
+ Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924
+ Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580
+ Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310
+ Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665
+
+ A total of five separate city data files may be imported
+ at a time. There is no limit to the size of these files.
+ SPLAT! reads city data sequentially, and plots only those
+ locations whose positions do not conflict with previously
+ plotted locations when generating topographic maps.
+
+ City data files may be generated manually using any text
+ editor, imported from other sources, or derived from data
+ available from the U.S. Census Bureau using the cityde-
+ coder utility included with SPLAT!. Such data is avail-
+ able free of charge via the Internet at: http://www.cen-
+ sus.gov/geo/www/cob/bdy_files.html, and must be in ASCII
+ format.
+
+CARTOGRAPHIC BOUNDARY DATA FILES
+ Cartographic boundary data may also be imported to plot
+ the boundaries of cities, counties, or states on topo-
+ graphic maps generated by SPLAT!. Such data must be of
+ the form of ARC/INFO Ungenerate (ASCII Format) Metadata
+ Cartographic Boundary Files, and are available from the
+ U.S. Census Bureau via the Internet at: http://www.cen-
+ sus.gov/geo/www/cob/co2000.html#ascii and http://www.cen-
+ sus.gov/geo/www/cob/pl2000.html#ascii. A total of five
+ separate cartographic boundary files may be imported at a
+ time. It is not necessary to import state boundaries if
+ county boundaries have already been imported.
+
+PROGRAM OPERATION
+ SPLAT! is invoked via the command-line using a series of
+ switches and arguments. Since SPLAT! is a CPU and memory
+ intensive application, this type of interface minimizes
+ overhead, and also lends itself well to scripted opera-
+ tions. SPLAT!'s CPU and memory scheduling priority may be
+ adjusted through the use of the Unix nice command.
+
+ The number and type of switches passed to SPLAT! determine
+ its mode of operation and method of output data genera-
+ tion. Nearly all of SPLAT!'s switches may be cascaded in
+ any order on the command line when invoking the program to
+ include all the features described by those switches when
+ performing an analysis.
+
+POINT-TO-POINT ANALYSIS
+ SPLAT! may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analy-
+ sis between two specified site locations. For example:
+
+ splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth
+
+ invokes a terrain analysis between the transmitter speci-
+ fied in tx_site.qth and receiver specified in rx_site.qth,
+ and writes a SPLAT! Obstruction Report to the current
+ working directory. The report contains details of the
+ transmitter and receiver sites, and identifies the loca-
+ tion of any obstructions detected during the analysis. If
+ an obstruction can be cleared by raising the receive
+ antenna to a greater altitude, SPLAT! will indicate the
+ minimum antenna height required for a line-of-sight path
+ to exist between the transmitter and receiver locations
+ specified. If the antenna must be raised a significant
+ amount, this determination may take some time.
+
+ are optional when invoking the program. SPLAT! automati-
+ cally reads all SPLAT Data Files necessary to conduct the
+ terrain analysis between the sites specified. By default,
+ the location of SDF files is assumed to be in the current
+ working directory unless a ".splat_path" file is present
+ under the user's home directory. If this file is present,
+ it must contain the full directory path to the location of
+ all the SDF files required by SPLAT! to perform its analy-
+ sis for the region containing the transmitter and receiver
+ sites specified. The path in this file must be of the
+ form of a single line of ASCII text:
+
+ /opt/splat/sdf/
+
+ and may be generated with any text editor. The default
+ path specified in the $HOME/.splat_path file may be over-
+ ridden at any time using the -d switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/
+
+ A graph of the terrain profile between the receiver and
+ transmitter locations as a function of distance from the
+ receiver can be generated by adding the -p switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.gif
+
+ SPLAT! invokes gnuplot when generating graphs. The file-
+ name extension specified to SPLAT! determines the format
+ of the graph produced. .gif will produce a 640x480 color
+ GIF graphic file, while .ps or .postscript will produce
+ postscript output. Output in formats such as PNG, Adobe
+ Illustrator, AutoCAD dxf, LaTeX, and many others are
+ available. Please consult gnuplot, and gnuplot's documen-
+ tation for details on all the supported output formats.
+
+ A graph of elevations subtended by the terrain between the
+ receiver and transmitter as a function of distance from
+ the receiver can be generated by using the -e switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.gif
+
+ The graph produced using this switch illustrates the ele-
+ vation and depression angles resulting from the terrain
+ between the receiver's location and the transmitter site
+ from the perspective of the receiver's location. A second
+ trace is plotted between the left side of the graph
+ (receiver's location) and the location of the transmitting
+ antenna on the right. This trace illustrates the eleva-
+ tion angle required for a line-of-sight path to exist
+ between the receiver and transmitter locations. If the
+ trace intersects the elevation profile at any point on the
+ graph, then this is an indication that a line-of-sight
+ path does not exist under the conditions given, and the
+ obstructions can be clearly identified on the graph at the
+ point(s) of intersection.
+
+ A graph illustrating terrain height referenced to a line-
+ of-sight path between the transmitter and receiver may be
+ generated using the -h switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.gif
+
+ The Earth's curvature is clearly evident when plotting
+ height profiles.
+
+ A graph showing Longley-Rice path loss may be plotted
+ using the -l switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.gif
+
+ When performing path loss profiles, a Longley-Rice Model
+ Path Loss Report is generated by SPLAT! in the form of a
+ text file with a .lro filename extension. The report con-
+ tains bearings and distances between the transmitter and
+ receiver, as well as the Longley-Rice path loss for vari-
+ ous distances between the transmitter and receiver loca-
+ tions. The mode of propagation for points along the path
+ are given as Line-of-Sight, Single Horizon, Double Hori-
+ zon, Diffraction Dominant, and Troposcatter Dominant.
+
+ To determine the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio at remote
+ location where random Johnson (thermal) noise is the pri-
+ mary limiting factor in reception:
+
+ SNR=T-NJ-L+G-NF
+
+ where T is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW, NJ is John-
+ son Noise in dBW (-136 dBW for a 6 MHz TV channel), L is
+ the path loss provided by SPLAT! in dB (as a positive num-
+ ber), G is the receive antenna gain in dB over isotropic,
+ and NF is the receiver noise figure in dB.
+
+ T may be computed as follows:
+
+ T=TI+GT
+
+ where TI is actual amount of RF power delivered to the
+ transmitting antenna in dBW, GT is the transmitting
+ antenna gain (over isotropic) in the direction of the
+ receiver (or the horizon if the receiver is over the hori-
+ zon).
+
+ To compute how much more signal is available over the min-
+ imum to necessary to achieve a specific signal-to-noise
+ ratio:
+
+ Signal_Margin=SNR-S
+
+ where S is the minimum desired SNR ratio (15.5 dB for ATSC
+ DTV, 42 dB for analog NTSC television).
+
+ A topographic map may be generated by SPLAT! to visualize
+ the path between the transmitter and receiver sites from
+ yet another perspective. Topographic maps generated by
+ SPLAT! display elevations using a logarithmic grayscale,
+ with higher elevations represented through brighter shades
+ of gray. The dynamic range of the image is scaled between
+ the highest and lowest elevations present in the map. The
+ only exception to this is sea-level, which is represented
+ in blue.
+
+ SPLAT! generated topographic maps are 24-bit TrueColor
+ Portable PixMap (PPM) images, and may be viewed, edited,
+ or converted to other graphic formats by popular image
+ viewing applications such as xv, The GIMP, ImageMagick,
+ and XPaint. PNG format is highly recommended for lossless
+ compressed storage of SPLAT! generated topographic output
+ files. An excellent command-line utility capable of con-
+ verting SPLAT! PPM graphic files to PNG files is wpng, and
+ is available at:
+ http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/book/sources.html. As a
+ last resort, PPM files may be compressed using the bzip2
+ utility, and read directly by The GIMP in this format.
+ Topographic output is specified using the -o switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ The .ppm extension on the output filename is assumed by
+ SPLAT!, and is optional.
+
+ In this example, topo_map.ppm will illustrate the loca-
+ tions of the transmitter and receiver sites specified. In
+ addition, the great circle path between the two sites will
+ be drawn over locations for which an unobstructed path
+ exists to the transmitter at a receiving antenna height
+ equal to that of the receiver site (specified in
+ rx_site.qth).
+
+ It may desirable to populate the topographic map with
+ names and locations of cities, tower sites, or other
+ important locations. A city file may be passed to SPLAT!
+ using the -s switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map
+
+ Up to five separate city files may be passed to SPLAT! at
+ a time following the -s switch.
+
+ County and state boundaries may be added to the map by
+ specifying up to five U.S. Census Bureau cartographic
+ boundary files using the -b switch:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map
+
+ In situations where multiple transmitter sites are in use,
+ as many as four site locations may be passed to SPLAT! at
+ a time for analysis:
+
+ splat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p
+ profile.gif
+
+ In this example, four separate terrain profiles and
+ obstruction reports will be generated by SPLAT!. A single
+ topographic map can be specified using the -o switch, and
+ line-of-sight paths between each transmitter and the
+ receiver site indicated will be produced on the map, each
+ in its own color. The path between the first transmitter
+ specified to the receiver will be in green, the path
+ between the second transmitter and the receiver will be in
+ cyan, the path between the third transmitter and the
+ receiver will be in violet, and the path between the
+ fourth transmitter and the receiver will be in sienna.
+
+DETERMINING REGIONAL COVERAGE
+ SPLAT! can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or net-
+ work of sites, and predict the regional coverage for each
+ site specified. In this mode, SPLAT! can generate a topo-
+ graphic map displaying the geometric line-of-sight cover-
+ age area of the sites based on the location of each site,
+ and the height of receive antenna wishing to communicate
+ with the site in question. SPLAT! switches from point-to-
+ point analysis mode to area prediction mode when the -c
+ switch is invoked as follows:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o
+ tx_coverage
+
+ In this example, SPLAT! generates a topographic map called
+ tx_coverage.ppm that illustrates the predicted line-of-
+ sight regional coverage of tx_site to receiving locations
+ having antennas 30.0 feet above ground level (AGL). The
+ contents of cities.dat are plotted on the map, as are the
+ cartographic boundaries contained in the file
+ co34_d00.dat.
+
+ When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of regional
+ coverage, SPLAT! by default does not account for the
+ effects of atmospheric bending. However, this behavior
+ may be modified by using the Earth radius multiplier (-m)
+ switch:
+
+ splat -t wnjt -c 30.0 -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b coun-
+ ties.dat -o map.ppm
+
+ An earth radius multiplier of 1.333 instructs SPLAT! to
+ use the "four-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight propa-
+ gation analysis. Any appropriate earth radius multiplier
+ may be selected by the user.
+
+ When invoked in area prediction mode, SPLAT! generates a
+ site report for each station analyzed. SPLAT! site
+ reports contain details of the site's geographic location,
+ its height above mean sea level, the antenna's height
+ above mean sea level, the antenna's height above average
+ terrain, and the height of the average terrain calculated
+ in the directions of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and
+ 315 degrees azimuth.
+
+ If the -c switch is replaced by a -L switch, a Longley-
+ Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be gener-
+ ated:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o
+ path_loss_map
+
+ In this mode, SPLAT! generates a multi-color map illus-
+ trating expected signal levels (path loss) in areas sur-
+ rounding the transmitter site. A legend at the bottom of
+ the map correlates each color with a specific path loss
+ level in decibels. Since Longley-Rice area prediction map
+ generation is quite CPU intensive, provision for limiting
+ the analysis range is provided by the -R switch. The
+ argument must be given in miles. If a range wider than
+ the generated topographic map is specified, SPLAT! will
+ perform Longley-Rice path loss calculations between all
+ four corners of the area prediction map.
+
+DETERMINING MULTIPLE REGIONS OF COVERAGE
+ SPLAT! can also display line-of-sight coverage areas for
+ as many as four separate transmitter sites on a common
+ topographic map. For example:
+
+ splat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 30.0 -o network.ppm
+
+ plots the regional line-of-sight coverage of site1, site2,
+ site3, and site4 based on a receive antenna located 30.0
+ feet above ground level. A topographic map is then writ-
+ ten to the file network.ppm. The line-of-sight coverage
+ area of the transmitters are plotted as follows in the
+ colors indicated (along with their corresponding RGB val-
+ ues in decimal):
+
+ site1: Green (0,255,0)
+ site2: Cyan (0,255,255)
+ site3: Medium Violet (147,112,219)
+ site4: Sienna 1 (255,130,71)
+
+ site1 + site2: Yellow (255,255,0)
+ site1 + site3: Pink (255,192,203)
+ site1 + site4: Green Yellow (173,255,47)
+ site2 + site3: Orange (255,165,0)
+ site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 (193,255,193)
+ site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise (0,206,209)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green (0,100,0)
+ site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond (255,235,205)
+ site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green (0,250,154)
+ site2 + site3 + site4: Tan (210,180,140)
+
+ site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 (238,201,0)
+
+ If separate .qth files are generated, each representing a
+ common site location but a different antenna height, a
+ single topographic map illustrating the regional coverage
+ from as many as four separate locations on a single tower
+ may be generated by SPLAT!.
+
+TOPOGRAPHIC MAP GENERATION
+ In certain situations, it may be desirable to generate a
+ topographic map of a region without plotting coverage
+ areas, line-of-sight paths, or generating obstruction
+ reports. There are several ways of doing this. If one
+ wishes to generate a topographic map illustrating the
+ location of a transmitter and receiver site along with a
+ brief text report describing the locations and distances
+ between the sites, the -n switch should be invoked as fol-
+ lows:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ If no text report is desired, then the -N switch is used:
+
+ splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm
+
+ If the -o switch and output filename are omitted when
+ using either the -n or -N switches, output is written to a
+ file named map.ppm in the current working directory by
+ default.
+
+DETERMINATION OF ANTENNA HEIGHT ABOVE AVERAGE TERRAIN
+ SPLAT! determines antenna height above average terrain
+ (HAAT) according to the procedure defined by Federal Com-
+ munications Commission Part 73.313(d). According to this
+ definition, terrain elevations along eight radials between
+ 2 and 10 miles (3 and 16 kilometers) from the site being
+ analyzed are sampled and averaged for each 45 degrees of
+ azimuth starting with True North. If one or more radials
+ lie entirely over water, or over land outside the United
+ States (areas for which no USGS topography data is avail-
+ able), then those radials are omitted from the calculation
+ of average terrain. If part of a radial extends over a
+ body of water or over land outside the United States, then
+ only that part of the radial lying over United States land
+ is used in the determination of average terrain.
+
+ When performing point-to-point terrain analysis, SPLAT!
+ determines the antenna height above average terrain only
+ if enough topographic data has already been loaded by the
+ program to perform the point-to-point analysis. In most
+ cases, this will be true, unless the site in question does
+ not lie within 10 miles of the boundary of the topography
+ data in memory.
+
+ When performing area prediction analysis, enough topogra-
+ phy data is normally loaded by SPLAT! to perform average
+ terrain calculations. Under such conditions, SPLAT! will
+ provide the antenna height above average terrain as well
+ as the average terrain above mean sea level for azimuths
+ of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees, and
+ include such information in the site report generated. If
+ one or more of the eight radials surveyed fall over water
+ or land outside the United States, SPLAT! reports No Ter-
+ rain for those radial paths.
+
+SETTING THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF AN ANALYSIS REGION
+ SPLAT! reads SDF files into a series of memory "slots" as
+ required within the structure of the program. Each "slot"
+ holds one SDF file. Each SDF file represents a one degree
+ by one degree region of terrain. A #define MAXSLOTS
+ statement in the first several lines of splat.cpp sets the
+ maximum number of "slots" available for topography data.
+ It also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps gen-
+ erated by SPLAT!. MAXSLOTS is set to 9 by default. If
+ SPLAT! produces a segmentation fault on start-up with this
+ default, it is an indication that not enough RAM and/or
+ virtual memory (swap space) are available to run SPLAT!
+ with this number of MAXSLOTS. In this case, MAXSLOTS may
+ be reduced to 4, although this will greatly limit the max-
+ imum region SPLAT! will be able to analyze. If 118
+ megabytes or more of total memory (swap space plus RAM) is
+ available, then MAXSLOTS may be increased to 16. This
+ will permit operation over a 4-degree by 4-degree region,
+ which is sufficient for single antenna heights in excess
+ of 10,000 feet above mean sea level, or point-to-point
+ distances of over 1000 miles.
+
+ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
+ Invoking SPLAT! without any arguments will display all the
+ command-line options available with the program along with
+ a brief summary of each.
+
+ The latest news and information regarding SPLAT! software
+ is available through the official SPLAT! software web page
+ located at: http://www.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html.
+
+FILES
+ $HOME/.splat_path
+ User-generated file containing the default path to
+ the directory containing the SDF data files.
+
+ splat.lrp
+ Default Longley-Rice model parameters.
+
+AUTHORS
+ John A. Magliacane, KD2BD <kd2bd@amsat.org>
+ Creator, Lead Developer
+
+ Doug McDonald <mcdonald@scs.uiuc.edu>
+ Longley-Rice Model integration
+
+
+
+KD2BD Software 20 January 2004 SPLAT!(1)
--- /dev/null
+static char fontdata[] = {
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+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xd6, 0xd6, 0xfe, 0xee, 0xc6, 0xc6,
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+ 0x6c, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66,
+ 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
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+ 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x40,
+ 0x60, 0x20, 0x30, 0x10, 0x18, 0x08, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
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+ 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
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+ 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
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+ 0xc0, 0xc6, 0xcc, 0xd8, 0xf0, 0xd8, 0xcc, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xec, 0xd6, 0xd6,
+ 0xd6, 0xd6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfc, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc0, 0x70,
+ 0x1c, 0x06, 0x06, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x30,
+ 0x30, 0xfc, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xd6, 0xd6, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x38, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x06, 0x06, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0xfe, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x60, 0x60, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x0e,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x70, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x06, 0x06, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x66,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x98, 0x70, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xfe,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66,
+ 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x38,
+ 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x38, 0x98, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xfe,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c,
+ 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x10, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x38,
+ 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xfe,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0xdb, 0x1b,
+ 0x7f, 0xd8, 0xdb, 0x6e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x7c, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcf, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c,
+ 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x06, 0x06, 0x7c, 0x00,
+ 0x6c, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x7e, 0xc3, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc3, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x60, 0xf0, 0x60, 0xf0, 0x60, 0x60, 0x66, 0xfc,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x7e,
+ 0x18, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xcf, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x1b, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0xd8, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc,
+ 0x00, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00, 0xc6, 0xe6, 0xf6, 0xfe, 0xde, 0xce, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6,
+ 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x70, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0x7c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc0,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x18, 0x2c, 0x18,
+ 0x30, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x38, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0xff,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x38, 0x68, 0x7c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0x6c, 0x36, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xd8, 0x6c, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x6c, 0xd8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10,
+ 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10, 0x82, 0x10,
+ 0x00, 0x95, 0x00, 0xa9, 0x00, 0x95, 0x00, 0xa9, 0x00, 0x95, 0x00, 0xa9,
+ 0x00, 0x95, 0x00, 0xa9, 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49,
+ 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49, 0x92, 0x49, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xf8, 0xf8,
+ 0xf8, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xfc, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xf8,
+ 0xf8, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xfc,
+ 0xfc, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xf8, 0xf8,
+ 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x3f, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xff, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0,
+ 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0,
+ 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f,
+ 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x77, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xde, 0x73, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc4, 0xc8, 0xc4, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xdc,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0,
+ 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x03, 0x7e, 0xec, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x68, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0xfe,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xf0, 0xd8,
+ 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7c, 0x60, 0x60, 0xc0, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0xdb,
+ 0xdb, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x66, 0xc3, 0xc3, 0xc3, 0xc3, 0x66, 0x24, 0xa5, 0xe7,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x3e, 0x66,
+ 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x7e, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xcf, 0xdb, 0xf3, 0x7e, 0x60, 0xc0,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x30, 0x60, 0x60, 0x7c, 0x60,
+ 0x60, 0x60, 0x30, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c,
+ 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30,
+ 0x18, 0x0c, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x7e,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00,
+ 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c,
+ 0x6c, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x02,
+ 0x06, 0x04, 0x0c, 0x08, 0xd8, 0x50, 0x70, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xd8, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0xcc, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xfc,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Simple shell script for installing SPLAT! and associated utilities.
+# Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD April 2002
+#
+
+install_splat()
+{
+ cp splat /usr/local/bin
+ echo "SPLAT! installed!"
+}
+
+install_utils()
+{
+ cd utils
+ ./install all
+ cd ..
+ echo "utils installed!"
+}
+
+install_man()
+{
+ cp docs/man/splat.1 /usr/local/man/man1/splat.1
+ echo "man page installed!"
