]> git.gag.com Git - debian/sudo/blobdiff - plugins/sudoers/set_perms.c
Merge tag 'debian/1.8.5p2-1' into squeeze
[debian/sudo] / plugins / sudoers / set_perms.c
diff --git a/plugins/sudoers/set_perms.c b/plugins/sudoers/set_perms.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..e2ae512
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1545 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1994-1996,1998-2011 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
+ * Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
+ * Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
+ */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#ifdef STDC_HEADERS
+# include <stdlib.h>
+# include <stddef.h>
+#else
+# ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
+#  include <stdlib.h>
+# endif
+#endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
+#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
+# include <string.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_STRING_H */
+#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+# include <strings.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_STRINGS_H */
+#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif /* HAVE_UNISTD_H */
+#ifdef _AIX
+# include <sys/id.h>
+#endif
+#include <pwd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <grp.h>
+
+#include "sudoers.h"
+
+/*
+ * Prototypes
+ */
+#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) || defined(HAVE_SETREUID) || defined(HAVE_SETEUID)
+static struct group_list *runas_setgroups(void);
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * We keep track of the current permisstions and use a stack to restore
+ * the old permissions.  A depth of 16 is overkill.
+ */
+struct perm_state {
+    uid_t ruid;
+    uid_t euid;
+#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) || defined(ID_SAVED)
+    uid_t suid;
+#endif
+    gid_t rgid;
+    gid_t egid;
+#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) || defined(ID_SAVED)
+    gid_t sgid;
+#endif
+    struct group_list *grlist;
+};
+
+#define PERM_STACK_MAX 16
+static struct perm_state perm_stack[PERM_STACK_MAX];
+static int perm_stack_depth = 0;
+
+#undef ID
+#define ID(x) (state->x == ostate->x ? -1 : state->x)
+#undef OID
+#define OID(x) (ostate->x == state->x ? -1 : ostate->x)
+
+void
+rewind_perms(void)
+{
+    debug_decl(rewind_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    while (perm_stack_depth > 1)
+       restore_perms();
+    grlist_delref(perm_stack[0].grlist);
+
+    debug_return;
+}
+
+#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID)
+
+#define UID_CHANGED (state->ruid != ostate->ruid || state->euid != ostate->euid || state->suid != ostate->suid)
+#define GID_CHANGED (state->rgid != ostate->rgid || state->egid != ostate->egid || state->sgid != ostate->sgid)
+
+/*
+ * Set real and effective and saved uids and gids based on perm.
+ * We always retain a saved uid of 0 unless we are headed for an exec().
+ * We only flip the effective gid since it only changes for PERM_SUDOERS.
+ * This version of set_perms() works fine with the "stay_setuid" option.
+ */
+int
+set_perms(int perm)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate = NULL;
+    char errbuf[1024];
+    int noexit;
+    debug_decl(set_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    noexit = ISSET(perm, PERM_NOEXIT);
+    CLR(perm, PERM_MASK);
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth == PERM_STACK_MAX) {
+       strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack overflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+       errno = EINVAL;
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth];
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (perm_stack_depth == 0) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack underflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           errno = EINVAL;
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    }
+
+    switch (perm) {
+    case PERM_INITIAL:
+       /* Stash initial state */
+#ifdef HAVE_GETRESUID
+       if (getresuid(&state->ruid, &state->euid, &state->suid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_INITIAL: getresuid", sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+
+       }
+       if (getresgid(&state->rgid, &state->egid, &state->sgid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_INITIAL: getresgid", sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+#else
+       state->ruid = getuid();
+       state->euid = geteuid();
+       state->suid = state->euid; /* in case we are setuid */
+
+       state->rgid = getgid();
+       state->egid = getegid();
+       state->sgid = state->egid; /* in case we are setgid */
+#endif
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_INITIAL: "
+           "ruid: %d, euid: %d, suid: %d, rgid: %d, egid: %d, sgid: %d",
+           __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_ROOT:
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_ROOT: setresuid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_USER:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setresgid(ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "PERM_USER: setresgid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "PERM_USER: setresuid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_FULL_USER:
+       /* headed for exec() */
+       state->rgid = user_gid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       state->sgid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setresgid(ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setresgid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_FULL_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       state->suid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setresuid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_RUNAS:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = runas_gr ? runas_gr->gr_gid : runas_pw->pw_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setresgid(ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = runas_setgroups();
+       state->ruid = ostate->ruid;
+       state->euid = runas_pw ? runas_pw->pw_uid : user_uid;
+       state->suid = ostate->suid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas uid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_SUDOERS:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+
+       /* assumes euid == ROOT_UID, ruid == user */
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = sudoers_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setresgid(ID(rgid), ID(egid), ID(sgid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to sudoers gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       /*
+        * If sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID and sudoers_mode is group readable
+        * we use a non-zero uid in order to avoid NFS lossage.
