openocd: fix SPDX tag format for files .c
[fw/openocd] / src / target / xscale.c
index f22513a048d568fa628990f75990d2eba4df2d73..066ff8c918be9d5a4a3dc2431a60a55a15e99676 100644 (file)
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
 /***************************************************************************
  *   Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 by Dominic Rath                              *
  *   Dominic.Rath@gmx.de                                                   *
@@ -7,22 +9,8 @@
  *                                                                         *
  *   Copyright (C) 2009 Michael Schwingen                                  *
  *   michael@schwingen.org                                                 *
- *                                                                         *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
- *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
- *                                                                         *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
- *                                                                         *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
- *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
- *   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.             *
  ***************************************************************************/
+
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
@@ -39,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "arm_opcodes.h"
 #include "armv4_5.h"
 
-
 /*
  * Important XScale documents available as of October 2009 include:
  *
  * Chip-specific microarchitecture documents may also be useful.
  */
 
-
 /* forward declarations */
 static int xscale_resume(struct target *, int current,
-       uint32_t address, int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution);
+       target_addr_t address, int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution);
 static int xscale_debug_entry(struct target *);
 static int xscale_restore_banked(struct target *);
 static int xscale_get_reg(struct reg *reg);
@@ -72,20 +58,14 @@ static int xscale_set_watchpoint(struct target *, struct watchpoint *);
 static int xscale_unset_breakpoint(struct target *, struct breakpoint *);
 static int xscale_read_trace(struct target *);
 
-
 /* This XScale "debug handler" is loaded into the processor's
  * mini-ICache, which is 2K of code writable only via JTAG.
- *
- * FIXME  the OpenOCD "bin2char" utility currently doesn't handle
- * binary files cleanly.  It's string oriented, and terminates them
- * with a NUL character.  Better would be to generate the constants
- * and let other code decide names, scoping, and other housekeeping.
  */
-static /* unsigned const char xscale_debug_handler[] = ... */
-#include "xscale_debug.h"
+static const uint8_t xscale_debug_handler[] = {
+#include "../../contrib/loaders/debug/xscale/debug_handler.inc"
+};
 
-static char *const xscale_reg_list[] =
-{
+static const char *const xscale_reg_list[] = {
        "XSCALE_MAINID",                /* 0 */
        "XSCALE_CACHETYPE",
        "XSCALE_CTRL",
@@ -110,8 +90,7 @@ static char *const xscale_reg_list[] =
        "XSCALE_TXRXCTRL",
 };
 
-static const struct xscale_reg xscale_reg_arch_info[] =
-{
+static const struct xscale_reg xscale_reg_arch_info[] = {
        {XSCALE_MAINID, NULL},
        {XSCALE_CACHETYPE, NULL},
        {XSCALE_CTRL, NULL},
@@ -130,16 +109,16 @@ static const struct xscale_reg xscale_reg_arch_info[] =
        {XSCALE_TBREG, NULL},
        {XSCALE_CHKPT0, NULL},
        {XSCALE_CHKPT1, NULL},
-       {XSCALE_DCSR, NULL}, /* DCSR accessed via JTAG or SW */
-       {-1, NULL}, /* TX accessed via JTAG */
-       {-1, NULL}, /* RX accessed via JTAG */
-       {-1, NULL}, /* TXRXCTRL implicit access via JTAG */
+       {XSCALE_DCSR, NULL},    /* DCSR accessed via JTAG or SW */
+       {-1, NULL},     /* TX accessed via JTAG */
+       {-1, NULL},     /* RX accessed via JTAG */
+       {-1, NULL},     /* TXRXCTRL implicit access via JTAG */
 };
 
 /* convenience wrapper to access XScale specific registers */
 static int xscale_set_reg_u32(struct reg *reg, uint32_t value)
 {
-       uint8_t buf[4];
+       uint8_t buf[4] = { 0 };
 
        buf_set_u32(buf, 0, 32, value);
 
@@ -148,11 +127,11 @@ static int xscale_set_reg_u32(struct reg *reg, uint32_t value)
 
 static const char xscale_not[] = "target is not an XScale";
 
-static int xscale_verify_pointer(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
-               struct xscale_common *xscale)
+static int xscale_verify_pointer(struct command_invocation *cmd,
+       struct xscale_common *xscale)
 {
        if (xscale->common_magic != XSCALE_COMMON_MAGIC) {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, xscale_not);
+               command_print(cmd, xscale_not);
                return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -160,18 +139,16 @@ static int xscale_verify_pointer(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
 
 static int xscale_jtag_set_instr(struct jtag_tap *tap, uint32_t new_instr, tap_state_t end_state)
 {
-       if (tap == NULL)
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       assert(tap);
 
-       if (buf_get_u32(tap->cur_instr, 0, tap->ir_length) != new_instr)
-       {
+       if (buf_get_u32(tap->cur_instr, 0, tap->ir_length) != new_instr) {
                struct scan_field field;
-               uint8_t scratch[4];
+               uint8_t scratch[4] = { 0 };
 
-               memset(&field, 0, sizeof field);
+               memset(&field, 0, sizeof(field));
                field.num_bits = tap->ir_length;
                field.out_value = scratch;
-               buf_set_u32(field.out_value, 0, field.num_bits, new_instr);
+               buf_set_u32(scratch, 0, field.num_bits, new_instr);
 
                jtag_add_ir_scan(tap, &field, end_state);
        }
@@ -191,7 +168,6 @@ static int xscale_read_dcsr(struct target *target)
        uint8_t field2_check_value = 0x0;
        uint8_t field2_check_mask = 0x1;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_DRPAUSE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_SELDCSR << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_DRPAUSE);
@@ -199,7 +175,7 @@ static int xscale_read_dcsr(struct target *target)
        buf_set_u32(&field0, 1, 1, xscale->hold_rst);
        buf_set_u32(&field0, 2, 1, xscale->external_debug_break);
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 3;
        fields[0].out_value = &field0;
@@ -219,14 +195,14 @@ static int xscale_read_dcsr(struct target *target)
        jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 0, &field0_check_value, &field0_check_mask);
        jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 2, &field2_check_value, &field2_check_mask);
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while reading DCSR");
                return retval;
        }
 
-       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].dirty = 0;
-       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].valid = 1;
+       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].dirty = false;
+       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].valid = true;
 
        /* write the register with the value we just read
         * on this second pass, only the first bit of field0 is guaranteed to be 0)
@@ -235,8 +211,6 @@ static int xscale_read_dcsr(struct target *target)
        fields[1].out_value = xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value;
        fields[1].in_value = NULL;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
-
        jtag_add_dr_scan(target->tap, 3, fields, TAP_DRPAUSE);
 
        /* DANGER!!! this must be here. It will make sure that the arguments
@@ -248,13 +222,13 @@ static int xscale_read_dcsr(struct target *target)
 static void xscale_getbuf(jtag_callback_data_t arg)
 {
        uint8_t *in = (uint8_t *)arg;
-       *((uint32_t *)in) = buf_get_u32(in, 0, 32);
+       *((uint32_t *)arg) = buf_get_u32(in, 0, 32);
 }
 
 static int xscale_receive(struct target *target, uint32_t *buffer, int num_words)
 {
        if (num_words == 0)
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval = ERROR_OK;
@@ -274,32 +248,34 @@ static int xscale_receive(struct target *target, uint32_t *buffer, int num_words
        path[1] = TAP_DRCAPTURE;
        path[2] = TAP_DRSHIFT;
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 3;
+       uint8_t tmp;
+       fields[0].in_value = &tmp;
        fields[0].check_value = &field0_check_value;
        fields[0].check_mask = &field0_check_mask;
 
        fields[1].num_bits = 32;
 
        fields[2].num_bits = 1;
+       uint8_t tmp2;
+       fields[2].in_value = &tmp2;
        fields[2].check_value = &field2_check_value;
        fields[2].check_mask = &field2_check_mask;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_DBGTX << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
-       jtag_add_runtest(1, TAP_IDLE); /* ensures that we're in the TAP_IDLE state as the above could be a no-op */
+       jtag_add_runtest(1, TAP_IDLE);  /* ensures that we're in the TAP_IDLE state as the above
+                                        *could be a no-op */
 
        /* repeat until all words have been collected */
        int attempts = 0;
-       while (words_done < num_words)
-       {
+       while (words_done < num_words) {
                /* schedule reads */
                words_scheduled = 0;
-               for (i = words_done; i < num_words; i++)
-               {
+               for (i = words_done; i < num_words; i++) {
                        fields[0].in_value = &field0[i];
 
                        jtag_add_pathmove(3, path);
@@ -313,32 +289,28 @@ static int xscale_receive(struct target *target, uint32_t *buffer, int num_words
                        words_scheduled++;
                }
 
-               if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                        LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while receiving data from debug handler");
                        break;
                }
 
                /* examine results */
-               for (i = words_done; i < num_words; i++)
-               {
-                       if (!(field0[0] & 1))
-                       {
+               for (i = words_done; i < num_words; i++) {
+                       if (!(field0[i] & 1)) {
                                /* move backwards if necessary */
                                int j;
-                               for (j = i; j < num_words - 1; j++)
-                               {
+                               for (j = i; j < num_words - 1; j++) {
                                        field0[j] = field0[j + 1];
                                        field1[j] = field1[j + 1];
                                }
                                words_scheduled--;
                        }
                }
-               if (words_scheduled == 0)
-               {
-                       if (attempts++==1000)
-                       {
-                               LOG_ERROR("Failed to receiving data from debug handler after 1000 attempts");
+               if (words_scheduled == 0) {
+                       if (attempts++ == 1000) {
+                               LOG_ERROR(
+                                       "Failed to receiving data from debug handler after 1000 attempts");
                                retval = ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
                                break;
                        }
@@ -348,7 +320,7 @@ static int xscale_receive(struct target *target, uint32_t *buffer, int num_words
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < num_words; i++)
-               *(buffer++) = buf_get_u32((uint8_t*)&field1[i], 0, 32);
+               *(buffer++) = buf_get_u32((uint8_t *)&field1[i], 0, 32);
 
        free(field1);
 
@@ -369,8 +341,6 @@ static int xscale_read_tx(struct target *target, int consume)
        uint8_t field2_check_value = 0x0;
        uint8_t field2_check_mask = 0x1;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
-
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_DBGTX << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
@@ -386,7 +356,7 @@ static int xscale_read_tx(struct target *target, int consume)
        noconsume_path[4] = TAP_DREXIT2;
        noconsume_path[5] = TAP_DRSHIFT;
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 3;
        fields[0].in_value = &field0_in;
@@ -401,8 +371,7 @@ static int xscale_read_tx(struct target *target, int consume)
        gettimeofday(&timeout, NULL);
        timeval_add_time(&timeout, 1, 0);
 
-       for (;;)
-       {
+       for (;; ) {
                /* if we want to consume the register content (i.e. clear TX_READY),
                 * we have to go straight from Capture-DR to Shift-DR
                 * otherwise, we go from Capture-DR to Exit1-DR to Pause-DR
@@ -410,41 +379,33 @@ static int xscale_read_tx(struct target *target, int consume)
                if (consume)
                        jtag_add_pathmove(3, path);
                else
-               {
                        jtag_add_pathmove(ARRAY_SIZE(noconsume_path), noconsume_path);
-               }
 
                jtag_add_dr_scan(target->tap, 3, fields, TAP_IDLE);
 
                jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 0, &field0_check_value, &field0_check_mask);
                jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 2, &field2_check_value, &field2_check_mask);
 
-               if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                        LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while reading TX");
                        return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
                }
 
                gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-               if ((now.tv_sec > timeout.tv_sec) || ((now.tv_sec == timeout.tv_sec)&& (now.tv_usec > timeout.tv_usec)))
-               {
+               if (timeval_compare(&now, &timeout) > 0) {
                        LOG_ERROR("time out reading TX register");
                        return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
                }
                if (!((!(field0_in & 1)) && consume))
-               {
                        goto done;
-               }
-               if (debug_level >= 3)
-               {
+               if (debug_level >= 3) {
                        LOG_DEBUG("waiting 100ms");
-                       alive_sleep(100); /* avoid flooding the logs */
+                       alive_sleep(100);       /* avoid flooding the logs */
                } else
-               {
                        keep_alive();
-               }
        }
-       done:
+done:
 
        if (!(field0_in & 1))
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
@@ -466,13 +427,11 @@ static int xscale_write_rx(struct target *target)
        uint8_t field2_check_value = 0x0;
        uint8_t field2_check_mask = 0x1;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
-
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_DBGRX << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 3;
        fields[0].out_value = &field0_out;
@@ -491,44 +450,40 @@ static int xscale_write_rx(struct target *target)
 
        /* poll until rx_read is low */
        LOG_DEBUG("polling RX");
-       for (;;)
-       {
+       for (;;) {
                jtag_add_dr_scan(target->tap, 3, fields, TAP_IDLE);
 
                jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 0, &field0_check_value, &field0_check_mask);
                jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 2, &field2_check_value, &field2_check_mask);
 
-               if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                        LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while writing RX");
                        return retval;
                }
 
                gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-               if ((now.tv_sec > timeout.tv_sec) || ((now.tv_sec == timeout.tv_sec)&& (now.tv_usec > timeout.tv_usec)))
-               {
+               if ((now.tv_sec > timeout.tv_sec) ||
+                       ((now.tv_sec == timeout.tv_sec) && (now.tv_usec > timeout.tv_usec))) {
                        LOG_ERROR("time out writing RX register");
                        return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
                }
                if (!(field0_in & 1))
                        goto done;
-               if (debug_level >= 3)
-               {
+               if (debug_level >= 3) {
                        LOG_DEBUG("waiting 100ms");
-                       alive_sleep(100); /* avoid flooding the logs */
+                       alive_sleep(100);       /* avoid flooding the logs */
                } else
-               {
                        keep_alive();
-               }
        }
-       done:
+done:
 
        /* set rx_valid */
        field2 = 0x1;
        jtag_add_dr_scan(target->tap, 3, fields, TAP_IDLE);
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while writing RX");
                return retval;
        }
@@ -537,65 +492,61 @@ static int xscale_write_rx(struct target *target)
 }
 
 /* send count elements of size byte to the debug handler */
-static int xscale_send(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, int count, int size)
+static int xscale_send(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer, int count, int size)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       uint32_t t[3];
-       int bits[3];
        int retval;
        int done_count = 0;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
-
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_DBGRX << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
 
