X-Git-Url: https://git.gag.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=gzip.info;fp=gzip.info;h=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000;hb=0d5a754ba8f2cc33e98d48d559f0ad6cd18a43a3;hp=21a2d9f31ffdbbd5083728e070f3a4e4811e4d9e;hpb=ad96056bdcf62abd585cdb53768fbabdde75d1b5;p=debian%2Fgzip diff --git a/gzip.info b/gzip.info deleted file mode 100644 index 21a2d9f..0000000 --- a/gzip.info +++ /dev/null @@ -1,877 +0,0 @@ -This is gzip.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.2 from gzip.texi. - -This manual is for Gzip (version 1.3.5, 29 September 2002), and -documents commands for compressing and decompressing data. - - Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - - Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Jean-loup Gailly - - Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this - document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, - Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software - Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts - being "A GNU Manual," and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) - below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled - "GNU Free Documentation License." - - (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and - modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by - the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." - -INFO-DIR-SECTION Individual utilities -START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY -* gzip: (gzip)Invoking gzip. Compress files. -END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY - -INFO-DIR-SECTION Utilities -START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY -* Gzip: (gzip). The gzip command for compressing files. -END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Top, Up: (dir) - -Compressing Files -***************** - -This manual is for Gzip (version 1.3.5, 29 September 2002), and -documents commands for compressing and decompressing data. - - Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - - Copyright (C) 1992, 1993 Jean-loup Gailly - - Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this - document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, - Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software - Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover texts - being "A GNU Manual," and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) - below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled - "GNU Free Documentation License." - - (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: "You have freedom to copy and - modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by - the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." - -* Menu: - -* Overview:: Preliminary information. -* Sample:: Sample output from `gzip'. -* Invoking gzip:: How to run `gzip'. -* Advanced usage:: Concatenated files. -* Environment:: The `GZIP' environment variable -* Tapes:: Using `gzip' on tapes. -* Problems:: Reporting bugs. -* Copying This Manual:: How to make copies of this manual. -* Concept Index:: Index of concepts. - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Overview, Next: Sample, Up: Top - -Overview -******** - - `gzip' reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding -(LZ77). Whenever possible, each file is replaced by one with the -extension `.gz', while keeping the same ownership modes, access and -modification times. (The default extension is `-gz' for VMS, `z' for -MSDOS, OS/2 FAT and Atari.) If no files are specified or if a file -name is "-", the standard input is compressed to the standard output. -`gzip' will only attempt to compress regular files. In particular, it -will ignore symbolic links. - - If the new file name is too long for its file system, `gzip' -truncates it. `gzip' attempts to truncate only the parts of the file -name longer than 3 characters. (A part is delimited by dots.) If the -name consists of small parts only, the longest parts are truncated. -For example, if file names are limited to 14 characters, gzip.msdos.exe -is compressed to gzi.msd.exe.gz. Names are not truncated on systems -which do not have a limit on file name length. - - By default, `gzip' keeps the original file name and timestamp in the -compressed file. These are used when decompressing the file with the -`-N' option. This is useful when the compressed file name was truncated -or when the time stamp was not preserved after a file transfer. - - Compressed files can be restored to their original form using `gzip --d' or `gunzip' or `zcat'. If the original name saved in the -compressed file is not suitable for its file system, a new name is -constructed from the original one to make it legal. - - `gunzip' takes a list of files on its command line and replaces each -file whose name ends with `.gz', `.z', `.Z', `-gz', `-z' or `_z' and -which begins with the correct magic number with an uncompressed file -without the original extension. `gunzip' also recognizes the special -extensions `.tgz' and `.taz' as shorthands for `.tar.gz' and `.tar.Z' -respectively. When compressing, `gzip' uses the `.tgz' extension if -necessary instead of truncating a file with a `.tar' extension. - - `gunzip' can currently decompress files