+}
+
+whoami=`whoami`
+
+if [ $# == "0" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: ./install { splat, utils, man, all }"
+else
+ if [ $whoami == "root" ]; then
+
+ if [ $1 == "splat" ] && [ -x splat ]; then
+ install_splat
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "utils" ]; then
+ install_utils
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "man" ]; then
+ install_man
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "all" ] && [ -x splat ]; then
+ install_splat
+ install_utils
+ install_man
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "Sorry, $whoami. You need to be 'root' to install this software. :-("
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 != "splat" ] && [ $1 != "utils" ] && [ $1 != "man" ] && [ $1 != "all" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: ./install { splat, utils, man, all }"
+ fi
+fi
--- /dev/null
+/****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This file was obtained from ftp://flattop.its.bldrdoc.gov/itm/ITMDLL.cpp *
+* on Jan. 10, 2004 and is public domain. It was modified by J. D. McDonald *
+* to remove Microsoft Windows dll-isms and to correct one case where a *
+* compiler found an ambguity in overloaded calls. It was further modified *
+* by John A. Magliacane to remove unused variables, unneeded #includes, *
+* and to replace pow() statements with explicit multiplications wherever *
+* possible to increase execution speed and improve accuracy. *
+* *
+****************************************************************************/
+
+// *************************************
+// C++ routines for this program are taken from
+// a translation of the FORTRAN code written by
+// U.S. Department of Commerce NTIA/ITS
+// Institute for Telecommunication Sciences
+// *****************
+// Irregular Terrain Model (ITM) (Longley-Rice)
+// *************************************
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <complex>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define THIRD (1.0/3.0)
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct tcomplex
+{ double tcreal;
+ double tcimag;
+};
+
+struct prop_type
+{ double aref;
+ double dist;
+ double hg[2];
+ double wn;
+ double dh;
+ double ens;
+ double gme;
+ double zgndreal;
+ double zgndimag;
+ double he[2];
+ double dl[2];
+ double the[2];
+ int kwx;
+ int mdp;
+};
+
+struct propv_type
+{ double sgc;
+ int lvar;
+ int mdvar;
+ int klim;
+};
+
+struct propa_type
+{ double dlsa;
+ double dx;
+ double ael;
+ double ak1;
+ double ak2;
+ double aed;
+ double emd;
+ double aes;
+ double ems;
+ double dls[2];
+ double dla;
+ double tha;
+};
+
+int mymin(const int &i, const int &j)
+{
+ if (i<j)
+ return i;
+ else
+ return j;
+}
+
+int mymax(const int &i, const int &j)
+{
+ if (i>j)
+ return i;
+ else
+ return j;
+}
+
+double mymin(const double &a, const double &b)
+{
+ if (a<b)
+ return a;
+ else
+ return b;
+}
+
+double mymax(const double &a, const double &b)
+{
+ if (a>b)
+ return a;
+ else
+ return b;
+}
+
+double FORTRAN_DIM(const double &x, const double &y)
+{
+ /* This performs the FORTRAN DIM function. Result is x-y
+ if x is greater than y; otherwise result is 0.0 */
+
+ if (x>y)
+ return x-y;
+ else
+ return 0.0;
+}
+
+double aknfe(const double &v2)
+{
+ double a;
+
+ if (v2<5.76)
+ a=6.02+9.11*sqrt(v2)-1.27*v2;
+ else
+ a=12.953+4.343*log(v2);
+ return a;
+}
+
+double fht(const double& x, const double& pk)
+{
+ double w, fhtv;
+
+ if (x<200.0)
+ {
+ w=-log(pk);
+
+ /* if (pk<1e-5 || x*pow(w,3.0) > 5495.0) */
+ if (pk<1.0e-5 || x*w*w*w > 5495.0)
+ {
+ fhtv=-117.0;
+
+ if (x>1.0)
+ fhtv=17.372*log(x)+fhtv;
+ }
+ else
+ fhtv=2.5e-5*x*x/pk-8.686*w-15.0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ fhtv=0.05751*x-4.343*log(x);
+
+ if (x<2000.0)
+ {
+ w=0.0134*x*exp(-0.005*x);
+ fhtv=(1.0-w)*fhtv+w*(17.372*log(x)-117.0);
+ }
+ }
+ return fhtv;
+}
+
+double h0f(double r, double et)
+{
+ double a[5]={25.0, 80.0, 177.0, 395.0, 705.0};
+ double b[5]={24.0, 45.0, 68.0, 80.0, 105.0};
+ double q, x;
+ double h0fv, temp;
+ int it;
+
+ it=(int)et;
+
+ if (it<=0)
+ {
+ it=1;
+ q=0.0;
+ }
+
+ else if (it>=5)
+ {
+ it=5;
+ q=0.0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ q=et-it;
+
+ /* x=pow(1.0/r,2.0); */
+
+ temp=1.0/r;
+ x=temp*temp;
+
+ h0fv=4.343*log((a[it-1]*x+b[it-1])*x+1.0);
+
+ if (q!=0.0)
+ h0fv=(1.0-q)*h0fv+q*4.343*log((a[it]*x+b[it])*x+1.0);
+
+ return h0fv;
+}
+
+double ahd(double td)
+{
+ int i;
+ double a[3]={ 133.4, 104.6, 71.8};
+ double b[3]={0.332e-3, 0.212e-3, 0.157e-3};
+ double c[3]={ -4.343, -1.086, 2.171};
+
+ if (td<=10e3)
+ i=0;
+
+ else if (td<=70e3)
+ i=1;
+
+ else
+ i=2;
+
+ return a[i]+b[i]*td+c[i]*log(td);
+}
+
+double adiff(double d, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa)
+{
+ complex<double> prop_zgnd(prop.zgndreal,prop.zgndimag);
+ static double wd1, xd1, afo, qk, aht, xht;
+ double a, q, pk, ds, th, wa, ar, wd, adiffv;
+
+ if (d==0)
+ {
+ q=prop.hg[0]*prop.hg[1];
+ qk=prop.he[0]*prop.he[1]-q;
+
+ if (prop.mdp<0.0)
+ q+=10.0;
+
+ wd1=sqrt(1.0+qk/q);
+ xd1=propa.dla+propa.tha/prop.gme;
+ q=(1.0-0.8*exp(-propa.dlsa/50e3))*prop.dh;
+ q*=0.78*exp(-pow(q/16.0,0.25));
+ afo=mymin(15.0,2.171*log(1.0+4.77e-4*prop.hg[0]*prop.hg[1]*prop.wn*q));
+ qk=1.0/abs(prop_zgnd);
+ aht=20.0;
+ xht=0.0;
+
+ for (int j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ {
+ /* a=0.5*pow(prop.dl[j],2.0)/prop.he[j]; */
+ a=0.5*(prop.dl[j]*prop.dl[j])/prop.he[j];
+ wa=pow(a*prop.wn,THIRD);
+ pk=qk/wa;
+ q=(1.607-pk)*151.0*wa*prop.dl[j]/a;
+ xht+=q;
+ aht+=fht(q,pk);
+ }
+
+ adiffv=0.0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ th=propa.tha+d*prop.gme;
+ ds=d-propa.dla;
+ /* q=0.0795775*prop.wn*ds*pow(th,2.0); */
+ q=0.0795775*prop.wn*ds*th*th;
+ adiffv=aknfe(q*prop.dl[0]/(ds+prop.dl[0]))+aknfe(q*prop.dl[1]/(ds+prop.dl[1]));
+ a=ds/th;
+ wa=pow(a*prop.wn,THIRD);
+ pk=qk/wa;
+ q=(1.607-pk)*151.0*wa*th+xht;
+ ar=0.05751*q-4.343*log(q)-aht;
+ q=(wd1+xd1/d)*mymin(((1.0-0.8*exp(-d/50e3))*prop.dh*prop.wn),6283.2);
+ wd=25.1/(25.1+sqrt(q));
+ adiffv=ar*wd+(1.0-wd)*adiffv+afo;
+ }
+
+ return adiffv;
+}
+
+double ascat( double d, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa)
+{
+ static double ad, rr, etq, h0s;
+ double h0, r1, r2, z0, ss, et, ett, th, q;
+ double ascatv, temp;
+
+ if (d==0.0)
+ {
+ ad=prop.dl[0]-prop.dl[1];
+ rr=prop.he[1]/prop.he[0];
+
+ if (ad<0.0)
+ {
+ ad=-ad;
+ rr=1.0/rr;
+ }
+
+ etq=(5.67e-6*prop.ens-2.32e-3)*prop.ens+0.031;
+ h0s=-15.0;
+ ascatv=0.0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ if (h0s>15.0)
+ h0=h0s;
+ else
+ {
+ th=prop.the[0]+prop.the[1]+d*prop.gme;
+ r2=2.0*prop.wn*th;
+ r1=r2*prop.he[0];
+ r2*=prop.he[1];
+
+ if (r1<0.2 && r2<0.2)
+ return 1001.0; // <==== early return
+
+ ss=(d-ad)/(d+ad);
+ q=rr/ss;
+ ss=mymax(0.1,ss);
+ q=mymin(mymax(0.1,q),10.0);
+ z0=(d-ad)*(d+ad)*th*0.25/d;
+ /* et=(etq*exp(-pow(mymin(1.7,z0/8.0e3),6.0))+1.0)*z0/1.7556e3; */
+
+ temp=mymin(1.7,z0/8.0e3);
+ temp=temp*temp*temp*temp*temp*temp;
+ et=(etq*exp(-temp)+1.0)*z0/1.7556e3;
+
+ ett=mymax(et,1.0);
+ h0=(h0f(r1,ett)+h0f(r2,ett))*0.5;
+ h0+=mymin(h0,(1.38-log(ett))*log(ss)*log(q)*0.49);
+ h0=FORTRAN_DIM(h0,0.0);
+
+ if (et<1.0)
+ {
+ /* h0=et*h0+(1.0-et)*4.343*log(pow((1.0+1.4142/r1)*(1.0+1.4142/r2),2.0)*(r1+r2)/(r1+r2+2.8284)); */
+
+ temp=((1.0+1.4142/r1)*(1.0+1.4142/r2));
+ h0=et*h0+(1.0-et)*4.343*log((temp*temp)*(r1+r2)/(r1+r2+2.8284));
+ }
+
+ if (h0>15.0 && h0s>=0.0)
+ h0=h0s;
+ }
+
+ h0s=h0;
+ th=propa.tha+d*prop.gme;
+ /* ascatv=ahd(th*d)+4.343*log(47.7*prop.wn*pow(th,4.0))-0.1*(prop.ens-301.0)*exp(-th*d/40e3)+h0; */
+ ascatv=ahd(th*d)+4.343*log(47.7*prop.wn*(th*th*th*th))-0.1*(prop.ens-301.0)*exp(-th*d/40e3)+h0;
+ }
+
+ return ascatv;
+}
+
+double qerfi(double q)
+{
+ double x, t, v;
+ double c0=2.515516698;
+ double c1=0.802853;
+ double c2=0.010328;
+ double d1=1.432788;
+ double d2=0.189269;
+ double d3=0.001308;
+
+ x=0.5-q;
+ t=mymax(0.5-fabs(x),0.000001);
+ t=sqrt(-2.0*log(t));
+ v=t-((c2*t+c1)*t+c0)/(((d3*t+d2)*t+d1)*t+1.0);
+
+ if (x<0.0)
+ v=-v;
+
+ return v;
+}
+
+void qlrps(double fmhz, double zsys, double en0, int ipol, double eps, double sgm, prop_type &prop)
+{
+ double gma=157e-9;
+
+ prop.wn=fmhz/47.7;
+ prop.ens=en0;
+
+ if (zsys!=0.0)
+ prop.ens*=exp(-zsys/9460.0);
+
+ prop.gme=gma*(1.0-0.04665*exp(prop.ens/179.3));
+ complex<double> zq, prop_zgnd(prop.zgndreal,prop.zgndimag);
+ zq=complex<double> (eps,376.62*sgm/prop.wn);
+ prop_zgnd=sqrt(zq-1.0);
+
+ if (ipol!=0.0)
+ prop_zgnd=prop_zgnd/zq;
+
+ prop.zgndreal=prop_zgnd.real();
+ prop.zgndimag=prop_zgnd.imag();
+}
+
+double abq_alos (complex<double> r)
+{
+ return r.real()*r.real()+r.imag()*r.imag();
+}
+
+double alos(double d, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa)
+{
+ complex<double> prop_zgnd(prop.zgndreal,prop.zgndimag);
+ static double wls;
+ complex<double> r;
+ double s, sps, q;
+ double alosv;
+
+ if (d==0.0)
+ {
+ wls=0.021/(0.021+prop.wn*prop.dh/mymax(10e3,propa.dlsa));
+ alosv=0.0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ q=(1.0-0.8*exp(-d/50e3))*prop.dh;
+ s=0.78*q*exp(-pow(q/16.0,0.25));
+ q=prop.he[0]+prop.he[1];
+ sps=q/sqrt(d*d+q*q);
+ r=(sps-prop_zgnd)/(sps+prop_zgnd)*exp(-mymin(10.0,prop.wn*s*sps));
+ q=abq_alos(r);
+
+ if (q<0.25 || q<sps)
+ r=r*sqrt(sps/q);
+
+ alosv=propa.emd*d+propa.aed;
+ q=prop.wn*prop.he[0]*prop.he[1]*2.0/d;
+
+ if (q>1.57)
+ q=3.14-2.4649/q;
+
+ alosv=(-4.343*log(abq_alos(complex<double>(cos(q),-sin(q))+r))-alosv)*wls+alosv;
+
+ }
+ return alosv;
+}
+
+
+void qlra(int kst[], int klimx, int mdvarx, prop_type &prop, propv_type &propv)
+{
+ double q;
+
+ for (int j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ {
+ if (kst[j]<=0)
+ prop.he[j]=prop.hg[j];
+ else
+ {
+ q=4.0;
+
+ if (kst[j]!=1)
+ q=9.0;
+
+ if (prop.hg[j]<5.0)
+ q*=sin(0.3141593*prop.hg[j]);
+
+ prop.he[j]=prop.hg[j]+(1.0+q)*exp(-mymin(20.0,2.0*prop.hg[j]/mymax(1e-3,prop.dh)));
+ }
+
+ q=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme);
+ prop.dl[j]=q*exp(-0.07*sqrt(prop.dh/mymax(prop.he[j],5.0)));
+ prop.the[j]=(0.65*prop.dh*(q/prop.dl[j]-1.0)-2.0*prop.he[j])/q;
+ }
+
+ prop.mdp=1;
+ propv.lvar=mymax(propv.lvar,3);
+
+ if (mdvarx>=0)
+ {
+ propv.mdvar=mdvarx;
+ propv.lvar=mymax(propv.lvar,4);
+ }
+
+ if (klimx>0)
+ {
+ propv.klim=klimx;
+ propv.lvar=5;
+ }
+}
+
+void freds_lrprop (double d, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa)
+{
+ /* freds_lrprop */
+
+ static bool wlos, wscat;
+ static double dmin, xae;
+ complex<double> prop_zgnd(prop.zgndreal,prop.zgndimag);
+ double a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6;
+ double d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6;
+ double q;
+ int j;
+
+ if (prop.mdp!=0)
+ {
+ for (j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ propa.dls[j]=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme);
+
+ propa.dlsa=propa.dls[0]+propa.dls[1];
+ propa.dla=prop.dl[0]+prop.dl[1];
+ propa.tha=mymax(prop.the[0]+prop.the[1],-propa.dla*prop.gme);
+ wlos=false;
+ wscat=false;
+
+ if (prop.wn<0.838 || prop.wn>210.0)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ if (prop.hg[j]<1.0 || prop.hg[j]>1000.0)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ if (abs(prop.the[j]) >200e-3 || prop.dl[j]<0.1*propa.dls[j] || prop.dl[j]>3.0*propa.dls[j])
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,3);
+
+ if (prop.ens < 250.0 || prop.ens > 400.0 || prop.gme < 75e-9 || prop.gme > 250e-9 || prop_zgnd.real() <= abs(prop_zgnd.imag()) || prop.wn < 0.419 || prop.wn > 420.0)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; ++j)
+ if (prop.hg[j]<0.5 || prop.hg[j]>3000.0)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+
+ dmin=abs(prop.he[0]-prop.he[1])/200e-3;
+ q=adiff(0.0,prop,propa);
+ xae=pow(prop.wn*prop.gme*prop.gme,-THIRD);
+ d3=mymax(propa.dlsa,1.3787*xae+propa.dla);
+ d4=d3+2.7574*xae;
+ a3=adiff(d3,prop,propa);
+ a4=adiff(d4,prop,propa);
+ propa.emd=(a4-a3)/(d4-d3);
+ propa.aed=a3-propa.emd*d3;
+
+ if (prop.mdp==0)
+ prop.dist=0;
+
+ else if (prop.mdp>0)
+ {
+ prop.mdp=0;
+ prop.dist=0;
+ }
+
+ if ((prop.dist>0.0) || (prop.mdp<0.0))
+ {
+ if (prop.dist>1000e3)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ if (prop.dist<dmin)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,3);
+
+ if (prop.dist<1e3 || prop.dist>2000e3)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ prop.dist=d;
+
+ if (prop.dist>0.0)
+ {
+ if (prop.dist>1000e3)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ if (prop.dist<dmin)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,3);
+
+ if (prop.dist<1e3 || prop.dist>2000e3)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist<propa.dlsa)
+ {
+ if (!wlos)
+ {
+ /* Coefficients for the line-of-sight range */
+
+ q=alos(0.0,prop,propa);
+ d2=propa.dlsa;
+ a2=propa.aed+d2*propa.emd;
+ d0=1.908*prop.wn*prop.he[0]*prop.he[1];
+
+ if (propa.aed>=0.0)
+ {
+ d0=mymin(d0,0.5*propa.dla);
+ d1=d0+0.25*(propa.dla-d0);
+ }
+
+ else
+ d1=mymax(-propa.aed/propa.emd,0.25*propa.dla);
+
+ a1=alos(d1,prop,propa);
+
+ if (d0<d1)
+ {
+ a0=alos(d0,prop,propa);
+ q=log(d2/d0);
+ propa.ak2=mymax(0.0,((d2-d0)*(a1-a0)-(d1-d0)*(a2-a0))/((d2-d0)*log(d1-d0)-(d1-d0)*q));
+
+ if (propa.ak2<=0.0 && propa.aed<0.0)
+ {
+ propa.ak2=0.0;
+ propa.ak1=(a2-a1)/(d2-d1);
+
+ if (propa.ak1<=0.0)
+ propa.ak2=propa.emd;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ propa.ak1=(a2-a0-propa.ak2*q)/(d2-d0);
+
+ if (propa.ak1<0.0)
+ {
+ propa.ak1=0.0;
+ propa.ak2=FORTRAN_DIM(a2,a0)/q;
+
+ if (propa.ak2<=0.0)
+ propa.ak1=propa.emd;
+ }
+ }
+ propa.ael=a2-propa.ak1*d2-propa.ak2*log(d2);
+ wlos=true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist>0.0)
+ prop.aref=propa.ael+propa.ak1*prop.dist+propa.ak2*log(prop.dist);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ if (!wscat)
+ {
+ q=ascat(0.0,prop,propa);
+ d5=propa.dla+200e3;
+ d6=d5+200e3;
+ a6=ascat(d6,prop,propa);
+ a5=ascat(d5,prop,propa);
+
+ if (a5>=1000.0)
+ {
+ propa.ems=propa.emd;
+ propa.aes=propa.aed;
+ propa.dx=10e6;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ propa.ems=(a6-a5)/200e3;
+ propa.dx=mymax(propa.dlsa,mymax(propa.dla+0.3*xae*log(47.7*prop.wn),(a5-propa.aed-propa.ems*d5)/(propa.emd-propa.ems)));
+ propa.aes=(propa.emd-propa.ems)*propa.dx+propa.aed;
+ }
+
+ wscat=true;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist<=propa.dx)
+ prop.aref=propa.aed+propa.emd*prop.dist;
+ else
+ prop.aref=propa.aes+propa.ems*prop.dist;
+ }
+
+ prop.aref=FORTRAN_DIM(prop.aref,0.0);
+}
+
+void lrprop (double d, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa)
+{
+ /* PaulM_lrprop */
+ static bool wlos, wscat;
+ static double dmin, xae;
+ complex<double> prop_zgnd(prop.zgndreal,prop.zgndimag);
+ double a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6;
+ double d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6;
+ bool wq;
+ double q;
+ int j;
+
+ if (prop.mdp!=0)
+ {
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ propa.dls[j]=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme);
+
+ propa.dlsa=propa.dls[0]+propa.dls[1];
+ propa.dla=prop.dl[0]+prop.dl[1];
+ propa.tha=mymax(prop.the[0]+prop.the[1],-propa.dla*prop.gme);
+ wlos=false;
+ wscat=false;
+
+ if (prop.wn<0.838 || prop.wn>210.0)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ if (prop.hg[j]<1.0 || prop.hg[j]>1000.0)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ if (abs(prop.the[j]) >200e-3 || prop.dl[j]<0.1*propa.dls[j] || prop.dl[j]>3.0*propa.dls[j] )
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,3);
+
+ if (prop.ens < 250.0 || prop.ens > 400.0 || prop.gme < 75e-9 || prop.gme > 250e-9 || prop_zgnd.real() <= abs(prop_zgnd.imag()) || prop.wn < 0.419 || prop.wn > 420.0)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ if (prop.hg[j]<0.5 || prop.hg[j]>3000.0)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+
+ dmin=abs(prop.he[0]-prop.he[1])/200e-3;
+ q=adiff(0.0,prop,propa);
+ /* xae=pow(prop.wn*pow(prop.gme,2.),-THIRD); -- JDM made argument 2 a double */
+ xae=pow(prop.wn*(prop.gme*prop.gme),-THIRD); /* No 2nd pow() */
+ d3=mymax(propa.dlsa,1.3787*xae+propa.dla);
+ d4=d3+2.7574*xae;
+ a3=adiff(d3,prop,propa);
+ a4=adiff(d4,prop,propa);
+ propa.emd=(a4-a3)/(d4-d3);
+ propa.aed=a3-propa.emd*d3;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.mdp>=0)
+ {
+ prop.mdp=0;
+ prop.dist=d;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist>0.0)
+ {
+ if (prop.dist>1000e3)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ if (prop.dist<dmin)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,3);
+
+ if (prop.dist<1e3 || prop.dist>2000e3)
+ prop.kwx=4;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist<propa.dlsa)
+ {
+ if (!wlos)
+ {
+ q=alos(0.0,prop,propa);
+ d2=propa.dlsa;
+ a2=propa.aed+d2*propa.emd;
+ d0=1.908*prop.wn*prop.he[0]*prop.he[1];
+
+ if (propa.aed>=0.0)
+ {
+ d0=mymin(d0,0.5*propa.dla);
+ d1=d0+0.25*(propa.dla-d0);
+ }
+
+ else
+ d1=mymax(-propa.aed/propa.emd,0.25*propa.dla);
+
+ a1=alos(d1,prop,propa);
+ wq=false;
+
+ if (d0<d1)
+ {
+ a0=alos(d0,prop,propa);
+ q=log(d2/d0);
+ propa.ak2=mymax(0.0,((d2-d0)*(a1-a0)-(d1-d0)*(a2-a0))/((d2-d0)*log(d1/d0)-(d1-d0)*q));
+ wq=propa.aed>=0.0 || propa.ak2>0.0;
+
+ if (wq)
+ {
+ propa.ak1=(a2-a0-propa.ak2*q)/(d2-d0);
+
+ if (propa.ak1<0.0)
+ {
+ propa.ak1=0.0;
+ propa.ak2=FORTRAN_DIM(a2,a0)/q;
+
+ if (propa.ak2==0.0)
+ propa.ak1=propa.emd;
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ propa.ak2=0.0;
+ propa.ak1=(a2-a1)/(d2-d1);
+
+ if (propa.ak1<=0.0)
+ propa.ak1=propa.emd;
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ propa.ak1=(a2-a1)/(d2-d1);
+ propa.ak2=0.0;
+
+ if (propa.ak1<=0.0)
+ propa.ak1=propa.emd;
+ }
+
+ propa.ael=a2-propa.ak1*d2-propa.ak2*log(d2);
+ wlos=true;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist>0.0)
+ prop.aref=propa.ael+propa.ak1*prop.dist+propa.ak2*log(prop.dist);
+
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist<=0.0 || prop.dist>=propa.dlsa)
+ {
+ if(!wscat)
+ {
+ q=ascat(0.0,prop,propa);
+ d5=propa.dla+200e3;
+ d6=d5+200e3;
+ a6=ascat(d6,prop,propa);
+ a5=ascat(d5,prop,propa);
+
+ if (a5<1000.0)
+ {
+ propa.ems=(a6-a5)/200e3;
+ propa.dx=mymax(propa.dlsa,mymax(propa.dla+0.3*xae*log(47.7*prop.wn),(a5-propa.aed-propa.ems*d5)/(propa.emd-propa.ems)));
+ propa.aes=(propa.emd-propa.ems)*propa.dx+propa.aed;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ propa.ems=propa.emd;
+ propa.aes=propa.aed;
+ propa.dx=10.e6;
+ }
+
+ wscat=true;
+ }
+
+ if (prop.dist>propa.dx)
+ prop.aref=propa.aes+propa.ems*prop.dist;
+ else
+ prop.aref=propa.aed+propa.emd*prop.dist;
+ }
+
+ prop.aref=mymax(prop.aref,0.0);
+}
+
+double curve (double const &c1, double const &c2, double const &x1,
+ double const &x2, double const &x3, double const &de)
+{
+ /* return (c1+c2/(1.0+pow((de-x2)/x3,2.0)))*pow(de/x1,2.0)/(1.0+pow(de/x1,2.0)); */
+ double temp1, temp2;
+
+ temp1=(de-x2)/x3;
+ temp2=de/x1;
+
+ temp1*=temp1;
+ temp2*=temp2;
+
+ return (c1+c2/(1.0+temp1))*temp2/(1.0+temp2);
+}
+
+double avar(double zzt, double zzl, double zzc, prop_type &prop, propv_type &propv)
+{
+ static int kdv;
+ static double dexa, de, vmd, vs0, sgl, sgtm, sgtp, sgtd, tgtd,
+ gm, gp, cv1, cv2, yv1, yv2, yv3, csm1, csm2, ysm1, ysm2,
+ ysm3, csp1, csp2, ysp1, ysp2, ysp3, csd1, zd, cfm1, cfm2,
+ cfm3, cfp1, cfp2, cfp3;
+
+ double bv1[7]={-9.67,-0.62,1.26,-9.21,-0.62,-0.39,3.15};
+ double bv2[7]={12.7,9.19,15.5,9.05,9.19,2.86,857.9};
+ double xv1[7]={144.9e3,228.9e3,262.6e3,84.1e3,228.9e3,141.7e3,2222.e3};
+ double xv2[7]={190.3e3,205.2e3,185.2e3,101.1e3,205.2e3,315.9e3,164.8e3};
+ double xv3[7]={133.8e3,143.6e3,99.8e3,98.6e3,143.6e3,167.4e3,116.3e3};
+ double bsm1[7]={2.13,2.66,6.11,1.98,2.68,6.86,8.51};