-       bits[0]=3;
-       t[0]=0;
-       bits[1]=32;
-       t[2]=1;
-       bits[2]=1;
+       static const uint8_t t0;
+       uint8_t t1[4] = { 0 };
+       static const uint8_t t2 = 1;
+       struct scan_field fields[3] = {
+                       { .num_bits = 3, .out_value = &t0 },
+                       { .num_bits = 32, .out_value = t1 },
+                       { .num_bits = 1, .out_value = &t2 },
+       };
+
        int endianness = target->endianness;
-       while (done_count++ < count)
-       {
-               switch (size)
-               {
-               case 4:
-                       if (endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                       {
-                               t[1]=le_to_h_u32(buffer);
-                       } else
-                       {
-                               t[1]=be_to_h_u32(buffer);
-                       }
-                       break;
-               case 2:
-                       if (endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
-                       {
-                               t[1]=le_to_h_u16(buffer);
-                       } else
-                       {
-                               t[1]=be_to_h_u16(buffer);
-                       }
-                       break;
-               case 1:
-                       t[1]=buffer[0];
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: size neither 4, 2 nor 1");
-                       return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+       while (done_count++ < count) {
+               uint32_t t;
+
+               switch (size) {
+                       case 4:
+                               if (endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+                                       t = le_to_h_u32(buffer);
+                               else
+                                       t = be_to_h_u32(buffer);
+                               break;
+                       case 2:
+                               if (endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
+                                       t = le_to_h_u16(buffer);
+                               else
+                                       t = be_to_h_u16(buffer);
+                               break;
+                       case 1:
+                               t = buffer[0];
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               LOG_ERROR("BUG: size neither 4, 2 nor 1");
+                               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
-               jtag_add_dr_out(target->tap,
-                               3,
-                               bits,
-                               t,
-                               TAP_IDLE);
+
+               buf_set_u32(t1, 0, 32, t);
+
+               jtag_add_dr_scan(target->tap,
+                       3,
+                       fields,
+                       TAP_IDLE);
                buffer += size;
        }
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while sending data to debug handler");
                return retval;
        }
@@ -629,7 +580,6 @@ static int xscale_write_dcsr(struct target *target, int hold_rst, int ext_dbg_br
        if (ext_dbg_brk != -1)
                xscale->external_debug_break = ext_dbg_brk;
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_SELDCSR << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
@@ -637,7 +587,7 @@ static int xscale_write_dcsr(struct target *target, int hold_rst, int ext_dbg_br
        buf_set_u32(&field0, 1, 1, xscale->hold_rst);
        buf_set_u32(&field0, 2, 1, xscale->external_debug_break);
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 3;
        fields[0].out_value = &field0;
@@ -657,42 +607,41 @@ static int xscale_write_dcsr(struct target *target, int hold_rst, int ext_dbg_br
        jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 0, &field0_check_value, &field0_check_mask);
        jtag_check_value_mask(fields + 2, &field2_check_value, &field2_check_mask);
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while writing DCSR");
                return retval;
        }
 
-       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].dirty = 0;
-       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].valid = 1;
+       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].dirty = false;
+       xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].valid = true;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
 /* parity of the number of bits 0 if even; 1 if odd. for 32 bit words */
-static unsigned int parity (unsigned int v)
+static unsigned int parity(unsigned int v)
 {
-       // unsigned int ov = v;
+       /* unsigned int ov = v; */
        v ^= v >> 16;
        v ^= v >> 8;
        v ^= v >> 4;
        v &= 0xf;
-       // LOG_DEBUG("parity of 0x%x is %i", ov, (0x6996 >> v) & 1);
+       /* LOG_DEBUG("parity of 0x%x is %i", ov, (0x6996 >> v) & 1); */
        return (0x6996 >> v) & 1;
 }
 
 static int xscale_load_ic(struct target *target, uint32_t va, uint32_t buffer[8])
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       uint8_t packet[4];
-       uint8_t cmd;
+       uint8_t packet[4] = { 0 };
+       uint8_t cmd = 0;
        int word;
        struct scan_field fields[2];
 
        LOG_DEBUG("loading miniIC at 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", va);
 
        /* LDIC into IR */
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_LDIC << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
@@ -706,7 +655,7 @@ static int xscale_load_ic(struct target *target, uint32_t va, uint32_t buffer[8]
        /* virtual address of desired cache line */
        buf_set_u32(packet, 0, 27, va >> 5);
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 6;
        fields[0].out_value = &cmd;
@@ -723,8 +672,7 @@ static int xscale_load_ic(struct target *target, uint32_t va, uint32_t buffer[8]
        fields[1].num_bits = 1;
        fields[1].out_value = &cmd;
 
-       for (word = 0; word < 8; word++)
-       {
+       for (word = 0; word < 8; word++) {
                buf_set_u32(packet, 0, 32, buffer[word]);
 
                uint32_t value;
@@ -740,11 +688,10 @@ static int xscale_load_ic(struct target *target, uint32_t va, uint32_t buffer[8]
 static int xscale_invalidate_ic_line(struct target *target, uint32_t va)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       uint8_t packet[4];
-       uint8_t cmd;
+       uint8_t packet[4] = { 0 };
+       uint8_t cmd = 0;
        struct scan_field fields[2];
 
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_LDIC << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
@@ -755,7 +702,7 @@ static int xscale_invalidate_ic_line(struct target *target, uint32_t va)
        /* virtual address of desired cache line */
        buf_set_u32(packet, 0, 27, va >> 5);
 
-       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
+       memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
 
        fields[0].num_bits = 6;
        fields[0].out_value = &cmd;
@@ -776,39 +723,29 @@ static int xscale_update_vectors(struct target *target)
 
        uint32_t low_reset_branch, high_reset_branch;
 
-       for (i = 1; i < 8; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 1; i < 8; i++) {
                /* if there's a static vector specified for this exception, override */
                if (xscale->static_high_vectors_set & (1 << i))
-               {
                        xscale->high_vectors[i] = xscale->static_high_vectors[i];
-               }
-               else
-               {
+               else {
                        retval = target_read_u32(target, 0xffff0000 + 4*i, &xscale->high_vectors[i]);
                        if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT)
                                return retval;
-                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                                /* Some of these reads will fail as part of normal execution */
                                xscale->high_vectors[i] = ARMV4_5_B(0xfffffe, 0);
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       for (i = 1; i < 8; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 1; i < 8; i++) {
                if (xscale->static_low_vectors_set & (1 << i))
-               {
                        xscale->low_vectors[i] = xscale->static_low_vectors[i];
-               }
-               else
-               {
+               else {
                        retval = target_read_u32(target, 0x0 + 4*i, &xscale->low_vectors[i]);
                        if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT)
                                return retval;
-                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                                /* Some of these reads will fail as part of normal execution */
                                xscale->low_vectors[i] = ARMV4_5_B(0xfffffe, 0);
                        }
@@ -835,30 +772,27 @@ static int xscale_update_vectors(struct target *target)
 static int xscale_arch_state(struct target *target)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
 
-       static const char *state[] =
-       {
+       static const char *state[] = {
                "disabled", "enabled"
        };
 
-       static const char *arch_dbg_reason[] =
-       {
+       static const char *arch_dbg_reason[] = {
                "", "\n(processor reset)", "\n(trace buffer full)"
        };
 
-       if (armv4_5->common_magic != ARM_COMMON_MAGIC)
-       {
+       if (arm->common_magic != ARM_COMMON_MAGIC) {
                LOG_ERROR("BUG: called for a non-ARMv4/5 target");
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
 
        arm_arch_state(target);
        LOG_USER("MMU: %s, D-Cache: %s, I-Cache: %s%s",
-                        state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled],
-                        state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled],
-                        state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled],
-                        arch_dbg_reason[xscale->arch_debug_reason]);
+               state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled],
+               state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled],
+               state[xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled],
+               arch_dbg_reason[xscale->arch_debug_reason]);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -867,22 +801,19 @@ static int xscale_poll(struct target *target)
 {
        int retval = ERROR_OK;
 
-       if ((target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) || (target->state == TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING))
-       {
+       if ((target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) || (target->state == TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING)) {
                enum target_state previous_state = target->state;
-               if ((retval = xscale_read_tx(target, 0)) == ERROR_OK)
-               {
+               retval = xscale_read_tx(target, 0);
+               if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
 
                        /* there's data to read from the tx register, we entered debug state */
                        target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
 
                        /* process debug entry, fetching current mode regs */
                        retval = xscale_debug_entry(target);
-               }
-               else if (retval != ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE)
-               {
+               } else if (retval != ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE) {
                        LOG_USER("error while polling TX register, reset CPU");
-                       /* here we "lie" so GDB won't get stuck and a reset can be perfomed */
+                       /* here we "lie" so GDB won't get stuck and a reset can be performed */
                        target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
                }
 
@@ -906,123 +837,124 @@ static int xscale_poll(struct target *target)
 static int xscale_debug_entry(struct target *target)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
        uint32_t pc;
        uint32_t buffer[10];
-       int i;
+       unsigned i;
        int retval;
        uint32_t moe;
 
        /* clear external dbg break (will be written on next DCSR read) */
        xscale->external_debug_break = 0;
-       if ((retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* get r0, pc, r1 to r7 and cpsr */
-       if ((retval = xscale_receive(target, buffer, 10)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_receive(target, buffer, 10);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* move r0 from buffer to register cache */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, buffer[0]);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].valid = 1;
+       buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, buffer[0]);
+       arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = true;
+       arm->core_cache->reg_list[0].valid = true;
        LOG_DEBUG("r0: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", buffer[0]);
 
        /* move pc from buffer to register cache */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32, buffer[1]);
-       armv4_5->pc->dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->pc->valid = 1;
+       buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, buffer[1]);
+       arm->pc->dirty = true;
+       arm->pc->valid = true;
        LOG_DEBUG("pc: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", buffer[1]);
 
        /* move data from buffer to register cache */
-       for (i = 1; i <= 7; i++)
-       {
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32, buffer[1 + i]);
-               armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].dirty = 1;
-               armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].valid = 1;
+       for (i = 1; i <= 7; i++) {
+               buf_set_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32, buffer[1 + i]);
+               arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].dirty = true;
+               arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].valid = true;
                LOG_DEBUG("r%i: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i, buffer[i + 1]);
        }
 
-       arm_set_cpsr(armv4_5, buffer[9]);
+       arm_set_cpsr(arm, buffer[9]);
        LOG_DEBUG("cpsr: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", buffer[9]);
 
-       if (!is_arm_mode(armv4_5->core_mode))
-       {
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode)) {
                target->state = TARGET_UNKNOWN;
                LOG_ERROR("cpsr contains invalid mode value - communication failure");
                return ERROR_TARGET_FAILURE;
        }
        LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug state in %s mode",
-                        arm_mode_name(armv4_5->core_mode));
+               arm_mode_name(arm->core_mode));
 
        /* get banked registers, r8 to r14, and spsr if not in USR/SYS mode */
-       if (armv4_5->spsr) {
+       if (arm->spsr) {
                xscale_receive(target, buffer, 8);
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->spsr->value, 0, 32, buffer[7]);
-               armv4_5->spsr->dirty = false;
-               armv4_5->spsr->valid = true;
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               buf_set_u32(arm->spsr->value, 0, 32, buffer[7]);
+               arm->spsr->dirty = false;
+               arm->spsr->valid = true;
+       } else {
                /* r8 to r14, but no spsr */
                xscale_receive(target, buffer, 7);
        }
 
        /* move data from buffer to right banked register in cache */
-       for (i = 8; i <= 14; i++)
-       {
-               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(armv4_5, i);
+       for (i = 8; i <= 14; i++) {
+               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(arm, i);
 
                buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, buffer[i - 8]);
                r->dirty = false;
                r->valid = true;
        }
 
+       /* mark xscale regs invalid to ensure they are retrieved from the
+        * debug handler if requested  */
+       for (i = 0; i < xscale->reg_cache->num_regs; i++)
+               xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[i].valid = false;
+
        /* examine debug reason */
        xscale_read_dcsr(target);
        moe = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 2, 3);
 
        /* stored PC (for calculating fixup) */
-       pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+       pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
-       switch (moe)
-       {
-               case 0x0: /* Processor reset */
+       switch (moe) {
+               case 0x0:       /* Processor reset */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_RESET;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x1: /* Instruction breakpoint hit */
+               case 0x1:       /* Instruction breakpoint hit */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_GENERIC;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x2: /* Data breakpoint hit */
+               case 0x2:       /* Data breakpoint hit */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_WATCHPOINT;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_GENERIC;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x3: /* BKPT instruction executed */
+               case 0x3:       /* BKPT instruction executed */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_GENERIC;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x4: /* Ext. debug event */
+               case 0x4:       /* Ext. debug event */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_GENERIC;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x5: /* Vector trap occured */
+               case 0x5:       /* Vector trap occurred */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_GENERIC;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x6: /* Trace buffer full break */
+               case 0x6:       /* Trace buffer full break */
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ;
                        xscale->arch_debug_reason = XSCALE_DBG_REASON_TB_FULL;
                        pc -= 4;
                        break;
-               case 0x7: /* Reserved (may flag Hot-Debug support) */
+               case 0x7:       /* Reserved (may flag Hot-Debug support) */
                default:
                        LOG_ERROR("Method of Entry is 'Reserved'");
                        exit(-1);
@@ -1030,44 +962,44 @@ static int xscale_debug_entry(struct target *target)
        }
 
        /* apply PC fixup */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32, pc);
+       buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, pc);
 
        /* on the first debug entry, identify cache type */
-       if (xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.ctype == -1)
-       {
+       if (xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.ctype == -1) {
                uint32_t cache_type_reg;
 
                /* read cp15 cache type register */
                xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CACHETYPE]);
-               cache_type_reg = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CACHETYPE].value, 0, 32);
+               cache_type_reg = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CACHETYPE].value,
+                               0,
+                               32);
 
                armv4_5_identify_cache(cache_type_reg, &xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache);
        }
 
-       /* examine MMU and Cache settings */
-       /* read cp15 control register */
+       /* examine MMU and Cache settings
+        * read cp15 control register */
        xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL]);
-       xscale->cp15_control_reg = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL].value, 0, 32);
+       xscale->cp15_control_reg =
+               buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL].value, 0, 32);
        xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled = (xscale->cp15_control_reg & 0x1U) ? 1 : 0;
-       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled = (xscale->cp15_control_reg & 0x4U) ? 1 : 0;
-       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled = (xscale->cp15_control_reg & 0x1000U) ? 1 : 0;
+       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled =
+               (xscale->cp15_control_reg & 0x4U) ? 1 : 0;
+       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled =
+               (xscale->cp15_control_reg & 0x1000U) ? 1 : 0;
 
        /* tracing enabled, read collected trace data */
-       if (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled)
-       {
+       if (xscale->trace.mode != XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED) {
                xscale_read_trace(target);
-               xscale->trace.buffer_fill--;
 