+        * Using uid 1 is a bit bogus but should work on all OS's.
+        */
+       if (sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID && (sudoers_mode & S_IRGRP))
+           state->euid = 1;
+       else
+           state->euid = sudoers_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_SUDOERS: setresuid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_TIMESTAMP:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = timestamp_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_TIMESTAMP: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setresuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_TIMESTAMP: setresuid(%d, %d, %d)",
+               ID(ruid), ID(euid), ID(suid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+    }
+
+    perm_stack_depth++;
+    debug_return_bool(1);
+bad:
+    warningx("%s: %s", errbuf,
+       errno == EAGAIN ? _("too many processes") : strerror(errno));
+    if (noexit)
+       debug_return_bool(0);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+void
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate;
+    debug_decl(restore_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth < 2)
+       debug_return;
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 2];
+    perm_stack_depth--;
+
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: uid: [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+       (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid);
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: gid: [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+       (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid);
+
+    /* XXX - more cases here where euid != ruid */
+    if (OID(euid) == ROOT_UID) {
+       if (setresuid(-1, ROOT_UID, -1)) {
+           warning("setresuid() [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+               (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+               -1, ROOT_UID, -1);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    if (setresuid(OID(ruid), OID(euid), OID(suid))) {
+       warning("setresuid() [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+           (int)OID(ruid), (int)OID(euid), (int)OID(suid));
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (setresgid(OID(rgid), OID(egid), OID(sgid))) {
+       warning("setresgid() [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+           (int)OID(rgid), (int)OID(egid), (int)OID(sgid));
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+       if (sudo_setgroups(ostate->grlist->ngids, ostate->grlist->gids)) {
+           warning("setgroups()");
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    grlist_delref(state->grlist);
+    debug_return;
+
+bad:
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+#elif defined(_AIX) && defined(ID_SAVED)
+
+#define UID_CHANGED (state->ruid != ostate->ruid || state->euid != ostate->euid || state->suid != ostate->suid)
+#define GID_CHANGED (state->rgid != ostate->rgid || state->egid != ostate->egid || state->sgid != ostate->sgid)
+
+/*
+ * Set real and effective and saved uids and gids based on perm.
+ * We always retain a saved uid of 0 unless we are headed for an exec().
+ * We only flip the effective gid since it only changes for PERM_SUDOERS.
+ * This version of set_perms() works fine with the "stay_setuid" option.
+ */
+int
+set_perms(int perm)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate = NULL;
+    char errbuf[1024];
+    int noexit;
+    debug_decl(set_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    noexit = ISSET(perm, PERM_NOEXIT);
+    CLR(perm, PERM_MASK);
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth == PERM_STACK_MAX) {
+       strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack overflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+       errno = EINVAL;
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth];
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (perm_stack_depth == 0) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack underflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           errno = EINVAL;
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    }
+
+    switch (perm) {
+    case PERM_INITIAL:
+       /* Stash initial state */
+       state->ruid = getuidx(ID_REAL);
+       state->euid = getuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE);
+       state->suid = getuidx(ID_SAVED);
+       state->rgid = getgidx(ID_REAL);
+       state->egid = getgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE);
+       state->sgid = getgidx(ID_SAVED);
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_INITIAL: "
+           "ruid: %d, euid: %d, suid: %d, rgid: %d, egid: %d, sgid: %d",
+           __func__, (unsigned int)state->ruid, (unsigned int)state->euid,
+           (unsigned int)state->suid, (unsigned int)state->rgid,
+           (unsigned int)state->egid, (unsigned int)state->sgid);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_ROOT:
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, ROOT_UID)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_ROOT: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+               ROOT_UID);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_USER:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, user_gid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", user_gid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (ostate->euid != ROOT_UID || ostate->suid != ROOT_UID) {
+           if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, ROOT_UID)) {
+               snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                   "PERM_USER: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+                   ROOT_UID);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL, user_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL, %d)", user_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_FULL_USER:
+       /* headed for exec() */
+       state->rgid = user_gid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       state->sgid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, user_gid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+               user_gid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_FULL_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       state->suid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, user_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+               user_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_RUNAS:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = runas_gr ? runas_gr->gr_gid : runas_pw->pw_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, state->egid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = runas_setgroups();
+       state->ruid = ostate->ruid;
+       state->euid = runas_pw ? runas_pw->pw_uid : user_uid;
+       state->suid = ostate->suid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, state->euid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas uid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_SUDOERS:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+
+       /* assume euid == ROOT_UID, ruid == user */
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = sudoers_gid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, sudoers_gid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to sudoers gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       /*
+        * If sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID and sudoers_mode is group readable
+        * we use a non-zero uid in order to avoid NFS lossage.