+ double bsm2[7]={159.5,7.67,6.65,13.11,7.16,10.38,169.8};
+ double xsm1[7]={762.2e3,100.4e3,138.2e3,139.1e3,93.7e3,187.8e3,609.8e3};
+ double xsm2[7]={123.6e3,172.5e3,242.2e3,132.7e3,186.8e3,169.6e3,119.9e3};
+ double xsm3[7]={94.5e3,136.4e3,178.6e3,193.5e3,133.5e3,108.9e3,106.6e3};
+ double bsp1[7]={2.11,6.87,10.08,3.68,4.75,8.58,8.43};
+ double bsp2[7]={102.3,15.53,9.60,159.3,8.12,13.97,8.19};
+ double xsp1[7]={636.9e3,138.7e3,165.3e3,464.4e3,93.2e3,216.0e3,136.2e3};
+ double xsp2[7]={134.8e3,143.7e3,225.7e3,93.1e3,135.9e3,152.0e3,188.5e3};
+ double xsp3[7]={95.6e3,98.6e3,129.7e3,94.2e3,113.4e3,122.7e3,122.9e3};
+ double bsd1[7]={1.224,0.801,1.380,1.000,1.224,1.518,1.518};
+ double bzd1[7]={1.282,2.161,1.282,20.,1.282,1.282,1.282};
+ double bfm1[7]={1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,0.92,1.0,1.0};
+ double bfm2[7]={0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.25,0.0,0.0};
+ double bfm3[7]={0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.77,0.0,0.0};
+ double bfp1[7]={1.0,0.93,1.0,0.93,0.93,1.0,1.0};
+ double bfp2[7]={0.0,0.31,0.0,0.19,0.31,0.0,0.0};
+ double bfp3[7]={0.0,2.00,0.0,1.79,2.00,0.0,0.0};
+ static bool ws, w1;
+ double rt=7.8, rl=24.0, avarv, q, vs, zt, zl, zc;
+ double sgt, yr, temp1, temp2;
+ int temp_klim=propv.klim-1;
+
+ if (propv.lvar>0)
+ {
+ switch (propv.lvar)
+ {
+ default:
+ if (propv.klim<=0 || propv.klim>7)
+ {
+ propv.klim=5;
+ temp_klim=4;
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,2);
+ }
+
+ cv1=bv1[temp_klim];
+ cv2=bv2[temp_klim];
+ yv1=xv1[temp_klim];
+ yv2=xv2[temp_klim];
+ yv3=xv3[temp_klim];
+ csm1=bsm1[temp_klim];
+ csm2=bsm2[temp_klim];
+ ysm1=xsm1[temp_klim];
+ ysm2=xsm2[temp_klim];
+ ysm3=xsm3[temp_klim];
+ csp1=bsp1[temp_klim];
+ csp2=bsp2[temp_klim];
+ ysp1=xsp1[temp_klim];
+ ysp2=xsp2[temp_klim];
+ ysp3=xsp3[temp_klim];
+ csd1=bsd1[temp_klim];
+ zd=bzd1[temp_klim];
+ cfm1=bfm1[temp_klim];
+ cfm2=bfm2[temp_klim];
+ cfm3=bfm3[temp_klim];
+ cfp1=bfp1[temp_klim];
+ cfp2=bfp2[temp_klim];
+ cfp3=bfp3[temp_klim];
+
+ case 4:
+ kdv=propv.mdvar;
+ ws=kdv>=20;
+
+ if (ws)
+ kdv-=20;
+
+ w1=kdv>=10;
+
+ if (w1)
+ kdv-=10;
+
+ if (kdv<0 || kdv>3)
+ {
+ kdv=0;
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,2);
+ }
+
+ case 3:
+ q=log(0.133*prop.wn);
+
+ /* gm=cfm1+cfm2/(pow(cfm3*q,2.0)+1.0); */
+ /* gp=cfp1+cfp2/(pow(cfp3*q,2.0)+1.0); */
+
+ gm=cfm1+cfm2/((cfm3*q*cfm3*q)+1.0);
+ gp=cfp1+cfp2/((cfp3*q*cfp3*q)+1.0);
+
+ case 2:
+ dexa=sqrt(18e6*prop.he[0])+sqrt(18e6*prop.he[1])+pow((575.7e12/prop.wn),THIRD);
+
+ case 1:
+ if (prop.dist<dexa)
+ de=130e3*prop.dist/dexa;
+ else
+ de=130e3+prop.dist-dexa;
+ }
+
+ vmd=curve(cv1,cv2,yv1,yv2,yv3,de);
+ sgtm=curve(csm1,csm2,ysm1,ysm2,ysm3,de)*gm;
+ sgtp=curve(csp1,csp2,ysp1,ysp2,ysp3,de)*gp;
+ sgtd=sgtp*csd1;
+ tgtd=(sgtp-sgtd)*zd;
+
+ if (w1)
+ sgl=0.0;
+ else
+ {
+ q=(1.0-0.8*exp(-prop.dist/50e3))*prop.dh*prop.wn;
+ sgl=10.0*q/(q+13.0);
+ }
+
+ if (ws)
+ vs0=0.0;
+ else
+ {
+ /* vs0=pow(5.0+3.0*exp(-de/100e3),2.0); */
+ temp1=(5.0+3.0*exp(-de/100e3));
+ vs0=temp1*temp1;
+
+ }
+
+ propv.lvar=0;
+ }
+
+ zt=zzt;
+ zl=zzl;
+ zc=zzc;
+
+ switch (kdv)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ zt=zc;
+ zl=zc;
+ break;
+
+ case 1:
+ zl=zc;
+ break;
+
+ case 2:
+ zl=zt;
+ }
+
+ if (fabs(zt)>3.1 || fabs(zl)>3.1 || fabs(zc)>3.1)
+ prop.kwx=mymax(prop.kwx,1);
+
+ if (zt<0.0)
+ sgt=sgtm;
+
+ else if (zt<=zd)
+ sgt=sgtp;
+
+ else
+ sgt=sgtd+tgtd/zt;
+
+ /* vs=vs0+pow(sgt*zt,2.0)/(rt+zc*zc)+pow(sgl*zl,2.0)/(rl+zc*zc); */
+
+ temp1=sgt*zt;
+ temp2=sgl*zl;
+
+ vs=vs0+(temp1*temp1)/(rt+zc*zc)+(temp2*temp2)/(rl+zc*zc);
+
+ if (kdv==0)
+ {
+ yr=0.0;
+ propv.sgc=sqrt(sgt*sgt+sgl*sgl+vs);
+ }
+
+ else if (kdv==1)
+ {
+ yr=sgt*zt;
+ propv.sgc=sqrt(sgl*sgl+vs);
+ }
+
+ else if (kdv==2)
+ {
+ yr=sqrt(sgt*sgt+sgl*sgl)*zt;
+ propv.sgc=sqrt(vs);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ yr=sgt*zt+sgl*zl;
+ propv.sgc=sqrt(vs);
+ }
+
+ avarv=prop.aref-vmd-yr-propv.sgc*zc;
+
+ if (avarv<0.0)
+ avarv=avarv*(29.0-avarv)/(29.0-10.0*avarv);
+
+ return avarv;
+}
+
+void hzns (double pfl[], prop_type &prop)
+{
+ bool wq;
+ int np;
+ double xi, za, zb, qc, q, sb, sa;
+
+ np=(int)pfl[0];
+ xi=pfl[1];
+ za=pfl[2]+prop.hg[0];
+ zb=pfl[np+2]+prop.hg[1];
+ qc=0.5*prop.gme;
+ q=qc*prop.dist;
+ prop.the[1]=(zb-za)/prop.dist;
+ prop.the[0]=prop.the[1]-q;
+ prop.the[1]=-prop.the[1]-q;
+ prop.dl[0]=prop.dist;
+ prop.dl[1]=prop.dist;
+
+ if (np>=2)
+ {
+ sa=0.0;
+ sb=prop.dist;
+ wq=true;
+
+ for (int i=1; i<np; i++)
+ {
+ sa+=xi;
+ sb-=xi;
+ q=pfl[i+2]-(qc*sa+prop.the[0])*sa-za;
+
+ if (q>0.0)
+ {
+ prop.the[0]+=q/sa;
+ prop.dl[0]=sa;
+ wq=false;
+ }
+
+ if (!wq)
+ {
+ q=pfl[i+2]-(qc*sb+prop.the[1])*sb-zb;
+
+ if (q>0.0)
+ {
+ prop.the[1]+=q/sb;
+ prop.dl[1]=sb;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void z1sq1 (double z[], const double &x1, const double &x2, double& z0, double& zn)
+{
+ double xn, xa, xb, x, a, b;
+ int n, ja, jb;
+
+ xn=z[0];
+ xa=int(FORTRAN_DIM(x1/z[1],0.0));
+ xb=xn-int(FORTRAN_DIM(xn,x2/z[1]));
+
+ if (xb<=xa)
+ {
+ xa=FORTRAN_DIM(xa,1.0);
+ xb=xn-FORTRAN_DIM(xn,xb+1.0);
+ }
+
+ ja=(int)xa;
+ jb=(int)xb;
+ n=jb-ja;
+ xa=xb-xa;
+ x=-0.5*xa;
+ xb+=x;
+ a=0.5*(z[ja+2]+z[jb+2]);
+ b=0.5*(z[ja+2]-z[jb+2])*x;
+
+ for (int i=2; i<=n; ++i)
+ {
+ ++ja;
+ x+=1.0;
+ a+=z[ja+2];
+ b+=z[ja+2]*x;
+ }
+
+ a/=xa;
+ b=b*12.0/((xa*xa+2.0)*xa);
+ z0=a-b*xb;
+ zn=a+b*(xn-xb);
+}
+
+double qtile (const int &nn, double a[], const int &ir)
+{
+ double q=0.0, r; /* q initialization -- KD2BD */
+ int m, n, i, j, j1=0, i0=0, k; /* more initializations -- KD2BD */
+ bool done=false;
+ bool goto10=true;
+
+ m=0;
+ n=nn;
+ k=mymin(mymax(0,ir),n);
+
+ while (!done)
+ {
+ if (goto10)
+ {
+ q=a[k];
+ i0=m;
+ j1=n;
+ }
+
+ i=i0;
+
+ while (i<=n && a[i]>=q)
+ i++;
+
+ if (i>n)
+ i=n;
+
+ j=j1;
+
+ while (j>=m && a[j]<=q)
+ j--;
+
+ if (j<m)
+ j=m;
+
+ if (i<j)
+ {
+ r=a[i];
+ a[i]=a[j];
+ a[j]=r;
+ i0=i+1;
+ j1=j-1;
+ goto10=false;
+ }
+
+ else if (i<k)
+ {
+ a[k]=a[i];
+ a[i]=q;
+ m=i+1;
+ goto10=true;
+ }
+
+ else if (j>k)
+ {
+ a[k]=a[j];
+ a[j]=q;
+ n=j-1;
+ goto10=true;
+ }
+
+ else
+ done=true;
+ }
+
+ return q;
+}
+
+double qerf(const double &z)
+{
+ double b1=0.319381530, b2=-0.356563782, b3=1.781477937;
+ double b4=-1.821255987, b5=1.330274429;
+ double rp=4.317008, rrt2pi=0.398942280;
+ double t, x, qerfv;
+
+ x=z;
+ t=fabs(x);
+
+ if (t>=10.0)
+ qerfv=0.0;
+ else
+ {
+ t=rp/(t+rp);
+ qerfv=exp(-0.5*x*x)*rrt2pi*((((b5*t+b4)*t+b3)*t+b2)*t+b1)*t;
+ }
+
+ if (x<0.0)
+ qerfv=1.0-qerfv;
+
+ return qerfv;
+}
+
+double d1thx(double pfl[], const double &x1, const double &x2)
+{
+ int np, ka, kb, n, k, j;
+ double d1thxv, sn, xa, xb;
+ double *s;
+
+ np=(int)pfl[0];
+ xa=x1/pfl[1];
+ xb=x2/pfl[1];
+ d1thxv=0.0;
+
+ if (xb-xa<2.0) // exit out
+ return d1thxv;
+
+ ka=(int)(0.1*(xb-xa+8.0));
+ ka=mymin(mymax(4,ka),25);
+ n=10*ka-5;
+ kb=n-ka+1;
+ sn=n-1;
+ assert((s=new double[n+2])!=0);
+ s[0]=sn;
+ s[1]=1.0;
+ xb=(xb-xa)/sn;
+ k=(int)(xa+1.0);
+ xa-=(double)k;
+
+ for (j=0; j<n; j++)
+ {
+ while (xa>0.0 && k<np)
+ {
+ xa-=1.0;
+ ++k;
+ }
+
+ s[j+2]=pfl[k+2]+(pfl[k+2]-pfl[k+1])*xa;
+ xa=xa+xb;
+ }
+
+ z1sq1(s,0.0,sn,xa,xb);
+ xb=(xb-xa)/sn;
+
+ for (j=0; j<n; j++)
+ {
+ s[j+2]-=xa;
+ xa=xa+xb;
+ }
+
+ d1thxv=qtile(n-1,s+2,ka-1)-qtile(n-1,s+2,kb-1);
+ d1thxv/=1.0-0.8*exp(-(x2-x1)/50.0e3);
+ delete[] s;
+
+ return d1thxv;
+}
+
+void qlrpfl(double pfl[], int klimx, int mdvarx, prop_type &prop, propa_type &propa, propv_type &propv)
+{
+ int np, j;
+ double xl[2], q, za, zb, temp;
+
+ prop.dist=pfl[0]*pfl[1];
+ np=(int)pfl[0];
+ hzns(pfl,prop);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ xl[j]=mymin(15.0*prop.hg[j],0.1*prop.dl[j]);
+
+ xl[1]=prop.dist-xl[1];
+ prop.dh=d1thx(pfl,xl[0],xl[1]);
+
+ if (prop.dl[0]+prop.dl[1]>1.5*prop.dist)
+ {
+ z1sq1(pfl,xl[0],xl[1],za,zb);
+ prop.he[0]=prop.hg[0]+FORTRAN_DIM(pfl[2],za);
+ prop.he[1]=prop.hg[1]+FORTRAN_DIM(pfl[np+2],zb);
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ prop.dl[j]=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme)*exp(-0.07*sqrt(prop.dh/mymax(prop.he[j],5.0)));
+
+ q=prop.dl[0]+prop.dl[1];
+
+ if (q<=prop.dist)
+ {
+ /* q=pow(prop.dist/q,2.0); */
+ temp=prop.dist/q;
+ q=temp*temp;
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ {
+ prop.he[j]*=q;
+ prop.dl[j]=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme)*exp(-0.07*sqrt(prop.dh/mymax(prop.he[j],5.0)));
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (j=0; j<2; j++)
+ {
+ q=sqrt(2.0*prop.he[j]/prop.gme);
+ prop.the[j]=(0.65*prop.dh*(q/prop.dl[j]-1.0)-2.0*prop.he[j])/q;
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ z1sq1(pfl,xl[0],0.9*prop.dl[0],za,q);
+ z1sq1(pfl,prop.dist-0.9*prop.dl[1],xl[1],q,zb);
+ prop.he[0]=prop.hg[0]+FORTRAN_DIM(pfl[2],za);
+ prop.he[1]=prop.hg[1]+FORTRAN_DIM(pfl[np+2],zb);
+ }
+
+ prop.mdp=-1;
+ propv.lvar=mymax(propv.lvar,3);
+
+ if (mdvarx>=0)
+ {
+ propv.mdvar=mdvarx;
+ propv.lvar=mymax(propv.lvar,4);
+ }
+
+ if (klimx>0)
+ {
+ propv.klim=klimx;
+ propv.lvar=5;
+ }
+
+ lrprop(0.0,prop,propa);
+}
+
+double deg2rad(double d)
+{
+ return d*3.1415926535897/180.0;
+}
+
+//********************************************************
+//* Point-To-Point Mode Calculations *
+//********************************************************
+
+void point_to_point(double elev[], double tht_m, double rht_m, double eps_dielect, double sgm_conductivity, double eno_ns_surfref, double frq_mhz, int radio_climate, int pol, double conf, double rel, double &dbloss, char *strmode, int &errnum)
+
+/******************************************************************************
+
+ pol:
+ 0-Horizontal, 1-Vertical
+
+ radio_climate:
+ 1-Equatorial, 2-Continental Subtropical,
+ 3-Maritime Tropical, 4-Desert, 5-Continental Temperate,
+ 6-Maritime Temperate, Over Land, 7-Maritime Temperate,
+ Over Sea
+
+ conf, rel: .01 to .99
+
+ elev[]: [num points - 1], [delta dist(meters)],
+ [height(meters) point 1], ..., [height(meters) point n]
+
+ errnum: 0- No Error.
+ 1- Warning: Some parameters are nearly out of range.
+ Results should be used with caution.
+ 2- Note: Default parameters have been substituted for
+ impossible ones.
+ 3- Warning: A combination of parameters is out of range.
+ Results are probably invalid.
+ Other- Warning: Some parameters are out of range.
+ Results are probably invalid.
+
+*****************************************************************************/
+{
+ prop_type prop;
+ propv_type propv;
+ propa_type propa;
+ double zsys=0;
+ double zc, zr;
+ double eno, enso, q;
+ long ja, jb, i, np;
+ double dkm, xkm;
+ double fs;
+
+ prop.hg[0]=tht_m;
+ prop.hg[1]=rht_m;
+ propv.klim=radio_climate;
+ prop.kwx=0;
+ propv.lvar=5;
+ prop.mdp=-1;
+ zc=qerfi(conf);
+ zr=qerfi(rel);
+ np=(long)elev[0];
+ dkm=(elev[1]*elev[0])/1000.0;
+ xkm=elev[1]/1000.0;
+ eno=eno_ns_surfref;
+ enso=0.0;
+ q=enso;
+
+ if (q<=0.0)
+ {
+ ja=(long)(3.0+0.1*elev[0]); /* KD2BD added (long) */
+ jb=np-ja+6;
+
+ for (i=ja-1; i<jb; ++i)
+ zsys+=elev[i];
+
+ zsys/=(jb-ja+1);
+ q=eno;
+ }
+
+ propv.mdvar=12;
+ qlrps(frq_mhz,zsys,q,pol,eps_dielect,sgm_conductivity,prop);
+ qlrpfl(elev,propv.klim,propv.mdvar,prop,propa,propv);
+ fs=32.45+20.0*log10(frq_mhz)+20.0*log10(prop.dist/1000.0);
+ q=prop.dist-propa.dla;
+
+ if (int(q)<0.0)
+ strcpy(strmode,"Line-Of-Sight Mode");
+ else
+ {
+ if (int(q)==0.0)
+ strcpy(strmode,"Single Horizon");
+
+ else if (int(q)>0.0)
+ strcpy(strmode,"Double Horizon");
+
+ if (prop.dist<=propa.dlsa || prop.dist <= propa.dx)
+ strcat(strmode,", Diffraction Dominant");
+
+ else if (prop.dist>propa.dx)
+ strcat(strmode, ", Troposcatter Dominant");
+ }
+
+ dbloss=avar(zr,0.0,zc,prop,propv)+fs;
+ errnum=prop.kwx;
+}
+
+//********************************************************
+//* Area Mode Calculations *
+//********************************************************
+
+void area(long ModVar, double deltaH, double tht_m, double rht_m, double dist_km, int TSiteCriteria, int RSiteCriteria, double eps_dielect, double sgm_conductivity, double eno_ns_surfref, double frq_mhz, int radio_climate, int pol, double pctTime, double pctLoc, double pctConf, double &dbloss, char *strmode, int &errnum)
+{
+ // pol: 0-Horizontal, 1-Vertical
+ // TSiteCriteria, RSiteCriteria:
+ // 0 - random, 1 - careful, 2 - very careful
+
+ // radio_climate: 1-Equatorial, 2-Continental Subtropical, 3-Maritime Tropical,
+ // 4-Desert, 5-Continental Temperate, 6-Maritime Temperate, Over Land,
+ // 7-Maritime Temperate, Over Sea
+ // ModVar: 0 - Single: pctConf is "Time/Situation/Location", pctTime, pctLoc not used
+ // 1 - Individual: pctTime is "Situation/Location", pctConf is "Confidence", pctLoc not used
+ // 2 - Mobile: pctTime is "Time/Locations (Reliability)", pctConf is "Confidence", pctLoc not used
+ // 3 - Broadcast: pctTime is "Time", pctLoc is "Location", pctConf is "Confidence"
+ // pctTime, pctLoc, pctConf: .01 to .99
+ // errnum: 0- No Error.
+ // 1- Warning: Some parameters are nearly out of range.
+ // Results should be used with caution.
+ // 2- Note: Default parameters have been substituted for impossible ones.
+ // 3- Warning: A combination of parameters is out of range.
+ // Results are probably invalid.
+ // Other- Warning: Some parameters are out of range.
+ // Results are probably invalid.
+ // NOTE: strmode is not used at this time.
+
+ prop_type prop;
+ propv_type propv;
+ propa_type propa;
+ double zt, zl, zc, xlb;
+ double fs;
+ long ivar;
+ double eps, eno, sgm;
+ long ipol;
+ int kst[2];
+
+ kst[0]=(int)TSiteCriteria;
+ kst[1]=(int)RSiteCriteria;
+ zt=qerfi(pctTime/100.0);
+ zl=qerfi(pctLoc/100.0);
+ zc=qerfi(pctConf/100.0);
+ eps=eps_dielect;
+ sgm=sgm_conductivity;
+ eno=eno_ns_surfref;
+ prop.dh=deltaH;
+ prop.hg[0]=tht_m;
+ prop.hg[1]=rht_m;
+ /* propv.klim = (__int32) radio_climate; -KD2BD replaced below */
+ propv.klim=(long)radio_climate;
+ prop.ens=eno;
+ prop.kwx=0;
+ ivar=(long)ModVar;
+ ipol=(long)pol;
+ qlrps(frq_mhz, 0.0, eno, ipol, eps, sgm, prop);
+ qlra(kst, propv.klim, ivar, prop, propv);
+
+ if (propv.lvar<1)
+ propv.lvar=1;
+
+ lrprop(dist_km*1000.0, prop, propa);
+ fs=32.45+20.0*log10(frq_mhz)+20.0*log10(prop.dist/1000.0);
+ xlb=fs+avar(zt, zl, zc, prop, propv);
+ dbloss=xlb;
+
+ if (prop.kwx==0)
+ errnum=0;
+ else
+ errnum=prop.kwx;
+}
--- /dev/null
+15.000 ; Earth Dielectric Constant (Relative permittivity)
+0.005 ; Earth Conductivity (Siemens per meter)
+301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant (N-units)
+300.000 ; Frequency in MHz (20 MHz to 20 GHz)
+5 ; Radio Climate (5 = Continental Temperate)
+0 ; Polarization (0 = Horizontal, 1 = Vertical)
+0.5 ; Fraction of situations (50% of locations)
+0.5 ; Fraction of time (50% of the time)
+
+This file contains Longley-Rice path loss parameters used
+by SPLAT! Anything after the 8th line is ignored by the
+program. Comments are allowed following each element of
+numeric data. No blank lines are allowed at the top.
+
+Earth dielectric constants and conductivity values are as follows:
+
+ Dielectric Constant Conductivity
+ Salt water : 80 5.000
+ Good ground : 25 0.020
+ Fresh water : 80 0.010
+ Marshy land : 12 0.007
+ Farmland, forest : 15 0.005
+ Average ground : 15 0.005
+ Mountain, sand : 13 0.002
+ City : 5 0.001
+ Poor ground : 4 0.001
+
+Radio climate codes are defined as follows:
+
+ 1: Equatorial (Congo)
+ 2: Continental Subtropical (Sudan)
+ 3: Maritime Subtropical (West coast of Africa)
+ 4: Desert (Sahara)
+ 5: Continental Temperate
+ 6: Maritime Temperate, over land (UK and west coasts of US & EU)
+ 7: Maritime Temperate, over sea
+
+The Continental Temperate climate (5) is common to large land masses in
+the temperate zone, such as the United States. For paths shorter than
+100 km, there is little difference between Continental and Martitime
+Temperate climates.
+
+The final two parameters in the .lrp file correspond to the statistical
+analysis provided by the Longley-Rice model. In this example, SPLAT!
+will return the maximum path loss occurring 50% of the time (fraction
+of time) in 50% of situations (fraction of situations). Use a fraction
+of time of 0.97 for digital television, 0.50 for analog. Isotropic
+antennas are assumed. A tuned half-wave dipole has a gain of 2.14 dB
+above that of an isotropic antenna.
+
+Edit these parameters as required and save the result ("Save As")
+to a filename with an extension of ".lrp" in the directory normally
+used for .qth files (current working directory is assumed). The
+base of the filename MUST match the base of the corresponding
+SPLAT! transmitter site QTH filename for proper correlation
+between data sets. In other words:
+
+ wnjt.qth <--- TX site data for WNJT
+ wnjt.lrp <--- Corresponding Longly-Rice parameters for WNJT
+
+If an LRP file corresponding to the tx_site QTH file cannot be
+found, SPLAT! scans the current working directory for "splat.lrp".
+If this file cannot be found, then the default parameters listed
+above are assigned by SPLAT!, and a "splat.lrp" file containing
+these parameters is written to the current working directory.
+
+For further information on Longley-Rice model parameters, see:
+
+ http://elbert.its.bldrdoc.gov/itm.html
+ http://www.softwright.com/faq/engineering/prop_longley_rice.html
+
+Also consult SPLAT!'s documentation for more information.
--- /dev/null
+char smallfont[10][9][7] = {
+ { {0,1,1,1,1,1}, /* 0 */
+ {1,1,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,1,1,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,1,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,0,0,1}, /* 1 */
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,1,1,1,1}, /* 2 */
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,1,1,1,1}, /* 3 */
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,0,0,0,1,1}, /* 4 */
+ {0,0,0,1,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {1,1,1,1,1,1}, /* 5 */
+ {1,1},
+ {1,1},
+ {1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,0,1,1,1}, /* 6 */
+ {0,1,1},
+ {1,1},
+ {1,1},
+ {1,1,1,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, /* 7 */
+ {1,1,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1} },
+ { {0,1,1,1,1}, /* 8 */
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1} },
+ { {0,1,1,1,1}, /* 9 */
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {1,1,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,0,1,1},
+ {0,0,1,1},
+ {0,1,1,1} } };
+
--- /dev/null
+Begin3
+Title: SPLAT!
+Version: 1.1.0
+Entered-date: 29JAN04
+Description: SPLAT! is a terrestrial RF propagation analysis tool for
+ the spectrum between 20 MHz and 20 GHz. SPLAT! provides
+ site engineering data such as the great circle distances
+ and bearings between sites, antenna elevation angles
+ (uptilt), depression angles (downtilt), antenna height
+ above mean sea level, antenna height above average
+ terrain, bearings and distances to known obstructions,
+ path loss based on the Longley-Rice Irregular Terrain
+ Model, and minimum antenna height requirements needed
+ to establish line-of-sight communication paths absent
+ of obstructions due to terrain. SPLAT! produces
+ reports, graphs, and highly detailed and carefully
+ annotated topographic maps depicting line-of-sight paths,
+ path loss, and expected coverage areas of transmitters
+ and repeater systems. Applications of SPLAT! include
+ site engineering, wireless network design, amateur
+ radio communications, frequency coordination,
+ communication system design, and terrestrial
+ television and radio broadcasting. SPLAT! requires
+ gnuplot version 3.7, libbzip-1.0.1 or later, and
+ zlib, as well as an application capable of displaying
+ PPM graphic files (xv, ImageMagick, xpaint, The GIMP, etc.).