-               /* resume if we're still collecting trace data */
-               if ((xscale->arch_debug_reason == XSCALE_DBG_REASON_TB_FULL)
-                       && (xscale->trace.buffer_fill > 0))
-               {
-                       xscale_resume(target, 1, 0x0, 1, 0);
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       xscale->trace.buffer_enabled = 0;
-               }
+               /* Resume if entered debug due to buffer fill and we're still collecting
+                * trace data.  Note that a debug exception due to trace buffer full
+                * can only happen in fill mode. */
+               if (xscale->arch_debug_reason == XSCALE_DBG_REASON_TB_FULL) {
+                       if (--xscale->trace.fill_counter > 0)
+                               xscale_resume(target, 1, 0x0, 1, 0);
+               } else  /* entered debug for other reason; reset counter */
+                       xscale->trace.fill_counter = 0;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -1078,25 +1010,18 @@ static int xscale_halt(struct target *target)
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
        LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s",
-                 target_state_name(target));
+               target_state_name(target));
 
-       if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_DEBUG("target was already halted");
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-       else if (target->state == TARGET_UNKNOWN)
-       {
+       } else if (target->state == TARGET_UNKNOWN) {
                /* this must not happen for a xscale target */
                LOG_ERROR("target was in unknown state when halt was requested");
                return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
-       }
-       else if (target->state == TARGET_RESET)
-       {
+       } else if (target->state == TARGET_RESET)
                LOG_DEBUG("target->state == TARGET_RESET");
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       else {
                /* assert external dbg break */
                xscale->external_debug_break = 1;
                xscale_read_dcsr(target);
@@ -1113,22 +1038,21 @@ static int xscale_enable_single_step(struct target *target, uint32_t next_pc)
        struct reg *ibcr0 = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR0];
        int retval;
 
-       if (xscale->ibcr0_used)
-       {
-               struct breakpoint *ibcr0_bp = breakpoint_find(target, buf_get_u32(ibcr0->value, 0, 32) & 0xfffffffe);
+       if (xscale->ibcr0_used) {
+               struct breakpoint *ibcr0_bp =
+                       breakpoint_find(target, buf_get_u32(ibcr0->value, 0, 32) & 0xfffffffe);
 
                if (ibcr0_bp)
-               {
                        xscale_unset_breakpoint(target, ibcr0_bp);
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: xscale->ibcr0_used is set, but no breakpoint with that address found");
+               else {
+                       LOG_ERROR(
+                               "BUG: xscale->ibcr0_used is set, but no breakpoint with that address found");
                        exit(-1);
                }
        }
 
-       if ((retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(ibcr0, next_pc | 0x1)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(ibcr0, next_pc | 0x1);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -1140,7 +1064,8 @@ static int xscale_disable_single_step(struct target *target)
        struct reg *ibcr0 = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR0];
        int retval;
 
-       if ((retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(ibcr0, 0x0)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(ibcr0, 0x0);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -1150,9 +1075,8 @@ static void xscale_enable_watchpoints(struct target *target)
 {
        struct watchpoint *watchpoint = target->watchpoints;
 
-       while (watchpoint)
-       {
-               if (watchpoint->set == 0)
+       while (watchpoint) {
+               if (!watchpoint->is_set)
                        xscale_set_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
                watchpoint = watchpoint->next;
        }
@@ -1163,73 +1087,83 @@ static void xscale_enable_breakpoints(struct target *target)
        struct breakpoint *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
 
        /* set any pending breakpoints */
-       while (breakpoint)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->set == 0)
+       while (breakpoint) {
+               if (!breakpoint->is_set)
                        xscale_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
                breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
        }
 }
 
+static void xscale_free_trace_data(struct xscale_common *xscale)
+{
+       struct xscale_trace_data *td = xscale->trace.data;
+       while (td) {
+               struct xscale_trace_data *next_td = td->next;
+               free(td->entries);
+               free(td);
+               td = next_td;
+       }
+       xscale->trace.data = NULL;
+}
+
 static int xscale_resume(struct target *target, int current,
-               uint32_t address, int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution)
+       target_addr_t address, int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
-       struct breakpoint *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
        uint32_t current_pc;
        int retval;
        int i;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        if (!debug_execution)
-       {
                target_free_all_working_areas(target);
-       }
 
        /* update vector tables */
-       if ((retval = xscale_update_vectors(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_update_vectors(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* current = 1: continue on current pc, otherwise continue at <address> */
        if (!current)
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
+               buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
 
-       current_pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+       current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* if we're at the reset vector, we have to simulate the branch */
-       if (current_pc == 0x0)
-       {
+       if (current_pc == 0x0) {
                arm_simulate_step(target, NULL);
-               current_pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+               current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
        }
 
        /* the front-end may request us not to handle breakpoints */
-       if (handle_breakpoints)
-       {
+       if (handle_breakpoints) {
+               struct breakpoint *breakpoint;
                breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target,
-                               buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
-               if (breakpoint != NULL)
-               {
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+               if (breakpoint) {
                        uint32_t next_pc;
+                       enum trace_mode saved_trace_mode;
 
                        /* there's a breakpoint at the current PC, we have to step over it */
-                       LOG_DEBUG("unset breakpoint at 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", breakpoint->address);
+                       LOG_DEBUG("unset breakpoint at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "",
+                               breakpoint->address);
                        xscale_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
 
                        /* calculate PC of next instruction */
-                       if ((retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                                uint32_t current_opcode;
                                target_read_u32(target, current_pc, &current_opcode);
-                               LOG_ERROR("BUG: couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", current_opcode);
+                               LOG_ERROR(
+                                       "BUG: couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                                       current_opcode);
                        }
 
                        LOG_DEBUG("enable single-step");
@@ -1237,43 +1171,47 @@ static int xscale_resume(struct target *target, int current,
 
                        /* restore banked registers */
                        retval = xscale_restore_banked(target);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
 
-                       /* send resume request (command 0x30 or 0x31)
-                        * clean the trace buffer if it is to be enabled (0x62) */
-                       if (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled)
-                       {
-                               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x62);
-                               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x31);
-                       }
-                       else
-                               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x30);
+                       /* send resume request */
+                       xscale_send_u32(target, 0x30);
 
                        /* send CPSR */
                        xscale_send_u32(target,
-                               buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
                        LOG_DEBUG("writing cpsr with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                               buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
 
-                       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
-                       {
+                       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
                                /* send register */
-                               xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
-                               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+                               xscale_send_u32(target,
+                                       buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+                               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                                       i, buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
                        }
 
                        /* send PC */
                        xscale_send_u32(target,
-                                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
                        LOG_DEBUG("writing PC with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+
+                       /* disable trace data collection in xscale_debug_entry() */
+                       saved_trace_mode = xscale->trace.mode;
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
 
                        /* wait for and process debug entry */
                        xscale_debug_entry(target);
 
+                       /* re-enable trace buffer, if enabled previously */
+                       xscale->trace.mode = saved_trace_mode;
+
                        LOG_DEBUG("disable single-step");
                        xscale_disable_single_step(target);
 
-                       LOG_DEBUG("set breakpoint at 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", breakpoint->address);
+                       LOG_DEBUG("set breakpoint at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "",
+                               breakpoint->address);
                        xscale_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
                }
        }
@@ -1284,45 +1222,52 @@ static int xscale_resume(struct target *target, int current,
 
        /* restore banked registers */
        retval = xscale_restore_banked(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        /* send resume request (command 0x30 or 0x31)
         * clean the trace buffer if it is to be enabled (0x62) */
-       if (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled)
-       {
+       if (xscale->trace.mode != XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED) {
+               if (xscale->trace.mode == XSCALE_TRACE_FILL) {
+                       /* If trace enabled in fill mode and starting collection of new set
+                            * of buffers, initialize buffer counter and free previous buffers */
+                       if (xscale->trace.fill_counter == 0) {
+                               xscale->trace.fill_counter = xscale->trace.buffer_fill;
+                               xscale_free_trace_data(xscale);
+                       }
+               } else  /* wrap mode; free previous buffer */
+                       xscale_free_trace_data(xscale);
+
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x62);
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x31);
-       }
-       else
+       } else
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x30);
 
        /* send CPSR */
-       xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+       xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
        LOG_DEBUG("writing cpsr with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
 
-       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
-       {
+       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
                /* send register */
-               xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
-               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+               xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                       i, buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
        }
 
        /* send PC */
-       xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+       xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
        LOG_DEBUG("wrote PC with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
 
        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_NOTHALTED;
 
-       if (!debug_execution)
-       {
+       if (!debug_execution) {
                /* registers are now invalid */
-               register_cache_invalidate(armv4_5->core_cache);
+               register_cache_invalidate(arm->core_cache);
                target->state = TARGET_RUNNING;
                target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                target->state = TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING;
                target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_RESUMED);
        }
@@ -1333,10 +1278,10 @@ static int xscale_resume(struct target *target, int current,
 }
 
 static int xscale_step_inner(struct target *target, int current,
-               uint32_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
+       uint32_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
        uint32_t next_pc;
        int retval;
        int i;
@@ -1344,72 +1289,82 @@ static int xscale_step_inner(struct target *target, int current,
        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP;
 
        /* calculate PC of next instruction */
-       if ((retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc)) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                uint32_t current_opcode, current_pc;
-               current_pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+               current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
                target_read_u32(target, current_pc, &current_opcode);
-               LOG_ERROR("BUG: couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", current_opcode);
+               LOG_ERROR(
+                       "BUG: couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                       current_opcode);
                return retval;
        }
 
        LOG_DEBUG("enable single-step");
-       if ((retval = xscale_enable_single_step(target, next_pc)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_enable_single_step(target, next_pc);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* restore banked registers */
-       if ((retval = xscale_restore_banked(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_restore_banked(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* send resume request (command 0x30 or 0x31)
         * clean the trace buffer if it is to be enabled (0x62) */
-       if (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled)
-       {
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x62)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if (xscale->trace.mode != XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED) {
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x62);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x31);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x31)) != ERROR_OK)
+       } else {
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x30);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
-       else
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x30)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       return retval;
 
        /* send CPSR */
        retval = xscale_send_u32(target,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
        LOG_DEBUG("writing cpsr with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
 
-       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
-       {
+       for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
                /* send register */
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32))) != ERROR_OK)
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target,
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
+               LOG_DEBUG("writing r%i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->core_cache->reg_list[i].value, 0, 32));
        }
 
        /* send PC */
        retval = xscale_send_u32(target,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
        LOG_DEBUG("wrote PC with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
+               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
 
        target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
 
        /* registers are now invalid */
-       register_cache_invalidate(armv4_5->core_cache);
+       register_cache_invalidate(arm->core_cache);
 
        /* wait for and process debug entry */
-       if ((retval = xscale_debug_entry(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_debug_entry(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("disable single-step");
-       if ((retval = xscale_disable_single_step(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_disable_single_step(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
@@ -1418,32 +1373,32 @@ static int xscale_step_inner(struct target *target, int current,
 }
 
 static int xscale_step(struct target *target, int current,
-               uint32_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
+       target_addr_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
 {
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = target_to_arm(target);
+       struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
        struct breakpoint *breakpoint = NULL;
 
        uint32_t current_pc;
        int retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* current = 1: continue on current pc, otherwise continue at <address> */
        if (!current)
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
+               buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
 
-       current_pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+       current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* if we're at the reset vector, we have to simulate the step */
-       if (current_pc == 0x0)
-       {
-               if ((retval = arm_simulate_step(target, NULL)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if (current_pc == 0x0) {
+               retval = arm_simulate_step(target, NULL);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-               current_pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+               current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
+               LOG_DEBUG("current pc %" PRIx32, current_pc);
 
                target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP;
                target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
@@ -1454,19 +1409,19 @@ static int xscale_step(struct target *target, int current,
        /* the front-end may request us not to handle breakpoints */
        if (handle_breakpoints)
                breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target,
-                               buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32));
-       if (breakpoint != NULL) {
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+       if (breakpoint) {
                retval = xscale_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
                if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
 
        retval = xscale_step_inner(target, current, address, handle_breakpoints);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        if (breakpoint)
-       {
                xscale_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
-       }
 
        LOG_DEBUG("target stepped");
 
@@ -1478,13 +1433,26 @@ static int xscale_assert_reset(struct target *target)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
+       /* TODO: apply hw reset signal in not examined state */
+       if (!(target_was_examined(target))) {
+               LOG_WARNING("Reset is not asserted because the target is not examined.");
+               LOG_WARNING("Use a reset button or power cycle the target.");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_EXAMINED;
+       }
+
        LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s",
-                 target_state_name(target));
+               target_state_name(target));
+
+       /* assert reset */
+       jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
+
+       /* sleep 1ms, to be sure we fulfill any requirements */
+       jtag_add_sleep(1000);
+       jtag_execute_queue();
 
        /* select DCSR instruction (set endstate to R-T-I to ensure we don't
         * end up in T-L-R, which would reset JTAG
         */
-       jtag_set_end_state(TAP_IDLE);
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap,
                XSCALE_SELDCSR << xscale->xscale_variant,
                TAP_IDLE);
@@ -1498,21 +1466,13 @@ static int xscale_assert_reset(struct target *target)
        xscale_jtag_set_instr(target->tap, ~0, TAP_IDLE);
        jtag_execute_queue();
 
-       /* assert reset */
-       jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
-
-       /* sleep 1ms, to be sure we fulfill any requirements */
-       jtag_add_sleep(1000);
-       jtag_execute_queue();
-
        target->state = TARGET_RESET;
 
-    if (target->reset_halt)
-    {
-       int retval;
-               if ((retval = target_halt(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if (target->reset_halt) {
+               int retval = target_halt(target);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-    }
+       }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -1533,16 +1493,16 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
        xscale->dbr1_used = 0;
 
        /* mark all hardware breakpoints as unset */
-       while (breakpoint)
-       {
+       while (breakpoint) {
                if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-               {
-                       breakpoint->set = 0;
-               }
+                       breakpoint->is_set = false;
                breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
        }
 
-       register_cache_invalidate(xscale->armv4_5_common.core_cache);
+       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
+       xscale_free_trace_data(xscale);
+
+       register_cache_invalidate(xscale->arm.core_cache);
 
        /* FIXME mark hardware watchpoints got unset too.  Also,
         * at least some of the XScale registers are invalid...
@@ -1579,10 +1539,9 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
                 * coprocessors, trace data, etc.
                 */
                address = xscale->handler_address;
-               for (unsigned binary_size = sizeof xscale_debug_handler - 1;
-                               binary_size > 0;
-                               binary_size -= buf_cnt, buffer += buf_cnt)
-               {
+               for (unsigned binary_size = sizeof(xscale_debug_handler);
+                       binary_size > 0;
+                       binary_size -= buf_cnt, buffer += buf_cnt) {
                        uint32_t cache_line[8];
                        unsigned i;
 