created by `gzip', `zip', -`compress' or `pack'. The detection of the input format is automatic. -When using the first two formats, `gunzip' checks a 32 bit CRC (cyclic -redundancy check). For `pack', `gunzip' checks the uncompressed length. -The `compress' format was not designed to allow consistency checks. -However `gunzip' is sometimes able to detect a bad `.Z' file. If you -get an error when uncompressing a `.Z' file, do not assume that the -`.Z' file is correct simply because the standard `uncompress' does not -complain. This generally means that the standard `uncompress' does not -check its input, and happily generates garbage output. The SCO -`compress -H' format (`lzh' compression method) does not include a CRC -but also allows some consistency checks. - - Files created by `zip' can be uncompressed by `gzip' only if they -have a single member compressed with the 'deflation' method. This -feature is only intended to help conversion of `tar.zip' files to the -`tar.gz' format. To extract a `zip' file with a single member, use a -command like `gunzip . - - This is the output of the command `gzip -v texinfo.tex': - - texinfo.tex: 69.7% -- replaced with texinfo.tex.gz - - The following command will find all `gzip' files in the current -directory and subdirectories, and extract them in place without -destroying the original: - - find . -name '*.gz' -print | sed 's/^\(.*\)[.]gz$/gunzip < "&" > "\1"/' | sh - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Invoking gzip, Next: Advanced usage, Prev: Sample, Up: Top - -Invoking `gzip' -*************** - - The format for running the `gzip' program is: - - gzip OPTION ... - - `gzip' supports the following options: - -`--stdout' -`--to-stdout' -`-c' - Write output on standard output; keep original files unchanged. - If there are several input files, the output consists of a - sequence of independently compressed members. To obtain better - compression, concatenate all input files before compressing them. - -`--decompress' -`--uncompress' -`-d' - Decompress. - -`--force' -`-f' - Force compression or decompression even if the file has multiple - links or the corresponding file already exists, or if the - compressed data is read from or written to a terminal. If the - input data is not in a format recognized by `gzip', and if the - option `--stdout' is also given, copy the input data without - change to the standard output: let `zcat' behave as `cat'. If `-f' - is not given, and when not running in the background, `gzip' - prompts to verify whether an existing file should be overwritten. - -`--help' -`-h' - Print an informative help message describing the options then quit. - -`--list' -`-l' - For each compressed file, list the following fields: - - compressed size: size of the compressed file - uncompressed size: size of the uncompressed file - ratio: compression ratio (0.0% if unknown) - uncompressed_name: name of the uncompressed file - - The uncompressed size is given as `-1' for files not in `gzip' - format, such as compressed `.Z' files. To get the uncompressed - size for such a file, you can use: - - zcat file.Z | wc -c - - In combination with the `--verbose' option, the following fields - are also displayed: - - method: compression method (deflate,compress,lzh,pack) - crc: the 32-bit CRC of the uncompressed data - date & time: time stamp for the uncompressed file - - The crc is given as ffffffff for a file not in gzip format. - - With `--verbose', the size totals and compression ratio for all - files is also displayed, unless some sizes are unknown. With - `--quiet', the title and totals lines are not displayed. - - The `gzip' format represents the the input size modulo 2^32, so - the uncompressed size and compression ratio are listed incorrectly - for uncompressed files 4 GB and larger. To work around this - problem, you can use the following command to discover a large - uncompressed file's true size: - - zcat file.gz | wc -c - -`--license' -`-L' - Display the `gzip' license then quit. - -`--no-name' -`-n' - When compressing, do not save the original file name and time - stamp by default. (The original name is always saved if the name - had to be truncated.) When decompressing, do not restore the - original file name if present (remove only the `gzip' suffix from - the compressed file name) and do not restore the original time - stamp if present (copy it from the compressed file). This option - is the default when decompressing. - -`--name' -`-N' - When compressing, always save the original file name and time - stamp; this is the default. When decompressing, restore the - original file name and time stamp if present. This option is - useful on systems which have a limit on file name length or when - the time stamp has been lost after a file transfer. - -`--quiet' -`-q' - Suppress all warning messages. - -`--recursive' -`-r' - Travel the directory structure recursively. If any of the file - names specified on the command line are directories, `gzip' will - descend into the directory and compress all the files it finds - there (or decompress them in the case of `gunzip'). - -`--suffix SUF' -`-S SUF' - Use suffix `SUF' instead of `.gz'. Any suffix can be given, but - suffixes other than `.z' and `.gz' should be avoided to avoid - confusion when files are transferred to other systems. A null - suffix forces gunzip to try decompression on all given files - regardless of suffix, as in: - - gunzip -S "" * (*.