2 NOTE: getopt is now part of the C library, so if you don't know what
3 "Keep this file name-space clean" means, talk to bug-glibc@gnu.org
6 Copyright (C) 1987, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98
7 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
9 NOTE: The canonical source of this file is maintained with the GNU C Library.
10 Bugs can be reported to bug-glibc@gnu.org.
12 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
13 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
14 Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
17 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
20 GNU General Public License for more details.
22 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
23 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
24 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
27 /* This tells Alpha OSF/1 not to define a getopt prototype in <stdio.h>.
28 Ditto for AIX 3.2 and <stdlib.h>. */
41 #if !defined (__STDC__) || !__STDC__
42 /* This is a separate conditional since some stdc systems
43 reject `defined (const)'. */
51 /* Comment out all this code if we are using the GNU C Library, and are not
52 actually compiling the library itself. This code is part of the GNU C
53 Library, but also included in many other GNU distributions. Compiling
54 and linking in this code is a waste when using the GNU C library
55 (especially if it is a shared library). Rather than having every GNU
56 program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
57 it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file. */
59 #define GETOPT_INTERFACE_VERSION 2
60 #if !defined (_LIBC) && defined (__GLIBC__) && __GLIBC__ >= 2
61 #include <gnu-versions.h>
62 #if _GNU_GETOPT_INTERFACE_VERSION == GETOPT_INTERFACE_VERSION
70 /* This needs to come after some library #include
71 to get __GNU_LIBRARY__ defined. */
72 #ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
73 /* Don't include stdlib.h for non-GNU C libraries because some of them
74 contain conflicting prototypes for getopt. */
77 #endif /* GNU C library. */
86 #if defined (WINDOWS32) && !defined (__CYGWIN32__)
87 /* It's not Unix, really. See? Capital letters. */
89 #define getpid() GetCurrentProcessId()
93 /* This is for other GNU distributions with internationalized messages.
94 When compiling libc, the _ macro is predefined. */
97 # define _(msgid) gettext (msgid)
99 # define _(msgid) (msgid)
103 /* This version of `getopt' appears to the caller like standard Unix `getopt'
104 but it behaves differently for the user, since it allows the user
105 to intersperse the options with the other arguments.
107 As `getopt' works, it permutes the elements of ARGV so that,
108 when it is done, all the options precede everything else. Thus
109 all application programs are extended to handle flexible argument order.
111 Setting the environment variable POSIXLY_CORRECT disables permutation.
112 Then the behavior is completely standard.
114 GNU application programs can use a third alternative mode in which
115 they can distinguish the relative order of options and other arguments. */
119 /* For communication from `getopt' to the caller.
120 When `getopt' finds an option that takes an argument,
121 the argument value is returned here.
122 Also, when `ordering' is RETURN_IN_ORDER,
123 each non-option ARGV-element is returned here. */
127 /* Index in ARGV of the next element to be scanned.
128 This is used for communication to and from the caller
129 and for communication between successive calls to `getopt'.
131 On entry to `getopt', zero means this is the first call; initialize.
133 When `getopt' returns -1, this is the index of the first of the
134 non-option elements that the caller should itself scan.
136 Otherwise, `optind' communicates from one call to the next
137 how much of ARGV has been scanned so far. */
139 /* 1003.2 says this must be 1 before any call. */
142 /* Formerly, initialization of getopt depended on optind==0, which
143 causes problems with re-calling getopt as programs generally don't
146 int __getopt_initialized = 0;
148 /* The next char to be scanned in the option-element
149 in which the last option character we returned was found.
150 This allows us to pick up the scan where we left off.
152 If this is zero, or a null string, it means resume the scan
153 by advancing to the next ARGV-element. */
155 static char *nextchar;
157 /* Callers store zero here to inhibit the error message
158 for unrecognized options. */
162 /* Set to an option character which was unrecognized.
163 This must be initialized on some systems to avoid linking in the
164 system's own getopt implementation. */
168 /* Describe how to deal with options that follow non-option ARGV-elements.
