X-Git-Url: https://git.gag.com/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=doc%2Faltusmetrum.xsl;h=ec8a1a5a637ba57c9ef1919deb81c9495d3189a7;hb=3eaaefe6d746a2f53995a2470c5024f37c87c393;hp=5375e8c29462065bc775a141101b7856ac750ded;hpb=9953a5f0440b269dac5c675f120e6a31dde8ec69;p=fw%2Faltos
diff --git a/doc/altusmetrum.xsl b/doc/altusmetrum.xsl
index 5375e8c2..ec8a1a5a 100644
--- a/doc/altusmetrum.xsl
+++ b/doc/altusmetrum.xsl
@@ -320,102 +320,454 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
- Hardware Overview
-
- TeleMetrum is a 1 inch by 2¾ inch circuit board. It was designed to
- fit inside coupler for 29mm air-frame tubing, but using it in a tube that
- small in diameter may require some creativity in mounting and wiring
- to succeed! The presence of an accelerometer means TeleMetrum should
- be aligned along the flight axis of the airframe, and by default the 1/4
- wave UHF wire antenna should be on the nose-cone end of the board. The
- antenna wire is about 7 inches long, and wiring for a power switch and
- the e-matches for apogee and main ejection charges depart from the
- fin can end of the board, meaning an ideal "simple" avionics
- bay for TeleMetrum should have at least 10 inches of interior length.
-
-
- TeleMini v1.0 is a ½ inch by 1½ inch circuit board. It was designed to
- fit inside an 18mm air-frame tube, but using it in a tube that
- small in diameter may require some creativity in mounting and wiring
- to succeed! Since there is no accelerometer, TeleMini can be mounted
- in any convenient orientation. The default ¼
- wave UHF wire antenna attached to the center of one end of
- the board is about 7 inches long, and wiring for a power switch and
- the e-matches for apogee and main ejection charges depart from the
- other end of the board, meaning an ideal "simple" avionics
- bay for TeleMini should have at least 9 inches of interior length.
-
-
- TeleMini v2.0 and EasyMini are both built on a 0.8 inch by 1½
- inch circuit board. They're designed to fit in a 24mm coupler
- tube. TeleMini has an antenna, which must be run straight out
- fro the board. Bending or folding it will dramatically reduce RF
- performance. For smaller rockets, it's often best to drill a
- hole in the bulkhead forward of TeleMini and run the antenna
- wire through that and alongside any recovery components
- there. Be careful to seal the hole to prevent ejection gasses
- from passing through the hole and damaging the electronics.
-
-
- TeleMega is a 1¼ inch by 3¼ inch circuit board. It was
- designed to easily fit in a 38mm coupler. Like TeleMetrum,
- TeleMega has an accelerometer and so it must be mounted so that
- the board is aligned with the flight axis. It can be mounted
- either antenna up or down.
-
-
- A typical installation involves attaching
- only a suitable battery, a single pole switch for
- power on/off, and two pairs of wires connecting e-matches for the
- apogee and main ejection charges. All Altus Metrum products are
- designed for use with single-cell batteries with 3.7 volts
- nominal. TeleMini v2.0 and EasyMini may also be used with other
- batteries as long as they supply between 4 and 12 volts.
-
-
- The battery connectors are a standard 2-pin JST connector and
- match batteries sold by Spark Fun. These batteries are
- single-cell Lithium Polymer batteries that nominally provide 3.7
- volts. Other vendors sell similar batteries for RC aircraft
- using mating connectors, however the polarity for those is
- generally reversed from the batteries used by Altus Metrum
- products. In particular, the Tenergy batteries supplied for use
- in Featherweight flight computers are not compatible with Altus
- Metrum flight computers or battery chargers. Check
- polarity and voltage before connecting any battery not purchased
- from Altus Metrum or Spark Fun.
-
-
- By default, we use the unregulated output of the battery directly
- to fire ejection charges. This works marvelously with standard
- low-current e-matches like the J-Tek from MJG Technologies, and with
- Quest Q2G2 igniters. However, if you want or need to use a separate
- pyro battery, check out the "External Pyro Battery" section in this
- manual for instructions on how to wire that up. The altimeters are
- designed to work with an external pyro battery of no more than 15 volts.
-
-
- Ejection charges are wired directly to the screw terminal block
- at the aft end of the altimeter. You'll need a very small straight
- blade screwdriver for these screws, such as you might find in a
- jeweler's screwdriver set.