@@ -1590,20 +1549,16 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
                        if (buf_cnt > 32)
                                buf_cnt = 32;
 
-                       for (i = 0; i < buf_cnt; i += 4)
-                       {
+                       for (i = 0; i < buf_cnt; i += 4) {
                                /* convert LE buffer to host-endian uint32_t */
                                cache_line[i / 4] = le_to_h_u32(&buffer[i]);
                        }
 
                        for (; i < 32; i += 4)
-                       {
                                cache_line[i / 4] = 0xe1a08008;
-                       }
 
                        /* only load addresses other than the reset vectors */
-                       if ((address % 0x400) != 0x0)
-                       {
+                       if ((address % 0x400) != 0x0) {
                                retval = xscale_load_ic(target, address,
                                                cache_line);
                                if (retval != ERROR_OK)
@@ -1611,14 +1566,14 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
                        }
 
                        address += buf_cnt;
-               };
+               }
 
                retval = xscale_load_ic(target, 0x0,
-                                       xscale->low_vectors);
+                               xscale->low_vectors);
                if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
                retval = xscale_load_ic(target, 0xffff0000,
-                                       xscale->high_vectors);
+                               xscale->high_vectors);
                if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
@@ -1635,8 +1590,7 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
                xscale_write_dcsr(target, 0, 1);
                target->state = TARGET_RUNNING;
 
-               if (!target->reset_halt)
-               {
+               if (!target->reset_halt) {
                        jtag_add_sleep(10000);
 
                        /* we should have entered debug now */
@@ -1652,7 +1606,7 @@ static int xscale_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
 }
 
 static int xscale_read_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
-               int num, enum arm_mode mode)
+       int num, enum arm_mode mode)
 {
        /** \todo add debug handler support for core register reads */
        LOG_ERROR("not implemented");
@@ -1660,7 +1614,7 @@ static int xscale_read_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
 }
 
 static int xscale_write_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
-               int num, enum arm_mode mode, uint32_t value)
+       int num, enum arm_mode mode, uint8_t *value)
 {
        /** \todo add debug handler support for core register writes */
        LOG_ERROR("not implemented");
@@ -1669,7 +1623,7 @@ static int xscale_write_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
 
 static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
 {
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = target_to_arm(target);
+       struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
 
        uint32_t *buffer;
 
@@ -1677,8 +1631,7 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
@@ -1689,8 +1642,7 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
         * we can't enter User mode on an XScale (unpredictable),
         * but User shares registers with SYS
         */
-       for (i = 1; i < 7; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 1; i < 7; i++) {
                enum arm_mode mode = armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                bool valid = true;
                struct reg *r;
@@ -1700,10 +1652,9 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
 
                /* check if there are invalid registers in the current mode
                 */
-               for (j = 0; valid && j <= 16; j++)
-               {
-                       if (!ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
-                                       mode, j).valid)
+               for (j = 0; valid && j <= 16; j++) {
+                       if (!ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                               mode, j).valid)
                                valid = false;
                }
                if (valid)
@@ -1720,7 +1671,7 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
                 */
                if (mode != ARM_MODE_SYS) {
                        /* SPSR */
-                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
+                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
                                        mode, 16);
 
                        xscale_receive(target, buffer, 8);
@@ -1728,14 +1679,12 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
                        buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, buffer[7]);
                        r->dirty = false;
                        r->valid = true;
-               } else {
+               } else
                        xscale_receive(target, buffer, 7);
-               }
 
                /* move data from buffer to register cache */
-               for (j = 8; j <= 14; j++)
-               {
-                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
+               for (j = 8; j <= 14; j++) {
+                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
                                        mode, j);
 
                        buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, buffer[j - 8]);
@@ -1751,12 +1700,11 @@ static int xscale_full_context(struct target *target)
 
 static int xscale_restore_banked(struct target *target)
 {
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = target_to_arm(target);
+       struct arm *arm = target_to_arm(target);
 
        int i, j;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
@@ -1766,8 +1714,7 @@ static int xscale_restore_banked(struct target *target)
         * USR mode (number 0) in favor of SYS; we can't enter User mode on
         * an XScale (unpredictable), but they share all registers.
         */
-       for (i = 1; i < 7; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 1; i < 7; i++) {
                enum arm_mode mode = armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                struct reg *r;
 
@@ -1775,18 +1722,16 @@ static int xscale_restore_banked(struct target *target)
                        continue;
 
                /* check if there are dirty registers in this mode */
-               for (j = 8; j <= 14; j++)
-               {
-                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
-                                       mode, j).dirty)
+               for (j = 8; j <= 14; j++) {
+                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                               mode, j).dirty)
                                goto dirty;
                }
 
                /* if not USR/SYS, check if the SPSR needs to be written */
-               if (mode != ARM_MODE_SYS)
-               {
-                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
-                                       mode, 16).dirty)
+               if (mode != ARM_MODE_SYS) {
+                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                               mode, 16).dirty)
                                goto dirty;
                }
 
@@ -1804,7 +1749,7 @@ dirty:
                 * but this protocol doesn't understand that nuance.
                 */
                for (j = 8; j <= 14; j++) {
-                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
+                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
                                        mode, j);
                        xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32));
                        r->dirty = false;
@@ -1812,7 +1757,7 @@ dirty:
 
                /* send spsr if not in USR/SYS mode */
                if (mode != ARM_MODE_SYS) {
-                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache,
+                       r = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
                                        mode, 16);
                        xscale_send_u32(target, buf_get_u32(r->value, 0, 32));
                        r->dirty = false;
@@ -1822,51 +1767,57 @@ dirty:
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
-               uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
+static int xscale_read_memory(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        uint32_t *buf32;
        uint32_t i;
        int retval;
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", size: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%8.8" PRIx32, address, size, count);
+       LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", size: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
+               address,
+               size,
+               count);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* sanitize arguments */
        if (((size != 4) && (size != 2) && (size != 1)) || (count == 0) || !(buffer))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        if (((size == 4) && (address & 0x3u)) || ((size == 2) && (address & 0x1u)))
                return ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS;
 
        /* send memory read request (command 0x1n, n: access size) */
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x10 | size)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x10 | size);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* send base address for read request */
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, address)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, address);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* send number of requested data words */
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, count)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, count);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* receive data from target (count times 32-bit words in host endianness) */
        buf32 = malloc(4 * count);
-       if ((retval = xscale_receive(target, buf32, count)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_receive(target, buf32, count);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
+               free(buf32);
                return retval;
+       }
 
        /* extract data from host-endian buffer into byte stream */
-       for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-       {
-               switch (size)
-               {
+       for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+               switch (size) {
                        case 4:
                                target_buffer_set_u32(target, buffer, buf32[i]);
                                buffer += 4;
@@ -1880,19 +1831,20 @@ static int xscale_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
                                break;
                        default:
                                LOG_ERROR("invalid read size");
-                               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+                               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
        }
 
        free(buf32);
 
        /* examine DCSR, to see if Sticky Abort (SA) got set */
-       if ((retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
-       if (buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 5, 1) == 1)
-       {
+       if (buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 5, 1) == 1) {
                /* clear SA bit */
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x60)) != ERROR_OK)
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x60);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
@@ -1901,8 +1853,8 @@ static int xscale_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_read_phys_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
-               uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
+static int xscale_read_phys_memory(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
@@ -1912,49 +1864,52 @@ static int xscale_read_phys_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 
        /** \todo: provide a non-stub implementation of this routine. */
        LOG_ERROR("%s: %s is not implemented.  Disable MMU?",
-                       target_name(target), __func__);
+               target_name(target), __func__);
        return ERROR_FAIL;
 }
 
-static int xscale_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
-               uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
+static int xscale_write_memory(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", size: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%8.8" PRIx32, address, size, count);
+       LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", size: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
+               address,
+               size,
+               count);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* sanitize arguments */
        if (((size != 4) && (size != 2) && (size != 1)) || (count == 0) || !(buffer))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        if (((size == 4) && (address & 0x3u)) || ((size == 2) && (address & 0x1u)))
                return ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS;
 
        /* send memory write request (command 0x2n, n: access size) */
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x20 | size)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x20 | size);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* send base address for read request */
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, address)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, address);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* send number of requested data words to be written*/
-       if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, count)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, count);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* extract data from host-endian buffer into byte stream */
 #if 0
-       for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-       {
-               switch (size)
-               {
+       for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+               switch (size) {
                        case 4:
                                value = target_buffer_get_u32(target, buffer);
                                xscale_send_u32(target, value);
@@ -1976,103 +1931,120 @@ static int xscale_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
                }
        }
 #endif
-       if ((retval = xscale_send(target, buffer, count, size)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_send(target, buffer, count, size);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        /* examine DCSR, to see if Sticky Abort (SA) got set */
-       if ((retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = xscale_read_dcsr(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
-       if (buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 5, 1) == 1)
-       {
+       if (buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 5, 1) == 1) {
                /* clear SA bit */
-               if ((retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x60)) != ERROR_OK)
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x60);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
+               LOG_ERROR("data abort writing memory");
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_write_phys_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
-               uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
+static int xscale_write_phys_memory(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
        /* with MMU inactive, there are only physical addresses */
        if (!xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled)
-               return xscale_read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
+               return xscale_write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 
        /** \todo: provide a non-stub implementation of this routine. */
        LOG_ERROR("%s: %s is not implemented.  Disable MMU?",
-                       target_name(target), __func__);
+               target_name(target), __func__);
        return ERROR_FAIL;
 }
 
-static int xscale_bulk_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
-               uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
-{
-       return xscale_write_memory(target, address, 4, count, buffer);
-}
-
-static uint32_t xscale_get_ttb(struct target *target)
+static int xscale_get_ttb(struct target *target, uint32_t *result)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        uint32_t ttb;
+       int retval;
 
-       xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_TTB]);
+       retval = xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_TTB]);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
        ttb = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_TTB].value, 0, 32);
 
-       return ttb;
+       *result = ttb;
+
+       return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static void xscale_disable_mmu_caches(struct target *target, int mmu,
-               int d_u_cache, int i_cache)
+static int xscale_disable_mmu_caches(struct target *target, int mmu,
+       int d_u_cache, int i_cache)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        uint32_t cp15_control;
+       int retval;
 
        /* read cp15 control register */
-       xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL]);
+       retval = xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL]);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
        cp15_control = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL].value, 0, 32);
 
        if (mmu)
                cp15_control &= ~0x1U;
 
-       if (d_u_cache)
-       {
+       if (d_u_cache) {
                /* clean DCache */
-               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x50);
-               xscale_send_u32(target, xscale->cache_clean_address);
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x50);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, xscale->cache_clean_address);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
 
                /* invalidate DCache */
-               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x51);
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x51);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
 
                cp15_control &= ~0x4U;
        }
 
-       if (i_cache)
-       {
+       if (i_cache) {
                /* invalidate ICache */
-               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x52);
+               retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x52);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
                cp15_control &= ~0x1000U;
        }
 
        /* write new cp15 control register */
-       xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL], cp15_control);
+       retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL], cp15_control);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        /* execute cpwait to ensure outstanding operations complete */
-       xscale_send_u32(target, 0x53);
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x53);
+       return retval;
 }
 
-static void xscale_enable_mmu_caches(struct target *target, int mmu,
-               int d_u_cache, int i_cache)
+static int xscale_enable_mmu_caches(struct target *target, int mmu,
+       int d_u_cache, int i_cache)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        uint32_t cp15_control;
+       int retval;
 
        /* read cp15 control register */
-       xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL]);
+       retval = xscale_get_reg(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL]);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
        cp15_control = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL].value, 0, 32);
 
        if (mmu)
@@ -2085,160 +2057,149 @@ static void xscale_enable_mmu_caches(struct target *target, int mmu,
                cp15_control |= 0x1000U;
 
        /* write new cp15 control register */
-       xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL], cp15_control);
+       retval = xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_CTRL], cp15_control);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        /* execute cpwait to ensure outstanding operations complete */
-       xscale_send_u32(target, 0x53);
+       retval = xscale_send_u32(target, 0x53);
+       return retval;
 }
 
 static int xscale_set_breakpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
+       struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
        int retval;
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (breakpoint->is_set) {
                LOG_WARNING("breakpoint already set");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-       {
+       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) {
                uint32_t value = breakpoint->address | 1;
-               if (!xscale->ibcr0_used)
-               {
+               if (!xscale->ibcr0_used) {
                        xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR0], value);
                        xscale->ibcr0_used = 1;
-                       breakpoint->set = 1;    /* breakpoint set on first breakpoint register */
-               }
-               else if (!xscale->ibcr1_used)
-               {
+                       /* breakpoint set on first breakpoint register */
+                       breakpoint_hw_set(breakpoint, 0);
+               } else if (!xscale->ibcr1_used) {
                        xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR1], value);
                        xscale->ibcr1_used = 1;
-                       breakpoint->set = 2;    /* breakpoint set on second breakpoint register */
-               }
-               else
-               {
+                       /* breakpoint set on second breakpoint register */
+                       breakpoint_hw_set(breakpoint, 1);
+               } else {/* bug: availability previously verified in xscale_add_breakpoint() */
                        LOG_ERROR("BUG: no hardware comparator available");
-                       return ERROR_OK;
+                       return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
                }
-       }
-       else if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->length == 4)
-               {
+       } else if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT) {
+               if (breakpoint->length == 4) {
                        /* keep the original instruction in target endianness */
-                       if ((retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1,
+                                       breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
-                       /* write the original instruction in target endianness (arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
-                       if ((retval = target_write_u32(target, breakpoint->address, xscale->arm_bkpt)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       /* write the bkpt instruction in target endianness
+                        *(arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
+                       retval = target_write_u32(target, breakpoint->address,
+                                       xscale->arm_bkpt);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
-               }
-               else
-               {
+               } else {
                        /* keep the original instruction in target endianness */
-                       if ((retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1,
+                                       breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
-                       /* write the original instruction in target endianness (arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
-                       if ((retval = target_write_u32(target, breakpoint->address, xscale->thumb_bkpt)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+                       /* write the bkpt instruction in target endianness
+                        *(arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
+                       retval = target_write_u16(target, breakpoint->address,
+                                       xscale->thumb_bkpt);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 1;
+               breakpoint->is_set = true;
+
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x50);  /* clean dcache */
+               xscale_send_u32(target, xscale->cache_clean_address);
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x51);  /* invalidate dcache */
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x52);  /* invalidate icache and flush fetch buffers */
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
 static int xscale_add_breakpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
+       struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if ((breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) && (xscale->ibcr_available < 1))
-       {
-               LOG_INFO("no breakpoint unit available for hardware breakpoint");
+       if ((breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) && (xscale->ibcr_available < 1)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("no breakpoint unit available for hardware breakpoint");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
-       if ((breakpoint->length != 2) && (breakpoint->length != 4))
-       {
-               LOG_INFO("only breakpoints of two (Thumb) or four (ARM) bytes length supported");
+       if ((breakpoint->length != 2) && (breakpoint->length != 4)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("only breakpoints of two (Thumb) or four (ARM) bytes length supported");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
        if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-       {
                xscale->ibcr_available--;
-       }
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return xscale_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
 }
 