+Keywords: Terrain analysis, site engineering, Longley-Rice path
+ loss, TV/FM radio broadcasting, TV/FM radio reception,
+ amateur radio, wireless WAN design
+Author: kd2bd@amsat.org (John A. Magliacane) (Creator, Lead Developer)
+ mcdonald@scs.uiuc.edu (Doug McDonald) (L-R Model Integration)
+Maintained-by: kd2bd@amsat.org (John A. Magliacane)
+Primary-site: ftp.ibiblio.org /pub/Linux/apps/ham/splat-1.1.0.tar.gz
+Original-site: http://www.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html
+Platforms: Linux/Unix
+Copying-policy: GPL
+End
--- /dev/null
+/****************************************************************************
+* SPLAT: A Terrain Analysis Program *
+* Copyright John A. Magliacane, KD2BD 1997-2004 *
+* Last update: 24-Jan-2004 *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
+* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License or any later *
+* version. *
+* *
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will useful, but WITHOUT *
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
+* for more details. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* Extensively modified by J. D. McDonald in Jan. 2004 to include *
+* the Longley-Rice propagation model using C++ code from NTIA/ITS. *
+* *
+* See: http://elbert.its.bldrdoc.gov/itm.html *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+ g++ -Wall -O3 -s -lm -lbz2 -fomit-frame-pointer itm.cpp splat.cpp -o splat
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <bzlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "fontdata.h"
+#include "smallfont.h"
+
+#define GAMMA 2.5
+#define MAXSLOTS 9
+#define BZBUFFER 65536
+
+#if MAXSLOTS==4
+#define ARRAYSIZE 4950
+#endif
+
+#if MAXSLOTS==9
+#define ARRAYSIZE 10870
+#endif
+
+#if MAXSLOTS==16
+#define ARRAYSIZE 19240
+#endif
+
+#if MAXSLOTS==25
+#define ARRAYSIZE 30025
+#endif
+
+char string[255], sdf_path[255], opened=0, *splat_version={"1.1.0"};
+
+double TWOPI=6.283185307179586, HALFPI=1.570796326794896,
+ PI=3.141592653589793, deg2rad=1.74532925199e-02,
+ EARTHRADIUS=20902230.97, METERS_PER_MILE=1609.344,
+ METERS_PER_FOOT=0.3048, earthradius, max_range=0.0;
+
+int min_north=0, max_north=0, min_west=0, max_west=0,
+ max_elevation=0, min_elevation=0, bzerror;
+
+struct site { double lat;
+ double lon;
+ double alt;
+ char name[50];
+ };
+
+struct { float lat[ARRAYSIZE];
+ float lon[ARRAYSIZE];
+ float elevation[ARRAYSIZE];
+ float distance[ARRAYSIZE];
+ int length;
+ } path;
+
+struct { int min_north;
+ int max_north;
+ int min_west;
+ int max_west;
+ int max_el;
+ int min_el;
+ short data[1200][1200];
+ unsigned char mask[1200][1200];
+ } dem[MAXSLOTS];
+
+struct {
+ double eps_dielect;
+ double sgm_conductivity;
+ double eno_ns_surfref;
+ double frq_mhz;
+ double conf;
+ double rel;
+ int radio_climate;
+ int pol;
+ } LR;
+
+double elev_l[ARRAYSIZE+10];
+
+void point_to_point(double elev[], double tht_m, double rht_m,
+ double eps_dielect, double sgm_conductivity, double eno_ns_surfref,
+ double frq_mhz, int radio_climate, int pol, double conf,
+ double rel, double &dbloss, char *strmode, int &errnum);
+
+double arccos(double x, double y)
+{
+ /* This function implements the arc cosine function,
+ returning a value between 0 and TWOPI. */
+
+ double result=0.0;
+
+ if (y>0.0)
+ result=acos(x/y);
+
+ if (y<0.0)
+ result=PI+acos(x/y);
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+char *dec2dms(double decimal)
+{
+ /* Converts decimal degrees to degrees, minutes, seconds,
+ (DMS) and returns the result as a character string. */
+
+ int degrees, minutes, seconds;
+ double a, b, c, d;
+
+ a=floor(decimal);
+ b=60.0*(decimal-a);
+ c=floor(b);
+ d=60.0*(b-c);
+
+ degrees=(int)a;
+ minutes=(int)c;
+ seconds=(int)d;
+
+ if (seconds<0)
+ seconds=0;
+
+ if (seconds>59)
+ seconds=59;
+
+ string[0]=0;
+ sprintf(string,"%d%c %d\' %d\"", degrees, 176, minutes, seconds);
+ return (string);
+}
+
+int OrMask(double lat, double lon, int value)
+{
+ /* Lines, text, markings, and coverage areas are stored in a
+ mask that is combined with topology data when topographic
+ maps are generated by SPLAT!. This function sets bits in
+ the mask based on the latitude and longitude of the area
+ pointed to. */
+
+ int x, y, indx, minlat, minlon;
+ char found;
+
+ minlat=(int)floor(lat);
+ minlon=(int)floor(lon);
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0;)
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west)
+ found=1;
+ else
+ indx++;
+
+ if (found)
+ {
+ x=(int)(1199.0*(lat-floor(lat)));
+ y=(int)(1199.0*(lon-floor(lon)));
+
+ dem[indx].mask[x][y]|=value;
+ return (dem[indx].mask[x][y]);
+ }
+ else
+ return -1;
+}
+
+int GetMask(double lat, double lon)
+{
+ /* This function returns the mask bits based on the latitude
+ and longitude given. */
+
+ return (OrMask(lat,lon,0));
+}
+
+double GetElevation(struct site location)
+{
+ /* This function returns the elevation (in feet) of any location
+ represented by the digital elevation model data in memory.
+ Function returns -5000.0 for locations not found in memory. */
+
+ char found;
+ int x, y, indx, minlat, minlon;
+ double elevation;
+
+ elevation=-5000.0;
+
+ minlat=(int)floor(location.lat);
+ minlon=(int)floor(location.lon);
+
+ x=(int)(1199.0*(location.lat-floor(location.lat)));
+ y=(int)(1199.0*(location.lon-floor(location.lon)));
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0; indx++)
+ {
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west)
+ {
+ elevation=3.28084*dem[indx].data[x][y];
+ found=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return elevation;
+}
+
+double Distance(struct site site1, struct site site2)
+{
+ /* This function returns the great circle distance
+ in miles between any two site locations. */
+
+ double lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, distance;
+
+ lat1=site1.lat*deg2rad;
+ lon1=site1.lon*deg2rad;
+ lat2=site2.lat*deg2rad;
+ lon2=site2.lon*deg2rad;
+
+ distance=3959.0*acos(sin(lat1)*sin(lat2)+cos(lat1)*cos(lat2)*cos((lon1)-(lon2)));
+
+ return distance;
+}
+
+double Azimuth(struct site source, struct site destination)
+{
+ /* This function returns the azimuth (in degrees) to the
+ destination as seen from the location of the source. */
+
+ double dest_lat, dest_lon, src_lat, src_lon,
+ beta, azimuth, diff, num, den, fraction;
+
+ dest_lat=destination.lat*deg2rad;
+ dest_lon=destination.lon*deg2rad;
+
+ src_lat=source.lat*deg2rad;
+ src_lon=source.lon*deg2rad;
+
+ /* Calculate Surface Distance */
+
+ beta=acos(sin(src_lat)*sin(dest_lat)+cos(src_lat)*cos(dest_lat)*cos(src_lon-dest_lon));
+
+ /* Calculate Azimuth */
+
+ num=sin(dest_lat)-(sin(src_lat)*cos(beta));
+ den=cos(src_lat)*sin(beta);
+ fraction=num/den;
+
+ /* Trap potential problems in acos() due to rounding */
+
+ if (fraction>=1.0)
+ fraction=1.0;
+
+ if (fraction<=-1.0)
+ fraction=-1.0;
+
+ /* Calculate azimuth */
+
+ azimuth=acos(fraction);
+
+ /* Reference it to True North */
+
+ diff=dest_lon-src_lon;
+
+ if (diff<=-PI)
+ diff+=TWOPI;
+
+ if (diff>=PI)
+ diff-=TWOPI;
+
+ if (diff>0.0)
+ azimuth=TWOPI-azimuth;
+
+ return (azimuth/deg2rad);
+}
+
+double ElevationAngle(struct site local, struct site remote)
+{
+ /* This function returns the angle of elevation (in degrees)
+ of the remote location as seen from the local site.
+ A positive result represents an angle of elevation (uptilt),
+ while a negative result represents an angle of depression
+ (downtilt), as referenced to a normal to the center of
+ the earth. */
+
+ register double a, b, dx;
+
+ a=GetElevation(remote)+remote.alt+earthradius;
+ b=GetElevation(local)+local.alt+earthradius;
+
+ dx=5280.0*Distance(local,remote);
+
+ /* Apply the Law of Cosines */
+
+ return ((180.0*(acos(((b*b)+(dx*dx)-(a*a))/(2.0*b*dx)))/PI)-90.0);
+}
+
+void ReadPath(struct site source, struct site destination)
+{
+ /* This function generates a sequence of latitude and
+ longitude positions between a source location and
+ a destination along a great circle path, and stores
+ elevation and distance information for points along
+ that path in the "path" structure for later use. */
+
+ double azimuth, distance, lat1, lon1, beta,
+ den, num, lat2, lon2, total_distance;
+ int x1, y1, c;
+ struct site tempsite;
+
+ c=0;
+
+ lat1=source.lat*deg2rad;
+ lon1=source.lon*deg2rad;
+ azimuth=Azimuth(source,destination)*deg2rad;
+ total_distance=Distance(source,destination);
+
+ for (distance=0; distance<=total_distance; distance+=0.04)
+ {
+ beta=distance/3959.0;
+ lat2=asin(sin(lat1)*cos(beta)+cos(azimuth)*sin(beta)*cos(lat1));
+ num=cos(beta)-(sin(lat1)*sin(lat2));
+ den=cos(lat1)*cos(lat2);
+
+ if (azimuth==0.0 && (beta>HALFPI-lat1))
+ lon2=lon1+PI;
+
+ else if (azimuth==HALFPI && (beta>HALFPI+lat1))
+ lon2=lon1+PI;
+
+ else if (fabs(num/den)>1.0)
+ lon2=lon1;
+
+ else
+ {
+ if ((PI-azimuth)>=0.0)
+ lon2=lon1-arccos(num,den);
+ else
+ lon2=lon1+arccos(num,den);
+ }
+
+ while (lon2<0.0)
+ lon2+=TWOPI;
+
+ while (lon2>TWOPI)
+ lon2-=TWOPI;
+
+ lat2=lat2/deg2rad;
+ lon2=lon2/deg2rad;
+
+ x1=(int)(1199.0*(lat2-floor(lat2)));
+ y1=(int)(1199.0*(lon2-floor(lon2)));
+
+ path.lat[c]=lat2;
+ path.lon[c]=lon2;
+ tempsite.lat=lat2;
+ tempsite.lon=lon2;
+ path.elevation[c]=GetElevation(tempsite);
+ path.distance[c]=distance;
+ c++;
+ }
+
+ /* Make sure exact destination point is recorded at path.length-1 */
+
+ x1=(int)(1199.0*(destination.lat-floor(destination.lat)));
+ y1=(int)(1199.0*(destination.lon-floor(destination.lon)));
+
+ path.lat[c]=destination.lat;
+ path.lon[c]=destination.lon;
+ path.elevation[c]=GetElevation(destination);
+ path.distance[c]=total_distance;
+ c++;
+
+ path.length=c;
+}
+
+double AverageTerrain(struct site source, double azimuthx, double start_distance, double end_distance)
+{
+ /* This function returns the average terrain calculated in
+ the direction of "azimuth" (degrees) between "start_distance"
+ and "end_distance" (miles) from the source location. If
+ the terrain is all water (non-critical error), -5000.0 is
+ returned. If not enough SDF data has been loaded into
+ memory to complete the survey (critical error), then
+ -9999.0 is returned. */
+
+ int c, samples, endpoint;
+ double beta, lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, num, den, azimuth, terrain=0.0;
+ struct site destination;
+
+ lat1=source.lat*deg2rad;
+ lon1=source.lon*deg2rad;
+
+ /* Generate a path of elevations between the source
+ location and the remote location provided. */
+
+ beta=end_distance/3959.0;
+
+ azimuth=deg2rad*azimuthx;
+
+ lat2=asin(sin(lat1)*cos(beta)+cos(azimuth)*sin(beta)*cos(lat1));
+ num=cos(beta)-(sin(lat1)*sin(lat2));
+ den=cos(lat1)*cos(lat2);
+
+ if (azimuth==0.0 && (beta>HALFPI-lat1))
+ lon2=lon1+PI;
+
+ else if (azimuth==HALFPI && (beta>HALFPI+lat1))
+ lon2=lon1+PI;
+
+ else if (fabs(num/den)>1.0)
+ lon2=lon1;
+
+ else
+ {
+ if ((PI-azimuth)>=0.0)
+ lon2=lon1-arccos(num,den);
+ else
+ lon2=lon1+arccos(num,den);
+ }
+
+ while (lon2<0.0)
+ lon2+=TWOPI;
+
+ while (lon2>TWOPI)
+ lon2-=TWOPI;
+
+ lat2=lat2/deg2rad;
+ lon2=lon2/deg2rad;
+
+ destination.lat=lat2;
+ destination.lon=lon2;
+
+ /* If SDF data is missing for the endpoint of
+ the radial, then the average terrain cannot
+ be accurately calculated. Return -9999.0 */
+
+ if (GetElevation(destination)<-4999.0)
+ return (-9999.0);
+ else
+ {
+ ReadPath(source,destination);
+
+ endpoint=path.length;
+
+ /* Shrink the length of the radial if the
+ outermost portion is not over U.S. land. */
+
+ for (c=endpoint-1; c>=0 && path.elevation[c]==0.0; c--);
+
+ endpoint=c+1;
+
+ for (c=0, samples=0; c<endpoint; c++)
+ {
+ if (path.distance[c]>=start_distance)
+ {
+ terrain+=path.elevation[c];
+ samples++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (samples==0)
+ terrain=-5000.0; /* No land */
+ else
+ terrain=(terrain/(double)samples);
+
+ return terrain;
+ }
+}
+
+double haat(struct site antenna)
+{
+ /* This function returns the antenna's Height Above Average
+ Terrain (HAAT) based on FCC Part 73.313(d). If a critical
+ error occurs, such as a lack of SDF data to complete the
+ survey, -5000.0 is returned. */
+
+ int azi, c;
+ char error=0;
+ double terrain, avg_terrain, haat, sum=0.0;
+
+ /* Calculate the average terrain between 2 and 10 miles
+ from the antenna site at azimuths of 0, 45, 90, 135,
+ 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees. */
+
+ for (c=0, azi=0; azi<=315 && error==0; azi+=45)
+ {
+ terrain=AverageTerrain(antenna, (double)azi, 2.0, 10.0);
+
+ if (terrain<-9998.0) /* SDF data is missing */
+ error=1;
+
+ if (terrain>-4999.0) /* It's land, not water */
+ {
+ sum+=terrain; /* Sum of averages */
+ c++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (error)
+ return -5000.0;
+ else
+ {
+ avg_terrain=(sum/(double)c);
+ haat=(antenna.alt+GetElevation(antenna))-avg_terrain;
+ return haat;
+ }
+}
+
+void PlaceMarker(struct site location)
+{
+ /* This function places text and marker data in the mask array
+ for illustration on topographic maps generated by SPLAT!.
+ By default, SPLAT! centers text information BELOW the marker,
+ but may move it above, to the left, or to the right of the
+ marker depending on how much room is available on the map,
+ or depending on whether the area is already occupied by
+ another marker or label. If no room or clear space is
+ available on the map to place the marker and its associated
+ text, then the marker and text are not written to the map. */
+
+ int a, b, c, byte;
+ char ok2print, occupied;
+ double x, y, lat, lon, textx=0.0, texty=0.0, xmin, xmax,
+ ymin, ymax, p1, p3, p6, p8, p12, p16, p24, label_length;
+
+ xmin=min_north;
+ xmax=max_north;
+ ymin=min_west;
+ ymax=max_west;
+ lat=location.lat;
+ lon=location.lon;
+
+ if (lat<xmax && lat>xmin && lon<ymax && lon>ymin)
+ {
+ p1=1.0/1200.0;
+ p3=3.0/1200.0;
+ p6=6.0/1200.0;
+ p8=8.0/1200.0;
+ p12=12.0/1200.0;
+ p16=16.0/1200.0;
+ p24=24.0/1200.0;
+ ok2print=0;
+ occupied=0;
+
+ /* Is Marker Position Clear Of Text Or Other Markers? */
+
+ for (x=lat-p3; (x<=xmax && x>=xmin && x<=lat+p3); x+=p1)
+ for (y=lon-p3; (y<=ymax && y>=ymin && y<=lon+p3); y+=p1)
+ occupied|=(GetMask(x,y)&2);
+
+ if (occupied==0)
+ {
+ /* Determine Where Text Can Be Positioned */
+
+ /* label_length=length in pixels.
+ Each character is 8 pixels wide. */
+
+ label_length=p1*(double)(strlen(location.name)<<3);
+
+ if (((lon+label_length)<=ymax) && (lon-label_length)>=ymin)
+ {
+ /* Default: Centered Text */
+
+ texty=lon+label_length/2.0;
+
+ if ((lat-p8)>=p16)
+ {
+ /* Position Text Below The Marker */
+
+ textx=lat-p8;
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ /* Is This Position Clear Of
+ Text Or Other Markers? */
+
+ for (a=0, occupied=0; a<16; a++)
+ {
+ for (b=0; b<(int)strlen(location.name); b++)
+ for (c=0; c<8; c++, y-=p1)
+ occupied|=(GetMask(x,y)&2);
+ x-=p1;
+ y=texty;
+ }
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ if (occupied==0)
+ ok2print=1;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Position Text Above The Marker */
+
+ textx=lat+p24;
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ /* Is This Position Clear Of
+ Text Or Other Markers? */
+
+ for (a=0, occupied=0; a<16; a++)
+ {
+ for (b=0; b<(int)strlen(location.name); b++)
+ for (c=0; c<8; c++, y-=p1)
+ occupied|=(GetMask(x,y)&2);
+ x-=p1;
+ y=texty;
+ }
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ if (occupied==0)
+ ok2print=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (ok2print==0)
+ {
+ if ((lon-label_length)>=ymin)
+ {
+ /* Position Text To The
+ Right Of The Marker */
+
+ textx=lat+p6;
+ texty=lon-p12;
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ /* Is This Position Clear Of
+ Text Or Other Markers? */
+
+ for (a=0, occupied=0; a<16; a++)
+ {
+ for (b=0; b<(int)strlen(location.name); b++)
+ for (c=0; c<8; c++, y-=p1)
+ occupied|=(GetMask(x,y)&2);
+ x-=p1;
+ y=texty;
+ }
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ if (occupied==0)
+ ok2print=1;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Position Text To The
+ Left Of The Marker */
+
+ textx=lat+p6;
+ texty=lon+p8+(label_length);
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ /* Is This Position Clear Of
+ Text Or Other Markers? */
+
+ for (a=0, occupied=0; a<16; a++)
+ {
+ for (b=0; b<(int)strlen(location.name); b++)
+ for (c=0; c<8; c++, y-=p1)
+ occupied|=(GetMask(x,y)&2);
+ x-=p1;
+ y=texty;
+ }
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ if (occupied==0)
+ ok2print=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* textx and texty contain the latitude and longitude
+ coordinates that describe the placement of the text
+ on the map. */
+
+ if (ok2print && textx!=0.0 && texty!=0.0)
+ {
+ /* Draw Text */
+
+ x=textx;
+ y=texty;
+
+ for (a=0; a<16 && ok2print; a++)
+ {
+ for (b=0; b<(int)strlen(location.name); b++)
+ {
+ byte=fontdata[16*(location.name[b])+a];
+
+ for (c=128; c>0; c=c>>1, y-=p1)
+ if (byte&c)
+ OrMask(x,y,2);
+ }
+ x-=p1;
+ y=texty;
+ }
+
+ /* Draw Square Marker Centered
+ On Location Specified */
+
+ for (x=lat-p3; (x<=xmax && x>=xmin && x<=lat+p3); x+=p1)
+ for (y=lon-p3; (y<=ymax && y>=ymin && y<=lon+p3); y+=p1)
+ OrMask(x,y,2);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+double ReadBearing(char *input)
+{
+ /* This function takes numeric input in the form of a character
+ string, and returns an equivalent bearing in degrees as a
+ decimal number (double). The input may either be expressed
+ in decimal format (40.139722) or degree, minute, second
+ format (40 08 23). This function also safely handles
+ extra spaces found either leading, trailing, or
+ embedded within the numbers expressed in the
+ input string. Decimal seconds are permitted. */
+
+ double bearing=0.0;
+ char string[20];
+ int a, b, length, degrees, minutes;
+ double seconds;
+
+ /* Copy "input" to "string", and ignore any extra
+ spaces that might be present in the process. */
+
+ string[0]=0;
+ length=strlen(input);
+
+ for (a=0, b=0; a<length && a<18; a++)
+ {
+ if ((input[a]!=32 && input[a]!='\n') || (input[a]==32 && input[a+1]!=32 && b!=0))
+ {
+ string[b]=input[a];
+ b++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ string[b]=0;
+
+ /* Count number of spaces in the clean string. */
+
+ length=strlen(string);
+
+ for (a=0, b=0; a<length; a++)
+ if (string[a]==32)
+ b++;
+
+ if (b==0) /* Decimal Format (40.139722) */
+ sscanf(string,"%lf",&bearing);
+
+ if (b==2) /* Degree, Minute, Second Format (40 08 23) */
+ {
+ sscanf(string,"%d %d %lf",°rees, &minutes, &seconds);
+ bearing=(double)degrees+((double)minutes/60)+(seconds/3600);
+ }
+
+ /* Anything else returns a 0.0 */
+
+ if (bearing>360.0 || bearing<0.0)
+ bearing=0.0;
+
+ return bearing;
+}
+
+struct site LoadQTH(char *filename)
+{
+ /* This function reads SPLAT! .qth (site location) files.
+ The latitude and longitude may be expressed either in
+ decimal degrees, or in degree, minute, second format.
+ Antenna height is assumed to be expressed in feet above
+ ground level (AGL), unless followed by the letter 'M',
+ or 'm', or by the word "meters" or "Meters", in which
+ case meters is assumed, and is handled accordingly. */
+
+ int x;
+ char string[50], qthfile[255];
+ struct site tempsite;
+ FILE *fd=NULL;
+
+ for (x=0; filename[x]!='.' && filename[x]!=0 && x<250; x++)
+ qthfile[x]=filename[x];
+
+ qthfile[x]='.';
+ qthfile[x+1]='q';
+ qthfile[x+2]='t';
+ qthfile[x+3]='h';
+ qthfile[x+4]=0;
+
+ tempsite.lat=0.0;
+ tempsite.lon=0.0;
+ tempsite.alt=0.0;
+ tempsite.name[0]=0;
+
+ fd=fopen(qthfile,"r");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ /* Site Name */
+ fgets(string,49,fd);
+
+ /* Strip <CR> and/or <LF> from end of site name */
+
+ for (x=0; string[x]!=13 && string[x]!=10 && string[x]!=0; tempsite.name[x]=string[x], x++);
+
+ tempsite.name[x]=0;
+
+ /* Site Latitude */
+ fgets(string,49,fd);
+ tempsite.lat=ReadBearing(string);
+
+ /* Site Longitude */
+ fgets(string,49,fd);
+ tempsite.lon=ReadBearing(string);
+
+ /* Antenna Height */
+ fgets(string,49,fd);
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ /* Remove <CR> and/or <LF> from antenna height string */
+ for (x=0; string[x]!=13 && string[x]!=10 && string[x]!=0; x++);
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ /* Antenna height may either be in feet or meters.
+ If the letter 'M' or 'm' is discovered in
+ the string, then this is an indication that
+ the value given is expressed in meters, and
+ must be converted to feet before exiting. */
+
+ for (x=0; string[x]!='M' && string[x]!='m' && string[x]!=0 && x<48; x++);
+ if (string[x]=='M' || string[x]=='m')
+ {
+ string[x]=0;
+ sscanf(string,"%lf",&tempsite.alt);
+ tempsite.alt*=3.28084;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ string[x]=0;
+ sscanf(string,"%lf",&tempsite.alt);
+ }
+ }
+
+ return tempsite;
+}
+
+int LoadSDF_SDF(char *name)
+{
+ /* This function reads uncompressed SPLAT Data Files (.sdf)
+ containing digital elevation model data into memory.