170 If the caller did not specify anything,
171 the default is REQUIRE_ORDER if the environment variable
172 POSIXLY_CORRECT is defined, PERMUTE otherwise.
174 REQUIRE_ORDER means don't recognize them as options;
175 stop option processing when the first non-option is seen.
176 This is what Unix does.
177 This mode of operation is selected by either setting the environment
178 variable POSIXLY_CORRECT, or using `+' as the first character
179 of the list of option characters.
181 PERMUTE is the default. We permute the contents of ARGV as we scan,
182 so that eventually all the non-options are at the end. This allows options
183 to be given in any order, even with programs that were not written to
186 RETURN_IN_ORDER is an option available to programs that were written
187 to expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
188 the ordering of the two. We describe each non-option ARGV-element
189 as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1.
190 Using `-' as the first character of the list of option characters
191 selects this mode of operation.
193 The special argument `--' forces an end of option-scanning regardless
194 of the value of `ordering'. In the case of RETURN_IN_ORDER, only
195 `--' can cause `getopt' to return -1 with `optind' != ARGC. */
199 REQUIRE_ORDER, PERMUTE, RETURN_IN_ORDER
202 /* Value of POSIXLY_CORRECT environment variable. */
203 static char *posixly_correct;
205 #ifdef __GNU_LIBRARY__
206 /* We want to avoid inclusion of string.h with non-GNU libraries
207 because there are many ways it can cause trouble.
208 On some systems, it contains special magic macros that don't work
211 #define my_index strchr
214 /* Avoid depending on library functions or files
215 whose names are inconsistent. */
233 /* If using GCC, we can safely declare strlen this way.
234 If not using GCC, it is ok not to declare it. */
236 /* Note that Motorola Delta 68k R3V7 comes with GCC but not stddef.h.
237 That was relevant to code that was here before. */
238 #if !defined (__STDC__) || !__STDC__
239 /* gcc with -traditional declares the built-in strlen to return int,
240 and has done so at least since version 2.4.5. -- rms. */
241 extern int strlen (const char *);
242 #endif /* not __STDC__ */
243 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
245 #endif /* not __GNU_LIBRARY__ */
247 /* Handle permutation of arguments. */
249 /* Describe the part of ARGV that contains non-options that have
250 been skipped. `first_nonopt' is the index in ARGV of the first of them;
251 `last_nonopt' is the index after the last of them. */
253 static int first_nonopt;
254 static int last_nonopt;
257 /* Bash 2.0 gives us an environment variable containing flags
258 indicating ARGV elements that should not be considered arguments. */
260 /* Defined in getopt_init.c */
261 extern char *__getopt_nonoption_flags;
263 static int nonoption_flags_max_len;
264 static int nonoption_flags_len;
266 static int original_argc;
267 static char *const *original_argv;
269 extern pid_t __libc_pid;
271 /* Make sure the environment variable bash 2.0 puts in the environment
272 is valid for the getopt call we must make sure that the ARGV passed
273 to getopt is that one passed to the process. */
275 __attribute__ ((unused))
276 store_args_and_env (int argc, char *const *argv)
278 /* XXX This is no good solution. We should rather copy the args so
279 that we can compare them later. But we must not use malloc(3). */
280 original_argc = argc;
281 original_argv = argv;
283 text_set_element (__libc_subinit, store_args_and_env);
285 # define SWAP_FLAGS(ch1, ch2) \
286 if (nonoption_flags_len > 0) \
288 char __tmp = __getopt_nonoption_flags[ch1]; \
289 __getopt_nonoption_flags[ch1] = __getopt_nonoption_flags[ch2]; \
290 __getopt_nonoption_flags[ch2] = __tmp; \
293 # define SWAP_FLAGS(ch1, ch2)
296 /* Exchange two adjacent subsequences of ARGV.
297 One subsequence is elements [first_nonopt,last_nonopt)
298 which contains all the non-options that have been skipped so far.
299 The other is elements [last_nonopt,optind), which contains all
300 the options processed since those non-options were skipped.