-
-
- Except for TeleMini v1.0, the flight computers also use the
- screw terminal block for the power switch leads. On TeleMini v1.0,
- the power switch leads are soldered directly to the board and
- can be connected directly to a switch.
-
-
- For most air-frames, the integrated antennas are more than
- adequate. However, if you are installing in a carbon-fiber or
- metal electronics bay which is opaque to RF signals, you may need to
- use off-board external antennas instead. In this case, you can
- order an altimeter with an SMA connector for the UHF antenna
- connection, and, on TeleMetrum v1, you can unplug the integrated GPS
- antenna and select an appropriate off-board GPS antenna with
- cable terminating in a U.FL connector.
-
+ Altus Metrum Hardware
+
+ Overview
+
+ Here's the full set of Altus Metrum products, both in
+ production and retired.
+
+
+ Altus Metrum Electronics
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Device
+ Barometer
+ Z-axis accelerometer
+ GPS
+ 3D sensors
+ Storage
+ RF Output
+ Battery
+
+
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.0
+ MP3H6115 10km (33k')
+ MMA2202 50g
+ SkyTraq
+ -
+ 1MB
+ 10mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.1
+ MP3H6115 10km (33k')
+ MMA2202 50g
+ SkyTraq
+ -
+ 2MB
+ 10mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.2
+ MP3H6115 10km (33k')
+ ADXL78 70g
+ SkyTraq
+ -
+ 2MB
+ 10mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v2.0
+ MS5607 30km (100k')
+ MMA6555 102g
+ uBlox Max-7Q
+ -
+ 8MB
+ 40mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+ TeleMini v1.0
+ MP3H6115 10km (33k')
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ 5kB
+ 10mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+ TeleMini v2.0
+ MS5607 30km (100k')
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ 1MB
+ 10mW
+ 3.7-12V
+
+
+ EasyMini v1.0
+ MS5607 30km (100k')
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ 1MB
+ -
+ 3.7-12V
+
+
+ TeleMega v1.0
+ MS5607 30km (100k')
+ MMA6555 102g
+ uBlox Max-7Q
+ MPU6000 HMC5883
+ 8MB
+ 40mW
+ 3.7V
+
+
+
+
+
+ Altus Metrum Boards
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Device
+ Connectors
+ Screw Terminals
+ Width
+ Length
+ Tube Size
+
+
+
+
+ TeleMetrum
+
+ Antenna
+ Debug
+ Companion
+ USB
+ Battery
+
+ Apogee pyro Main pyro Switch
+ 1 inch (2.54cm)
+ 2 ¾ inch (6.99cm)
+ 29mm coupler
+
+
+ TeleMini v1.0
+
+ Antenna
+ Debug
+ Battery
+
+
+ Apogee pyro
+ Main pyro
+
+ ½ inch (1.27cm)
+ 1½ inch (3.81cm)
+ 18mm aiframe
+
+
+ TeleMini v2.0
+
+ Antenna
+ Debug
+ USB
+ Battery
+
+
+ Apogee pyro
+ Main pyro
+ Battery
+ Switch
+
+ 0.8 inch (2.03cm)
+ 1½ inch (3.81cm)
+ 24mm coupler
+
+
+ EasyMini
+
+ Debug
+ USB
+ Battery
+
+
+ Apogee pyro
+ Main pyro
+ Battery
+ Switch
+
+ 0.8 inch (2.03cm)
+ 1½ inch (3.81cm)
+ 24mm coupler
+
+
+ TeleMega
+
+ Antenna
+ Debug
+ Companion
+ USB
+ Battery
+
+
+ Apogee pyro
+ Main pyro
+ Pyro A-D
+ Switch
+ Pyro battery
+
+ 1¼ inch (3.18cm)
+ 3¼ inch (8.26cm)
+ 38mm coupler
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ TeleMetrum
+
+ TeleMetrum is a 1 inch by 2¾ inch circuit board. It was designed to
+ fit inside coupler for 29mm air-frame tubing, but using it in a tube that
+ small in diameter may require some creativity in mounting and wiring
+ to succeed! The presence of an accelerometer means TeleMetrum should
+ be aligned along the flight axis of the airframe, and by default the 1/4
+ wave UHF wire antenna should be on the nose-cone end of the board. The
+ antenna wire is about 7 inches long, and wiring for a power switch and
+ the e-matches for apogee and main ejection charges depart from the
+ fin can end of the board, meaning an ideal "simple" avionics
+ bay for TeleMetrum should have at least 10 inches of interior length.