 static int xscale_unset_breakpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
+       struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
        int retval;
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (!breakpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (!breakpoint->is_set) {
                LOG_WARNING("breakpoint not set");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->set == 1)
-               {
+       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) {
+               if (breakpoint->number == 0) {
                        xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR0], 0x0);
                        xscale->ibcr0_used = 0;
-               }
-               else if (breakpoint->set == 2)
-               {
+               } else if (breakpoint->number == 1) {
                        xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_IBCR1], 0x0);
                        xscale->ibcr1_used = 0;
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 0;
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               breakpoint->is_set = false;
+       } else {
                /* restore original instruction (kept in target endianness) */
-               if (breakpoint->length == 4)
-               {
-                       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+               if (breakpoint->length == 4) {
+                       retval = target_write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1,
+                                       breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
+               } else {
+                       retval = target_write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1,
+                                       breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
-                       }
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 0;
+               breakpoint->is_set = false;
+
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x50);  /* clean dcache */
+               xscale_send_u32(target, xscale->cache_clean_address);
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x51);  /* invalidate dcache */
+               xscale_send_u32(target, 0x52);  /* invalidate icache and flush fetch buffers */
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -2248,16 +2209,13 @@ static int xscale_remove_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *br
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               LOG_ERROR("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (breakpoint->is_set)
                xscale_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
-       }
 
        if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
                xscale->ibcr_available++;
@@ -2266,23 +2224,19 @@ static int xscale_remove_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *br
 }
 
 static int xscale_set_watchpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
+       struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       uint8_t enable = 0;
+       uint32_t enable = 0;
        struct reg *dbcon = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DBCON];
        uint32_t dbcon_value = buf_get_u32(dbcon->value, 0, 32);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               LOG_ERROR("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       xscale_get_reg(dbcon);
-
-       switch (watchpoint->rw)
-       {
+       switch (watchpoint->rw) {
                case WPT_READ:
                        enable = 0x3;
                        break;
@@ -2296,83 +2250,116 @@ static int xscale_set_watchpoint(struct target *target,
                        LOG_ERROR("BUG: watchpoint->rw neither read, write nor access");
        }
 
-       if (!xscale->dbr0_used)
-       {
+       /* For watchpoint across more than one word, both DBR registers must
+          be enlisted, with the second used as a mask. */
+       if (watchpoint->length > 4) {
+               if (xscale->dbr0_used || xscale->dbr1_used) {
+                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: sufficient hardware comparators unavailable");
+                       return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+               }
+
+               /* Write mask value to DBR1, based on the length argument.
+                * Address bits ignored by the comparator are those set in mask. */
+               xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DBR1],
+                       watchpoint->length - 1);
+               xscale->dbr1_used = 1;
+               enable |= 0x100;                /* DBCON[M] */
+       }
+
+       if (!xscale->dbr0_used) {
                xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DBR0], watchpoint->address);
                dbcon_value |= enable;
                xscale_set_reg_u32(dbcon, dbcon_value);
-               watchpoint->set = 1;
+               watchpoint_set(watchpoint, 0);
                xscale->dbr0_used = 1;
-       }
-       else if (!xscale->dbr1_used)
-       {
+       } else if (!xscale->dbr1_used) {
                xscale_set_reg_u32(&xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DBR1], watchpoint->address);
                dbcon_value |= enable << 2;
                xscale_set_reg_u32(dbcon, dbcon_value);
-               watchpoint->set = 2;
+               watchpoint_set(watchpoint, 1);
                xscale->dbr1_used = 1;
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                LOG_ERROR("BUG: no hardware comparator available");
-               return ERROR_OK;
+               return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
 static int xscale_add_watchpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
+       struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (xscale->dbr_available < 1)
-       {
+       if (xscale->dbr_available < 1) {
+               LOG_ERROR("no more watchpoint registers available");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
-       if ((watchpoint->length != 1) && (watchpoint->length != 2) && (watchpoint->length != 4))
-       {
+       if (watchpoint->value)
+               LOG_WARNING("xscale does not support value, mask arguments; ignoring");
+
+       /* check that length is a power of two */
+       for (uint32_t len = watchpoint->length; len != 1; len /= 2) {
+               if (len % 2) {
+                       LOG_ERROR("xscale requires that watchpoint length is a power of two");
+                       return ERROR_COMMAND_ARGUMENT_INVALID;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (watchpoint->length == 4) {  /* single word watchpoint */
+               xscale->dbr_available--;/* one DBR reg used */
+               return ERROR_OK;
+       }
+
+       /* watchpoints across multiple words require both DBR registers */
+       if (xscale->dbr_available < 2) {
+               LOG_ERROR("insufficient watchpoint registers available");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
-       xscale->dbr_available--;
+       if (watchpoint->length > watchpoint->address) {
+               LOG_ERROR("xscale does not support watchpoints with length "
+                       "greater than address");
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_ARGUMENT_INVALID;
+       }
 
+       xscale->dbr_available = 0;
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
 static int xscale_unset_watchpoint(struct target *target,
-               struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
+       struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        struct reg *dbcon = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DBCON];
        uint32_t dbcon_value = buf_get_u32(dbcon->value, 0, 32);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (!watchpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (!watchpoint->is_set) {
                LOG_WARNING("breakpoint not set");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (watchpoint->set == 1)
-       {
-               dbcon_value &= ~0x3;
+       if (watchpoint->number == 0) {
+               if (watchpoint->length > 4) {
+                       dbcon_value &= ~0x103;  /* clear DBCON[M] as well */
+                       xscale->dbr1_used = 0;  /* DBR1 was used for mask */
+               } else
+                       dbcon_value &= ~0x3;
+
                xscale_set_reg_u32(dbcon, dbcon_value);
                xscale->dbr0_used = 0;
-       }
-       else if (watchpoint->set == 2)
-       {
+       } else if (watchpoint->number == 1) {
                dbcon_value &= ~0xc;
                xscale_set_reg_u32(dbcon, dbcon_value);
                xscale->dbr1_used = 0;
        }
-       watchpoint->set = 0;
+       watchpoint->is_set = false;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -2381,16 +2368,16 @@ static int xscale_remove_watchpoint(struct target *target, struct watchpoint *wa
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               LOG_ERROR("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (watchpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (watchpoint->is_set)
                xscale_unset_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
-       }
+
+       if (watchpoint->length > 4)
+               xscale->dbr_available++;/* both DBR regs now available */
 
        xscale->dbr_available++;
 
@@ -2405,27 +2392,18 @@ static int xscale_get_reg(struct reg *reg)
 
        /* DCSR, TX and RX are accessible via JTAG */
        if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_DCSR") == 0)
-       {
                return xscale_read_dcsr(arch_info->target);
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TX") == 0)
-       {
+       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TX") == 0) {
                /* 1 = consume register content */
                return xscale_read_tx(arch_info->target, 1);
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_RX") == 0)
-       {
+       } else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_RX") == 0) {
                /* can't read from RX register (host -> debug handler) */
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TXRXCTRL") == 0)
-       {
+       } else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TXRXCTRL") == 0) {
                /* can't (explicitly) read from TXRXCTRL register */
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-       else /* Other DBG registers have to be transfered by the debug handler */
-       {
-               /* send CP read request (command 0x40) */
+       } else {/* Other DBG registers have to be transferred by the debug handler
+                * send CP read request (command 0x40) */
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x40);
 
                /* send CP register number */
@@ -2435,14 +2413,14 @@ static int xscale_get_reg(struct reg *reg)
                xscale_read_tx(target, 1);
                buf_cpy(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_TX].value, reg->value, 32);
 
-               reg->dirty = 0;
-               reg->valid = 1;
+               reg->dirty = false;
+               reg->valid = true;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_set_reg(struct reg *reg, uint8_tbuf)
+static int xscale_set_reg(struct reg *reg, uint8_t *buf)
 {
        struct xscale_reg *arch_info = reg->arch_info;
        struct target *target = arch_info->target;
@@ -2450,29 +2428,20 @@ static int xscale_set_reg(struct reg *reg, uint8_t* buf)
        uint32_t value = buf_get_u32(buf, 0, 32);
 
        /* DCSR, TX and RX are accessible via JTAG */
-       if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_DCSR") == 0)
-       {
+       if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_DCSR") == 0) {
                buf_set_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 0, 32, value);
                return xscale_write_dcsr(arch_info->target, -1, -1);
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_RX") == 0)
-       {
+       } else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_RX") == 0) {
                buf_set_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_RX].value, 0, 32, value);
                return xscale_write_rx(arch_info->target);
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TX") == 0)
-       {
+       } else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TX") == 0) {
                /* can't write to TX register (debug-handler -> host) */
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-       else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TXRXCTRL") == 0)
-       {
+       } else if (strcmp(reg->name, "XSCALE_TXRXCTRL") == 0) {
                /* can't (explicitly) write to TXRXCTRL register */
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-       else /* Other DBG registers have to be transfered by the debug handler */
-       {
-               /* send CP write request (command 0x41) */
+       } else {/* Other DBG registers have to be transferred by the debug handler
+                * send CP write request (command 0x41) */
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x41);
 
                /* send CP register number */
@@ -2508,7 +2477,7 @@ static int xscale_write_dcsr_sw(struct target *target, uint32_t value)
 static int xscale_read_trace(struct target *target)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
        struct xscale_trace_data **trace_data_p;
 
        /* 258 words from debug handler
@@ -2518,9 +2487,9 @@ static int xscale_read_trace(struct target *target)
        uint32_t trace_buffer[258];
        int is_address[256];
        int i, j;
+       unsigned int num_checkpoints = 0;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target must be stopped to read trace data");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
@@ -2532,48 +2501,64 @@ static int xscale_read_trace(struct target *target)
        xscale_receive(target, trace_buffer, 258);
 
        /* parse buffer backwards to identify address entries */
-       for (i = 255; i >= 0; i--)
-       {
+       for (i = 255; i >= 0; i--) {
+               /* also count number of checkpointed entries */
+               if ((trace_buffer[i] & 0xe0) == 0xc0)
+                       num_checkpoints++;
+
                is_address[i] = 0;
                if (((trace_buffer[i] & 0xf0) == 0x90) ||
-                       ((trace_buffer[i] & 0xf0) == 0xd0))
-               {
-                       if (i >= 3)
+                       ((trace_buffer[i] & 0xf0) == 0xd0)) {
+                       if (i > 0)
                                is_address[--i] = 1;
-                       if (i >= 2)
+                       if (i > 0)
                                is_address[--i] = 1;
-                       if (i >= 1)
+                       if (i > 0)
                                is_address[--i] = 1;
-                       if (i >= 0)
+                       if (i > 0)
                                is_address[--i] = 1;
                }
        }
 
 
-       /* search first non-zero entry */
+       /* search first non-zero entry that is not part of an address */
        for (j = 0; (j < 256) && (trace_buffer[j] == 0) && (!is_address[j]); j++)
                ;
 
-       if (j == 256)
-       {
+       if (j == 256) {
                LOG_DEBUG("no trace data collected");
                return ERROR_XSCALE_NO_TRACE_DATA;
        }
 
-       for (trace_data_p = &xscale->trace.data; *trace_data_p; trace_data_p = &(*trace_data_p)->next)
+       /* account for possible partial address at buffer start (wrap mode only) */
+       if (is_address[0]) {    /* first entry is address; complete set of 4? */
+               i = 1;
+               while (i < 4)
+                       if (!is_address[i++])
+                               break;
+               if (i < 4)
+                       j += i;         /* partial address; can't use it */
+       }
+
+       /* if first valid entry is indirect branch, can't use that either (no address) */
+       if (((trace_buffer[j] & 0xf0) == 0x90) || ((trace_buffer[j] & 0xf0) == 0xd0))
+               j++;
+
+       /* walk linked list to terminating entry */
+       for (trace_data_p = &xscale->trace.data; *trace_data_p;
+               trace_data_p = &(*trace_data_p)->next)
                ;
 
        *trace_data_p = malloc(sizeof(struct xscale_trace_data));
        (*trace_data_p)->next = NULL;
        (*trace_data_p)->chkpt0 = trace_buffer[256];
        (*trace_data_p)->chkpt1 = trace_buffer[257];
-       (*trace_data_p)->last_instruction =
-                       buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
+       (*trace_data_p)->last_instruction = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
        (*trace_data_p)->entries = malloc(sizeof(struct xscale_trace_entry) * (256 - j));
        (*trace_data_p)->depth = 256 - j;
+       (*trace_data_p)->num_checkpoints = num_checkpoints;
 
-       for (i = j; i < 256; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = j; i < 256; i++) {
                (*trace_data_p)->entries[i - j].data = trace_buffer[i];
                if (is_address[i])
                        (*trace_data_p)->entries[i - j].type = XSCALE_TRACE_ADDRESS;
@@ -2584,11 +2569,10 @@ static int xscale_read_trace(struct target *target)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_read_instruction(struct target *target,
-               struct arm_instruction *instruction)
+static int xscale_read_instruction(struct target *target, uint32_t pc,
+       struct arm_instruction *instruction)
 {
-       struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       int i;
+       struct xscale_common *const xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int section = -1;
        size_t size_read;
        uint32_t opcode;
@@ -2598,50 +2582,43 @@ static int xscale_read_instruction(struct target *target,
                return ERROR_TRACE_IMAGE_UNAVAILABLE;
 
        /* search for the section the current instruction belongs to */
-       for (i = 0; i < xscale->trace.image->num_sections; i++)
-       {
-               if ((xscale->trace.image->sections[i].base_address <= xscale->trace.current_pc) &&
-                       (xscale->trace.image->sections[i].base_address + xscale->trace.image->sections[i].size > xscale->trace.current_pc))
-               {
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < xscale->trace.image->num_sections; i++) {
+               if ((xscale->trace.image->sections[i].base_address <= pc) &&
+                       (xscale->trace.image->sections[i].base_address +
+                       xscale->trace.image->sections[i].size > pc)) {
                        section = i;
                        break;
                }
        }
 