302 `first_nonopt' and `last_nonopt' are relocated so that they describe
303 the new indices of the non-options in ARGV after they are moved. */
305 #if defined (__STDC__) && __STDC__
306 static void exchange (char **);
313 int bottom = first_nonopt;
314 int middle = last_nonopt;
318 /* Exchange the shorter segment with the far end of the longer segment.
319 That puts the shorter segment into the right place.
320 It leaves the longer segment in the right place overall,
321 but it consists of two parts that need to be swapped next. */
324 /* First make sure the handling of the `__getopt_nonoption_flags'
325 string can work normally. Our top argument must be in the range
327 if (nonoption_flags_len > 0 && top >= nonoption_flags_max_len)
329 /* We must extend the array. The user plays games with us and
330 presents new arguments. */
331 char *new_str = malloc (top + 1);
333 nonoption_flags_len = nonoption_flags_max_len = 0;
336 memcpy (new_str, __getopt_nonoption_flags, nonoption_flags_max_len);
337 memset (&new_str[nonoption_flags_max_len], '\0',
338 top + 1 - nonoption_flags_max_len);
339 nonoption_flags_max_len = top + 1;
340 __getopt_nonoption_flags = new_str;
345 while (top > middle && middle > bottom)
347 if (top - middle > middle - bottom)
349 /* Bottom segment is the short one. */
350 int len = middle - bottom;
353 /* Swap it with the top part of the top segment. */
354 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
356 tem = argv[bottom + i];
357 argv[bottom + i] = argv[top - (middle - bottom) + i];
358 argv[top - (middle - bottom) + i] = tem;
359 SWAP_FLAGS (bottom + i, top - (middle - bottom) + i);
361 /* Exclude the moved bottom segment from further swapping. */
366 /* Top segment is the short one. */
367 int len = top - middle;
370 /* Swap it with the bottom part of the bottom segment. */
371 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
373 tem = argv[bottom + i];
374 argv[bottom + i] = argv[middle + i];
375 argv[middle + i] = tem;
376 SWAP_FLAGS (bottom + i, middle + i);
378 /* Exclude the moved top segment from further swapping. */
383 /* Update records for the slots the non-options now occupy. */
385 first_nonopt += (optind - last_nonopt);
386 last_nonopt = optind;
389 /* Initialize the internal data when the first call is made. */
391 #if defined (__STDC__) && __STDC__
392 static const char *_getopt_initialize (int, char *const *, const char *);
395 _getopt_initialize (argc, argv, optstring)
398 const char *optstring;
400 /* Start processing options with ARGV-element 1 (since ARGV-element 0
401 is the program name); the sequence of previously skipped
402 non-option ARGV-elements is empty. */
404 first_nonopt = last_nonopt = optind;
408 posixly_correct = getenv ("POSIXLY_CORRECT");
410 /* Determine how to handle the ordering of options and nonoptions. */
412 if (optstring[0] == '-')
414 ordering = RETURN_IN_ORDER;
417 else if (optstring[0] == '+')
419 ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER;
422 else if (posixly_correct != NULL)
423 ordering = REQUIRE_ORDER;
428 if (posixly_correct == NULL
429 && argc == original_argc && argv == original_argv)
431 if (nonoption_flags_max_len == 0)
433 if (__getopt_nonoption_flags == NULL
434 || __getopt_nonoption_flags[0] == '\0')
435 nonoption_flags_max_len = -1;
438 const char *orig_str = __getopt_nonoption_flags;
439 int len = nonoption_flags_max_len = strlen (orig_str);
440 if (nonoption_flags_max_len < argc)
441 nonoption_flags_max_len = argc;
442 __getopt_nonoption_flags =
443 (char *) malloc (nonoption_flags_max_len);
444 if (__getopt_nonoption_flags == NULL)
445 nonoption_flags_max_len = -1;
448 memcpy (__getopt_nonoption_flags, orig_str, len);
449 memset (&__getopt_nonoption_flags[len], '\0',
450 nonoption_flags_max_len - len);
454 nonoption_flags_len = nonoption_flags_max_len;
457 nonoption_flags_len = 0;
463 /* Scan elements of ARGV (whose length is ARGC) for option characters
466 If an element of ARGV starts with '-', and is not exactly "-" or "--",
467 then it is an option element. The characters of this element
468 (aside from the initial '-') are option characters. If `getopt'
469 is called repeatedly, it returns successively each of the option characters
470 from each of the option elements.