+        * Using uid 1 is a bit bogus but should work on all OS's.
+        */
+       if (sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID && (sudoers_mode & S_IRGRP))
+           state->euid = 1;
+       else
+           state->euid = sudoers_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED) {
+           if (ostate->ruid != ROOT_UID || ostate->suid != ROOT_UID) {
+               if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, ROOT_UID)) {
+                   snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                       "PERM_SUDOERS: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+                       ROOT_UID);
+                   goto bad;
+               }
+           }
+           if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, state->euid)) {
+               snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                   "PERM_SUDOERS: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", sudoers_uid);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_TIMESTAMP:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->sgid = ostate->sgid;
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = timestamp_uid;
+       state->suid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_TIMESTAMP: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]", __func__,
+           (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED) {
+           if (ostate->ruid != ROOT_UID || ostate->suid != ROOT_UID) {
+               if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, ROOT_UID)) {
+                   snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                       "PERM_TIMESTAMP: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+                       ROOT_UID);
+                   goto bad;
+               }
+           }
+           if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, timestamp_uid)) {
+               snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                   "PERM_TIMESTAMP: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", timestamp_uid);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       break;
+    }
+
+    perm_stack_depth++;
+    debug_return_bool(1);
+bad:
+    warningx("%s: %s", errbuf,
+       errno == EAGAIN ? _("too many processes") : strerror(errno));
+    if (noexit)
+       debug_return_bool(0);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+void
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate;
+    debug_decl(restore_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth < 2)
+       debug_return;
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 2];
+    perm_stack_depth--;
+
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: uid: [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+       (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid, (int)ostate->suid);
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: gid: [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+       (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid, (int)ostate->sgid);
+
+    if (OID(ruid) != -1 || OID(euid) != -1 || OID(suid) != -1) {
+       if (OID(euid) == ROOT_UID) {
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)",
+               __func__, ROOT_UID);
+           if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, ROOT_UID)) {
+               warning("setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+                   -1, ROOT_UID, -1);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       if (OID(ruid) == OID(euid) && OID(euid) == OID(suid)) {
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+               "%s: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+               __func__, OID(ruid));
+           if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, OID(ruid))) {
+               warning("setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+                   (int)OID(ruid), (int)OID(euid), (int)OID(suid));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       } else if (OID(ruid) == -1 && OID(suid) == -1) {
+           /* May have already changed euid to ROOT_UID above. */
+           if (OID(euid) != ROOT_UID) {
+               sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+                   "%s: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", __func__, OID(euid));
+               if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, OID(euid))) {
+                   warning("setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                       (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+                       (int)OID(ruid), (int)OID(euid), (int)OID(suid));
+                   goto bad;
+               }
+           }
+       } else if (OID(suid) == -1) {
+           /* Cannot set the real uid alone. */
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+               "%s: setuidx(ID_REAL|ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", __func__, OID(ruid));
+           if (setuidx(ID_REAL|ID_EFFECTIVE, OID(ruid))) {
+               warning("setuidx(ID_REAL|ID_EFFECTIVE) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid, (int)state->suid,
+                   (int)OID(ruid), (int)OID(euid), (int)OID(suid));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+           /* Restore the effective euid if it doesn't match the ruid. */
+           if (OID(euid) != OID(ruid)) {
+               sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+                   "%s: setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", __func__, ostate->euid);
+               if (setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, ostate->euid)) {
+                   warning("setuidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)", ostate->euid);
+                   goto bad;
+               }
+           }
+       }
+    }
+    if (OID(rgid) != -1 || OID(egid) != -1 || OID(sgid) != -1) {
+       if (OID(rgid) == OID(egid) && OID(egid) == OID(sgid)) {
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+               "%s: setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, %d)",