+
+
+
+ TeleMini
+
+ TeleMini v1.0 is ½ inches by 1½ inches. It was
+ designed to fit inside an 18mm air-frame tube, but using it in
+ a tube that small in diameter may require some creativity in
+ mounting and wiring to succeed! Since there is no
+ accelerometer, TeleMini can be mounted in any convenient
+ orientation. The default ¼ wave UHF wire antenna attached to
+ the center of one end of the board is about 7 inches long. Two
+ wires for the power switch are connected to holes in the
+ middle of the board. Screw terminals for the e-matches for
+ apogee and main ejection charges depart from the other end of
+ the board, meaning an ideal "simple" avionics bay for TeleMini
+ should have at least 9 inches of interior length.
+
+
+ TeleMini v2.0 is 0.8 inches by 1½ inches. It adds more
+ on-board data logging memory, a built-in USB connector and
+ screw terminals for the battery and power switch. The larger
+ board fits in a 24mm coupler. There's also a battery connector
+ for a LiPo battery if you want to use one of those.
+
+
+
+ EasyMini
+
+ EasyMini is built on a 0.8 inch by 1½ inch circuit board. It's
+ designed to fit in a 24mm coupler tube. The connectors and
+ screw terminals match TeleMini, so you can swap an EasyMini
+ with a TeleMini.
+
+
+
+ TeleMega
+
+ TeleMega is a 1¼ inch by 3¼ inch circuit board. It was
+ designed to easily fit in a 38mm coupler. Like TeleMetrum,
+ TeleMega has an accelerometer and so it must be mounted so that
+ the board is aligned with the flight axis. It can be mounted
+ either antenna up or down.
+
+
+
+ Flight Data Recording
+
+ Each flight computer logs data at 100 samples per second
+ during ascent and 10 samples per second during descent, except
+ for TeleMini v1.0, which records ascent at 10 samples per
+ second and descent at 1 sample per second. Data are logged to
+ an on-board flash memory part, which can be partitioned into
+ several equal-sized blocks, one for each flight.
+
+
+ Data Storage on Altus Metrum altimeters
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Device
+ Bytes per Sample
+ Total Storage
+ Minutes at Full Rate
+
+
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.0
+ 8
+ 1MB
+ 20
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.1 v1.2
+ 8
+ 2MB
+ 40
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v2.0
+ 16
+ 8MB
+ 80
+
+
+ TeleMini v1.0
+ 2
+ 5kB
+ 4
+
+
+ TeleMini v2.0
+ 16
+ 1MB
+ 10
+
+
+ EasyMini
+ 16
+ 1MB
+ 10
+
+
+ TeleMega
+ 32
+ 8MB
+ 40
+
+
+
+
+
+ The on-board flash is partitioned into separate flight logs,
+ each of a fixed maximum size. Increase the maximum size of
+ each log and you reduce the number of flights that can be
+ stored. Decrease the size and you can store more flights.
+
+
+ Configuration data is also stored in the flash memory on
+ TeleMetrum v1.x, TeleMini and EasyMini. This consumes 64kB
+ of flash space. This configuration space is not available
+ for storing flight log data. TeleMetrum v2.0 and TeleMega
+ store configuration data in a bit of eeprom available within
+ the processor chip, leaving that space available in flash for
+ more flight data.
+
+
+ To compute the amount of space needed for a single flight, you
+ can multiply the expected ascent time (in seconds) by 100
+ times bytes-per-sample, multiply the expected descent time (in
+ seconds) by 10 times the bytes per sample and add the two
+ together. That will slightly under-estimate the storage (in
+ bytes) needed for the flight. For instance, a TeleMetrum v2.0 flight spending
+ 20 seconds in ascent and 150 seconds in descent will take
+ about (20 * 1600) + (150 * 160) = 56000 bytes of storage. You
+ could store dozens of these flights in the on-board flash.
+
+
+ The default size allows for several flights on each flight
+ computer, except for TeleMini v1.0, which only holds data for a
+ single flight. You can adjust the size.
+
+
+ Altus Metrum flight computers will not overwrite existing
+ flight data, so be sure to download flight data and erase it
+ from the flight computer before it fills up. The flight
+ computer will still successfully control the flight even if it
+ cannot log data, so the only thing you will lose is the data.