+ Elevation data, maximum and minimum elevations, and
+ quadrangle limits are stored in the first available
+ dem[] structure. */
+
+ int x, y, data, indx, minlat, minlon, maxlat, maxlon;
+ char found, free_slot=0, line[20], sdf_file[255], path_plus_name[255];
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<250; x++)
+ sdf_file[x]=name[x];
+
+ sdf_file[x]=0;
+
+ /* Parse filename for minimum latitude and longitude values */
+
+ sscanf(sdf_file,"%d:%d:%d:%d",&minlat,&maxlat,&minlon,&maxlon);
+
+ sdf_file[x]='.';
+ sdf_file[x+1]='s';
+ sdf_file[x+2]='d';
+ sdf_file[x+3]='f';
+ sdf_file[x+4]=0;
+
+ /* Is it already in memory? */
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0; indx++)
+ {
+ if (minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west && maxlat==dem[indx].max_north && maxlon==dem[indx].max_west)
+ found=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Is room available to load it? */
+
+ if (found==0)
+ {
+ for (indx=0, free_slot=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && free_slot==0; indx++)
+ if (dem[indx].max_north==0 && dem[indx].max_west==0)
+ free_slot=1;
+ }
+
+ indx--;
+
+ if (free_slot && found==0 && indx>=0 && indx<MAXSLOTS && minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ strncpy(path_plus_name,sdf_path,255);
+ strncat(path_plus_name,sdf_file,255);
+
+ fd=fopen(path_plus_name,"rb");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"Loading \"%s\" into slot %d...",path_plus_name,indx+1);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fgets(line,19,fd);
+ sscanf(line,"%d",&dem[indx].max_west);
+
+ fgets(line,19,fd);
+ sscanf(line,"%d",&dem[indx].min_north);
+
+ fgets(line,19,fd);
+ sscanf(line,"%d",&dem[indx].min_west);
+
+ fgets(line,19,fd);
+ sscanf(line,"%d",&dem[indx].max_north);
+
+ for (x=0; x<1200; x++)
+ for (y=0; y<1200; y++)
+ {
+ fgets(line,19,fd);
+ sscanf(line,"%d",&data);
+ dem[indx].data[x][y]=data;
+
+ if (data>dem[indx].max_el)
+ dem[indx].max_el=data;
+
+ if (dem[indx].min_el==0)
+ dem[indx].min_el=data;
+ else
+ {
+ if (data<dem[indx].min_el)
+ dem[indx].min_el=data;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ if (min_elevation==0)
+ min_elevation=dem[indx].min_el;
+
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_el<min_elevation)
+ min_elevation=dem[indx].min_el;
+ }
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_el>max_elevation)
+ max_elevation=dem[indx].max_el;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_north>max_north)
+ max_north=dem[indx].max_north;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_west>max_west)
+ max_west=dem[indx].max_west;
+
+ if (min_north==0)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_north<min_north)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ }
+
+ if (min_west==0)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_west<min_west)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ else
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+char *BZfgets(BZFILE *bzfd, unsigned length)
+{
+ /* This function returns at most one less than 'length' number
+ of characters from a bz2 compressed file whose file descriptor
+ is pointed to by *bzfd. In operation, a buffer is filled with
+ uncompressed data (size = BZBUFFER), which is then parsed
+ and doled out as NULL terminated character strings every time
+ this function is invoked. A NULL string indicates an EOF
+ or error condition. */
+
+ static int x, y, nBuf;
+ static char buffer[BZBUFFER+1], output[BZBUFFER+1];
+ char done=0;
+
+ if (opened!=1 && bzerror==BZ_OK)
+ {
+ /* First time through. Initialize everything! */
+
+ x=0;
+ y=0;
+ nBuf=0;
+ opened=1;
+ output[0]=0;
+ }
+
+ do
+ {
+ if (x==nBuf && bzerror!=BZ_STREAM_END && bzerror==BZ_OK && opened)
+ {
+ /* Uncompress data into a static buffer */
+
+ nBuf=BZ2_bzRead(&bzerror, bzfd, buffer, BZBUFFER);
+ buffer[nBuf]=0;
+ x=0;
+ }
+
+ /* Build a string from buffer contents */
+
+ output[y]=buffer[x];
+
+ if (output[y]=='\n' || output[y]==0 || y==(int)length-1)
+ {
+ output[y+1]=0;
+ done=1;
+ y=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ y++;
+ x++;
+
+ } while (done==0);
+
+ if (output[0]==0)
+ opened=0;
+
+ return (output);
+}
+
+int LoadSDF_BZ(char *name)
+{
+ /* This function reads .bz2 compressed SPLAT Data Files containing
+ digital elevation model data into memory. Elevation data,
+ maximum and minimum elevations, and quadrangle limits are
+ stored in the first available dem[] structure. */
+
+ int x, y, data, indx, minlat, minlon, maxlat, maxlon;
+ char found, free_slot=0, sdf_file[255], path_plus_name[255];
+ FILE *fd;
+ BZFILE *bzfd;
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<247; x++)
+ sdf_file[x]=name[x];
+
+ sdf_file[x]=0;
+
+ /* Parse sdf_file name for minimum latitude and longitude values */
+
+ sscanf(sdf_file,"%d:%d:%d:%d",&minlat,&maxlat,&minlon,&maxlon);
+
+ sdf_file[x]='.';
+ sdf_file[x+1]='s';
+ sdf_file[x+2]='d';
+ sdf_file[x+3]='f';
+ sdf_file[x+4]='.';
+ sdf_file[x+5]='b';
+ sdf_file[x+6]='z';
+ sdf_file[x+7]='2';
+ sdf_file[x+8]=0;
+
+ /* Is it already in memory? */
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0; indx++)
+ {
+ if (minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west && maxlat==dem[indx].max_north && maxlon==dem[indx].max_west)
+ found=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Is room available to load it? */
+
+ if (found==0)
+ {
+ for (indx=0, free_slot=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && free_slot==0; indx++)
+ if (dem[indx].max_north==0 && dem[indx].max_west==0)
+ free_slot=1;
+ }
+
+ indx--;
+
+ if (free_slot && found==0 && indx>=0 && indx<MAXSLOTS && minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ strncpy(path_plus_name,sdf_path,255);
+ strncat(path_plus_name,sdf_file,255);
+
+ fd=fopen(path_plus_name,"rb");
+ bzfd=BZ2_bzReadOpen(&bzerror,fd,0,0,NULL,0);
+
+ if (fd!=NULL && bzerror==BZ_OK)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"Loading \"%s\" into slot %d...",path_plus_name,indx+1);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ sscanf(BZfgets(bzfd,255),"%d",&dem[indx].max_west);
+ sscanf(BZfgets(bzfd,255),"%d",&dem[indx].min_north);
+ sscanf(BZfgets(bzfd,255),"%d",&dem[indx].min_west);
+ sscanf(BZfgets(bzfd,255),"%d",&dem[indx].max_north);
+
+ for (x=0; x<1200; x++)
+ for (y=0; y<1200; y++)
+ {
+ sscanf(BZfgets(bzfd,20),"%d",&data);
+ dem[indx].data[x][y]=data;
+
+ if (data>dem[indx].max_el)
+ dem[indx].max_el=data;
+
+ if (dem[indx].min_el==0)
+ dem[indx].min_el=data;
+ else
+ {
+ if (data<dem[indx].min_el)
+ dem[indx].min_el=data;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ BZ2_bzReadClose(&bzerror,bzfd);
+
+ if (min_elevation==0)
+ min_elevation=dem[indx].min_el;
+
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_el<min_elevation)
+ min_elevation=dem[indx].min_el;
+ }
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_el>max_elevation)
+ max_elevation=dem[indx].max_el;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_north>max_north)
+ max_north=dem[indx].max_north;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_west>max_west)
+ max_west=dem[indx].max_west;
+
+ if (min_north==0)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_north<min_north)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ }
+
+ if (min_west==0)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_west<min_west)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ return -1;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+char LoadSDF(char *name)
+{
+ /* This function loads the requested SDF file from the filesystem.
+ It first tries to invoke the LoadSDF_SDF() function to load an
+ uncompressed SDF file (since uncompressed files load slightly
+ faster). If that attempt fails, then it tries to load a
+ compressed SDF file by invoking the LoadSDF_BZ() function.
+ If that fails, then we can assume that no elevation data
+ exists for the region requested, and that the region
+ requested must be entirely over water. */
+
+ int x, y, indx, minlat, minlon, maxlat, maxlon;
+ char found, free_slot=0;
+ int return_value=-1;
+
+ /* Try to load an uncompressed SDF first. */
+
+ return_value=LoadSDF_SDF(name);
+
+ /* If that fails, try loading a compressed SDF. */
+
+ if (return_value==0 || return_value==-1)
+ return_value=LoadSDF_BZ(name);
+
+ /* If neither format can be found, then assume the area is water. */
+
+ if (return_value==0 || return_value==-1)
+ {
+ /* Parse SDF name for minimum latitude and longitude values */
+
+ sscanf(name,"%d:%d:%d:%d",&minlat,&maxlat,&minlon,&maxlon);
+
+ /* Is it already in memory? */
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0; indx++)
+ {
+ if (minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west && maxlat==dem[indx].max_north && maxlon==dem[indx].max_west)
+ found=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Is room available to load it? */
+
+ if (found==0)
+ {
+ for (indx=0, free_slot=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && free_slot==0; indx++)
+ if (dem[indx].max_north==0 && dem[indx].max_west==0)
+ free_slot=1;
+ }
+
+ indx--;
+
+ if (free_slot && found==0 && indx>=0 && indx<MAXSLOTS && minlat!=0 && minlon!=0)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"Region \"%s\" assumed as sea-level into slot %d...",name,indx+1);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ dem[indx].max_west=maxlon;
+ dem[indx].min_north=minlat;
+ dem[indx].min_west=minlon;
+ dem[indx].max_north=maxlat;
+
+ for (x=0; x<1200; x++)
+ for (y=0; y<1200; y++)
+ {
+ dem[indx].data[x][y]=0;
+
+ if (dem[indx].min_el>0)
+ dem[indx].min_el=0;
+ }
+
+ if (dem[indx].min_el<min_elevation)
+ min_elevation=dem[indx].min_el;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_el>max_elevation)
+ max_elevation=dem[indx].max_el;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_north>max_north)
+ max_north=dem[indx].max_north;
+
+ if (dem[indx].max_west>max_west)
+ max_west=dem[indx].max_west;
+
+ if (min_north==0)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_north<min_north)
+ min_north=dem[indx].min_north;
+ }
+
+ if (min_west==0)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ else
+ {
+ if (dem[indx].min_west<min_west)
+ min_west=dem[indx].min_west;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ return_value=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return return_value;
+}
+
+void LoadCities(char *filename)
+{
+ /* This function reads SPLAT! city/site files, and plots
+ the locations and names of the cities and site locations
+ read on topographic maps generated by SPLAT! */
+
+ int x, y, z;
+ char input[80], str[3][80];
+ struct site city_site;
+ FILE *fd=NULL;
+
+ fd=fopen(filename,"r");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fgets(input,78,fd);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Reading \"%s\"... ",filename);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ while (fd!=NULL && feof(fd)==0)
+ {
+ /* Parse line for name, latitude, and longitude */
+
+ for (x=0, y=0, z=0; x<78 && input[x]!=0 && z<3; x++)
+ {
+ if (input[x]!=',' && y<78)
+ {
+ str[z][y]=input[x];
+ y++;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ str[z][y]=0;
+ z++;
+ y=0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ strncpy(city_site.name,str[0],49);
+ city_site.lat=ReadBearing(str[1]);
+ city_site.lon=ReadBearing(str[2]);
+ city_site.alt=0.0;
+
+ PlaceMarker(city_site);
+
+ fgets(input,78,fd);
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fprintf(stdout,"Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"*** ERROR: \"%s\": not found!\n",filename);
+}
+
+void LoadBoundaries(char *filename)
+{
+ /* This function reads Cartographic Boundary Files available from
+ the U.S. Census Bureau, and plots the data contained in those
+ files on the PPM Map generated by SPLAT!. Such files contain
+ the coordinates that describe the boundaries of cities,
+ counties, and states. */
+
+ int x;
+ double lat0, lon0, lat1, lon1;
+ char string[80];
+ struct site source, destination;
+ FILE *fd=NULL;
+
+ fd=fopen(filename,"r");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fgets(string,78,fd);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Reading \"%s\"... ",filename);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ do
+ {
+ fgets(string,78,fd);
+ sscanf(string,"%lf %lf", &lon0, &lat0);
+ fgets(string,78,fd);
+
+ do
+ {
+ sscanf(string,"%lf %lf", &lon1, &lat1);
+
+ lon0=fabs(lon0);
+ lon1=fabs(lon1);
+
+ source.lat=lat0;
+ source.lon=lon0;
+ destination.lat=lat1;
+ destination.lon=lon1;
+
+ ReadPath(source,destination);
+
+ for (x=0; x<path.length; x++)
+ OrMask(path.lat[x],path.lon[x],4);
+
+ lat0=lat1;
+ lon0=lon1;
+
+ fgets(string,78,fd);
+
+ } while (strncmp(string,"END",3)!=0 && feof(fd)==0);
+
+ fgets(string,78,fd);
+
+ } while (strncmp(string,"END",3)!=0 && feof(fd)==0);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"*** ERROR: \"%s\": not found!\n",filename);
+}
+
+void ReadLRParm(char *txsite_filename)
+{
+ /* This function reads Longley-Rice parameter data for the
+ transmitter site. The file name is the same as the txsite,
+ except the filename extension is .lrp. If the needed file
+ is not found, then the file "splat.lrp" is read from the
+ current working directory. Failure to load this file will
+ result in the default parameters hard coded into this
+ being used and written to "splat.lrp". */
+
+ double din;
+ char filename[255], lookup[256], string[80];
+ int iin, ok=0, x;
+ FILE *fd=NULL, *outfile=NULL;
+
+ /* Default parameters in case things go bad */
+
+ LR.eps_dielect=15.0;
+ LR.sgm_conductivity=0.005;
+ LR.eno_ns_surfref=301.0;
+ LR.frq_mhz=300.0;
+ LR.radio_climate=5;
+ LR.pol=0;
+ LR.conf=0.50;
+ LR.rel=0.50;
+
+ /* Modify txsite filename to one with a .lrp extension. */
+
+ strncpy(filename,txsite_filename,255);
+
+ for (x=0; filename[x]!='.' && filename[x]!=0 && filename[x]!='\n' && x<249; x++);
+
+ filename[x]='.';
+ filename[x+1]='l';
+ filename[x+2]='r';
+ filename[x+3]='p';
+ filename[x+4]=0;
+
+ /* Small lookup table to parse file, pass
+ numeric data, and ignore comments. */
+
+ for (x=0; x<=255; x++)
+ lookup[x]=0;
+
+ /* Valid characters */
+
+ for (x=48; x<=57; x++)
+ lookup[x]=x;
+
+ lookup[32]=32;
+ lookup[46]='.';
+
+ fd=fopen(filename,"r");
+
+ if (fd==NULL)
+ {
+ /* Load default "splat.lrp" file */
+
+ strncpy(filename,"splat.lrp\0",10);
+ fd=fopen(filename,"r");
+ }
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.eps_dielect=din;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.sgm_conductivity=din;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.eno_ns_surfref=din;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.frq_mhz=din;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%d", &iin);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.radio_climate=iin;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%d", &iin);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.pol=iin;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ {
+ LR.conf=din;
+
+ fgets(string,80,fd);
+
+ for (x=0; lookup[(int)string[x]] && x<20; x++)
+ string[x]=lookup[(int)string[x]];
+
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ ok=sscanf(string,"%lf", &din);
+ }
+
+ if (ok)
+ LR.rel=din;
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ }
+
+ if (fd==NULL)
+ {
+ /* Create a "splat.lrp" file since one
+ could not be successfully loaded. */
+
+ outfile=fopen("splat.lrp","w");
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%.3f\t; Earth Dielectric Constant (Relative permittivity)\n",LR.eps_dielect);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%.3f\t; Earth Conductivity (Siemens per meter)\n", LR.sgm_conductivity);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%.3f\t; Atmospheric Bending Constant (N-Units)\n",LR.eno_ns_surfref);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%.3f\t; Frequency in MHz (20 MHz to 20 GHz)\n", LR.frq_mhz);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%d\t; Radio Climate\n",LR.radio_climate);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%d\t; Polarization (0 = Horizontal, 1 = Vertical)\n", LR.pol);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"%.2f\t; Fraction of situations\n",LR.conf);
+
+ fprintf(outfile, "%.2f\t; Fraction of time\n",LR.rel);
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"\nPlease consult SPLAT! documentation for the meaning and use of this data.\n");
+
+ fclose(outfile);
+
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n%c*** There were problems reading your \"%s\" file! ***\nA \"splat.lrp\" file was written to your directory with default data.\n",7,filename);
+ }
+
+ if (fd==NULL || ok==0)
+ fprintf(stderr,"Longley-Rice default parameters have been assumed for this analysis.\n");
+}
+
+struct site los(struct site source, struct site destination)
+{
+ /* This function determines whether a line-of-sight path
+ unobstructed by terrain exists between source (transmitter)
+ and destination (receiver) based on the geographical
+ locations of the two sites, their respective antenna
+ heights above ground, and the terrain between them.
+ A site structure is returned upon completion. If the
+ first character of site.name is ' ', then a clear path
+ exists between source and destination. If the first
+ character is '*', then an obstruction exists, and the
+ site.lat and site.lon elements of the structure provide
+ the geographical location of the obstruction. */
+
+ int x;
+ char block;
+ struct site test, blockage;
+ register double distance, tx_alt, rx_alt,
+ cos_xmtr_angle, cos_test_angle, test_alt;
+
+ ReadPath(source,destination);
+
+ distance=5280.0*Distance(source,destination);
+ tx_alt=earthradius+source.alt+GetElevation(source);
+ rx_alt=earthradius+destination.alt+GetElevation(destination);
+
+ /* Elevation angle of the xmtr (source) as seen by the rcvr */
+
+ cos_xmtr_angle=((rx_alt*rx_alt)+(distance*distance)-(tx_alt*tx_alt))/(2.0*rx_alt*distance);
+
+ /* Determine the elevation angle of each discrete location
+ along the path between the receiver and transmitter.
+
+ Since obstructions are more likely due to terrain effects
+ closest to the receiver rather than farther away, we start
+ looking for potential obstructions from the receiver's
+ location, and work our way towards the transmitter.
+ This loop is broken when the first obstruction is
+ detected. If we can travel all the way to the transmitter
+ without detecting an obstruction, then we have a clear
+ unobstructed path between transmitter and receiver. */
+
+ for (x=path.length-1, block=0; x>0 && block==0; x--)
+ {
+ /* Build a structure for each test
+ point along the path to be surveyed. */
+
+ test.lat=path.lat[x];
+ test.lon=path.lon[x];
+
+ /* Measure the distance between the
+ test point and the receiver locations */
+
+ distance=5280.0*Distance(test,destination);
+ test_alt=earthradius+path.elevation[x];
+
+ /* Determine the cosine of the elevation of the test
+ point as seen from the location of the receiver */
+
+ cos_test_angle=((rx_alt*rx_alt)+(distance*distance)-(test_alt*test_alt))/(2.0*rx_alt*distance);
+
+ /* If the elevation angle to the test point (as seen from
+ the receiver) is greater than the elevation angle to the
+ transmitter (as seen by the receiver), then we have a
+ path obstructed by terrain. Note: Since we're comparing
+ the cosines of these angles rather than the angles
+ themselves (eliminating the call to acos() saves
+ considerable time), the following "if" statement is
+ reversed from what it would normally be if the angles
+ were compared. */
+
+ if (cos_xmtr_angle>cos_test_angle)
+ {
+ block=1;
+ blockage.lat=path.lat[x];
+ blockage.lon=path.lon[x];
+ blockage.alt=path.elevation[x];
+ blockage.name[0]='*';
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (block==0)
+ {
+ blockage.lat=0.0;
+ blockage.lon=0.0;
+ blockage.alt=0.0;
+ blockage.name[0]=' ';
+ }
+
+ return blockage;
+}
+
+void PlotPath(struct site source, struct site destination, char mask_value)
+{
+ /* This function analyzes the path between the source and
+ destination locations. It determines which points along
+ the path have line-of-sight visibility to the source.
+ Points along with path having line-of-sight visibility
+ to the source at an AGL altitude equal to that of the
+ destination location are stored by setting bit 1 in the
+ mask[][] array, which are displayed in green when PPM
+ maps are later generated by SPLAT!. */
+
+ char block;
+ int x, y;
+ register double cos_xmtr_angle, cos_test_angle, test_alt;
+ double distance, rx_alt, tx_alt;
+
+ ReadPath(source,destination);
+
+ for (y=0; y<path.length; y++)
+ {
+ /* Test this point only if it hasn't been already
+ tested and found to be free of obstructions. */
+
+ if ((GetMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y])&mask_value)==0)
+ {
+ distance=5280.0*path.distance[y];
+ tx_alt=earthradius+source.alt+path.elevation[0];
+ rx_alt=earthradius+destination.alt+path.elevation[y];
+
+ /* Calculate the cosine of the elevation of the
+ transmitter as seen at the temp rx point. */
+
+ cos_xmtr_angle=((rx_alt*rx_alt)+(distance*distance)-(tx_alt*tx_alt))/(2.0*rx_alt*distance);
+
+ for (x=y, block=0; x>=0 && block==0; x--)
+ {
+ distance=5280.0*(path.distance[y]-path.distance[x]);
+ test_alt=earthradius+path.elevation[x];
+
+ cos_test_angle=((rx_alt*rx_alt)+(distance*distance)-(test_alt*test_alt))/(2.0*rx_alt*distance);
+
+ /* Compare these two angles to determine if
+ a blockage exists. Since we're comparing
+ the cosines of these angles rather than
+ the angles themselves, the following "if"
+ statement is reversed from what it would
+ be if the actual angles were compared. */
+
+ if (cos_xmtr_angle>cos_test_angle)
+ block=1;
+ }
+
+ if (block==0)
+ OrMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y],mask_value);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void PlotLRPath(struct site source, struct site destination)
+{
+ /* This function plots the RF signal path loss
+ between source and destination points based
+ on the Longley-Rice propagation model. */
+
+ char strmode[100];
+ int x, y, errnum;
+ double loss;
+
+ ReadPath(source,destination);
+ elev_l[1]=0.04*METERS_PER_MILE;
+
+ for (x=0; x<path.length; x++)
+ elev_l[x+2]=path.elevation[x]*METERS_PER_FOOT;
+
+ for (y=0; y<path.length; y++)
+ {
+ /* Test this point only if it
+ has not already been tested. */
+
+ if (GetMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y])==0 && 0.04*y<=max_range)
+ {
+ elev_l[0]=y+1;
+
+ point_to_point(elev_l,source.alt*METERS_PER_FOOT,
+ destination.alt*METERS_PER_FOOT,
+ LR.eps_dielect, LR.sgm_conductivity, LR.eno_ns_surfref,
+ LR.frq_mhz, LR.radio_climate, LR.pol, LR.conf, LR.rel,
+ loss, strmode, errnum);
+
+ /* Note: PASS BY REFERENCE ... loss and errnum are pass
+ by reference, only used in this file by this function */
+
+ if (loss>225.0)
+ loss=225.0;
+
+ if (loss<75.0)
+ loss=75.0;
+
+ loss-=75.0;
+ loss/=10.0;
+ loss+=1.0;
+
+ OrMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y],((unsigned char)(loss))<<3);
+ }
+
+ else if (GetMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y])==0 && 0.04*y>max_range)
+ OrMask(path.lat[y],path.lon[y],1);
+ }
+}
+
+void PlotCoverage(struct site source, double altitude)
+{
+ /* This function performs a 360 degree sweep around the
+ transmitter site (source location), and plots the
+ line-of-sight coverage of the transmitter on the SPLAT!
+ generated topographic map based on a receiver located
+ at the specified altitude (in feet AGL). Results
+ are stored in memory, and written out in the form
+ of a topographic map when the WritePPM() function
+ is later invoked. */
+
+ double lat, lon, one_pixel;
+ static unsigned char mask_value;
+ int z, count;
+ struct site edge;
+ unsigned char symbol[4], x;
+
+ /* Initialize mask_value */
+
+ if (mask_value!=8 && mask_value!=16 && mask_value!=32)
+ mask_value=1;
+
+ one_pixel=1.0/1200.0;
+
+ symbol[0]='.';
+ symbol[1]='o';
+ symbol[2]='O';
+ symbol[3]='o';
+
+ count=0;
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nComputing line-of-sight coverage of %s with an RX antenna\nat %.2f feet AGL:\n\n 0%c to 25%c ",source.name,altitude,37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ /* 18.75=1200 pixels/degree divided by 64 loops
+ per progress indicator symbol (.oOo) printed. */
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_west-min_west));
+
+ for (lon=min_west, x=0; lon<=max_west; lon+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=max_north;
+ edge.lon=lon;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotPath(source,edge,mask_value);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n25%c to 50%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_north-min_north));
+
+ for (lat=max_north, x=0; lat>=min_north; lat-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=lat;
+ edge.lon=min_west;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotPath(source,edge,mask_value);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n50%c to 75%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_west-min_west));
+
+ for (lon=min_west, x=0; lon<=max_west; lon+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=min_north;
+ edge.lon=lon;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotPath(source,edge,mask_value);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n75%c to 100%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_north-min_north));
+
+ for (lat=min_north, x=0; lat<=max_north; lat+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=lat;
+ edge.lon=max_west;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotPath(source,edge,mask_value);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nDone!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ /* Assign next mask value */
+
+ switch (mask_value)
+ {
+ case 1:
+ mask_value=8;
+ break;
+
+ case 8:
+ mask_value=16;
+ break;
+
+ case 16:
+ mask_value=32;
+ }
+}
+
+void PlotLRMap(struct site source, double altitude)
+{
+ /* This function performs a 360 degree sweep around the
+ transmitter site (source location), and plots the
+ Longley-Rice attenuation on the SPLAT! generated
+ topographic map based on a receiver located at
+ the specified altitude (in feet AGL). Results
+ are stored in memory, and written out in the form
+ of a topographic map when the WritePPMLR() function
+ is later invoked. */
+
+ int z, count;
+ struct site edge;
+ double lat, lon, one_pixel;
+ unsigned char symbol[4], x;
+
+ one_pixel=1.0/1200.0;
+
+ symbol[0]='.';
+ symbol[1]='o';
+ symbol[2]='O';
+ symbol[3]='o';
+
+ count=0;
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nComputing Longley-Rice coverage of %s ", source.name);
+ fprintf(stdout,"out to a radius\nof %.2f miles with an RX antenna at %.2f feet AGL:\n\n 0%c to 25%c ",max_range,altitude,37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ /* 18.75=1200 pixels/degree divided by 64 loops
+ per progress indicator symbol (.oOo) printed. */
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_west-min_west));
+
+ for (lon=min_west, x=0; lon<=max_west; lon+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=max_north;
+ edge.lon=lon;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotLRPath(source,edge);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n25%c to 50%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_north-min_north));
+
+ for (lat=max_north, x=0; lat>=min_north; lat-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=lat;
+ edge.lon=min_west;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotLRPath(source,edge);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n50%c to 75%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_west-min_west));
+
+ for (lon=min_west, x=0; lon<=max_west; lon+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=min_north;
+ edge.lon=lon;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotLRPath(source,edge);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ count=0;
+ fprintf(stdout,"\n75%c to 100%c ",37,37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ z=(int)(18.75*(max_north-min_north));
+
+ for (lat=min_north, x=0; lat<=max_north; lat+=one_pixel)
+ {
+ edge.lat=lat;
+ edge.lon=max_west;
+ edge.alt=altitude;
+
+ PlotLRPath(source,edge);
+ count++;
+
+ if (count==z)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"%c",symbol[x]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ count=0;
+
+ if (x==3)
+ x=0;
+ else
+ x++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nDone!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void WritePPM(char *filename)
+{
+ /* This function generates a topographic map in Portable Pix Map
+ (PPM) format based on logarithmically scaled topology data,
+ as well as the content of flags held in the mask[][] array.