+               __func__, OID(rgid));
+           if (setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED, OID(rgid))) {
+               warning("setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL|ID_SAVED) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+                   (int)OID(rgid), (int)OID(egid), (int)OID(sgid));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       } else if (OID(rgid) == -1 && OID(sgid) == -1) {
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, %d)",
+               __func__, OID(egid));
+           if (setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE, OID(egid))) {
+               warning("setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+                   (int)OID(rgid), (int)OID(egid), (int)OID(sgid));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       } else if (OID(sgid) == -1) {
+           sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO,
+               "%s: setgidx(ID_EFFECTIVE|ID_REAL, %d)", __func__, OID(rgid));
+           if (setgidx(ID_REAL|ID_EFFECTIVE, OID(rgid))) {
+               warning("setgidx(ID_REAL|ID_EFFECTIVE) [%d, %d, %d] -> [%d, %d, %d]",
+                   (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid, (int)state->sgid,
+                   (int)OID(rgid), (int)OID(egid), (int)OID(sgid));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+    }
+    if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+       if (sudo_setgroups(ostate->grlist->ngids, ostate->grlist->gids)) {
+           warning("setgroups()");
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    grlist_delref(state->grlist);
+    debug_return;
+
+bad:
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_SETREUID)
+
+#define UID_CHANGED (state->ruid != ostate->ruid || state->euid != ostate->euid)
+#define GID_CHANGED (state->rgid != ostate->rgid || state->egid != ostate->egid)
+
+/*
+ * Set real and effective and saved uids and gids based on perm.
+ * We always retain a saved uid of 0 unless we are headed for an exec().
+ * We only flip the effective gid since it only changes for PERM_SUDOERS.
+ * This version of set_perms() works fine with the "stay_setuid" option.
+ */
+int
+set_perms(int perm)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate = NULL;
+    char errbuf[1024];
+    int noexit;
+    debug_decl(set_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    noexit = ISSET(perm, PERM_NOEXIT);
+    CLR(perm, PERM_MASK);
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth == PERM_STACK_MAX) {
+       strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack overflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+       errno = EINVAL;
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth];
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (perm_stack_depth == 0) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack underflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           errno = EINVAL;
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    }
+
+    switch (perm) {
+    case PERM_INITIAL:
+       /* Stash initial state */
+       state->ruid = getuid();
+       state->euid = geteuid();
+       state->rgid = getgid();
+       state->egid = getegid();
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_INITIAL: "
+           "ruid: %d, euid: %d, rgid: %d, egid: %d", __func__,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_ROOT:
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = ROOT_UID;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       /*
+        * setreuid(0, 0) may fail on some systems if euid is not already 0.
+        */
+       if (ostate->euid != ROOT_UID) {
+           if (setreuid(-1, ROOT_UID)) {
+               snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                   "PERM_ROOT: setreuid(-1, %d)", PERM_ROOT);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       if (ostate->ruid != ROOT_UID) {
+           if (setreuid(ROOT_UID, -1)) {
+               snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+                   "PERM_ROOT: setreuid(%d, -1)", ROOT_UID);
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_USER:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setregid(ID(rgid), ID(egid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: setregid(%d, %d)", ID(rgid), ID(egid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setreuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: setreuid(%d, %d)", ID(ruid), ID(euid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_FULL_USER:
+       /* headed for exec() */
+       state->rgid = user_gid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setregid(ID(rgid), ID(egid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setregid(%d, %d)", ID(rgid), ID(egid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_FULL_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setreuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setreuid(%d, %d)", ID(ruid), ID(euid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_RUNAS:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = runas_gr ? runas_gr->gr_gid : runas_pw->pw_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setregid(ID(rgid), ID(egid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = runas_setgroups();
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = runas_pw ? runas_pw->pw_uid : user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setreuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas uid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_SUDOERS:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+
+       /* assume euid == ROOT_UID, ruid == user */
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = sudoers_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setregid(ID(rgid), ID(egid))) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to sudoers gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       /*
+        * If sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID and sudoers_mode is group readable
+        * we use a non-zero uid in order to avoid NFS lossage.
