First step in hiding target_type_s from public interface:
[fw/openocd] / src / target / target.c
index efb67a040ffa3299347fbc617803d8485211e7b0..d06c317e830d349fe7dc56398fe2e245b6cb4e96 100644 (file)
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
  *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver                                  *
  *   spen@spen-soft.co.uk                                                  *
  *                                                                         *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Rick Altherr                                    *
+ *   kc8apf@kc8apf.net>                                                    *
+ *                                                                         *
  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "replacements.h"
+#define DEFINE_TARGET_TYPE_S
+
 #include "target.h"
 #include "target_request.h"
-
-#include "log.h"
-#include "configuration.h"
-#include "binarybuffer.h"
+#include "time_support.h"
+#include "register.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+#include "image.h"
 #include "jtag.h"
 
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <time.h>
-
-#include <time_support.h>
-
-#include <fileio.h>
-#include <image.h>
-
-int cli_target_callback_event_handler(struct target_s *target, enum target_event event, void *priv);
-
-
-int handle_targets_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-
-int handle_working_area_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-
-int handle_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_poll_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_wait_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_reset_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_soft_reset_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_resume_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_step_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_md_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_mw_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_verify_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_rbp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_wp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_rwp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_virt2phys_command(command_context_t *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+
+static int handle_targets_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+
+static int handle_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_poll_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_wait_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_reset_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_soft_reset_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_resume_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_step_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_md_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_mw_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_verify_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_test_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_rbp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_wp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_rwp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_virt2phys_command(command_context_t *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_fast_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+static int handle_fast_load_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
+
 static int jim_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
 static int jim_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
 static int jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
@@ -89,8 +78,6 @@ static int jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
 static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
 static int target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv);
 
-
-
 /* targets */
 extern target_type_t arm7tdmi_target;
 extern target_type_t arm720t_target;
@@ -101,8 +88,10 @@ extern target_type_t arm926ejs_target;
 extern target_type_t feroceon_target;
 extern target_type_t xscale_target;
 extern target_type_t cortexm3_target;
+extern target_type_t cortexa8_target;
 extern target_type_t arm11_target;
 extern target_type_t mips_m4k_target;
+extern target_type_t avr_target;
 
 target_type_t *target_types[] =
 {
@@ -115,8 +104,10 @@ target_type_t *target_types[] =
        &feroceon_target,
        &xscale_target,
        &cortexm3_target,
+       &cortexa8_target,
        &arm11_target,
        &mips_m4k_target,
+       &avr_target,
        NULL,
 };
 
@@ -161,17 +152,19 @@ const char *target_strerror_safe( int err )
        }
 }
 
-const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_event[] = {
+static const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_event[] = {
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_OLD_gdb_program_config , .name = "old-gdb_program_config" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_OLD_pre_resume         , .name = "old-pre_resume" },
 
-
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EARLY_HALTED, .name = "early-halted" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_HALTED, .name = "halted" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED, .name = "resumed" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_START, .name = "resume-start" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_END, .name = "resume-end" },
 
+       { .name = "gdb-start", .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_START },
+       { .name = "gdb-end", .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_END },
+
        /* historical name */
 
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_START, .name = "reset-start" },
@@ -187,13 +180,8 @@ const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_event[] = {
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_INIT , .name = "reset-init" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_END, .name = "reset-end" },
 
-
-
-
-
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_START, .name = "examine-start" },
-       { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_START, .name = "examine-end" },
-
+       { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_END, .name = "examine-end" },
 
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_HALTED, .name = "debug-halted" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_RESUMED, .name = "debug-resumed" },
@@ -201,7 +189,6 @@ const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_event[] = {
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_ATTACH, .name = "gdb-attach" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_DETACH, .name = "gdb-detach" },
 
-
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_WRITE_START, .name = "gdb-flash-write-start" },
        { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_WRITE_END  , .name = "gdb-flash-write-end"   },
 
@@ -224,7 +211,6 @@ const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_state[] = {
        { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
 };
 
-
 const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_debug_reason [] = {
        { .name = "debug-request"            , .value = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ },
        { .name = "breakpoint"               , .value = DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT },
@@ -236,12 +222,11 @@ const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_debug_reason [] = {
        { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
 };
 
-
 const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_endian[] = {
        { .name = "big",    .value = TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN },
        { .name = "little", .value = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN },
        { .name = "be",     .value = TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN },
-        { .name = "le",     .value = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN },
+       { .name = "le",     .value = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN },
        { .name = NULL,     .value = -1 },
 };
 
@@ -253,8 +238,7 @@ const Jim_Nvp nvp_reset_modes[] = {
        { .name = NULL     , .value = -1 },
 };
 