* for MSDOS) - - Previous versions of gzip used the `.z' suffix. This was changed to - avoid a conflict with `pack'. - -`--test' -`-t' - Test. Check the compressed file integrity. - -`--verbose' -`-v' - Verbose. Display the name and percentage reduction for each file - compressed. - -`--version' -`-V' - Version. Display the version number and compilation options, then - quit. - -`--fast' -`--best' -`-N' - Regulate the speed of compression using the specified digit N, - where `-1' or `--fast' indicates the fastest compression method - (less compression) and `--best' or `-9' indicates the slowest - compression method (optimal compression). The default compression - level is `-6' (that is, biased towards high compression at expense - of speed). - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Advanced usage, Next: Environment, Prev: Invoking gzip, Up: Top - -Advanced usage -************** - - Multiple compressed files can be concatenated. In this case, -`gunzip' will extract all members at once. If one member is damaged, -other members might still be recovered after removal of the damaged -member. Better compression can be usually obtained if all members are -decompressed and then recompressed in a single step. - - This is an example of concatenating `gzip' files: - - gzip -c file1 > foo.gz - gzip -c file2 >> foo.gz - - Then - - gunzip -c foo - - is equivalent to - - cat file1 file2 - - In case of damage to one member of a `.gz' file, other members can -still be recovered (if the damaged member is removed). However, you can -get better compression by compressing all members at once: - - cat file1 file2 | gzip > foo.gz - - compresses better than - - gzip -c file1 file2 > foo.gz - - If you want to recompress concatenated files to get better -compression, do: - - zcat old.gz | gzip > new.gz - - If a compressed file consists of several members, the uncompressed -size and CRC reported by the `--list' option applies to the last member -only. If you need the uncompressed size for all members, you can use: - - zcat file.gz | wc -c - - If you wish to create a single archive file with multiple members so -that members can later be extracted independently, use an archiver such -as `tar' or `zip'. GNU `tar' supports the `-z' option to invoke `gzip' -transparently. `gzip' is designed as a complement to `tar', not as a -replacement. - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Environment, Next: Tapes, Prev: Advanced usage, Up: Top - -Environment -*********** - - The environment variable `GZIP' can hold a set of default options for -`gzip'. These options are interpreted first and can be overwritten by -explicit command line parameters. For example: - - for sh: GZIP="-8v --name"; export GZIP - for csh: setenv GZIP "-8v --name" - for MSDOS: set GZIP=-8v --name - - On Vax/VMS, the name of the environment variable is `GZIP_OPT', to -avoid a conflict with the symbol set for invocation of the program. - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Tapes, Next: Problems, Prev: Environment, Up: Top - -Using `gzip' on tapes -********************* - - When writing compressed data to a tape, it is generally necessary to -pad the output with zeroes up to a block boundary. When the data is -read and the whole block is passed to `gunzip' for decompression, -`gunzip' detects that there is extra trailing garbage after the -compressed data and emits a warning by default if the garbage contains -nonzero bytes. You have to use the `--quiet' option to suppress the -warning. This option can be set in the `GZIP' environment variable, as -in: - - for sh: GZIP="-q" tar -xfz --block-compress /dev/rst0 - for csh: (setenv GZIP "-q"; tar -xfz --block-compress /dev/rst0) - - In the above example, `gzip' is invoked implicitly by the `-z' -option of GNU `tar'. Make sure that the same block size (`-b' option -of `tar') is used for reading and writing compressed data on tapes. -(This example assumes you are using the GNU version of `tar'.) - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Problems, Next: Copying This Manual, Prev: Tapes, Up: Top - -Reporting Bugs -************** - - If you find a bug in `gzip', please send electronic mail to -. Include the version number, which you can find by -running `gzip -V'. Also include in your message the hardware and -operating system, the compiler used to compile `gzip', a description of -the bug behavior, and the input to `gzip' that triggered the bug. - - -File: gzip.info, Node: Copying This Manual, Next: Concept Index, Prev: Problems, Up: Top - -Copying This Manual -******************* - -* Menu: - -* GNU Free Documentation License:: License for copying this manual. - - -File: gzip.info, Node: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Copying This Manual - -GNU Free Documentation License -============================== - - Version 1.1, March 2000 - Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA - - Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies - of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. - - 0. 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