+ The image created is rotated counter-clockwise 90 degrees
+ from its representation in dem[][] so that north points
+ up and east points right in the image generated. */
+
+ int indx, x, x0, y0, minlat, minlon;
+ unsigned width, height, output;
+ unsigned char found, mask;
+ char mapfile[255];
+ double conversion, lat, lon, one_over_gamma, one_pixel;
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ one_pixel=1.0/1200.0;
+ one_over_gamma=1.0/GAMMA;
+ conversion=255.0/pow((double)(max_elevation-min_elevation),one_over_gamma);
+
+ width=1200*(max_west-min_west);
+ height=1200*(max_north-min_north);
+
+ if (filename[0]==0)
+ strncpy(mapfile, "map.ppm\0",8);
+ else
+ {
+ for (x=0; filename[x]!='.' && filename[x]!=0 && x<250; x++)
+ mapfile[x]=filename[x];
+
+ mapfile[x]='.';
+ mapfile[x+1]='p';
+ mapfile[x+2]='p';
+ mapfile[x+3]='m';
+ mapfile[x+4]=0;
+ }
+
+ fd=fopen(mapfile,"wb");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"P6\n%u %u\n255\n",width,height);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nWriting \"%s\" (%ux%u pixmap image)... ",mapfile,width,height);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ for (lat=(double)max_north; lat>=(double)min_north; lat-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ for (lon=(double)max_west; lon>=(double)min_west; lon-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ minlat=(int)floor(lat);
+ minlon=(int)floor(lon);
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0;)
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west)
+ found=1;
+ else
+ indx++;
+ if (found)
+ {
+ x0=(int)((1199.0*(lat-floor(lat)))+0.5);
+ y0=(int)((1199.0*(lon-floor(lon)))+0.5);
+
+ mask=dem[indx].mask[x0][y0];
+
+ if (mask&2)
+ /* Text Labels: Red */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,0,0);
+
+ else if (mask&4)
+ /* County Boundaries: Light Cyan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",128,128,255);
+
+ else switch (mask&57)
+ {
+ case 1:
+ /* TX1: Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 8:
+ /* TX2: Cyan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,255);
+ break;
+
+ case 9:
+ /* TX1 + TX2: Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 16:
+ /* TX3: Medium Violet */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",147,112,219);
+ break;
+
+ case 17:
+ /* TX1 + TX3: Pink */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,192,203);
+ break;
+
+ case 24:
+ /* TX2 + TX3: Orange */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,165,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 25:
+ /* TX1 + TX2 + TX3: Dark Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,100,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 32:
+ /* TX4: Sienna 1 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,130,71);
+ break;
+
+ case 33:
+ /* TX1 + TX4: Green Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",173,255,47);
+ break;
+
+ case 40:
+ /* TX2 + TX4: Dark Sea Green 1 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",193,255,193);
+ break;
+
+ case 41:
+ /* TX1 + TX2 + TX4: Blanched Almond */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,235,205);
+ break;
+
+ case 48:
+ /* TX3 + TX4: Dark Turquoise */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,206,209);
+ break;
+
+ case 49:
+ /* TX1 + TX3 + TX4: Medium Spring Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,250,154);
+ break;
+
+ case 56:
+ /* TX2 + TX3 + TX4: Tan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",210,180,140);
+ break;
+
+ case 57:
+ /* TX1 + TX2 + TX3 + TX4: Gold2 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",238,201,0);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ /* Water: Medium Blue */
+ if (dem[indx].data[x0][y0]==0)
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,170);
+ else
+ {
+ /* Elevation: Greyscale */
+ output=(unsigned)(0.5+pow((double)(dem[indx].data[x0][y0]-min_elevation),one_over_gamma)*conversion);
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",output,output,output);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fprintf(stdout,"Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void WritePPMLR(char *filename)
+{
+ /* This function generates a topographic map in Portable Pix Map
+ (PPM) format based on the content of flags held in the mask[][]
+ array (only). The image created is rotated counter-clockwise
+ 90 degrees from its representation in dem[][] so that north
+ points up and east points right in the image generated. */
+
+ int indx, x, t, t2, x0, y0, minlat, minlon;
+ unsigned width, height, output;
+ unsigned char found, mask;
+ char mapfile[255];
+ double conversion, lat, lon, one_over_gamma, one_pixel;
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ one_pixel=1.0/1200.0;
+ one_over_gamma=1.0/GAMMA;
+ conversion=255.0/pow((double)(max_elevation-min_elevation),one_over_gamma);
+
+ width=1200*(max_west-min_west);
+ height=1200*(max_north-min_north);
+
+ if (filename[0]==0)
+ strncpy(mapfile, "map.ppm\0",8);
+ else
+ {
+ for (x=0; filename[x]!='.' && filename[x]!=0 && x<250; x++)
+ mapfile[x]=filename[x];
+
+ mapfile[x]='.';
+ mapfile[x+1]='p';
+ mapfile[x+2]='p';
+ mapfile[x+3]='m';
+ mapfile[x+4]=0;
+ }
+
+ fd=fopen(mapfile,"wb");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"P6\n%u %u\n255\n",width,height+30);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nWriting \"%s\" (%ux%u pixmap image)... ",mapfile,width,height+30);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ for (lat=(double)max_north; lat>=(double)min_north; lat-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ for (lon=(double)max_west; lon>=(double)min_west; lon-=one_pixel)
+ {
+ minlat=(int)floor(lat);
+ minlon=(int)floor(lon);
+
+ for (indx=0, found=0; indx<MAXSLOTS && found==0;)
+ if (minlat==dem[indx].min_north && minlon==dem[indx].min_west)
+ found=1;
+ else
+ indx++;
+ if (found)
+ {
+ x0=(int)((1199.0*(lat-floor(lat)))+0.5);
+ y0=(int)((1199.0*(lon-floor(lon)))+0.5);
+
+ mask=dem[indx].mask[x0][y0];
+
+ if (mask&2)
+ {
+ /* Text Labels - Black or Red */
+ if (mask&120)
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,0);
+ else
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,0,0);
+ }
+
+ else if (mask&4)
+ /* County Boundaries: Black */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,0);
+
+ else if (mask&1 && !((mask&248)==192))
+ {
+ /* Outside Analysis Range */
+ /* Display Greyscale / Sea Level */
+
+ if (dem[indx].data[x0][y0]==0)
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,170);
+ else
+ {
+ output=(unsigned)(0.5+pow((double)(dem[indx].data[x0][y0]-min_elevation),one_over_gamma)*conversion);
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",output,output,output);
+ }
+ }
+
+ else switch ((mask&248)>>3)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ /* Inside range, but no coverage.
+ Display Sea Level / Terrain */
+
+ if (dem[indx].data[x0][y0]==0)
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,170);
+ else
+ {
+ /* Elevation: Greyscale */
+ output=(unsigned)(0.5+pow((double)(dem[indx].data[x0][y0]-min_elevation),one_over_gamma)*conversion);
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",output,output,output);
+ }
+
+ break;
+
+ case 1:
+ /* Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 2:
+ /* Pink */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,192,203);
+ break;
+
+ case 3:
+ /* Cyan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,255);
+ break;
+
+ case 4:
+ /* Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 5:
+ /* Medium Violet */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",161,131,224);
+ break;
+
+ case 6:
+ /* Orange */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,165,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 7:
+ /* Light Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",193,255,193);
+ break;
+
+ case 8:
+ /* Red Pink */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,108,108);
+ break;
+
+ case 9:
+ /* TX1 + TX4: Green Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",173,255,47);
+ break;
+
+ case 10:
+ /* Blanched Almond */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,235,184);
+ break;
+
+ case 11:
+ /* Dark Turquoise */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,206,209);
+ break;
+
+ case 12:
+ /* Tan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",210,180,140);
+ break;
+
+ case 13:
+ /* Magenta 1 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",243,110,205);
+ break;
+
+ case 14:
+ /* Gold2 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",238,201,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 15:
+ /* Medium Spring Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,250,154);
+ break;
+
+ case 16:
+ /* Very light Blue */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",244,244,255);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ /* Land / Sea */
+ if (dem[indx].data[x0][y0]==0)
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,170);
+ else
+ {
+ /* Elevation: Greyscale */
+ output=(unsigned)(0.5+pow((double)(dem[indx].data[x0][y0]-min_elevation),one_over_gamma)*conversion);
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",output,output,output);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ x0=width/16;
+
+ for (y0=0; y0<30; y0++)
+ {
+ for (indx=0; indx<16; indx++)
+ {
+ for (x=0; x<x0; x++)
+ {
+ t=indx;
+ t2=indx+8;
+
+ if (y0>=10 && y0<=18)
+ {
+ if (t2>9)
+ {
+ if (x>=11 && x<=17)
+ if (smallfont[t2/10][y0-10][x-11])
+ t=255;
+ }
+
+ if (x>=19 && x<=25)
+ if (smallfont[t2%10][y0-10][x-19])
+ t=255;
+
+ if (x>=27 && x<=33)
+ if (smallfont[0][y0-10][x-27])
+ t=255;
+ }
+
+ switch (t)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ /* Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 1:
+ /* Pink */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,192,203);
+ break;
+
+ case 2:
+ /* Cyan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,255,255);
+ break;
+
+ case 3:
+ /* Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,255,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 4:
+ /* Medium Violet */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",161,131,224);
+ break;
+
+ case 5:
+ /* Orange */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,165,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 6:
+ /* Light Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",193,255,193);
+ break;
+
+ case 7:
+ /* Red Pink */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,108,108);
+ break;
+
+ case 8:
+ /* Green Yellow */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",173,255,47);
+ break;
+
+ case 9:
+ /* Blanched Almond */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",255,235,184);
+ break;
+
+ case 10:
+ /* Dark Turquoise */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,206,209);
+ break;
+
+ case 11:
+ /* Tan */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",210,180,140);
+ break;
+
+ case 12:
+ /* Magenta 1 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",243,110,205);
+ break;
+
+ case 13:
+ /* Gold2 */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",238,201,0);
+ break;
+
+ case 14:
+ /* Medium Spring Green */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,250,154);
+ break;
+
+ case 255:
+ /* Black */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",0,0,0);
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ /* Very Light Blue */
+ fprintf(fd,"%c%c%c",244,244,255);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fprintf(stdout,"Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void GraphTerrain(struct site source, struct site destination, char *name)
+{
+ /* This function invokes gnuplot to generate an appropriate
+ output file indicating the terrain profile between the source
+ and destination locations. "filename" is the name assigned
+ to the output file generated by gnuplot. The filename extension
+ is used to set gnuplot's terminal setting and output file type.
+ If no extension is found, .gif is assumed. */
+
+ int x, y, z;
+ char filename[255], term[15], ext[15];
+ FILE *fd=NULL;
+
+ ReadPath(destination,source);
+
+ fd=fopen("profile.gp","wb");
+
+ for (x=0; x<path.length; x++)
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[x],path.elevation[x]);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ if (name[0]==0)
+ {
+ /* Default filename and output file type */
+
+ strncpy(filename,"profile\0",8);
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Grab extension and terminal type from "name" */
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<254; x++)
+ filename[x]=name[x];
+
+ if (name[x]=='.')
+ {
+ for (y=0, z=x, x++; name[x]!=0 && x<254 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ {
+ term[y]=tolower(name[x]);
+ ext[y]=term[y];
+ }
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ term[y]=0;
+ filename[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ { /* No extension -- Default is gif */
+
+ filename[x]=0;
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Either .ps or .postscript may be used
+ as an extension for postscript output. */
+
+ if (strncmp(term,"postscript",10)==0)
+ strncpy(ext,"ps\0",3);
+
+ else if (strncmp(ext,"ps",2)==0)
+ strncpy(term,"postscript\0",11);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Writing \"%s.%s\"...",filename,ext);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fd=fopen("splat.gp","w");
+ fprintf(fd,"set grid\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set autoscale\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set term %s\n",term);
+ fprintf(fd,"set title \"SPLAT! Terrain Profile\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set xlabel \"Distance Between %s and %s (miles)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set ylabel \"Ground Elevation Above Sea Level (feet)\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set output \"%s.%s\"\n",filename,ext);
+ fprintf(fd,"plot \"profile.gp\" title \"\" with lines\n");
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ x=system("gnuplot splat.gp");
+
+ if (x!=-1)
+ {
+ unlink("splat.gp");
+ unlink("profile.gp");
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** ERROR: Error occurred invoking gnuplot!\n");
+}
+
+void GraphElevation(struct site source, struct site destination, char *name)
+{
+ /* This function invokes gnuplot to generate an appropriate
+ output file indicating the terrain profile between the source
+ and destination locations. "filename" is the name assigned
+ to the output file generated by gnuplot. The filename extension
+ is used to set gnuplot's terminal setting and output file type.
+ If no extension is found, .gif is assumed. */
+
+ int x, y, z;
+ char filename[255], term[15], ext[15];
+ double angle, refangle, maxangle=-90.0;
+ struct site remote;
+ FILE *fd=NULL, *fd2=NULL;
+
+ ReadPath(destination,source); /* destination=RX, source=TX */
+ refangle=ElevationAngle(destination,source);
+
+ fd=fopen("profile.gp","wb");
+ fd2=fopen("reference.gp","wb");
+
+ for (x=1; x<path.length-1; x++)
+ {
+ remote.lat=path.lat[x];
+ remote.lon=path.lon[x];
+ remote.alt=0.0;
+ angle=ElevationAngle(destination,remote);
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[x],angle);
+ fprintf(fd2,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[x],refangle);
+
+ if (angle>maxangle)
+ maxangle=angle;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[path.length-1],refangle);
+ fprintf(fd2,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[path.length-1],refangle);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fclose(fd2);
+
+ if (name[0]==0)
+ {
+ /* Default filename and output file type */
+
+ strncpy(filename,"profile\0",8);
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Grab extension and terminal type from "name" */
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<254; x++)
+ filename[x]=name[x];
+
+ if (name[x]=='.')
+ {
+ for (y=0, z=x, x++; name[x]!=0 && x<254 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ {
+ term[y]=tolower(name[x]);
+ ext[y]=term[y];
+ }
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ term[y]=0;
+ filename[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ { /* No extension -- Default is gif */
+
+ filename[x]=0;
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Either .ps or .postscript may be used
+ as an extension for postscript output. */
+
+ if (strncmp(term,"postscript",10)==0)
+ strncpy(ext,"ps\0",3);
+
+ else if (strncmp(ext,"ps",2)==0)
+ strncpy(term,"postscript\0",11);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Writing \"%s.%s\"...",filename,ext);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fd=fopen("splat.gp","w");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"set grid\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set yrange [%2.3f to %2.3f]\n", (-fabs(refangle)-0.25), maxangle+0.25);
+ fprintf(fd,"set term %s\n",term);
+ fprintf(fd,"set title \"SPLAT! Elevation Profile\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set xlabel \"Distance Between %s and %s (miles)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set ylabel \"Elevation Angle Along Path Between %s and %s (degrees)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set output \"%s.%s\"\n",filename,ext);
+ fprintf(fd,"plot \"profile.gp\" title \"Real Earth Profile\" with lines, \"reference.gp\" title \"Line Of Sight Path\" with lines\n");
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ x=system("gnuplot splat.gp");
+
+ if (x!=-1)
+ {
+ unlink("splat.gp");
+ unlink("profile.gp");
+ unlink("reference.gp");
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** ERROR: Error occurred invoking gnuplot!\n");
+}
+
+void GraphHeight(struct site source, struct site destination, char *name)
+{
+ /* This function invokes gnuplot to generate an appropriate
+ output file indicating the terrain profile between the source
+ and destination locations. What is plotted is the height of land
+ above or below a straight line between the receibe and transmit
+ sites. "filename" is the name assigned to the output file
+ generated by gnuplot. The filename extension is used to
+ set gnuplot's terminal setting and output file type.
+ If no extension is found, .gif is assumed. */
+
+ int x, y, z;
+ char filename[255], term[15], ext[15];
+ double a, b, c, height, refangle, cangle, maxheight=-100000.0,
+ minheight=100000.0;
+ struct site remote;
+ FILE *fd=NULL, *fd2=NULL;
+
+ ReadPath(destination,source); /* destination=RX, source=TX */
+ refangle=ElevationAngle(destination,source);
+ b=GetElevation(destination)+destination.alt+earthradius;
+
+ fd=fopen("profile.gp","wb");
+ fd2=fopen("reference.gp","wb");
+
+ for (x=1; x<path.length-1; x++)
+ {
+ remote.lat=path.lat[x];
+ remote.lon=path.lon[x];
+ remote.alt=0.0;
+
+ a=GetElevation(remote)+earthradius;
+
+ cangle=5280.0*Distance(destination,remote)/earthradius;
+
+ c=b*sin(refangle*deg2rad+HALFPI)/sin(HALFPI-refangle*deg2rad-cangle);
+
+ height=a-c;
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[x],height);
+ fprintf(fd2,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[x],0.);
+
+ if (height>maxheight)
+ maxheight=height;
+
+ if (height<minheight)
+ minheight=height;
+ }
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[path.length-1],0.0);
+ fprintf(fd2,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[path.length-1],0.0);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fclose(fd2);
+
+ if (name[0]==0)
+ {
+ /* Default filename and output file type */
+
+ strncpy(filename,"height\0",8);
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Grab extension and terminal type from "name" */
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<254; x++)
+ filename[x]=name[x];
+
+ if (name[x]=='.')
+ {
+ for (y=0, z=x, x++; name[x]!=0 && x<254 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ {
+ term[y]=tolower(name[x]);
+ ext[y]=term[y];
+ }
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ term[y]=0;
+ filename[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ { /* No extension -- Default is gif */
+
+ filename[x]=0;
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Either .ps or .postscript may be used
+ as an extension for postscript output. */
+
+ if (strncmp(term,"postscript",10)==0)
+ strncpy(ext,"ps\0",3);
+
+ else if (strncmp(ext,"ps",2)==0)
+ strncpy(term,"postscript\0",11);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Writing \"%s.%s\"...",filename,ext);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fd=fopen("splat.gp","w");
+
+ minheight-=20.0;
+ maxheight+=20.0;
+
+ if (maxheight<20.0)
+ maxheight=20.0;
+
+ fprintf(fd,"set grid\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set yrange [%2.3f to %2.3f]\n", minheight, maxheight);
+ fprintf(fd,"set term %s\n",term);
+ fprintf(fd,"set title \"SPLAT! Height Profile\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set xlabel \"Distance Between %s and %s (miles)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set ylabel \"Ground Height Above Path Between %s and %s (feet)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set output \"%s.%s\"\n",filename,ext);
+ fprintf(fd,"plot \"profile.gp\" title \"Real Earth Profile\" with lines, \"reference.gp\" title \"Line Of Sight Path\" with lines\n");
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ x=system("gnuplot splat.gp");
+
+ if (x!=-1)
+ {
+ unlink("splat.gp");
+ unlink("profile.gp");
+ unlink("reference.gp");
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** ERROR: Error occurred invoking gnuplot!\n");
+}
+
+void GraphLongley(struct site source, struct site destination, char *name)
+{
+ /* This function invokes gnuplot to generate an appropriate
+ output file indicating the Longley-Rice model loss between
+ the source and destination locations. "filename" is the
+ name assigned to the output file generated by gnuplot.
+ The filename extension is used to set gnuplot's terminal
+ setting and output file type. If no extension is found,
+ .gif is assumed. */
+
+ int x, y, z, errnum, errflag=0;
+ char filename[255], term[15], ext[15], strmode[100], report_name[80];
+ double maxloss=-100000.0, minloss=100000.0, loss, haavt, angle;
+ FILE *fd=NULL, *fd2=NULL;
+
+ sprintf(report_name,"%s-to-%s.lro",source.name,destination.name);
+
+ for (x=0; report_name[x]!=0; x++)
+ if (report_name[x]==32 || report_name[x]==17 || report_name[x]==92 || report_name[x]==42 || report_name[x]==47)
+ report_name[x]='_';
+
+ fd2=fopen(report_name,"w");
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"\n\t--==[ SPLAT! v%s Longley-Rice Model Path Loss Report ]==--\n\n",splat_version);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Analysis of RF path conditions between %s and %s:\n",source.name, destination.name);
+ fprintf(fd2,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+ fprintf(fd2,"Transmitter site: %s\n",source.name);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Site location: %.4f North / %.4f West",source.lat, source.lon);
+ fprintf(fd2, " (%s N / ", dec2dms(source.lat));
+ fprintf(fd2, "%s W)\n", dec2dms(source.lon));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Ground elevation: %.2f feet AMSL\n",GetElevation(source));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Antenna height: %.2f feet AGL / %.2f feet AMSL\n",source.alt, source.alt+GetElevation(source));
+
+ haavt=haat(source);
+
+ if (haavt>-4999.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Antenna height above average terrain: %.2f feet\n",haavt);
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Distance to %s: %.2f miles.\n",destination.name,Distance(source,destination));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Azimuth to %s: %.2f degrees.\n",destination.name,Azimuth(source,destination));
+
+ angle=ElevationAngle(source,destination);
+
+ if (angle>=0.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Angle of elevation between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",source.name,destination.name,angle);
+
+ if (angle<0.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Angle of depression between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",source.name,destination.name,angle);
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+
+ /* Receiver */
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Receiver site: %s\n",destination.name);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Site location: %.4f North / %.4f West",destination.lat, destination.lon);
+ fprintf(fd2, " (%s N / ", dec2dms(destination.lat));
+ fprintf(fd2, "%s W)\n", dec2dms(destination.lon));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Ground elevation: %.2f feet AMSL\n",GetElevation(destination));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Antenna height: %.2f feet AGL / %.2f feet AMSL\n",destination.alt, destination.alt+GetElevation(destination));
+
+ haavt=haat(destination);
+
+ if (haavt>-4999.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Antenna height above average terrain: %.2f feet\n",haavt);
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Distance to %s: %.2f miles.\n",source.name,Distance(source,destination));
+ fprintf(fd2,"Azimuth to %s: %.2f degrees.\n",source.name,Azimuth(destination,source));
+
+ angle=ElevationAngle(destination,source);
+
+ if (angle>=0.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Angle of elevation between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",destination.name,source.name,angle);
+
+ if (angle<0.0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Angle of depression between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",destination.name,source.name,angle);
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Longley-Rice path calculation parameters used in this analysis:\n\n");
+ fprintf(fd2,"Earth's Dielectric Constant: %.3lf\n",LR.eps_dielect);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Earth's Conductivity: %.3lf\n",LR.sgm_conductivity);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Atmospheric Bending Constant (N): %.3lf\n",LR.eno_ns_surfref);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Frequency: %.3lf (MHz)\n",LR.frq_mhz);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Radio Climate: %d (",LR.radio_climate);
+
+ switch (LR.radio_climate)
+ {
+ case 1:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Equatorial");
+ break;
+
+ case 2:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Continental Subtropical");
+ break;
+
+ case 3:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Maritime Subtropical");
+ break;
+
+ case 4:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Desert");
+ break;
+
+ case 5:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Continental Temperate");
+ break;
+
+ case 6:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Martitime Temperate, Over Land");
+ break;
+
+ case 7:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Maritime Temperate, Over Sea");
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ fprintf(fd2,"Unknown");
+ }
+
+ fprintf(fd2,")\nPolarization: %d (",LR.pol);
+
+ if (LR.pol==0)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Horizontal");
+
+ if (LR.pol==1)
+ fprintf(fd2,"Vertical");
+
+ fprintf(fd2,")\nFraction of Situations: %.1lf%c\n",LR.conf*100.0,37);
+ fprintf(fd2,"Fraction of Time: %.1lf%c\n",LR.rel*100.0,37);
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Analysis Results:\n\n");
+
+ ReadPath(source, destination); /* destination=RX, source=TX */
+
+ elev_l[1]=0.04*METERS_PER_MILE;
+
+ for (x=1; x<path.length; x++)
+ elev_l[x+1]=path.elevation[x]*METERS_PER_FOOT;
+
+ fprintf(fd2,"Distance (mi)\tLoss (dB)\tErrnum\tComment\n\n");
+
+ fd=fopen("profile.gp","w");
+
+ for (x=2; x<path.length; x++)
+ {
+ elev_l[0]=x-1;
+
+ point_to_point(elev_l, source.alt*METERS_PER_FOOT,
+ destination.alt*METERS_PER_FOOT,
+ LR.eps_dielect, LR.sgm_conductivity, LR.eno_ns_surfref,
+ LR.frq_mhz, LR.radio_climate, LR.pol, LR.conf, LR.rel,
+ loss, strmode, errnum);
+
+ /* Note: PASS BY REFERENCE ... loss and errnum are pass
+ by reference, only used in this file by this function */
+
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%f\t%f\n",path.distance[path.length-1]-path.distance[x],loss);
+ fprintf(fd2,"%7.2f\t\t%7.2f\t\t %d\t%s\n",path.distance[x],loss, errnum, strmode);
+ errflag|=errnum;
+
+ if (loss>maxloss)
+ maxloss=loss;
+
+ if (loss<minloss)
+ minloss=loss;
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ if (errflag)
+ {
+ fprintf(fd2,"\nNotes on \"errnum\"...\n\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," 0: No error. :-)\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," 1: Warning! Some parameters are nearly out of range.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," Results should be used with caution.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," 2: Note: Default parameters have been substituted for impossible ones.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," 3: Warning! A combination of parameters is out of range.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," Results are probably invalid.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," Other: Warning! Some parameters are out of range.\n");
+ fprintf(fd2," Results are probably invalid.\n\nEnd of Report\n");
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Longley-Rice Path Loss between %s and %s is %.2f db\n",source.name, destination.name, loss);
+ fprintf(stdout,"Path Loss Report written to: \"%s\"\n",report_name);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fclose(fd2);
+
+ if (name[0]==0)
+ {
+ /* Default filename and output file type */
+
+ strncpy(filename,"loss\0",5);
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Grab extension and terminal type from "name" */
+
+ for (x=0; name[x]!='.' && name[x]!=0 && x<254; x++)
+ filename[x]=name[x];
+
+ if (name[x]=='.')