+        * Using uid 1 is a bit bogus but should work on all OS's.
+        */
+       if (sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID && (sudoers_mode & S_IRGRP))
+           state->euid = 1;
+       else
+           state->euid = sudoers_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setreuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_SUDOERS: setreuid(%d, %d)", ID(ruid), ID(euid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_TIMESTAMP:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = timestamp_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_TIMESTAMP: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (UID_CHANGED && setreuid(ID(ruid), ID(euid))) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_TIMESTAMP: setreuid(%d, %d)", ID(ruid), ID(euid));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+    }
+
+    perm_stack_depth++;
+    debug_return_bool(1);
+bad:
+    warningx("%s: %s", errbuf,
+       errno == EAGAIN ? _("too many processes") : strerror(errno));
+    if (noexit)
+       debug_return_bool(0);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+void
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate;
+    debug_decl(restore_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth < 2)
+       debug_return;
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 2];
+    perm_stack_depth--;
+
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: uid: [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid,
+       (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid);
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: gid: [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid,
+       (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid);
+
+    /*
+     * When changing euid to ROOT_UID, setreuid() may fail even if
+     * the ruid is ROOT_UID so call setuid() first.
+     */
+    if (OID(euid) == ROOT_UID) {
+       /* setuid() may not set the saved ID unless the euid is ROOT_UID */
+       if (ID(euid) != ROOT_UID)
+           (void)setreuid(-1, ROOT_UID);
+       if (setuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+           warning("setuid() [%d, %d] -> %d)", (int)state->ruid,
+               (int)state->euid, ROOT_UID);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    if (setreuid(OID(ruid), OID(euid))) {
+       warning("setreuid() [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", (int)state->ruid,
+           (int)state->euid, (int)OID(ruid), (int)OID(euid));
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (setregid(OID(rgid), OID(egid))) {
+       warning("setregid() [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", (int)state->rgid,
+           (int)state->egid, (int)OID(rgid), (int)OID(egid));
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+       if (sudo_setgroups(ostate->grlist->ngids, ostate->grlist->gids)) {
+           warning("setgroups()");
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    grlist_delref(state->grlist);
+    debug_return;
+
+bad:
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_SETEUID)
+
+#define GID_CHANGED (state->rgid != ostate->rgid || state->egid != ostate->egid)
+
+/*
+ * Set real and effective uids and gids based on perm.
+ * We always retain a real or effective uid of ROOT_UID unless
+ * we are headed for an exec().
+ * This version of set_perms() works fine with the "stay_setuid" option.
+ */
+int
+set_perms(int perm)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate = NULL;
+    char errbuf[1024];
+    int noexit;
+    debug_decl(set_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    noexit = ISSET(perm, PERM_NOEXIT);
+    CLR(perm, PERM_MASK);
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth == PERM_STACK_MAX) {
+       strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack overflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+       errno = EINVAL;
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth];
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (perm_stack_depth == 0) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack underflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           errno = EINVAL;
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Since we only have setuid() and seteuid() and semantics
+     * for these calls differ on various systems, we set
+     * real and effective uids to ROOT_UID initially to be safe.