-       if (section == -1)
-       {
+       if (section == -1) {
                /* current instruction couldn't be found in the image */
                return ERROR_TRACE_INSTRUCTION_UNAVAILABLE;
        }
 
-       if (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM)
-       {
+       if (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) {
                uint8_t buf[4];
-               if ((retval = image_read_section(xscale->trace.image, section,
-                       xscale->trace.current_pc - xscale->trace.image->sections[section].base_address,
-                       4, buf, &size_read)) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
-                       LOG_ERROR("error while reading instruction: %i", retval);
+               retval = image_read_section(xscale->trace.image, section,
+                               pc - xscale->trace.image->sections[section].base_address,
+                               4, buf, &size_read);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
+                       LOG_ERROR("error while reading instruction");
                        return ERROR_TRACE_INSTRUCTION_UNAVAILABLE;
                }
                opcode = target_buffer_get_u32(target, buf);
-               arm_evaluate_opcode(opcode, xscale->trace.current_pc, instruction);
-       }
-       else if (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB)
-       {
+               arm_evaluate_opcode(opcode, pc, instruction);
+       } else if (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB) {
                uint8_t buf[2];
-               if ((retval = image_read_section(xscale->trace.image, section,
-                       xscale->trace.current_pc - xscale->trace.image->sections[section].base_address,
-                       2, buf, &size_read)) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
-                       LOG_ERROR("error while reading instruction: %i", retval);
+               retval = image_read_section(xscale->trace.image, section,
+                               pc - xscale->trace.image->sections[section].base_address,
+                               2, buf, &size_read);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
+                       LOG_ERROR("error while reading instruction");
                        return ERROR_TRACE_INSTRUCTION_UNAVAILABLE;
                }
                opcode = target_buffer_get_u16(target, buf);
-               thumb_evaluate_opcode(opcode, xscale->trace.current_pc, instruction);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               thumb_evaluate_opcode(opcode, pc, instruction);
+       } else {
                LOG_ERROR("BUG: unknown core state encountered");
                exit(-1);
        }
@@ -2649,53 +2626,69 @@ static int xscale_read_instruction(struct target *target,
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static int xscale_branch_address(struct xscale_trace_data *trace_data,
-               int i, uint32_t *target)
+/* Extract address encoded into trace data.
+ * Write result to address referenced by argument 'target', or 0 if incomplete.  */
+static inline void xscale_branch_address(struct xscale_trace_data *trace_data,
+       int i, uint32_t *target)
 {
        /* if there are less than four entries prior to the indirect branch message
         * we can't extract the address */
        if (i < 4)
-       {
-               return -1;
+               *target = 0;
+       else {
+               *target = (trace_data->entries[i-1].data) | (trace_data->entries[i-2].data << 8) |
+                       (trace_data->entries[i-3].data << 16) | (trace_data->entries[i-4].data << 24);
        }
+}
 
-       *target = (trace_data->entries[i-1].data) | (trace_data->entries[i-2].data << 8) |
-                               (trace_data->entries[i-3].data << 16) | (trace_data->entries[i-4].data << 24);
-
-       return 0;
+static inline void xscale_display_instruction(struct target *target, uint32_t pc,
+       struct arm_instruction *instruction,
+       struct command_invocation *cmd)
+{
+       int retval = xscale_read_instruction(target, pc, instruction);
+       if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+               command_print(cmd, "%s", instruction->text);
+       else
+               command_print(cmd, "0x%8.8" PRIx32 "\t<not found in image>", pc);
 }
 
-static int xscale_analyze_trace(struct target *target, struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
+static int xscale_analyze_trace(struct target *target, struct command_invocation *cmd)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       int next_pc_ok = 0;
-       uint32_t next_pc = 0x0;
        struct xscale_trace_data *trace_data = xscale->trace.data;
-       int retval;
+       int i, retval;
+       uint32_t breakpoint_pc = 0;
+       struct arm_instruction instruction;
+       uint32_t current_pc = 0;/* initialized when address determined */
 
-       while (trace_data)
-       {
-               int i, chkpt;
-               int rollover;
-               int branch;
-               int exception;
+       if (!xscale->trace.image)
+               LOG_WARNING("No trace image loaded; use 'xscale trace_image'");
+
+       /* loop for each trace buffer that was loaded from target */
+       while (trace_data) {
+               int chkpt = 0;  /* incremented as checkpointed entries found */
+               int j;
+
+               /* FIXME: set this to correct mode when trace buffer is first enabled */
                xscale->trace.core_state = ARM_STATE_ARM;
 
-               chkpt = 0;
-               rollover = 0;
+               /* loop for each entry in this trace buffer */
+               for (i = 0; i < trace_data->depth; i++) {
+                       int exception = 0;
+                       uint32_t chkpt_reg = 0x0;
+                       uint32_t branch_target = 0;
+                       int count;
 
-               for (i = 0; i < trace_data->depth; i++)
-               {
-                       next_pc_ok = 0;
-                       branch = 0;
-                       exception = 0;
+                       /* trace entry type is upper nybble of 'message byte' */
+                       int trace_msg_type = (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 4;
 
+                       /* Target addresses of indirect branches are written into buffer
+                        * before the message byte representing the branch. Skip past it */
                        if (trace_data->entries[i].type == XSCALE_TRACE_ADDRESS)
                                continue;
 
-                       switch ((trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 4)
-                       {
-                               case 0:         /* Exceptions */
+                       switch (trace_msg_type) {
+                               case 0: /* Exceptions */
                                case 1:
                                case 2:
                                case 3:
@@ -2704,149 +2697,155 @@ static int xscale_analyze_trace(struct target *target, struct command_context *c
                                case 6:
                                case 7:
                                        exception = (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0x70) >> 4;
-                                       next_pc_ok = 1;
-                                       next_pc = (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 2;
-                                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "--- exception %i ---", (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 4);
+
+                                       /* FIXME: vector table may be at ffff0000 */
+                                       branch_target = (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 2;
                                        break;
-                               case 8:         /* Direct Branch */
-                                       branch = 1;
+
+                               case 8: /* Direct Branch */
                                        break;
-                               case 9:         /* Indirect Branch */
-                                       branch = 1;
-                                       if (xscale_branch_address(trace_data, i, &next_pc) == 0)
-                                       {
-                                               next_pc_ok = 1;
-                                       }
+
+                               case 9: /* Indirect Branch */
+                                       xscale_branch_address(trace_data, i, &branch_target);
                                        break;
+
                                case 13:        /* Checkpointed Indirect Branch */
-                                       if (xscale_branch_address(trace_data, i, &next_pc) == 0)
-                                       {
-                                               next_pc_ok = 1;
-                                               if (((chkpt == 0) && (next_pc != trace_data->chkpt0))
-                                                       || ((chkpt == 1) && (next_pc != trace_data->chkpt1)))
-                                                       LOG_WARNING("checkpointed indirect branch target address doesn't match checkpoint");
-                                       }
-                                       /* explicit fall-through */
+                                       xscale_branch_address(trace_data, i, &branch_target);
+                                       if ((trace_data->num_checkpoints == 2) && (chkpt == 0))
+                                               chkpt_reg = trace_data->chkpt1; /* 2 chkpts, this is
+                                                                                *oldest */
+                                       else
+                                               chkpt_reg = trace_data->chkpt0; /* 1 chkpt, or 2 and
+                                                                                *newest */
+
+                                       chkpt++;
+                                       break;
+
                                case 12:        /* Checkpointed Direct Branch */
-                                       branch = 1;
-                                       if (chkpt == 0)
-                                       {
-                                               next_pc_ok = 1;
-                                               next_pc = trace_data->chkpt0;
-                                               chkpt++;
-                                       }
-                                       else if (chkpt == 1)
-                                       {
-                                               next_pc_ok = 1;
-                                               next_pc = trace_data->chkpt0;
-                                               chkpt++;
-                                       }
+                                       if ((trace_data->num_checkpoints == 2) && (chkpt == 0))
+                                               chkpt_reg = trace_data->chkpt1; /* 2 chkpts, this is
+                                                                                *oldest */
                                        else
-                                       {
-                                               LOG_WARNING("more than two checkpointed branches encountered");
-                                       }
+                                               chkpt_reg = trace_data->chkpt0; /* 1 chkpt, or 2 and
+                                                                                *newest */
+
+                                       /* if no current_pc, checkpoint will be starting point */
+                                       if (current_pc == 0)
+                                               branch_target = chkpt_reg;
+
+                                       chkpt++;
+                                       break;
+
+                               case 15:/* Roll-over */
                                        break;
-                               case 15:        /* Roll-over */
-                                       rollover++;
+
+                               default:/* Reserved */
+                                       LOG_WARNING("trace is suspect: invalid trace message byte");
                                        continue;
-                               default:        /* Reserved */
-                                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "--- reserved trace message ---");
-                                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: trace message %i is reserved", (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf0) >> 4);
-                                       return ERROR_OK;
-                       }
 
-                       if (xscale->trace.pc_ok)
-                       {
-                               int executed = (trace_data->entries[i].data & 0xf) + rollover * 16;
-                               struct arm_instruction instruction;
+                       }
 
-                               if ((exception == 6) || (exception == 7))
-                               {
-                                       /* IRQ or FIQ exception, no instruction executed */
-                                       executed -= 1;
-                               }
+                       /* If we don't have the current_pc yet, but we did get the branch target
+                        * (either from the trace buffer on indirect branch, or from a checkpoint reg),
+                        * then we can start displaying instructions at the next iteration, with
+                        * branch_target as the starting point.
+                        */
+                       if (current_pc == 0) {
+                               current_pc = branch_target;     /* remains 0 unless branch_target *obtained */
+                               continue;
+                       }
 
-                               while (executed-- >= 0)
-                               {
-                                       if ((retval = xscale_read_instruction(target, &instruction)) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       {
-                                               /* can't continue tracing with no image available */
-                                               if (retval == ERROR_TRACE_IMAGE_UNAVAILABLE)
-                                               {
-                                                       return retval;
-                                               }
-                                               else if (retval == ERROR_TRACE_INSTRUCTION_UNAVAILABLE)
-                                               {
-                                                       /* TODO: handle incomplete images */
-                                               }
-                                       }
-
-                                       /* a precise abort on a load to the PC is included in the incremental
-                                        * word count, other instructions causing data aborts are not included
-                                        */
-                                       if ((executed == 0) && (exception == 4)
-                                               && ((instruction.type >= ARM_LDR) && (instruction.type <= ARM_LDM)))
-                                       {
-                                               if ((instruction.type == ARM_LDM)
-                                                       && ((instruction.info.load_store_multiple.register_list & 0x8000) == 0))
-                                               {
-                                                       executed--;
-                                               }
-                                               else if (((instruction.type >= ARM_LDR) && (instruction.type <= ARM_LDRSH))
-                                                       && (instruction.info.load_store.Rd != 15))
-                                               {
-                                                       executed--;
-                                               }
-                                       }
-
-                                       /* only the last instruction executed
-                                        * (the one that caused the control flow change)
-                                        * could be a taken branch
-                                        */
-                                       if (((executed == -1) && (branch == 1)) &&
-                                               (((instruction.type == ARM_B) ||
-                                                       (instruction.type == ARM_BL) ||
-                                                       (instruction.type == ARM_BLX)) &&
-                                                       (instruction.info.b_bl_bx_blx.target_address != 0xffffffff)))
-                                       {
-                                               xscale->trace.current_pc = instruction.info.b_bl_bx_blx.target_address;
-                                       }
-                                       else
-                                       {
-                                               xscale->trace.current_pc += (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2;
-                                       }
-                                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "%s", instruction.text);
-                               }
+                       /* We have current_pc.  Read and display the instructions from the image.
+                        * First, display count instructions (lower nybble of message byte). */
+                       count = trace_data->entries[i].data & 0x0f;
+                       for (j = 0; j < count; j++) {
+                               xscale_display_instruction(target, current_pc, &instruction,
+                                       cmd);
+                               current_pc += xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM ? 4 : 2;
+                       }
 
-                               rollover = 0;
+                       /* An additional instruction is implicitly added to count for
+                        * rollover and some exceptions: undef, swi, prefetch abort. */
+                       if ((trace_msg_type == 15) || (exception > 0 && exception < 4)) {
+                               xscale_display_instruction(target, current_pc, &instruction,
+                                       cmd);
+                               current_pc += xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM ? 4 : 2;
                        }
 
-                       if (next_pc_ok)
-                       {
-                               xscale->trace.current_pc = next_pc;
-                               xscale->trace.pc_ok = 1;
+                       if (trace_msg_type == 15)       /* rollover */
+                               continue;
+
+                       if (exception) {
+                               command_print(cmd, "--- exception %i ---", exception);
+                               continue;
                        }
-               }
 
-               for (; xscale->trace.current_pc < trace_data->last_instruction; xscale->trace.current_pc += (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2)
-               {
-                       struct arm_instruction instruction;
-                       if ((retval = xscale_read_instruction(target, &instruction)) != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
-                               /* can't continue tracing with no image available */
-                               if (retval == ERROR_TRACE_IMAGE_UNAVAILABLE)
-                               {
-                                       return retval;
-                               }
-                               else if (retval == ERROR_TRACE_INSTRUCTION_UNAVAILABLE)
-                               {
-                                       /* TODO: handle incomplete images */
+                       /* not exception or rollover; next instruction is a branch and is
+                        * not included in the count */
+                       xscale_display_instruction(target, current_pc, &instruction, cmd);
+
+                       /* for direct branches, extract branch destination from instruction */
+                       if ((trace_msg_type == 8) || (trace_msg_type == 12)) {
+                               retval = xscale_read_instruction(target, current_pc, &instruction);
+                               if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+                                       current_pc = instruction.info.b_bl_bx_blx.target_address;
+                               else
+                                       current_pc = 0; /* branch destination unknown */
+
+                               /* direct branch w/ checkpoint; can also get from checkpoint reg */
+                               if (trace_msg_type == 12) {
+                                       if (current_pc == 0)
+                                               current_pc = chkpt_reg;
+                                       else if (current_pc != chkpt_reg)       /* sanity check */
+                                               LOG_WARNING("trace is suspect: checkpoint register "
+                                                       "inconsistent with address from image");
                                }
+
+                               if (current_pc == 0)
+                                       command_print(cmd, "address unknown");
+
+                               continue;
                        }
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "%s", instruction.text);
-               }
 