472 If `getopt' finds another option character, it returns that character,
473 updating `optind' and `nextchar' so that the next call to `getopt' can
474 resume the scan with the following option character or ARGV-element.
476 If there are no more option characters, `getopt' returns -1.
477 Then `optind' is the index in ARGV of the first ARGV-element
478 that is not an option. (The ARGV-elements have been permuted
479 so that those that are not options now come last.)
481 OPTSTRING is a string containing the legitimate option characters.
482 If an option character is seen that is not listed in OPTSTRING,
483 return '?' after printing an error message. If you set `opterr' to
484 zero, the error message is suppressed but we still return '?'.
486 If a char in OPTSTRING is followed by a colon, that means it wants an arg,
487 so the following text in the same ARGV-element, or the text of the following
488 ARGV-element, is returned in `optarg'. Two colons mean an option that
489 wants an optional arg; if there is text in the current ARGV-element,
490 it is returned in `optarg', otherwise `optarg' is set to zero.
492 If OPTSTRING starts with `-' or `+', it requests different methods of
493 handling the non-option ARGV-elements.
494 See the comments about RETURN_IN_ORDER and REQUIRE_ORDER, above.
496 Long-named options begin with `--' instead of `-'.
497 Their names may be abbreviated as long as the abbreviation is unique
498 or is an exact match for some defined option. If they have an
499 argument, it follows the option name in the same ARGV-element, separated
500 from the option name by a `=', or else the in next ARGV-element.
501 When `getopt' finds a long-named option, it returns 0 if that option's
502 `flag' field is nonzero, the value of the option's `val' field
503 if the `flag' field is zero.
505 The elements of ARGV aren't really const, because we permute them.
506 But we pretend they're const in the prototype to be compatible
509 LONGOPTS is a vector of `struct option' terminated by an
510 element containing a name which is zero.
512 LONGIND returns the index in LONGOPT of the long-named option found.
513 It is only valid when a long-named option has been found by the most
516 If LONG_ONLY is nonzero, '-' as well as '--' can introduce
517 long-named options. */
520 _getopt_internal (argc, argv, optstring, longopts, longind, long_only)
523 const char *optstring;
524 const struct option *longopts;
530 if (optind == 0 || !__getopt_initialized)
533 optind = 1; /* Don't scan ARGV[0], the program name. */
534 optstring = _getopt_initialize (argc, argv, optstring);
535 __getopt_initialized = 1;
538 /* Test whether ARGV[optind] points to a non-option argument.
539 Either it does not have option syntax, or there is an environment flag
540 from the shell indicating it is not an option. The later information
541 is only used when the used in the GNU libc. */
543 #define NONOPTION_P (argv[optind][0] != '-' || argv[optind][1] == '\0' \
544 || (optind < nonoption_flags_len \
545 && __getopt_nonoption_flags[optind] == '1'))
547 #define NONOPTION_P (argv[optind][0] != '-' || argv[optind][1] == '\0')
550 if (nextchar == NULL || *nextchar == '\0')
552 /* Advance to the next ARGV-element. */
554 /* Give FIRST_NONOPT & LAST_NONOPT rational values if OPTIND has been
555 moved back by the user (who may also have changed the arguments). */
556 if (last_nonopt > optind)
557 last_nonopt = optind;
558 if (first_nonopt > optind)
559 first_nonopt = optind;
561 if (ordering == PERMUTE)
563 /* If we have just processed some options following some non-options,
564 exchange them so that the options come first. */
566 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt && last_nonopt != optind)
567 exchange ((char **) argv);
568 else if (last_nonopt != optind)
569 first_nonopt = optind;
571 /* Skip any additional non-options
572 and extend the range of non-options previously skipped. */
574 while (optind < argc && NONOPTION_P)
576 last_nonopt = optind;
579 /* The special ARGV-element `--' means premature end of options.