+     */
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (ostate->euid != ROOT_UID && seteuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "set_perms: seteuid(%d)", ROOT_UID);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       if (ostate->ruid != ROOT_UID && setuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "set_perms: setuid(%d)", ROOT_UID);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+
+    switch (perm) {
+    case PERM_INITIAL:
+       /* Stash initial state */
+       state->ruid = getuid();
+       state->euid = geteuid();
+       state->rgid = getgid();
+       state->egid = getegid();
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_INITIAL: "
+           "ruid: %d, euid: %d, rgid: %d, egid: %d", __func__,
+           (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid,
+           (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_ROOT:
+       /* We already set ruid/euid above. */
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, ROOT_UID, ROOT_UID);
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_USER:
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setegid(user_gid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: setegid(%d)", user_gid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (seteuid(user_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_USER: seteuid(%d)", user_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_FULL_USER:
+       /* headed for exec() */
+       state->rgid = user_gid;
+       state->egid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setgid(user_gid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setgid(%d)", user_gid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_FULL_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       state->euid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_FULL_USER: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (setuid(user_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setuid(%d)", user_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_RUNAS:
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = runas_gr ? runas_gr->gr_gid : runas_pw->pw_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setegid(state->egid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       state->grlist = runas_setgroups();
+       state->ruid = ostate->ruid;
+       state->euid = runas_pw ? runas_pw->pw_uid : user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_RUNAS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (seteuid(state->euid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to runas uid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_SUDOERS:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+
+       /* assume euid == ROOT_UID, ruid == user */
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = sudoers_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: gid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid,
+           (int)ostate->egid, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid);
+       if (GID_CHANGED && setegid(sudoers_gid)) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("unable to change to sudoers gid"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           goto bad;
+       }
+
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       /*
+        * If sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID and sudoers_mode is group readable
+        * we use a non-zero uid in order to avoid NFS lossage.
+        * Using uid 1 is a bit bogus but should work on all OS's.
+        */
+       if (sudoers_uid == ROOT_UID && (sudoers_mode & S_IRGRP))
+           state->euid = 1;
+       else
+           state->euid = sudoers_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_SUDOERS: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (seteuid(state->euid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_SUDOERS: seteuid(%d)", state->euid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_TIMESTAMP:
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->egid = ostate->egid;
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->euid = timestamp_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_TIMESTAMP: uid: "
+           "[%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid,
+           (int)ostate->euid, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid);
+       if (seteuid(timestamp_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_TIMESTAMP: seteuid(%d)", timestamp_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+    }
+
+    perm_stack_depth++;
+    debug_return_bool(1);
+bad:
+    warningx("%s: %s", errbuf,
+       errno == EAGAIN ? _("too many processes") : strerror(errno));
+    if (noexit)
+       debug_return_bool(0);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+void
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate;
+    debug_decl(restore_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth < 2)
+       debug_return;
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 2];
+    perm_stack_depth--;
+
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: uid: [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->euid,
+       (int)ostate->ruid, (int)ostate->euid);
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: gid: [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->rgid, (int)state->egid,
+       (int)ostate->rgid, (int)ostate->egid);
+
+    /*
+     * Since we only have setuid() and seteuid() and semantics
+     * for these calls differ on various systems, we set
+     * real and effective uids to ROOT_UID initially to be safe.
+     */
+    if (seteuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+       warningx("seteuid() [%d] -> [%d]", (int)state->euid, ROOT_UID);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (setuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+       warningx("setuid() [%d, %d] -> [%d, %d]", (int)state->ruid, ROOT_UID,
+           ROOT_UID, ROOT_UID);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    if (OID(egid) != -1 && setegid(ostate->egid)) {
+       warning("setegid(%d)", (int)ostate->egid);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+       if (sudo_setgroups(ostate->grlist->ngids, ostate->grlist->gids)) {
+           warning("setgroups()");
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    if (OID(euid) != -1 && seteuid(ostate->euid)) {
+       warning("seteuid(%d)", ostate->euid);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    grlist_delref(state->grlist);
+    debug_return;
+
+bad:
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+#else /* !HAVE_SETRESUID && !HAVE_SETREUID && !HAVE_SETEUID */
+
+/*
+ * Set uids and gids based on perm via setuid() and setgid().
+ * NOTE: does not support the "stay_setuid" or timestampowner options.
+ *       Also, sudoers_uid and sudoers_gid are not used.