+                       /* indirect branch; the branch destination was read from trace buffer */
+                       if ((trace_msg_type == 9) || (trace_msg_type == 13)) {
+                               current_pc = branch_target;
+
+                               /* sanity check (checkpoint reg is redundant) */
+                               if ((trace_msg_type == 13) && (chkpt_reg != branch_target))
+                                       LOG_WARNING("trace is suspect: checkpoint register "
+                                               "inconsistent with address from trace buffer");
+                       }
+
+               }       /* END: for (i = 0; i < trace_data->depth; i++) */
+
+               breakpoint_pc = trace_data->last_instruction;   /* used below */
                trace_data = trace_data->next;
+
+       }       /* END: while (trace_data) */
+
+       /* Finally... display all instructions up to the value of the pc when the
+        * debug break occurred (saved when trace data was collected from target).
+        * This is necessary because the trace only records execution branches and 16
+        * consecutive instructions (rollovers), so last few typically missed.
+        */
+       if (current_pc == 0)
+               return ERROR_OK;/* current_pc was never found */
+
+       /* how many instructions remaining? */
+       int gap_count = (breakpoint_pc - current_pc) /
+               (xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM ? 4 : 2);
+
+       /* should never be negative or over 16, but verify */
+       if (gap_count < 0 || gap_count > 16) {
+               LOG_WARNING("trace is suspect: excessive gap at end of trace");
+               return ERROR_OK;/* bail; large number or negative value no good */
+       }
+
+       /* display remaining instructions */
+       for (i = 0; i < gap_count; i++) {
+               xscale_display_instruction(target, current_pc, &instruction, cmd);
+               current_pc += xscale->trace.core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM ? 4 : 2;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
@@ -2860,13 +2859,13 @@ static const struct reg_arch_type xscale_reg_type = {
 static void xscale_build_reg_cache(struct target *target)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       struct arm *arm = &xscale->arm;
        struct reg_cache **cache_p = register_get_last_cache_p(&target->reg_cache);
        struct xscale_reg *arch_info = malloc(sizeof(xscale_reg_arch_info));
        int i;
        int num_regs = ARRAY_SIZE(xscale_reg_arch_info);
 
-       (*cache_p) = arm_build_reg_cache(target, armv4_5);
+       (*cache_p) = arm_build_reg_cache(target, arm);
 
        (*cache_p)->next = malloc(sizeof(struct reg_cache));
        cache_p = &(*cache_p)->next;
@@ -2874,18 +2873,18 @@ static void xscale_build_reg_cache(struct target *target)
        /* fill in values for the xscale reg cache */
        (*cache_p)->name = "XScale registers";
        (*cache_p)->next = NULL;
-       (*cache_p)->reg_list = malloc(num_regs * sizeof(struct reg));
+       (*cache_p)->reg_list = calloc(num_regs, sizeof(struct reg));
        (*cache_p)->num_regs = num_regs;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < num_regs; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 0; i < num_regs; i++) {
                (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].name = xscale_reg_list[i];
                (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].value = calloc(4, 1);
-               (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].dirty = 0;
-               (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].valid = 0;
+               (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].dirty = false;
+               (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].valid = false;
                (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].size = 32;
                (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].arch_info = &arch_info[i];
                (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].type = &xscale_reg_type;
+               (*cache_p)->reg_list[i].exist = true;
                arch_info[i] = xscale_reg_arch_info[i];
                arch_info[i].target = target;
        }
@@ -2893,52 +2892,49 @@ static void xscale_build_reg_cache(struct target *target)
        xscale->reg_cache = (*cache_p);
 }
 
+static void xscale_free_reg_cache(struct target *target)
+{
+       struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
+       struct reg_cache *cache = xscale->reg_cache;
+
+       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xscale_reg_arch_info); i++)
+               free(cache->reg_list[i].value);
+
+       free(cache->reg_list[0].arch_info);
+       free(cache->reg_list);
+       free(cache);
+
+       arm_free_reg_cache(&xscale->arm);
+}
+
 static int xscale_init_target(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
-               struct target *target)
+       struct target *target)
 {
        xscale_build_reg_cache(target);
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+static void xscale_deinit_target(struct target *target)
+{
+       struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
+
+       xscale_free_reg_cache(target);
+       free(xscale);
+}
+
 static int xscale_init_arch_info(struct target *target,
-               struct xscale_common *xscale, struct jtag_tap *tap, const char *variant)
+       struct xscale_common *xscale, struct jtag_tap *tap)
 {
-       struct arm *armv4_5;
+       struct arm *arm;
        uint32_t high_reset_branch, low_reset_branch;
        int i;
 
-       armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
+       arm = &xscale->arm;
 
-       /* store architecture specfic data */
+       /* store architecture specific data */
        xscale->common_magic = XSCALE_COMMON_MAGIC;
 
-       /* we don't really *need* a variant param ... */
-       if (variant) {
-               int ir_length = 0;
-
-               if (strcmp(variant, "pxa250") == 0
-                               || strcmp(variant, "pxa255") == 0
-                               || strcmp(variant, "pxa26x") == 0)
-                       ir_length = 5;
-               else if (strcmp(variant, "pxa27x") == 0
-                               || strcmp(variant, "ixp42x") == 0
-                               || strcmp(variant, "ixp45x") == 0
-                               || strcmp(variant, "ixp46x") == 0)
-                       ir_length = 7;
-               else if (strcmp(variant, "pxa3xx") == 0)
-                       ir_length = 11;
-               else
-                       LOG_WARNING("%s: unrecognized variant %s",
-                               tap->dotted_name, variant);
-
-               if (ir_length && ir_length != tap->ir_length) {
-                       LOG_WARNING("%s: IR length for %s is %d; fixing",
-                               tap->dotted_name, variant, ir_length);
-                       tap->ir_length = ir_length;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* PXA3xx shifts the JTAG instructions */
+       /* PXA3xx with 11 bit IR shifts the JTAG instructions */
        if (tap->ir_length == 11)
                xscale->xscale_variant = XSCALE_PXA3XX;
        else
@@ -2962,8 +2958,7 @@ static int xscale_init_arch_info(struct target *target,
        xscale->low_vectors[0] = ARMV4_5_B((low_reset_branch & 0xffffff), 0);
        xscale->high_vectors[0] = ARMV4_5_B((high_reset_branch & 0xffffff), 0);
 
-       for (i = 1; i <= 7; i++)
-       {
+       for (i = 1; i <= 7; i++) {
                xscale->low_vectors[i] = ARMV4_5_B(0xfffffe, 0);
                xscale->high_vectors[i] = ARMV4_5_B(0xfffffe, 0);
        }
@@ -2983,26 +2978,27 @@ static int xscale_init_arch_info(struct target *target,
        xscale->dbr1_used = 0;
 
        LOG_INFO("%s: hardware has 2 breakpoints and 2 watchpoints",
-                       target_name(target));
+               target_name(target));
 
        xscale->arm_bkpt = ARMV5_BKPT(0x0);
        xscale->thumb_bkpt = ARMV5_T_BKPT(0x0) & 0xffff;
 
        xscale->vector_catch = 0x1;
 
-       xscale->trace.capture_status = TRACE_IDLE;
        xscale->trace.data = NULL;
        xscale->trace.image = NULL;
-       xscale->trace.buffer_enabled = 0;
+       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
        xscale->trace.buffer_fill = 0;
+       xscale->trace.fill_counter = 0;
 
        /* prepare ARMv4/5 specific information */
-       armv4_5->arch_info = xscale;
-       armv4_5->read_core_reg = xscale_read_core_reg;
-       armv4_5->write_core_reg = xscale_write_core_reg;
-       armv4_5->full_context = xscale_full_context;
+       arm->arch_info = xscale;
+       arm->core_type = ARM_CORE_TYPE_STD;
+       arm->read_core_reg = xscale_read_core_reg;
+       arm->write_core_reg = xscale_write_core_reg;
+       arm->full_context = xscale_full_context;
 
-       arm_init_arch_info(target, armv4_5);
+       arm_init_arch_info(target, arm);
 
        xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.ctype = -1;
        xscale->armv4_5_mmu.get_ttb = xscale_get_ttb;
@@ -3020,7 +3016,7 @@ static int xscale_target_create(struct target *target, Jim_Interp *interp)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale;
 
-       if (sizeof xscale_debug_handler - 1 > 0x800) {
+       if (sizeof(xscale_debug_handler) > 0x800) {
                LOG_ERROR("debug_handler.bin: larger than 2kb");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
@@ -3029,8 +3025,7 @@ static int xscale_target_create(struct target *target, Jim_Interp *interp)
        if (!xscale)
                return ERROR_FAIL;
 
-       return xscale_init_arch_info(target, xscale, target->tap,
-                       target->variant);
+       return xscale_init_arch_info(target, xscale, target->tap);
 }
 
 COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_debug_handler_command)
@@ -3041,19 +3036,16 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_debug_handler_command)
        uint32_t handler_address;
 
        if (CMD_ARGC < 2)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("'xscale debug_handler <target#> <address>' command takes two required operands");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
-       if ((target = get_target(CMD_ARGV[0])) == NULL)
-       {
+       target = get_target(CMD_ARGV[0]);
+       if (!target) {
                LOG_ERROR("target '%s' not defined", CMD_ARGV[0]);
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
        xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
@@ -3061,12 +3053,10 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_debug_handler_command)
 
        if (((handler_address >= 0x800) && (handler_address <= 0x1fef800)) ||
                ((handler_address >= 0xfe000800) && (handler_address <= 0xfffff800)))
-       {
                xscale->handler_address = handler_address;
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("xscale debug_handler <address> must be between 0x800 and 0x1fef800 or between 0xfe000800 and 0xfffff800");
+       else {
+               LOG_ERROR(
+                       "xscale debug_handler <address> must be between 0x800 and 0x1fef800 or between 0xfe000800 and 0xfffff800");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
@@ -3081,31 +3071,24 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_cache_clean_address_command)
        uint32_t cache_clean_address;
 
        if (CMD_ARGC < 2)
-       {
                return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
-       }
 
        target = get_target(CMD_ARGV[0]);
-       if (target == NULL)
-       {
+       if (!target) {
                LOG_ERROR("target '%s' not defined", CMD_ARGV[0]);
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
        xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
        COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], cache_clean_address);
 
        if (cache_clean_address & 0xffff)
-       {
                LOG_ERROR("xscale cache_clean_address <address> must be 64kb aligned");
-       }
        else
-       {
                xscale->cache_clean_address = cache_clean_address;
-       }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3116,32 +3099,29 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_cache_info_command)
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       return armv4_5_handle_cache_info_command(CMD_CTX, &xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache);
+       return armv4_5_handle_cache_info_command(CMD, &xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache);
 }
 
 static int xscale_virt2phys(struct target *target,
-               uint32_t virtual, uint32_t *physical)
+       target_addr_t virtual, target_addr_t *physical)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       int type;
        uint32_t cb;
-       int domain;
-       uint32_t ap;
 
        if (xscale->common_magic != XSCALE_COMMON_MAGIC) {
                LOG_ERROR(xscale_not);
                return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
 
-       uint32_t ret = armv4_5_mmu_translate_va(target, &xscale->armv4_5_mmu, virtual, &type, &cb, &domain, &ap);
-       if (type == -1)
-       {
-               return ret;
-       }
+       uint32_t ret;
+       int retval = armv4_5_mmu_translate_va(target, &xscale->armv4_5_mmu,
+                       virtual, &cb, &ret);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
        *physical = ret;
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3150,8 +3130,7 @@ static int xscale_mmu(struct target *target, int *enabled)
 {
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
@@ -3165,18 +3144,16 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_mmu_command)
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               command_print(CMD, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (CMD_ARGC >= 1)
-       {
+       if (CMD_ARGC >= 1) {
                bool enable;
                COMMAND_PARSE_ENABLE(CMD_ARGV[0], enable);
                if (enable)
@@ -3186,7 +3163,8 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_mmu_command)
                xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled = enable;
        }
 
-       command_print(CMD_CTX, "mmu %s", (xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+       command_print(CMD, "mmu %s",
+               (xscale->armv4_5_mmu.mmu_enabled) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3196,21 +3174,19 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_idcache_command)
        struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
 
-       int retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       int retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               command_print(CMD, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
        bool icache = false;
        if (strcmp(CMD_NAME, "icache") == 0)
                icache = true;
-       if (CMD_ARGC >= 1)
-       {
+       if (CMD_ARGC >= 1) {
                bool enable;
                COMMAND_PARSE_ENABLE(CMD_ARGV[0], enable);
                if (icache) {
@@ -3229,36 +3205,73 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_idcache_command)
        }
 
        bool enabled = icache ?
-                                       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled :
-                                       xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled;
+               xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.i_cache_enabled :
+               xscale->armv4_5_mmu.armv4_5_cache.d_u_cache_enabled;
        const char *msg = enabled ? "enabled" : "disabled";
-       command_print(CMD_CTX, "%s %s", CMD_NAME, msg);
+       command_print(CMD, "%s %s", CMD_NAME, msg);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+static const struct {
+       char name[15];
+       unsigned mask;
+} vec_ids[] = {
+       { "fiq",                DCSR_TF, },
+       { "irq",                DCSR_TI, },
+       { "dabt",               DCSR_TD, },
+       { "pabt",               DCSR_TA, },
+       { "swi",                DCSR_TS, },
+       { "undef",              DCSR_TU, },
+       { "reset",              DCSR_TR, },
+};
+
 COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_vector_catch_command)
 {
        struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
+       uint32_t dcsr_value;
+       uint32_t catch = 0;
+       struct reg *dcsr_reg = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR];
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (CMD_ARGC < 1)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "usage: xscale vector_catch [mask]");
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u8, CMD_ARGV[0], xscale->vector_catch);
-               buf_set_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 16, 8, xscale->vector_catch);
+       if (CMD_ARGC > 0) {
+               if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
+                       if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "all") == 0) {
+                               catch = DCSR_TRAP_MASK;
+                               CMD_ARGC--;
+                       } else if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "none") == 0) {
+                               catch = 0;
+                               CMD_ARGC--;
+                       }
+               }
+               while (CMD_ARGC-- > 0) {
+                       unsigned i;
+                       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vec_ids); i++) {
+                               if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[CMD_ARGC], vec_ids[i].name))
+                                       continue;
+                               catch |= vec_ids[i].mask;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(vec_ids)) {
+                               LOG_ERROR("No vector '%s'", CMD_ARGV[CMD_ARGC]);
+                               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+                       }
+               }
+               buf_set_u32(dcsr_reg->value, 0, 32,
+                               (buf_get_u32(dcsr_reg->value, 0, 32) & ~DCSR_TRAP_MASK) | catch);
                xscale_write_dcsr(target, -1, -1);
        }
 
-       command_print(CMD_CTX, "vector catch mask: 0x%2.2x", xscale->vector_catch);
+       dcsr_value = buf_get_u32(dcsr_reg->value, 0, 32);
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vec_ids); i++) {
+               command_print(CMD, "%15s: %s", vec_ids[i].name,
+                       (dcsr_value & vec_ids[i].mask) ? "catch" : "ignore");
+       }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3271,28 +3284,32 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_vector_table_command)
        int err = 0;
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (CMD_ARGC == 0) /* print current settings */
-       {
+       if (CMD_ARGC == 0) {    /* print current settings */
                int idx;
 