+ {
+ for (y=0, z=x, x++; name[x]!=0 && x<254 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ {
+ term[y]=tolower(name[x]);
+ ext[y]=term[y];
+ }
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ term[y]=0;
+ filename[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ { /* No extension -- Default is gif */
+
+ filename[x]=0;
+ strncpy(term,"gif\0",4);
+ strncpy(ext,"gif\0",4);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Either .ps or .postscript may be used
+ as an extension for postscript output. */
+
+ if (strncmp(term,"postscript",10)==0)
+ strncpy(ext,"ps\0",3);
+
+ else if (strncmp(ext,"ps",2)==0)
+ strncpy(term,"postscript\0",11);
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Writing \"%s.%s\"...",filename,ext);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fd=fopen("splat.gp","w");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"set grid\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set yrange [%2.3f to %2.3f]\n", minloss, maxloss);
+ fprintf(fd,"set term %s\n",term);
+ fprintf(fd,"set title \"SPLAT! Loss Profile\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set xlabel \"Distance Between %s and %s (miles)\"\n",destination.name,source.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"set ylabel \"Longley-Rice Loss (dB)\"\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"set output \"%s.%s\"\n",filename,ext);
+ fprintf(fd,"plot \"profile.gp\" title \"Longley-Rice Loss\" with lines\n");
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ x=system("gnuplot splat.gp");
+
+ if (x!=-1)
+ {
+ unlink("splat.gp");
+ unlink("profile.gp");
+ unlink("reference.gp");
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** ERROR: Error occurred invoking gnuplot!\n");
+}
+
+void ObstructionReport(struct site xmtr, struct site rcvr, char report)
+{
+ struct site result, result2, new_site;
+ double angle, haavt;
+ unsigned char block;
+ char report_name[80], string[255];
+ int x;
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ sprintf(report_name,"%s-to-%s.txt",xmtr.name,rcvr.name);
+
+ for (x=0; report_name[x]!=0; x++)
+ if (report_name[x]==32 || report_name[x]==17 || report_name[x]==92 || report_name[x]==42 || report_name[x]==47)
+ report_name[x]='_';
+
+ fd=fopen(report_name,"w");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"\n\t\t--==[ SPLAT! v%s Obstruction Report ]==--\n\n",splat_version);
+ fprintf(fd,"Analysis of line-of-sight path conditions between %s and %s:\n",xmtr.name, rcvr.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"Transmitter site: %s\n",xmtr.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"Site location: %.4f North / %.4f West",xmtr.lat, xmtr.lon);
+ fprintf(fd, " (%s N / ", dec2dms(xmtr.lat));
+ fprintf(fd, "%s W)\n", dec2dms(xmtr.lon));
+ fprintf(fd,"Ground elevation: %.2f feet AMSL\n",GetElevation(xmtr));
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height: %.2f feet AGL / %.2f feet AMSL\n",xmtr.alt, xmtr.alt+GetElevation(xmtr));
+
+ haavt=haat(xmtr);
+
+ if (haavt>-4999.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height above average terrain: %.2f feet\n",haavt);
+
+ fprintf(fd,"Distance to %s: %.2f miles.\n",rcvr.name,Distance(xmtr,rcvr));
+ fprintf(fd,"Azimuth to %s: %.2f degrees.\n",rcvr.name,Azimuth(xmtr,rcvr));
+
+ angle=ElevationAngle(xmtr,rcvr);
+
+ if (angle>=0.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Angle of elevation between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",xmtr.name,rcvr.name,angle);
+
+ if (angle<0.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Angle of depression between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",xmtr.name,rcvr.name,angle);
+
+ fprintf(fd,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+
+ /* Receiver */
+
+ fprintf(fd,"Receiver site: %s\n",rcvr.name);
+ fprintf(fd,"Site location: %.4f North / %.4f West",rcvr.lat, rcvr.lon);
+ fprintf(fd, " (%s N / ", dec2dms(rcvr.lat));
+ fprintf(fd, "%s W)\n", dec2dms(rcvr.lon));
+ fprintf(fd,"Ground elevation: %.2f feet AMSL\n",GetElevation(rcvr));
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height: %.2f feet AGL / %.2f feet AMSL\n",rcvr.alt, rcvr.alt+GetElevation(rcvr));
+
+ haavt=haat(rcvr);
+
+ if (haavt>-4999.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height above average terrain: %.2f feet\n",haavt);
+
+ fprintf(fd,"Distance to %s: %.2f miles.\n",xmtr.name,Distance(xmtr,rcvr));
+ fprintf(fd,"Azimuth to %s: %.2f degrees.\n",xmtr.name,Azimuth(rcvr,xmtr));
+
+ angle=ElevationAngle(rcvr,xmtr);
+
+ if (angle>=0.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Angle of elevation between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",rcvr.name,xmtr.name,angle);
+
+ if (angle<0.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"Angle of depression between %s and %s: %+.4f degrees.\n",rcvr.name,xmtr.name,angle);
+
+ fprintf(fd,"\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+
+ if (report=='y')
+ {
+ /* Write an Obstruction Report */
+
+ new_site=rcvr;
+ result=los(xmtr,rcvr);
+ result2=result;
+ result2.alt-=1;
+ block=result.name[0];
+
+ if (block=='*')
+ fprintf(fd,"SPLAT! detected obstructions at:\n\n");
+
+ while (block=='*')
+ {
+ if (result.lat!=result2.lat || result.lon!=result2.lon || result.alt!=result2.alt)
+ fprintf(fd,"\t%.4f N, %.4f W, %5.2f miles, %6.2f feet AMSL.\n",result.lat, result.lon, Distance(rcvr,result), result.alt);
+
+ result2=result;
+ new_site.alt+=1.0;
+
+ /* Can you hear me now? :-) */
+
+ result=los(xmtr,new_site);
+ block=result.name[0];
+ }
+
+ if (new_site.alt!=rcvr.alt)
+ sprintf(string,"\nAntenna at %s must be raised to at least %.2f feet AGL\nto clear all obstructions detected by SPLAT!\n\n",rcvr.name, new_site.alt);
+ else
+ sprintf(string,"\nNo obstructions due to terrain were detected by SPLAT!\n\n");
+ }
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%s",string);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ /* Display LOS status to terminal */
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"%sObstruction report written to: \"%s\"\n",string,report_name);
+ fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void SiteReport(struct site xmtr)
+{
+ char report_name[80];
+ double terrain;
+ int x, azi;
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ sprintf(report_name,"%s-site_report.txt",xmtr.name);
+
+ for (x=0; report_name[x]!=0; x++)
+ if (report_name[x]==32 || report_name[x]==17 || report_name[x]==92 || report_name[x]==42 || report_name[x]==47)
+ report_name[x]='_';
+
+ fd=fopen(report_name,"w");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"\n\t--==[ SPLAT! v%s Site Analysis Report For: %s ]==--\n\n",splat_version,xmtr.name);
+
+ fprintf(fd,"---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+ fprintf(fd,"Site location: %.4f North / %.4f West",xmtr.lat, xmtr.lon);
+ fprintf(fd, " (%s N / ",dec2dms(xmtr.lat));
+ fprintf(fd, "%s W)\n",dec2dms(xmtr.lon));
+ fprintf(fd,"Ground elevation: %.2f feet AMSL\n",GetElevation(xmtr));
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height: %.2f feet AGL / %.2f feet AMSL\n",xmtr.alt, xmtr.alt+GetElevation(xmtr));
+
+ terrain=haat(xmtr);
+
+ if (terrain>-4999.0)
+ {
+ fprintf(fd,"Antenna height above average terrain: %.2f feet\n\n",terrain);
+
+ /* Display the average terrain between 2 and 10 miles
+ from the transmitter site at azimuths of 0, 45, 90,
+ 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 degrees. */
+
+ for (azi=0; azi<=315; azi+=45)
+ {
+ fprintf(fd,"Average terrain at %3d degrees azimuth: ",azi);
+ terrain=AverageTerrain(xmtr,(double)azi,2.0,10.0);
+
+ if (terrain>-4999.0)
+ fprintf(fd,"%.2f feet AMSL\n",terrain);
+ else
+ fprintf(fd,"No terrain\n");
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(fd,"\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n");
+ fclose(fd);
+ fprintf(stdout,"\nSite analysis report written to: \"%s\"\n",report_name);
+}
+
+int main(char argc, char *argv[])
+{
+
+ int x, y, z=0;
+ unsigned char rxlat, rxlon, txlat, txlon, min_lat,
+ min_lon, max_lat, max_lon,
+ coverage=0, LRmap=0,
+ ext[20], terrain_plot=0,
+ elevation_plot=0, height_plot=0,
+ longley_plot=0, cities=0, bfs=0, txsites=0,
+ count, west_min, west_max, north_min, north_max,
+ report='y';
+
+ char mapfile[255], header[80], city_file[5][255],
+ elevation_file[255], height_file[255],
+ longley_file[255], terrain_file[255],
+ string[255], rxfile[255],
+ txfile[255], map=0, boundary_file[5][255];
+
+ double altitude=0.0, altitudeLR=0.0, tx_range=0.0,
+ rx_range=0.0, deg_range=0.0, deg_limit,
+ deg_range_lon, er_mult;
+ struct site tx_site[4], rx_site;
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ sprintf(header,"\n --==[ SPLAT! v%s Terrain Analysis Software (c) 1997-2004 KD2BD ]==--\n\n", splat_version);
+
+ if (argc==1)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout, "%sAvailable Options...\n\n\t-t txsite(s).qth (max of 4)\n\t-r rxsite.qth\n",header);
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-c plot coverage area(s) of TX(s) based on an RX antenna at X feet AGL\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-L plot path loss map of TX based on an RX antenna at X feet AGL\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-s filename(s) of city/site file(s) to import (max of 5)\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-b filename(s) of cartographic boundary file(s) to import (max of 5)\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-p filename of terrain profile graph to plot\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-e filename of terrain elevation graph to plot\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-h filename of terrain height graph to plot\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-l filename of Longley-Rice graph to plot\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-o filename of topographic map to generate (.ppm)\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-d sdf file directory path (overrides path in ~/.splat_path file)\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-n no analysis, brief report\n\t-N no analysis, no report\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-m earth radius multiplier\n");
+ fprintf(stdout,"\t-R modify default range for -c or -L (miles)\n\n");
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"Type 'man splat', or see the documentation for more details.\n\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ y=argc-1;
+
+ rxfile[0]=0;
+ txfile[0]=0;
+ string[0]=0;
+ mapfile[0]=0;
+ elevation_file[0]=0;
+ terrain_file[0]=0;
+ sdf_path[0]=0;
+ path.length=0;
+ rx_site.lat=0.0;
+ rx_site.lon=0.0;
+ earthradius=EARTHRADIUS;
+
+ for (x=0; x<MAXSLOTS; x++)
+ {
+ dem[x].min_el=0;
+ dem[x].max_el=0;
+ dem[x].min_north=0;
+ dem[x].max_north=0;
+ dem[x].min_west=0;
+ dem[x].max_west=0;
+ }
+
+ /* Scan for command line arguments */
+
+ for (x=1; x<=y; x++)
+ {
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-R")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ sscanf(argv[z],"%lf",&max_range);
+
+ if (max_range<0.0)
+ max_range=0.0;
+
+ if (max_range>1000.0)
+ max_range=1000.0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-m")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ sscanf(argv[z],"%lf",&er_mult);
+
+ if (er_mult<0.1)
+ er_mult=1.0;
+
+ if (er_mult>1.0e6)
+ er_mult=1.0e6;
+
+ earthradius*=er_mult;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-o")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ strncpy(mapfile,argv[z],253);
+ map=1;
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-c")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ sscanf(argv[z],"%lf",&altitude);
+ coverage=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-p")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ strncpy(terrain_file,argv[z],253);
+ terrain_plot=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-e")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ strncpy(elevation_file,argv[z],253);
+ elevation_plot=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-h")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ strncpy(height_file,argv[z],253);
+ height_plot=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-n")==0)
+ {
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ report='n';
+ map=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-N")==0)
+ {
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-');
+ {
+ report='N';
+ map=1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-d")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ strncpy(sdf_path,argv[z],253);
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-t")==0)
+ {
+ /* Read Transmitter Location */
+
+ z=x+1;
+
+ while (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-' && txsites<4)
+ {
+ strncpy(txfile,argv[z],253);
+ tx_site[txsites]=LoadQTH(txfile);
+ txsites++;
+ z++;
+ }
+ z--;
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-L")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ sscanf(argv[z],"%lf",&altitudeLR);
+
+ if (coverage)
+ fprintf(stdout,"c and L are exclusive options, ignoring L.\n");
+ else
+ {
+ LRmap=1;
+ ReadLRParm(txfile);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-l")==0)
+ {
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ strncpy(longley_file,argv[z],253);
+ longley_plot=1;
+ /* Doing this twice is harmless */
+ ReadLRParm(txfile);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-r")==0)
+ {
+ /* Read Receiver Location */
+
+ z=x+1;
+
+ if (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-')
+ {
+ strncpy(rxfile,argv[z],253);
+ rx_site=LoadQTH(rxfile);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-s")==0)
+ {
+ /* Read city file(s) */
+
+ z=x+1;
+
+ while (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-' && cities<5)
+ {
+ strncpy(city_file[cities],argv[z],253);
+ cities++;
+ z++;
+ }
+ z--;
+ }
+
+ if (strcmp(argv[x],"-b")==0)
+ {
+ /* Read Boundary File(s) */
+
+ z=x+1;
+
+ while (z<=y && argv[z][0] && argv[z][0]!='-' && bfs<5)
+ {
+ strncpy(boundary_file[bfs],argv[z],253);
+ bfs++;
+ z++;
+ }
+ z--;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Perform some error checking on the arguments
+ and switches parsed from the command-line.
+ If an error is encountered, print a message
+ and exit gracefully. */
+
+ if (txsites==0)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n%c*** ERROR: No transmitter site(s) specified!\n\n",7);
+ exit (-1);
+ }
+
+ for (x=0, y=0; x<txsites; x++)
+ {
+ if (tx_site[x].lat==0.0 && tx_site[x].lon==0.0)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** ERROR: Transmitter site #%d not found!",x+1);
+ y++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (y)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"%c\n\n",7);
+ exit (-1);
+ }
+
+ if ((coverage+LRmap)==0 && rx_site.lat==0.0 && rx_site.lon==0.0)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n%c*** ERROR: No receiver site found or specified!\n\n",7);
+ exit (-1);
+ }
+
+ /* No errors were detected. Whew! :-) */
+
+ /* If no SDF path was specified on the command line (-d), check
+ for a path specified in the $HOME/.splat_path file. If the
+ file is not found, then sdf_path[] remains NULL, and the
+ current working directory is assumed to contain the SDF
+ files. */
+
+ if (sdf_path[0]==0)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%s/.splat_path",getenv("HOME"));
+ fd=fopen(string,"r");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fgets(string,253,fd);
+
+ /* Remove <CR> and/or <LF> from string */
+
+ for (x=0; string[x]!=13 && string[x]!=10 && string[x]!=0 && x<253; x++);
+ string[x]=0;
+
+ strncpy(sdf_path,string,253);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Ensure a trailing '/' is present in sdf_path */
+
+ if (sdf_path[0])
+ {
+ x=strlen(sdf_path);
+
+ if (sdf_path[x-1]!='/' && x!=0)
+ {
+ sdf_path[x]='/';
+ sdf_path[x+1]=0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(stdout,"%s",header);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ x=0;
+ y=0;
+
+ min_lat=0;
+ max_lat=0;
+ min_lon=0;
+ max_lon=0;
+
+ rxlat=(unsigned char)floor(rx_site.lat);
+ rxlon=(unsigned char)floor(rx_site.lon);
+
+ if (rxlat!=0)
+ {
+ if (min_lat==0)
+ min_lat=rxlat;
+
+ else if (rxlat<min_lat)
+ min_lat=rxlat;
+ }
+
+ if (rxlon!=0)
+ {
+ if (min_lon==0)
+ min_lon=rxlon;
+
+ else if (rxlon<min_lon)
+ min_lon=rxlon;
+ }
+
+ if (rxlat>max_lat)
+ max_lat=rxlat;
+
+ if (rxlon>max_lon)
+ max_lon=rxlon;
+
+ for (y=0, z=0; z<txsites; z++)
+ {
+ txlat=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lat);
+ txlon=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lon);
+
+ if (txlat!=0)
+ {
+ if (min_lat==0)
+ min_lat=txlat;
+
+ else if (txlat<min_lat)
+ min_lat=txlat;
+ }
+
+ if (txlon!=0)
+ {
+ if (min_lon==0)
+ min_lon=txlon;
+
+ else if (txlon<min_lon)
+ min_lon=txlon;
+ }
+
+ if (txlat>max_lat)
+ max_lat=txlat;
+
+ if (txlon>max_lon)
+ max_lon=txlon;
+ }
+
+ if (min_lat!=0 && min_lon!=0 && max_lat!=0 && max_lon!=0)
+ {
+ for (y=min_lon; y<=max_lon; y++)
+ for (x=min_lat; x<=max_lat; x++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%u:%u:%u:%u",x, x+1, y, y+1);
+ LoadSDF(string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (coverage)
+ {
+ for (z=0; z<txsites; z++)
+ {
+ /* "Ball park" estimates used to load any additional
+ SDF files required to conduct this analysis. */
+
+ tx_range=sqrt(1.5*(tx_site[z].alt+GetElevation(tx_site[z])));
+ rx_range=sqrt(1.5*altitude);
+
+ /* deg_range determines the maximum
+ amount of topo data we read */
+
+ deg_range=(tx_range+rx_range)/69.0;
+
+ /* max_range sets the maximum size of the
+ analysis. A small, non-zero amount can
+ be used to shrink the size of the analysis
+ and limit the amount of topo data read by
+ SPLAT! A very large number will only increase
+ the width of the analysis, not the size of
+ the map. */
+
+ if (max_range==0.0)
+ max_range=tx_range+rx_range;
+
+ if (max_range<(tx_range+rx_range))
+ deg_range=max_range/69.0;
+
+ /* Prevent the demand for a really wide coverage
+ from allocating more slots than are available
+ in memory. */
+
+ switch (MAXSLOTS)
+ {
+ case 2: deg_limit=0.25;
+ break;
+
+ case 4: deg_limit=0.5;
+ break;
+
+ case 9: deg_limit=1.0;
+ break;
+
+ case 16: deg_limit=2.0;
+ break;
+
+ case 25: deg_limit=3.0;
+ }
+
+ if (tx_site[z].lat<70.0)
+ deg_range_lon=deg_range/cos(deg2rad*tx_site[z].lat);
+ else
+ deg_range_lon=deg_range/cos(deg2rad*70.0);
+
+ /* Correct for squares in degrees not being square in miles */
+
+ if (deg_range>deg_limit)
+ deg_range=deg_limit;
+
+ if (deg_range_lon>deg_limit)
+ deg_range_lon=deg_limit;
+
+ north_min=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lat-deg_range);
+ north_max=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lat+deg_range);
+ west_min=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lon-deg_range_lon);
+ west_max=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[z].lon+deg_range_lon);
+
+ if (min_lat==0)
+ min_lat=north_min;
+
+ else if (north_min<min_lat)
+ min_lat=north_min;
+
+ if (min_lon==0)
+ min_lon=west_min;
+
+ else if (west_min<min_lon)
+ min_lon=west_min;
+
+ if (north_max>max_lat)
+ max_lat=north_max;
+
+ if (west_max>max_lon)
+ max_lon=west_max;
+ }
+
+ if (min_lat!=0 && min_lon!=0 && max_lat!=0 && max_lon!=0)
+ {
+ for (y=min_lon; y<=max_lon; y++)
+ for (x=min_lat; x<=max_lat; x++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%u:%u:%u:%u",x, x+1, y, y+1);
+ LoadSDF(string);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (LRmap)
+ {
+ /* "Ball park" estimates used to load any additional
+ SDF files required to conduct this analysis. */
+
+ tx_range=sqrt(1.5*(tx_site[0].alt+GetElevation(tx_site[0])));
+ rx_range=sqrt(1.5*altitudeLR);
+
+ /**
+ tx_range=sqrt(5.0*tx_site[0].alt);
+ rx_range=sqrt(5.0*altitudeLR);
+ **/
+
+ /* deg_range determines the maximum
+ amount of topo data we read */
+
+ deg_range=(tx_range+rx_range)/69.0;
+
+ /* max_range sets the maximum size of the
+ analysis. A small, non-zero amount can
+ be used to shrink the size of the analysis
+ and limit the amount of topo data read by
+ SPLAT! A very large number will only increase
+ the width of the analysis, not the size of
+ the map. */
+
+ if (max_range==0.0)
+ max_range=tx_range+rx_range;
+
+ if (max_range<(tx_range+rx_range))
+ deg_range=max_range/69.0;
+
+ /* Prevent the demand for a really wide coverage
+ from allocating more slots than are available
+ in memory. */
+
+ switch (MAXSLOTS)
+ {
+ case 2: deg_limit=0.25;
+ break;
+
+ case 4: deg_limit=0.5;
+ break;
+
+ case 9: deg_limit=1.0;
+ break;
+
+ case 16: deg_limit=2.0;
+ break;
+
+ case 25: deg_limit=3.0;
+ }
+
+ if (tx_site[0].lat<70.0)
+ deg_range_lon=deg_range/cos(deg2rad*tx_site[0].lat);
+ else
+ deg_range_lon=deg_range/cos(deg2rad*70.0);
+
+ /* Correct for squares in degrees not being square in miles */
+
+ if (deg_range>deg_limit)
+ deg_range=deg_limit;
+
+ if (deg_range_lon>deg_limit)
+ deg_range_lon=deg_limit;
+
+ north_min=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[0].lat-deg_range);
+ north_max=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[0].lat+deg_range);
+ west_min=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[0].lon-deg_range_lon);
+ west_max=(unsigned char)floor(tx_site[0].lon+deg_range_lon);
+
+ if (min_lat==0)
+ min_lat=north_min;
+
+ else if (north_min<min_lat)
+ min_lat=north_min;
+
+ if (min_lon==0)
+ min_lon=west_min;
+
+ else if (west_min<min_lon)
+ min_lon=west_min;
+
+ if (north_max>max_lat)
+ max_lat=north_max;
+
+ if (west_max>max_lon)
+ max_lon=west_max;
+
+ if (min_lat!=0 && min_lon!=0 && max_lat!=0 && max_lon!=0)
+ {
+ for (y=min_lon; y<=max_lon; y++)
+ for (x=min_lat; x<=max_lat; x++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%u:%u:%u:%u",x, x+1, y, y+1);
+ LoadSDF(string);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (mapfile[0])
+ map=1;
+
+ if (coverage)
+ {
+ for (x=0; x<txsites; x++)
+ {
+ PlotCoverage(tx_site[x],altitude);
+ PlaceMarker(tx_site[x]);
+
+ if (report!='N')
+ SiteReport(tx_site[x]);
+ }
+
+ map=1;
+ }
+
+ else if (LRmap)
+ {
+ PlotLRMap(tx_site[0],altitudeLR);
+ PlaceMarker(tx_site[0]);
+
+ if (report!='N')
+ SiteReport(tx_site[0]);
+
+ map=1;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ PlaceMarker(rx_site);
+
+ for (x=0; x<txsites; x++)
+ {
+ PlaceMarker(tx_site[x]);
+
+ if (report=='y')
+ {
+ switch (x)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ PlotPath(tx_site[x],rx_site,1);
+ break;
+
+ case 1:
+ PlotPath(tx_site[x],rx_site,8);
+ break;
+
+ case 2:
+ PlotPath(tx_site[x],rx_site,16);
+ break;
+
+ case 3:
+ PlotPath(tx_site[x],rx_site,32);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (report!='N')
+ ObstructionReport(tx_site[x],rx_site,report);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (map)
+ {
+ if (bfs)
+ {
+ for (x=0; x<bfs; x++)
+ LoadBoundaries(boundary_file[x]);
+ }
+
+ if (cities)
+ {
+ for (x=0; x<cities; x++)
+ LoadCities(city_file[x]);
+ }
+
+ if (!LRmap)
+ WritePPM(mapfile);
+ else
+ WritePPMLR(mapfile);
+ }
+
+ if (terrain_plot)
+ {
+ if (txsites>1)
+ {
+ for (x=0; terrain_file[x]!='.' && terrain_file[x]!=0 && x<80; x++);
+
+ if (terrain_file[x]=='.') /* extension */
+ {
+ ext[0]='.';
+ for (y=1, z=x, x++; terrain_file[x]!=0 && x<253 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ ext[y]=terrain_file[x];
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ terrain_file[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ ext[0]=0; /* No extension */
+ terrain_file[x]=0;
+ }
+
+ for (count=0; count<txsites; count++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%s-%c%s%c",terrain_file,'1'+count,ext,0);
+ GraphTerrain(tx_site[count],rx_site,string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ GraphTerrain(tx_site[0],rx_site,terrain_file);
+ }
+
+ if (elevation_plot)
+ {
+ if (txsites>1)
+ {
+ for (x=0; elevation_file[x]!='.' && elevation_file[x]!=0 && x<80; x++);
+
+ if (elevation_file[x]=='.') /* extension */
+ {
+ ext[0]='.';
+ for (y=1, z=x, x++; elevation_file[x]!=0 && x<253 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ ext[y]=elevation_file[x];
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ elevation_file[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ ext[0]=0; /* No extension */
+ elevation_file[x]=0;
+ }
+
+ for (count=0; count<txsites; count++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%s-%c%s%c",elevation_file,'1'+count,ext,0);
+ GraphElevation(tx_site[count],rx_site,string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ GraphElevation(tx_site[0],rx_site,elevation_file);
+ }
+
+ if (height_plot)
+ {
+ if (txsites>1)
+ {
+ for (x=0; height_file[x]!='.' && height_file[x]!=0 && x<80; x++);
+
+ if (height_file[x]=='.') /* extension */
+ {
+ ext[0]='.';
+ for (y=1, z=x, x++; height_file[x]!=0 && x<253 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ ext[y]=height_file[x];
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ height_file[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ ext[0]=0; /* No extension */
+ height_file[x]=0;
+ }
+
+ for (count=0; count<txsites; count++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%s-%c%s%c",height_file,'1'+count,ext,0);
+ GraphHeight(tx_site[count],rx_site,string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ GraphHeight(tx_site[0],rx_site,height_file);
+ }
+
+ if (longley_plot)
+ {
+ if (txsites>1)
+ {
+ for (x=0; longley_file[x]!='.' && longley_file[x]!=0 && x<80; x++);
+
+ if (longley_file[x]=='.') /* extension */
+ {
+ ext[0]='.';
+ for (y=1, z=x, x++; longley_file[x]!=0 && x<253 && y<14; x++, y++)
+ ext[y]=longley_file[x];
+
+ ext[y]=0;
+ longley_file[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ ext[0]=0; /* No extension */
+ longley_file[x]=0;
+ }
+
+ for (count=0; count<txsites; count++)
+ {
+ sprintf(string,"%s-%c%s%c",longley_file,'1'+count,ext,0);
+ GraphLongley(tx_site[count],rx_site,string);
+ }
+ }
+
+ else
+ GraphLongley(tx_site[0],rx_site,longley_file);
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
--- /dev/null
+Utilities for use with SPLAT! software are found under the
+splat-1.1.0/utils directory. They include the following:
+
+citydecoder
+===========
+This utility reads U.S. Census Bureau files of Incorporated Places/Census
+Designated Places, and generates city/site data files for use with SPLAT!