+ */
+int
+set_perms(int perm)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate = NULL;
+    char errbuf[1024];
+    int noexit;
+    debug_decl(set_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    noexit = ISSET(perm, PERM_NOEXIT);
+    CLR(perm, PERM_MASK);
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth == PERM_STACK_MAX) {
+       strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack overflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+       errno = EINVAL;
+       goto bad;
+    }
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth];
+    if (perm != PERM_INITIAL) {
+       if (perm_stack_depth == 0) {
+           strlcpy(errbuf, _("perm stack underflow"), sizeof(errbuf));
+           errno = EINVAL;
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    }
+
+    switch (perm) {
+    case PERM_INITIAL:
+       /* Stash initial state */
+       state->ruid = geteuid() == ROOT_UID ? ROOT_UID : getuid();
+       state->rgid = getgid();
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_INITIAL: "
+           "ruid: %d, rgid: %d", __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)state->rgid);
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_ROOT:
+       state->ruid = ROOT_UID;
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d] -> [%d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid, (int)state->ruid);
+       if (setuid(ROOT_UID)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "PERM_ROOT: setuid(%d)", ROOT_UID);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_FULL_USER:
+       state->rgid = user_gid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: gid: "
+           "[%d] -> [%d]", __func__, (int)ostate->rgid, (int)state->rgid);
+       (void) setgid(user_gid);
+       state->grlist = user_group_list;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+           if (sudo_setgroups(state->grlist->ngids, state->grlist->gids)) {
+               strlcpy(errbuf, "PERM_FULL_USER: setgroups", sizeof(errbuf));
+               goto bad;
+           }
+       }
+       state->ruid = user_uid;
+       sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: PERM_ROOT: uid: "
+           "[%d] -> [%d]", __func__, (int)ostate->ruid, (int)state->ruid);
+       if (setuid(user_uid)) {
+           snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf),
+               "PERM_FULL_USER: setuid(%d)", user_uid);
+           goto bad;
+       }
+       break;
+
+    case PERM_USER:
+    case PERM_SUDOERS:
+    case PERM_RUNAS:
+    case PERM_TIMESTAMP:
+       /* Unsupported since we can't set euid. */
+       state->ruid = ostate->ruid;
+       state->rgid = ostate->rgid;
+       state->grlist = ostate->grlist;
+       grlist_addref(state->grlist);
+       break;
+    }
+
+    perm_stack_depth++;
+    debug_return_bool(1);
+bad:
+    warningx("%s: %s", errbuf,
+       errno == EAGAIN ? _("too many processes") : strerror(errno));
+    if (noexit)
+       debug_return_bool(0);
+    exit(1);
+}
+
+void
+restore_perms(void)
+{
+    struct perm_state *state, *ostate;
+    debug_decl(restore_perms, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (perm_stack_depth < 2)
+       debug_return;
+
+    state = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 1];
+    ostate = &perm_stack[perm_stack_depth - 2];
+    perm_stack_depth--;
+
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: uid: [%d] -> [%d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->ruid, (int)ostate->ruid);
+    sudo_debug_printf(SUDO_DEBUG_INFO, "%s: gid: [%d] -> [%d]",
+       __func__, (int)state->rgid, (int)ostate->rgid);
+
+    if (OID(rgid) != -1 && setgid(ostate->rgid)) {
+       warning("setgid(%d)", (int)ostate->rgid);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    if (state->grlist != ostate->grlist) {
+       if (sudo_setgroups(ostate->grlist->ngids, ostate->grlist->gids)) {
+           warning("setgroups()");
+           goto bad;
+       }
+    }
+    grlist_delref(state->grlist);
+    if (OID(ruid) != -1 && setuid(ostate->ruid)) {
+       warning("setuid(%d)", (int)ostate->ruid);
+       goto bad;
+    }
+    debug_return;
+
+bad:
+    exit(1);
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_SETRESUID || HAVE_SETREUID || HAVE_SETEUID */
+
+#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) || defined(HAVE_SETREUID) || defined(HAVE_SETEUID)
+static struct group_list *
+runas_setgroups(void)
+{
+    struct passwd *pw;
+    struct group_list *grlist;
+    debug_decl(runas_setgroups, SUDO_DEBUG_PERMS)
+
+    if (def_preserve_groups) {
+       grlist_addref(user_group_list);
+       debug_return_ptr(user_group_list);
+    }
+
+    pw = runas_pw ? runas_pw : sudo_user.pw;
+#ifdef HAVE_SETAUTHDB
+    aix_setauthdb(pw->pw_name);
+#endif
+    grlist = get_group_list(pw);
+#ifdef HAVE_SETAUTHDB
+    aix_restoreauthdb();
+#endif
+    if (sudo_setgroups(grlist->ngids, grlist->gids) < 0)
+       log_fatal(USE_ERRNO|MSG_ONLY, _("unable to set runas group vector"));
+    debug_return_ptr(grlist);
+}
+#endif /* HAVE_SETRESUID || HAVE_SETREUID || HAVE_SETEUID */