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "active user-set static vectors:");
+               command_print(CMD, "active user-set static vectors:");
                for (idx = 1; idx < 8; idx++)
                        if (xscale->static_low_vectors_set & (1 << idx))
-                               command_print(CMD_CTX, "low  %d: 0x%" PRIx32, idx, xscale->static_low_vectors[idx]);
+                               command_print(CMD,
+                                       "low  %d: 0x%" PRIx32,
+                                       idx,
+                                       xscale->static_low_vectors[idx]);
                for (idx = 1; idx < 8; idx++)
                        if (xscale->static_high_vectors_set & (1 << idx))
-                               command_print(CMD_CTX, "high %d: 0x%" PRIx32, idx, xscale->static_high_vectors[idx]);
+                               command_print(CMD,
+                                       "high %d: 0x%" PRIx32,
+                                       idx,
+                                       xscale->static_high_vectors[idx]);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
        if (CMD_ARGC != 3)
                err = 1;
-       else
-       {
+       else {
                int idx;
                COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(int, CMD_ARGV[1], idx);
                uint32_t vec;
@@ -3301,22 +3318,18 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_vector_table_command)
                if (idx < 1 || idx >= 8)
                        err = 1;
 
-               if (!err && strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "low") == 0)
-               {
+               if (!err && strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "low") == 0) {
                        xscale->static_low_vectors_set |= (1<<idx);
                        xscale->static_low_vectors[idx] = vec;
-               }
-               else if (!err && (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "high") == 0))
-               {
+               } else if (!err && (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "high") == 0)) {
                        xscale->static_high_vectors_set |= (1<<idx);
                        xscale->static_high_vectors[idx] = vec;
-               }
-               else
+               } else
                        err = 1;
        }
 
        if (err)
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "usage: xscale vector_table <high|low> <index> <code>");
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3326,75 +3339,58 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_trace_buffer_command)
 {
        struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
-       struct arm *armv4_5 = &xscale->armv4_5_common;
        uint32_t dcsr_value;
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               command_print(CMD, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if ((CMD_ARGC >= 1) && (strcmp("enable", CMD_ARGV[0]) == 0))
-       {
-               struct xscale_trace_data *td, *next_td;
-               xscale->trace.buffer_enabled = 1;
-
-               /* free old trace data */
-               td = xscale->trace.data;
-               while (td)
-               {
-                       next_td = td->next;
-
-                       if (td->entries)
-                               free(td->entries);
-                       free(td);
-                       td = next_td;
+       if (CMD_ARGC >= 1) {
+               if (strcmp("enable", CMD_ARGV[0]) == 0)
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_WRAP; /* default */
+               else if (strcmp("disable", CMD_ARGV[0]) == 0)
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
+               else
+                       return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+       }
+
+       if (CMD_ARGC >= 2 && xscale->trace.mode != XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED) {
+               if (strcmp("fill", CMD_ARGV[1]) == 0) {
+                       int buffcount = 1;              /* default */
+                       if (CMD_ARGC >= 3)
+                               COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(int, CMD_ARGV[2], buffcount);
+                       if (buffcount < 1) {            /* invalid */
+                               command_print(CMD, "fill buffer count must be > 0");
+                               xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
+                               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+                       }
+                       xscale->trace.buffer_fill = buffcount;
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_FILL;
+               } else if (strcmp("wrap", CMD_ARGV[1]) == 0)
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_WRAP;
+               else {
+                       xscale->trace.mode = XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED;
+                       return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
-               xscale->trace.data = NULL;
-       }
-       else if ((CMD_ARGC >= 1) && (strcmp("disable", CMD_ARGV[0]) == 0))
-       {
-               xscale->trace.buffer_enabled = 0;
        }
 
-       if ((CMD_ARGC >= 2) && (strcmp("fill", CMD_ARGV[1]) == 0))
-       {
-               uint32_t fill = 1;
-               if (CMD_ARGC >= 3)
-                       COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[2], fill);
-               xscale->trace.buffer_fill = fill;
-       }
-       else if ((CMD_ARGC >= 2) && (strcmp("wrap", CMD_ARGV[1]) == 0))
-       {
-               xscale->trace.buffer_fill = -1;
-       }
-
-       if (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled)
-       {
-               /* if we enable the trace buffer in fill-once
-                * mode we know the address of the first instruction */
-               xscale->trace.pc_ok = 1;
-               xscale->trace.current_pc =
-                               buf_get_u32(armv4_5->pc->value, 0, 32);
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               /* otherwise the address is unknown, and we have no known good PC */
-               xscale->trace.pc_ok = 0;
-       }
-
-       command_print(CMD_CTX, "trace buffer %s (%s)",
-               (xscale->trace.buffer_enabled) ? "enabled" : "disabled",
-               (xscale->trace.buffer_fill > 0) ? "fill" : "wrap");
+       if (xscale->trace.mode != XSCALE_TRACE_DISABLED) {
+               char fill_string[12];
+               sprintf(fill_string, "fill %d", xscale->trace.buffer_fill);
+               command_print(CMD, "trace buffer enabled (%s)",
+                       (xscale->trace.mode == XSCALE_TRACE_FILL)
+                       ? fill_string : "wrap");
+       } else
+               command_print(CMD, "trace buffer disabled");
 
        dcsr_value = buf_get_u32(xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[XSCALE_DCSR].value, 0, 32);
-       if (xscale->trace.buffer_fill >= 0)
+       if (xscale->trace.mode == XSCALE_TRACE_FILL)
                xscale_write_dcsr_sw(target, (dcsr_value & 0xfffffffc) | 2);
        else
                xscale_write_dcsr_sw(target, dcsr_value & 0xfffffffc);
@@ -3409,39 +3405,31 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_trace_image_command)
        int retval;
 
        if (CMD_ARGC < 1)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "usage: xscale trace_image <file> [base address] [type]");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (xscale->trace.image)
-       {
+       if (xscale->trace.image) {
                image_close(xscale->trace.image);
                free(xscale->trace.image);
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "previously loaded image found and closed");
+               command_print(CMD, "previously loaded image found and closed");
        }
 
        xscale->trace.image = malloc(sizeof(struct image));
-       xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = 0;
-       xscale->trace.image->start_address_set = 0;
+       xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = false;
+       xscale->trace.image->start_address_set = false;
 
        /* a base address isn't always necessary, default to 0x0 (i.e. don't relocate) */
-       if (CMD_ARGC >= 2)
-       {
-               xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = 1;
+       if (CMD_ARGC >= 2) {
+               xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = true;
                COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(llong, CMD_ARGV[1], xscale->trace.image->base_address);
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = 0;
-       }
+       } else
+               xscale->trace.image->base_address_set = false;
 
-       if (image_open(xscale->trace.image, CMD_ARGV[0], (CMD_ARGC >= 3) ? CMD_ARGV[2] : NULL) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       if (image_open(xscale->trace.image, CMD_ARGV[0],
+               (CMD_ARGC >= 3) ? CMD_ARGV[2] : NULL) != ERROR_OK) {
                free(xscale->trace.image);
                xscale->trace.image = NULL;
                return ERROR_OK;
@@ -3455,54 +3443,47 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_dump_trace_command)
        struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        struct xscale_trace_data *trace_data;
-       struct fileio file;
+       struct fileio *file;
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               command_print(CMD, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
        if (CMD_ARGC < 1)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "usage: xscale dump_trace <file>");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        trace_data = xscale->trace.data;
 
-       if (!trace_data)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "no trace data collected");
+       if (!trace_data) {
+               command_print(CMD, "no trace data collected");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
        if (fileio_open(&file, CMD_ARGV[0], FILEIO_WRITE, FILEIO_BINARY) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
                return ERROR_OK;
-       }
 
-       while (trace_data)
-       {
+       while (trace_data) {
                int i;
 
-               fileio_write_u32(&file, trace_data->chkpt0);
-               fileio_write_u32(&file, trace_data->chkpt1);
-               fileio_write_u32(&file, trace_data->last_instruction);
-               fileio_write_u32(&file, trace_data->depth);
+               fileio_write_u32(file, trace_data->chkpt0);
+               fileio_write_u32(file, trace_data->chkpt1);
+               fileio_write_u32(file, trace_data->last_instruction);
+               fileio_write_u32(file, trace_data->depth);
 
                for (i = 0; i < trace_data->depth; i++)
-                       fileio_write_u32(&file, trace_data->entries[i].data | ((trace_data->entries[i].type & 0xffff) << 16));
+                       fileio_write_u32(file, trace_data->entries[i].data |
+                               ((trace_data->entries[i].type & 0xffff) << 16));
 
                trace_data = trace_data->next;
        }
 
-       fileio_close(&file);
+       fileio_close(file);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3513,11 +3494,11 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_analyze_trace_buffer_command)
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       xscale_analyze_trace(target, CMD_CTX);
+       xscale_analyze_trace(target, CMD);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3528,65 +3509,60 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_cp15)
        struct xscale_common *xscale = target_to_xscale(target);
        int retval;
 
-       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD_CTX, xscale);
+       retval = xscale_verify_pointer(CMD, xscale);
        if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
+               command_print(CMD, "target must be stopped for \"%s\" command", CMD_NAME);
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
        uint32_t reg_no = 0;
        struct reg *reg = NULL;
-       if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
-       {
+       if (CMD_ARGC > 0) {
                COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], reg_no);
                /*translate from xscale cp15 register no to openocd register*/
-               switch (reg_no)
-               {
-               case 0:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_MAINID;
-                       break;
-               case 1:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_CTRL;
-                       break;
-               case 2:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_TTB;
-                       break;
-               case 3:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_DAC;
-                       break;
-               case 5:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_FSR;
-                       break;
-               case 6:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_FAR;
-                       break;
-               case 13:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_PID;
-                       break;
-               case 15:
-                       reg_no = XSCALE_CPACCESS;
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       command_print(CMD_CTX, "invalid register number");
-                       return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               switch (reg_no) {
+                       case 0:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_MAINID;
+                               break;
+                       case 1:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_CTRL;
+                               break;
+                       case 2:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_TTB;
+                               break;
+                       case 3:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_DAC;
+                               break;
+                       case 5:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_FSR;
+                               break;
+                       case 6:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_FAR;
+                               break;
+                       case 13:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_PID;
+                               break;
+                       case 15:
+                               reg_no = XSCALE_CPACCESS;
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               command_print(CMD, "invalid register number");
+                               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
                }
                reg = &xscale->reg_cache->reg_list[reg_no];
 
        }
-       if (CMD_ARGC == 1)
-       {
+       if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
                uint32_t value;
 
                /* read cp15 control register */
                xscale_get_reg(reg);
                value = buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32);
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "%s (/%i): 0x%" PRIx32 "", reg->name, (int)(reg->size), value);
-       }
-       else if (CMD_ARGC == 2)
-       {
+               command_print(CMD, "%s (/%i): 0x%" PRIx32 "", reg->name, (int)(reg->size),
+                       value);
+       } else if (CMD_ARGC == 2) {
                uint32_t value;
                COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], value);
 
@@ -3601,11 +3577,8 @@ COMMAND_HANDLER(xscale_handle_cp15)
 
                /* execute cpwait to ensure outstanding operations complete */
                xscale_send_u32(target, 0x53);
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               command_print(CMD_CTX, "usage: cp15 [register]<, [value]>");
-       }
+       } else
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
@@ -3616,6 +3589,7 @@ static const struct command_registration xscale_exec_command_handlers[] = {
                .handler = xscale_handle_cache_info_command,
                .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
                .help = "display information about CPU caches",
+               .usage = "",
        },
        {
                .name = "mmu",
@@ -3644,9 +3618,9 @@ static const struct command_registration xscale_exec_command_handlers[] = {
                .name = "vector_catch",
                .handler = xscale_handle_vector_catch_command,
                .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
-               .help = "set or display 8-bit mask of vectors "
+               .help = "set or display mask of vectors "
                        "that should trigger debug entry",
-               .usage = "[mask]",
+               .usage = "['all'|'none'|'fiq'|'irq'|'dabt'|'pabt'|'swi'|'undef'|'reset']",
        },
        {
                .name = "vector_table",
@@ -3662,7 +3636,7 @@ static const struct command_registration xscale_exec_command_handlers[] = {
                .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
                .help = "display trace buffer status, enable or disable "
                        "tracing, and optionally reconfigure trace mode",
-               .usage = "['enable'|'disable' ['fill' number|'wrap']]",
+               .usage = "['enable'|'disable' ['fill' [number]|'wrap']]",
        },
        {
                .name = "dump_trace",
@@ -3700,7 +3674,7 @@ static const struct command_registration xscale_any_command_handlers[] = {
                .handler = xscale_handle_debug_handler_command,
                .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
                .help = "Change address used for debug handler.",
-               .usage = "target address",
+               .usage = "<target> <address>",
        },
        {
                .name = "cache_clean_address",
@@ -3722,36 +3696,33 @@ static const struct command_registration xscale_command_handlers[] = {
                .name = "xscale",
                .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
                .help = "xscale command group",
+               .usage = "",
                .chain = xscale_any_command_handlers,
        },
        COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
 };
 
-struct target_type xscale_target =
-{
+struct target_type xscale_target = {
        .name = "xscale",
 
        .poll = xscale_poll,
        .arch_state = xscale_arch_state,
 
-       .target_request_data = NULL,
-
        .halt = xscale_halt,
        .resume = xscale_resume,
        .step = xscale_step,
 
        .assert_reset = xscale_assert_reset,
        .deassert_reset = xscale_deassert_reset,
-       .soft_reset_halt = NULL,
 
        /* REVISIT on some cores, allow exporting iwmmxt registers ... */
+       .get_gdb_arch = arm_get_gdb_arch,
        .get_gdb_reg_list = arm_get_gdb_reg_list,
 
        .read_memory = xscale_read_memory,
        .read_phys_memory = xscale_read_phys_memory,
        .write_memory = xscale_write_memory,
        .write_phys_memory = xscale_write_phys_memory,
-       .bulk_write_memory = xscale_bulk_write_memory,
 
        .checksum_memory = arm_checksum_memory,
        .blank_check_memory = arm_blank_check_memory,
@@ -3766,6 +3737,7 @@ struct target_type xscale_target =
        .commands = xscale_command_handlers,
        .target_create = xscale_target_create,
        .init_target = xscale_init_target,
+       .deinit_target = xscale_deinit_target,
 
        .virt2phys = xscale_virt2phys,
        .mmu = xscale_mmu