+software. Files for use with this utility are available for download
+free of charge from:
+
+ http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cob/bdy_files.html.
+
+Please select the ARC/INFO Ungenerate (ASCII) Metadata Cartographic Boundary
+Files from this site and unzip them prior to importing them to citydecoder.
+U.S. Census files are cataloged by the two digit FIPS code for the region
+(state) they represent. citydecoder takes as an argument the two-letter
+file prefix plus the FIPS code of the region or state being processed.
+For example:
+
+ citydecoder pl34
+
+reads files "pl34_d00.dat" and "pl34_d00a.dat" that are extracted after
+the downloaded file has been unzipped, and generates a list of city names
+and geographical coordinates for the state of New Jersey (FIPS code 34).
+This data may be sorted and written to a file (cities.nj.dat) in the
+following manner:
+
+ citydecoder pl34 | sort > cities.nj.dat
+
+A list of FIPS codes (fips.txt) is included under splat/utils for your
+convenience.
+
+
+usgs2sdf
+========
+The usgs2sdf utility takes as an argument the name of an uncompressed
+and record delimited Digital Elevation Model Data (DEM) downloaded from
+the US Geological Survey, and generates a SPLAT Data File (SDF) compatible
+with SPLAT! Software. usgs2sdf may be invoked manually, or via the
+postdownload script.
+
+
+postdownload
+============
+postdownload is a front-end to the usgs2sdf utility. postdownload
+takes as an argument the name of the gzipped Digital Elevation Model
+(DEM) downloaded from the US Geological Survey (ie: wilmington-w.gz).
+postdownload uncompresses the DEM file, adds necessary record delimiters,
+and invokes usgs2sdf to produce a SPLAT Data File (SDF).
+
+Digital Elevation Models may be downloaded from:
+
+ http://edcsgs9.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_demfig/index1m.html
+
+Invoke postdownload with the name of each DEM file downloaded to
+produce a database of SPLAT Data Files.
+
+
+fontdata
+========
+The fontdata utility reads Slackware gzipped console font data
+to create the fontdata.h file required for compilation of SPLAT!.
+Font data of the type needed by this utility may be found under
+/usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts (Slackware < 8), or under
+/usr/share/kbd/consolefonts (Slackware >= 8.0).
+
+A default fontdata.h file is already included in with SPLAT!, and is
+a derivative of the s.fnt console font type available under Slackware.
+fontdata takes as an argument the name of the file containing the
+gzipped compressed console fonts:
+
+ fontdata s.fnt.gz
+
+
+Building The Utilities
+======================
+Normally, these utilities are built and installed along with SPLAT!
+when SPLAT!'s ./configure script is invoked. However, if you modify
+them and/or wish to build and install them separately, here is how it's
+done. First, invoke the "build" script to compile each or all utilities
+in this directory by name. For example:
+
+ ./build citydecoder
+
+compiles citydecoder only, while
+
+ ./build all
+
+compiles all utilities.
+
+
+Installing The Utilities
+========================
+Invoke the "install" script to install each or all utilities in this
+directory by name. For example:
+
+ ./install citydecoder
+
+installs citydecoder only, while
+
+ ./install all
+
+installs all utilities.
+
+You need to be 'root' to install any or all of these utilities.
+
+---
+John A. Magliacane, KD2BD
+January 2004
+
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Simple shell script for building SPLAT! and associated utilities.
+# Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD May 2002
+#
+
+build_citydecoder()
+{
+ echo -n "Compiling citydecoder... "
+ cc -Wall -O3 -s -fomit-frame-pointer citydecoder.c -o citydecoder
+ echo "Done!"
+}
+
+build_usgs2sdf()
+{
+ echo -n "Compiling usgs2sdf... "
+ cc -Wall -O3 -s -fomit-frame-pointer usgs2sdf.c -o usgs2sdf
+ echo "Done!"
+}
+
+build_fontdata()
+{
+ echo -n "Compiling fontdata... "
+ cc -Wall -O3 -s -lz -fomit-frame-pointer fontdata.c -o fontdata
+ echo "Done!"
+}
+
+if [ $# == "0" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: build { citydecoder, usgs2sdf, fontdata, all }"
+else
+
+ if [ $1 == "citydecoder" ]; then
+ build_citydecoder
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "usgs2sdf" ]; then
+ build_usgs2sdf
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "fontdata" ]; then
+ build_fontdata
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "clean" ]; then
+ rm -f citydecoder usgs2sdf fontdata
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "all" ]; then
+ build_citydecoder
+ build_usgs2sdf
+ build_fontdata
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 != "citydecoder" ] && [ $1 != "usgs2sdf" ] && [ $1 != "fontdata" ] && [ $1 != "clean" ] && [ $1 != "all" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: build { citydecoder, usgs2sdf, fontdata, all }"
+ fi
+fi
--- /dev/null
+/****************************************************************************
+* CITYDECODER: A SPLAT! File Conversion Utility *
+* Copyright John A. Magliacane, KD2BD 2002 *
+* Last update: 13-Apr-2002 *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This utility reads ASCII Metadata Cartographic Boundary Files available *
+* through the U.S. Census Bureau, and generates a lists of cities, states, *
+* and counties along with the latitude and longitude corresponding to their *
+* geographic centers. Such data may be (optionally) sorted and written to *
+* files for use with SPLAT! software. This utility takes as an argument, *
+* two-letter prefix plus the FIPS code for the state being processed (ie: *
+* "citydecoder pl34" will read files "pl34_d00.dat" and "pl34_d00a.dat", *
+* and produce a list of city names and geographical coordinates for the *
+* state of New Jersey. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
+* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License or any later *
+* version. *
+* *
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will useful, but WITHOUT *
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
+* for more details. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+* To compile: gcc -Wall -O6 -s citydecoder.c -o citydecoder *
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(argc,argv)
+char argc, *argv[];
+{
+ int x, y, z;
+ long attributefile_id, coordinatefile_id;
+ char string[80], name[80], attributefilename[15], coordinatefilename[15];
+ double lat, lon;
+ FILE *attributefile=NULL, *coordinatefile=NULL;
+
+ if (argc==1)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n*** Usage: citydecoder pl34 pl36 pl42 | sort > outputfile\n\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ for (z=1; z<argc; z++)
+ {
+ sprintf(attributefilename,"%s_d00a.dat",argv[z]);
+ sprintf(coordinatefilename,"%s_d00.dat",argv[z]);
+
+ attributefile=fopen(attributefilename,"r");
+ coordinatefile=fopen(coordinatefilename,"r");
+
+ if (attributefile!=NULL && coordinatefile!=NULL)
+ {
+ /* Skip First ASCII File Record (ID=0) */
+
+ for (x=0; x<7; x++)
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+
+ do
+ {
+ string[0]=0;
+ fscanf(coordinatefile,"%ld", &coordinatefile_id);
+
+ if (coordinatefile_id!=-99999)
+ {
+ name[0]=0;
+
+ fscanf(coordinatefile,"%lf %lf",&lon, &lat);
+
+ /* Read ID Number From Attribute File */
+
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+ sscanf(string,"%ld",&attributefile_id);
+
+
+ /* Skip Two Strings in Attribute File */
+
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+
+
+ /* Read City Name From Attribute File */
+
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+
+ /* Strip "quote" characters from name */
+
+ for (x=2, y=0; string[x]!='"' && string[x]!=0; x++, y++)
+ name[y]=string[x];
+
+ name[y]=0;
+
+ /* Skip Two Strings in Attribute File */
+
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+
+ /* Skip blank line between records */
+
+ fgets(string,80,attributefile);
+
+ if (name[0]!=0 && name[0]!=' ' && feof(attributefile)==0 && attributefile_id==coordinatefile_id)
+ printf("%s, %f, %f\n",name,lat,-lon);
+ }
+
+
+ /* Read to the end of the current coordinatefile record */
+
+ do
+ {
+ string[0]=0;
+ fscanf(coordinatefile,"%s",string);
+
+ } while (strncmp(string,"END",3)!=0 && feof(coordinatefile)==0);
+
+ } while (feof(coordinatefile)==0);
+
+ fclose(attributefile);
+ fclose(coordinatefile);
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ /* Houston, We Have A Problem... */
+
+ fprintf(stderr,"%c\n",7);
+
+ if (coordinatefile==NULL)
+ fprintf(stderr,"*** Error opening coordinate file: \"%s\"!\n",coordinatefilename);
+
+ if (attributefile==NULL)
+ fprintf(stderr,"*** Error opening attribute file : \"%s\"!\n",attributefilename);
+ fprintf(stderr,"\n");
+ }
+ }
+
+ exit(0);
+}
--- /dev/null
+State/Region FIPS code\r
+\r
+Alabama 01\r
+Alaska 02\r
+Arizona 03\r
+Arkansas 05\r
+California 06\r
+Colorado 08 \r
+Connecticut 09\r
+Delaware 10\r
+District of Columbia 11\r
+Florida 12\r
+Georgia 13\r
+Hawaii 15\r
+Idaho 16\r
+Illinois 17\r
+Indiana 18\r
+Iowa 19\r
+Kansas 20\r
+Kentucky 21\r
+Louisiana 22\r
+Maine 23\r
+Maryland 24\r
+Massachusetts 25\r
+Michigan 26\r
+Minnesota 27\r
+Mississippi 28\r
+Missouri 29\r
+Montana 30\r
+Nebraska 31\r
+Nevada 32\r
+New Hampshire 33\r
+New Jersey 34\r
+New Mexico 35\r
+New York 36\r
+North Carolina 37\r
+North Dakota 38\r
+Ohio 39\r
+Oklahoma 40\r
+Oregon 41\r
+Pennsylvania 42\r
+Rhode Island 44\r
+South Carolina 45\r
+South Dakota 46\r
+Tennessee 47\r
+Texas 48\r
+Utah 49\r
+Vermont 50\r
+Virginia 51\r
+Washington 53\r
+West Virginia 54\r
+Wisconsin 55\r
+Wyoming 56\r
+American Samoa 60\r
+Guam 66\r
+N. Mariana Islands 69\r
+Puerto Rico 72\r
+Virgin Islands 78\r
+\r
--- /dev/null
+/****************************************************************************
+* FONTDATA: A "fontdata.h" File Generator *
+* Copyright John A. Magliacane, KD2BD 2002 *
+* Last update: 13-Apr-2002 *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This utility reads gzip compressed font data, and generates a fontdata.h *
+* file required for compilation of SPLAT!. Slackware Linux users may *
+* find compatible console font data files under /usr/lib/kbd/consolefonts *
+* (Slackware < version 8), or /usr/share/kbd/consolefonts (Slackware 8). *
+* *
+* Example: fontdata s.fnt.gz *
+* Writes s.fnt font data to "fontdata.h" in current working directory. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+* To compile: gcc -Wall -O6 -s -lz fontdata.c -o fontdata *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
+* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License or any later *
+* version. *
+* *
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will useful, but WITHOUT *
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
+* for more details. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <zlib.h>
+
+int main(argc,argv)
+int argc;
+char *argv[];
+{
+ int x;
+ unsigned char line, input;
+ FILE *infile, *outfile;
+
+ if (argc==2)
+ infile=gzopen(argv[1],"rb");
+
+ else
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"Usage: fontdata fontfile.gz\n");
+ exit(-1);
+ }
+
+ if (infile!=NULL)
+ {
+ outfile=fopen("fontdata.h","wb");
+
+ fprintf(outfile,"static char fontdata[] = {\n ");
+
+ for (x=0, line=0; x<4096; x++)
+ {
+ input=gzgetc(infile);
+
+ fprintf(outfile," 0x%.2x",input);
+ line++;
+
+ if (x<4095)
+ fprintf(outfile,",");
+
+ if (line==12)
+ {
+ fprintf(outfile,"\n ");
+ line=0;
+ }
+ }
+
+ fprintf(outfile," };\n");
+
+ gzclose(infile);
+ fclose(outfile);
+
+ printf("fontdata.h successfully written!\n");
+ }
+
+ else
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"%c*** Error: %c%s%c Not Found!\n",7,34,argv[1],34);
+ exit(-1);
+ }
+
+ exit(0);
+}
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Simple shell script for installing SPLAT! and associated utilities.
+# Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD April 2002
+#
+
+install_citydecoder()
+{
+ cp citydecoder /usr/local/bin
+ echo "citydecoder installed!"
+}
+
+install_usgs2sdf()
+{
+ cp usgs2sdf /usr/local/bin
+ echo "usgs2sdf installed!"
+}
+
+install_fontdata()
+{
+ cp fontdata /usr/local/bin
+ echo "fontdata installed!"
+}
+
+whoami=`whoami`
+
+if [ $whoami != "root" ]; then
+ echo "Sorry, $whoami. You need to be 'root' to install this software. :-("
+fi
+
+if [ $# == "0" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: ./install { citydecoder, usgs2sdf, fontdata, all }"
+else
+
+ if [ $1 == "citydecoder" ] && [ $whoami == "root" ] && [ -x citydecoder ]; then
+ install_citydecoder
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "usgs2sdf" ] && [ $whoami == "root" ] && [ -x usgs2sdf ]; then
+ install_usgs2sdf
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "fontdata" ] && [ $whoami == "root" ] && [ -x fontdata ]; then
+ install_fontdata
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 == "all" ] && [ $whoami == "root" ]; then
+ if [ -x citydecoder ]; then
+ install_citydecoder
+ fi
+
+ if [ -x usgs2sdf ]; then
+ install_usgs2sdf
+ fi
+
+ if [ -x fontdata ]; then
+ install_fontdata
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ if [ $1 != "citydecoder" ] && [ $1 != "usgs2sdf" ] && [ $1 != "fontdata" ] && [ $1 != "all" ]; then
+ echo "Usage: install { citydecoder, usgs2sdf, fontdata, all }"
+ fi
+fi
--- /dev/null
+#!/bin/bash
+# Simple script for processing of downloaded undelimited gzipped
+# USGS DEM files, and converting them to SPLAT Data Files.
+# Written by John A. Magliacane, KD2BD May 2002
+#
+if [ $# == "0" ]; then
+ echo
+ echo "This utility reads downloaded gzipped USGS DEM"
+ echo "files and generates equivalent SPLAT Data Files (SDFs)."
+ echo
+ echo "Files compatible with this SPLAT! utility may be"
+ echo "obtained via anonymous ftp at:"
+ echo
+ echo -e "\tedcftp.cr.usgs.gov"
+ echo
+ echo "in the pub/data/DEM/250 subdirectory, or via http at:"
+ echo
+ echo -e "\tedcwww.cr.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_dem#dem7"
+ echo
+ echo "Usage: postdownload wilmington-w.gz"
+ echo
+else
+ # gunzip the downloaded file...
+ echo -n "Uncompressing $1..."
+ gunzip -c $1 > unzipped_file
+ echo
+ echo "Adding record delimiters..."
+ dd if=unzipped_file of=delimited_file ibs=4096 cbs=1024 conv=unblock
+ # Invoke usgs2sdf to generate a SPLAT Data File...
+ usgs2sdf delimited_file
+ echo -n "Removing temp files..."
+ rm delimited_file unzipped_file
+ echo
+ echo "Done!"
+fi
--- /dev/null
+/****************************************************************************
+* USGS2SDF: USGS to SPLAT Data File Converter Utility *
+* Copyright John A. Magliacane, KD2BD 1997-2001 *
+* Last update: 13-Apr-2002 *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This program reads files containing delimited US Geological Survey *
+* Digital Elevation Model Data files, and creates Splat Data Files *
+* containing ONLY the raw information needed by SPLAT!, thereby saving *
+* disk space, as well as read/write time. *
+* *
+* The format of .sdf files created by this utility is as follows: *
+* *
+* maximum west longitude (degrees West) *
+* minimum north latitude (degrees North) *
+* minimum west longitude (degrees West) *
+* maximum north latitude (degrees North) *
+* ...1440000 elevation points... (1200x1200) *
+* *
+* All data is represented as integers. A single '\n' follows each value. *
+* *
+* SPLAT Data Files are named according to the geographical locations *
+* they represent (ie: min_north:max_north:min_west:max_west.sdf). *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************
+* To compile: gcc -Wall -O6 -s splat2sdf.c -o splat2sdf *
+*****************************************************************************
+* *
+* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it *
+* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the *
+* Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License or any later *
+* version. *
+* *
+* This program is distributed in the hope that it will useful, but WITHOUT *
+* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or *
+* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License *
+* for more details. *
+* *
+*****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+char *d2e(string)
+char *string;
+{
+ /* This function is used to replace 'D's with 'E's for proper
+ exponential notation of numeric strings read from delimited
+ USGS data files. It returns a pointer to a string. */
+
+ unsigned char x;
+
+ for (x=0; string[x]!=0; x++)
+ if (string[x]=='D')
+ string[x]='E';
+ return (string);
+}
+
+int main(argc,argv)
+int argc;
+char *argv[];
+{
+ unsigned char minimum[30], maximum[30], swlong[30], swlat[30],
+ nwlong[30], nwlat[30], nelong[30], nelat[30], selong[30],
+ selat[30], string[40];
+ double max_el, min_el, max_west, min_west, max_north, min_north;
+ int x, y, z, c, array[1202][1202];
+ char splatfile[25];
+ FILE *fd;
+
+ if (argc!=2)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"Usage: usgs2sdf uncompressed_delimited_usgs_datafile (ie: wilmington-e)\n");
+ exit(0);
+ }
+
+ fd=fopen(argv[1],"rb");
+
+ if (fd!=NULL)
+ {
+ fprintf(stdout,"Reading \"%s\"...",argv[1]);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ /* Skip first 548 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<548; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read quadrangle corners */
+
+ /* Read southwest longitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ swlong[x]=getc(fd);
+ swlong[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read southwest latitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ swlat[x]=getc(fd);
+ swlat[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read northwest longitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ nwlong[x]=getc(fd);
+ nwlong[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read northwest latitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ nwlat[x]=getc(fd);
+ nwlat[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read northeast longitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ nelong[x]=getc(fd);
+ nelong[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read northeast latitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ nelat[x]=getc(fd);
+ nelat[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read southeast longitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ selong[x]=getc(fd);
+ selong[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read southeast latitude */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ selat[x]=getc(fd);
+ selat[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read minimum elevation */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ minimum[x]=getc(fd);
+ minimum[x]=0;
+
+ /* Skip 2 bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<2; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read maximum elevation */
+
+ for (x=0; x<22; x++)
+ maximum[x]=getc(fd);
+
+ maximum[x]=0;
+
+ sscanf(d2e(minimum),"%lf",&min_el);
+ sscanf(d2e(maximum),"%lf",&max_el);
+
+ sscanf(d2e(swlong),"%lf",&max_west);
+ sscanf(d2e(swlat),"%lf",&min_north);
+
+ sscanf(d2e(nelong),"%lf",&min_west);
+ sscanf(d2e(nelat),"%lf",&max_north);
+
+ max_west/=-3600.0;
+ min_north/=3600.0;
+ max_north/=3600.0;
+ min_west/=-3600.0;
+
+ /* Skip 84 Bytes */
+
+ for (x=0; x<84; x++)
+ getc(fd);
+
+ /* Read elevation data... */
+
+ for (x=1200; x>=0; x--)
+ {
+ if (x==900)
+ {
+ printf(" 25%c...",37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ if (x==600)
+ {
+ printf(" 50%c...",37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ if (x==300)
+ {
+ printf(" 75%c... ",37);
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ /* Skip over 9 strings of data */
+
+ for (y=0; y<9; y++)
+ {
+ string[0]=0;
+
+ do
+ {
+ c=getc(fd);
+
+ } while (c==' ' || c=='\n');
+
+ for (z=0; c!=' ' && c!='\n' && z<28; z++)
+ {
+ string[z]=c;
+ c=getc(fd);
+ }
+
+ string[z]=0;
+ }
+
+ /* Store elevation data in array */
+
+ for (y=0; y<1201; y++)
+ {
+ string[0]=0;
+
+ do
+ {
+ c=getc(fd);
+
+ } while (c==' ' || c=='\n');
+
+ for (z=0; c!=' ' && c!='\n' && z<28; z++)
+ {
+ string[z]=c;
+ c=getc(fd);
+ }
+
+ string[z]=0;
+ sscanf(string,"%d",&array[y][x]);
+ }
+ }
+
+ fclose(fd);
+
+ /* Write splat data file to disk */
+
+ sprintf(splatfile,"%.0f:%.0f:%.0f:%.0f.sdf",min_north,max_north,min_west,max_west);
+
+ fprintf(stdout," Done!\nWriting \"%s\"... ",splatfile);
+ fflush(stdout);
+
+ fd=fopen(splatfile,"w");
+
+ fprintf(fd,"%.0f\n%.0f\n%.0f\n%.0f\n", max_west, min_north, min_west, max_north);
+
+ for (x=0; x<1200; x++)
+ for (y=0; y<1200; y++)
+ fprintf(fd,"%d\n",array[x][y]);
+
+ fclose(fd);
+ fprintf(stdout,"Done!\n");
+ fflush(stdout);
+ }
+
+ if (fd==NULL)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"*** %c%s%c: File Not Found!\n",34,argv[1],34);
+ exit(-1);
+ }
+ else
+ exit(0);
+}
projects / debian / splat / commitdiff