580 Skip it like a null option,
581 then exchange with previous non-options as if it were an option,
582 then skip everything else like a non-option. */
584 if (optind != argc && !strcmp (argv[optind], "--"))
588 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt && last_nonopt != optind)
589 exchange ((char **) argv);
590 else if (first_nonopt == last_nonopt)
591 first_nonopt = optind;
597 /* If we have done all the ARGV-elements, stop the scan
598 and back over any non-options that we skipped and permuted. */
602 /* Set the next-arg-index to point at the non-options
603 that we previously skipped, so the caller will digest them. */
604 if (first_nonopt != last_nonopt)
605 optind = first_nonopt;
609 /* If we have come to a non-option and did not permute it,
610 either stop the scan or describe it to the caller and pass it by. */
614 if (ordering == REQUIRE_ORDER)
616 optarg = argv[optind++];
620 /* We have found another option-ARGV-element.
621 Skip the initial punctuation. */
623 nextchar = (argv[optind] + 1
624 + (longopts != NULL && argv[optind][1] == '-'));
627 /* Decode the current option-ARGV-element. */
629 /* Check whether the ARGV-element is a long option.
631 If long_only and the ARGV-element has the form "-f", where f is
632 a valid short option, don't consider it an abbreviated form of
633 a long option that starts with f. Otherwise there would be no
634 way to give the -f short option.
636 On the other hand, if there's a long option "fubar" and
637 the ARGV-element is "-fu", do consider that an abbreviation of
638 the long option, just like "--fu", and not "-f" with arg "u".
640 This distinction seems to be the most useful approach. */
643 && (argv[optind][1] == '-'
644 || (long_only && (argv[optind][2] || !my_index (optstring, argv[optind][1])))))
647 const struct option *p;
648 const struct option *pfound = NULL;
654 for (nameend = nextchar; *nameend && *nameend != '='; nameend++)
657 /* Test all long options for either exact match
658 or abbreviated matches. */
659 for (p = longopts, option_index = 0; p->name; p++, option_index++)
660 if (!strncmp (p->name, nextchar, nameend - nextchar))
662 if ((unsigned int) (nameend - nextchar)
663 == (unsigned int) strlen (p->name))
665 /* Exact match found. */
667 indfound = option_index;
671 else if (pfound == NULL)
673 /* First nonexact match found. */
675 indfound = option_index;
678 /* Second or later nonexact match found. */
685 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: option `%s' is ambiguous\n"),
686 argv[0], argv[optind]);
687 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
695 option_index = indfound;
699 /* Don't test has_arg with >, because some C compilers don't
700 allow it to be used on enums. */
702 optarg = nameend + 1;
706 if (argv[optind - 1][1] == '-')
709 _("%s: option `--%s' doesn't allow an argument\n"),
710 argv[0], pfound->name);
712 /* +option or -option */
714 _("%s: option `%c%s' doesn't allow an argument\n"),
715 argv[0], argv[optind - 1][0], pfound->name);
717 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
719 optopt = pfound->val;
723 else if (pfound->has_arg == 1)
726 optarg = argv[optind++];
731 _("%s: option `%s' requires an argument\n"),
732 argv[0], argv[optind - 1]);
733 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
734 optopt = pfound->val;
735 return optstring[0] == ':' ? ':' : '?';
738 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
740 *longind = option_index;
743 *(pfound->flag) = pfound->val;
749 /* Can't find it as a long option. If this is not getopt_long_only,
750 or the option starts with '--' or is not a valid short
751 option, then it's an error.