+
+
+
+ Installation
+
+ A typical installation involves attaching
+ only a suitable battery, a single pole switch for
+ power on/off, and two pairs of wires connecting e-matches for the
+ apogee and main ejection charges. All Altus Metrum products are
+ designed for use with single-cell batteries with 3.7 volts
+ nominal. TeleMini v2.0 and EasyMini may also be used with other
+ batteries as long as they supply between 4 and 12 volts.
+
+
+ The battery connectors are a standard 2-pin JST connector and
+ match batteries sold by Spark Fun. These batteries are
+ single-cell Lithium Polymer batteries that nominally provide 3.7
+ volts. Other vendors sell similar batteries for RC aircraft
+ using mating connectors, however the polarity for those is
+ generally reversed from the batteries used by Altus Metrum
+ products. In particular, the Tenergy batteries supplied for use
+ in Featherweight flight computers are not compatible with Altus
+ Metrum flight computers or battery chargers. Check
+ polarity and voltage before connecting any battery not purchased
+ from Altus Metrum or Spark Fun.
+
+
+ By default, we use the unregulated output of the battery directly
+ to fire ejection charges. This works marvelously with standard
+ low-current e-matches like the J-Tek from MJG Technologies, and with
+ Quest Q2G2 igniters. However, if you want or need to use a separate
+ pyro battery, check out the "External Pyro Battery" section in this
+ manual for instructions on how to wire that up. The altimeters are
+ designed to work with an external pyro battery of no more than 15 volts.
+
+
+
+ Ejection charges are wired directly to the screw terminal block
+ at the aft end of the altimeter. You'll need a very small straight
+ blade screwdriver for these screws, such as you might find in a
+ jeweler's screwdriver set.
+
+
+ Except for TeleMini v1.0, the flight computers also use the
+ screw terminal block for the power switch leads. On TeleMini v1.0,
+ the power switch leads are soldered directly to the board and
+ can be connected directly to a switch.
+
+
+ For most air-frames, the integrated antennas are more than
+ adequate. However, if you are installing in a carbon-fiber or
+ metal electronics bay which is opaque to RF signals, you may need to
+ use off-board external antennas instead. In this case, you can
+ order an altimeter with an SMA connector for the UHF antenna
+ connection, and, on TeleMetrum v1, you can unplug the integrated GPS
+ antenna and select an appropriate off-board GPS antenna with
+ cable terminating in a U.FL connector.
+
+
System Operation
@@ -679,25 +1031,28 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
data later...
- We don't generally use a 'normal packet radio' mode like APRS because they're
- just too inefficient. The GFSK modulation we use is FSK with the
- base-band pulses passed through a
- Gaussian filter before they go into the modulator to limit the
- transmitted bandwidth. When combined with the hardware forward error
- correction support in the cc1111 chip, this allows us to have a very
- robust 38.4 kilobit data link with only 10 milliwatts of transmit
- power, a whip antenna in the rocket, and a hand-held Yagi on the
- ground. We've had flights to above 21k feet AGL with great reception,
- and calculations suggest we should be good to well over 40k feet AGL
- with a 5-element yagi on the ground. We hope to fly boards to higher
- altitudes over time, and would of course appreciate customer feedback
- on performance in higher altitude flights!
-
-
- However, TeleMetrum v2.0 and TeleMega can send APRS if
- desired, the interval between APRS packets can be
- configured. As each APRS packet takes a full second to
- transmit, we recommend an interval of at least 5 seconds.
+ We don't generally use a 'normal packet radio' mode like APRS
+ because they're just too inefficient. The GFSK modulation we
+ use is FSK with the base-band pulses passed through a Gaussian
+ filter before they go into the modulator to limit the
+ transmitted bandwidth. When combined with forward error
+ correction and interleaving, this allows us to have a very
+ robust 19.2 kilobit data link with only 10-40 milliwatts of
+ transmit power, a whip antenna in the rocket, and a hand-held
+ Yagi on the ground. We've had flights to above 21k feet AGL
+ with great reception, and calculations suggest we should be
+ good to well over 40k feet AGL with a 5-element yagi on the
+ ground with our 10mW units and over 100k feet AGL with the
+ 40mW devices. We hope to fly boards to higher altitudes over
+ time, and would of course appreciate customer feedback on
+ performance in higher altitude flights!
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v2.0 and TeleMega can send APRS if desired, the
+ interval between APRS packets can be configured. As each APRS
+ packet takes a full second to transmit, we recommend an
+ interval of at least 5 seconds to avoid consuming too much
+ battery power or radio channel bandwidth.
@@ -760,16 +1115,38 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
Maximum Flight Log
- TeleMetrum version 1.1 and 1.2 have 2MB of on-board flash storage,
- enough to hold over 40 minutes of data at full data rate
- (100 samples/second). TeleMetrum 1.0 has 1MB of on-board
- storage. As data are stored at a reduced rate during descent
- (10 samples/second), there's plenty of space to store many
- flights worth of data.
-
-
- TeleMetrum v2.0 and TeleMega have 8MB of on-board flash stroage, enough to hold
+ Each flight computer logs data at 100 samples per second
+ during ascent and 10 samples per second during descent. Data
+ are logged to an on-board flash memory part, which can be
+ partitioned into several equal-sized blocks, one for each
+ flight.
+
+ Data Storage on Altus Metrum altimeters
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Device
+ Bytes per Sample
+ Total Storage
+ Minutes at Full Rate
+
+
+
+
+ TeleMetrum v1.x
+ 8
+ 2MB
+ 40
+
+
+
+
The on-board flash is partitioned into separate flight logs,
each of a fixed maximum size. Increase the maximum size of
@@ -778,21 +1155,25 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
flights.
- All of the configuration data is also stored in the flash
- memory, which consumes 64kB on TeleMetrum v1.1/v1.2 and 256B on
- TeleMetrum v1.0. This configuration space is not available
- for storing flight log data.
+ Configuration data is also stored in the flash memory on
+ TeleMetrum v1.x, TeleMini and EasyMini. This consumes 64kB
+ of flash space. This configuration space is not available
+ for storing flight log data. TeleMetrum v2.0 and TeleMega
+ store configuration data in a bit of eeprom available within
+ the processor chip.
To compute the amount of space needed for a single flight,
you can multiply the expected ascent time (in seconds) by
- 800, multiply the expected descent time (in seconds) by 80
- and add the two together. That will slightly under-estimate
- the storage (in bytes) needed for the flight. For instance,
- a flight spending 20 seconds in ascent and 150 seconds in
- descent will take about (20 * 800) + (150 * 80) = 28000
- bytes of storage. You could store dozens of these flights in
- the on-board flash.
+ 100 times bytes-per-sample (8 for TeleMetrum v1.x, 16 for
+ TeleMetrum v2.0 and 32 for TeleMega), multiply the expected
+ descent time (in seconds) by 80 and add the two
+ together. That will slightly under-estimate the storage (in
+ bytes) needed for the flight. For instance, a flight
+ spending 20 seconds in ascent and 150 seconds in descent
+ will take about (20 * 800) + (150 * 80) = 28000 bytes of
+ storage. You could store dozens of these flights in the
+ on-board flash.
The default size, 192kB, allows for 10 flights of storage on
@@ -820,7 +1201,7 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
a fixed height above the ground, you can configure the
altimeter to fire both at apogee or both during
descent. This was added to support an airframe that has two
- TeleMetrum computers, one in the fin can and one in the
+ altimeters, one in the fin can and one in the
nose.
@@ -833,17 +1214,23 @@ NAR #88757, TRA #12200
Pad Orientation
- TeleMetrum measures acceleration along the axis of the
- board. Which way the board is oriented affects the sign of
- the acceleration value. Instead of trying to guess which way
- the board is mounted in the air frame, TeleMetrum must be
- explicitly configured for either Antenna Up or Antenna
- Down. The default, Antenna Up, expects the end of the
- TeleMetrum board connected to the 70cm antenna to be nearest
- the nose of the rocket, with the end containing the screw
+ TeleMetrum and TeleMega measure acceleration along the axis
+ of the board. Which way the board is oriented affects the
+ sign of the acceleration value. Instead of trying to guess
+ which way the board is mounted in the air frame, the
+ altimeter must be explicitly configured for either Antenna
+ Up or Antenna Down. The default, Antenna Up, expects the end
+ of the board connected to the 70cm antenna to be nearest the
+ nose of the rocket, with the end containing the screw
terminals nearest the tail.
+
+ Pyro Channels
+
+ TeleMega
+
+