752 Otherwise interpret it as a short option. */
753 if (!long_only || argv[optind][1] == '-'
754 || my_index (optstring, *nextchar) == NULL)
758 if (argv[optind][1] == '-')
760 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unrecognized option `--%s'\n"),
763 /* +option or -option */
764 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: unrecognized option `%c%s'\n"),
765 argv[0], argv[optind][0], nextchar);
767 nextchar = (char *) "";
774 /* Look at and handle the next short option-character. */
777 char c = *nextchar++;
778 char *temp = my_index (optstring, c);
780 /* Increment `optind' when we start to process its last character. */
781 if (*nextchar == '\0')
784 if (temp == NULL || c == ':')
789 /* 1003.2 specifies the format of this message. */
790 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: illegal option -- %c\n"),
793 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: invalid option -- %c\n"),
799 /* Convenience. Treat POSIX -W foo same as long option --foo */
800 if (temp[0] == 'W' && temp[1] == ';')
803 const struct option *p;
804 const struct option *pfound = NULL;
810 /* This is an option that requires an argument. */
811 if (*nextchar != '\0')
814 /* If we end this ARGV-element by taking the rest as an arg,
815 we must advance to the next element now. */
818 else if (optind == argc)
822 /* 1003.2 specifies the format of this message. */
823 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n"),
827 if (optstring[0] == ':')
834 /* We already incremented `optind' once;
835 increment it again when taking next ARGV-elt as argument. */
836 optarg = argv[optind++];
838 /* optarg is now the argument, see if it's in the
839 table of longopts. */
841 for (nextchar = nameend = optarg; *nameend && *nameend != '='; nameend++)
844 /* Test all long options for either exact match
845 or abbreviated matches. */
846 for (p = longopts, option_index = 0; p->name; p++, option_index++)
847 if (!strncmp (p->name, nextchar, nameend - nextchar))
849 if ((unsigned int) (nameend - nextchar) == strlen (p->name))
851 /* Exact match found. */
853 indfound = option_index;
857 else if (pfound == NULL)
859 /* First nonexact match found. */
861 indfound = option_index;
864 /* Second or later nonexact match found. */
870 fprintf (stderr, _("%s: option `-W %s' is ambiguous\n"),
871 argv[0], argv[optind]);
872 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
878 option_index = indfound;
881 /* Don't test has_arg with >, because some C compilers don't
882 allow it to be used on enums. */
884 optarg = nameend + 1;
888 fprintf (stderr, _("\
889 %s: option `-W %s' doesn't allow an argument\n"),
890 argv[0], pfound->name);
892 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
896 else if (pfound->has_arg == 1)
899 optarg = argv[optind++];
904 _("%s: option `%s' requires an argument\n"),
905 argv[0], argv[optind - 1]);
906 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
907 return optstring[0] == ':' ? ':' : '?';
910 nextchar += strlen (nextchar);
912 *longind = option_index;
915 *(pfound->flag) = pfound->val;
921 return 'W'; /* Let the application handle it. */
927 /* This is an option that accepts an argument optionally. */
928 if (*nextchar != '\0')
939 /* This is an option that requires an argument. */
940 if (*nextchar != '\0')
943 /* If we end this ARGV-element by taking the rest as an arg,
944 we must advance to the next element now. */
947 else if (optind == argc)
951 /* 1003.2 specifies the format of this message. */
953 _("%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n"),
957 if (optstring[0] == ':')
963 /* We already incremented `optind' once;
964 increment it again when taking next ARGV-elt as argument. */
965 optarg = argv[optind++];
974 getopt (argc, argv, optstring)
977 const char *optstring;
979 return _getopt_internal (argc, argv, optstring,
980 (const struct option *) 0,
985 #endif /* Not ELIDE_CODE. */
989 /* Compile with -DTEST to make an executable for use in testing
990 the above definition of `getopt'. */
998 int digit_optind = 0;
1002 int this_option_optind = optind ? optind : 1;
1004 c = getopt (argc, argv, "abc:d:0123456789");
1020 if (digit_optind != 0 && digit_optind != this_option_optind)
1021 printf ("digits occur in two different argv-elements.\n");
1022 digit_optind = this_option_optind;
1023 printf ("option %c\n", c);
1027 printf ("option a\n");
1031 printf ("option b\n");
1035 printf ("option c with value `%s'\n", optarg);
1042 printf ("?? getopt returned character code 0%o ??\n", c);
1048 printf ("non-option ARGV-elements: ");
1049 while (optind < argc)
1050 printf ("%s ", argv[optind++]);