-static int
-max_target_number( void )
+static int max_target_number(void)
 {
        target_t *t;
        int x;
@@ -271,8 +255,7 @@ max_target_number( void )
 }
 
 /* determine the number of the new target */
-static int
-new_target_number( void )
+static int new_target_number(void)
 {
        target_t *t;
        int x;
@@ -292,7 +275,7 @@ new_target_number( void )
 static int target_continous_poll = 1;
 
 /* read a u32 from a buffer in target memory endianness */
-u32 target_buffer_get_u32(target_t *target, u8 *buffer)
+u32 target_buffer_get_u32(target_t *target, const u8 *buffer)
 {
        if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
                return le_to_h_u32(buffer);
@@ -301,7 +284,7 @@ u32 target_buffer_get_u32(target_t *target, u8 *buffer)
 }
 
 /* read a u16 from a buffer in target memory endianness */
-u16 target_buffer_get_u16(target_t *target, u8 *buffer)
+u16 target_buffer_get_u16(target_t *target, const u8 *buffer)
 {
        if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
                return le_to_h_u16(buffer);
@@ -310,7 +293,7 @@ u16 target_buffer_get_u16(target_t *target, u8 *buffer)
 }
 
 /* read a u8 from a buffer in target memory endianness */
-u8 target_buffer_get_u8(target_t *target, u8 *buffer)
+u8 target_buffer_get_u8(target_t *target, const u8 *buffer)
 {
        return *buffer & 0x0ff;
 }
@@ -339,8 +322,36 @@ void target_buffer_set_u8(target_t *target, u8 *buffer, u8 value)
        *buffer = value;
 }
 
+/* return a pointer to a configured target; id is name or number */
+target_t *get_target(const char *id)
+{
+       target_t *target;
+       char *endptr;
+       int num;
+
+       /* try as tcltarget name */
+       for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
+               if (target->cmd_name == NULL)
+                       continue;
+               if (strcmp(id, target->cmd_name) == 0)
+                       return target;
+       }
+
+       /* no match, try as number */
+       num = strtoul(id, &endptr, 0);
+       if (*endptr != 0)
+               return NULL;
+
+       for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
+               if (target->target_number == num)
+                       return target;
+       }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
 /* returns a pointer to the n-th configured target */
-target_t* get_target_by_num(int num)
+static target_t *get_target_by_num(int num)
 {
        target_t *target = all_targets;
 
@@ -372,11 +383,10 @@ target_t* get_current_target(command_context_t *cmd_ctx)
        return target;
 }
 
-
 int target_poll(struct target_s *target)
 {
        /* We can't poll until after examine */
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                /* Fail silently lest we pollute the log */
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -387,7 +397,7 @@ int target_poll(struct target_s *target)
 int target_halt(struct target_s *target)
 {
        /* We can't poll until after examine */
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -400,7 +410,7 @@ int target_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_
        int retval;
 
        /* We can't poll until after examine */
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -416,7 +426,6 @@ int target_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_
        return retval;
 }
 
-
 int target_process_reset(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, enum target_reset_mode reset_mode)
 {
        char buf[100];
@@ -442,7 +451,6 @@ int target_process_reset(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, enum target_reset_mo
        return retval;
 }
 
-
 static int default_virt2phys(struct target_s *target, u32 virtual, u32 *physical)
 {
        *physical = virtual;
@@ -457,10 +465,14 @@ static int default_mmu(struct target_s *target, int *enabled)
 
 static int default_examine(struct target_s *target)
 {
-       target->type->examined = 1;
+       target_set_examined(target);
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+int target_examine_one(struct target_s *target)
+{
+       return target->type->examine(target);
+}
 
 /* Targets that correctly implement init+examine, i.e.
  * no communication with target during init:
@@ -473,16 +485,20 @@ int target_examine(void)
        target_t *target = all_targets;
        while (target)
        {
-               if ((retval = target->type->examine(target))!=ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_examine_one(target)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
                target = target->next;
        }
        return retval;
 }
+const char *target_get_name(struct target_s *target)
+{
+       return target->type->name;
+}
 
 static int target_write_memory_imp(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
 {
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -492,7 +508,7 @@ static int target_write_memory_imp(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 siz
 
 static int target_read_memory_imp(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
 {
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -502,7 +518,7 @@ static int target_read_memory_imp(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size
 
 static int target_soft_reset_halt_imp(struct target_s *target)
 {
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -512,7 +528,7 @@ static int target_soft_reset_halt_imp(struct target_s *target)
 
 static int target_run_algorithm_imp(struct target_s *target, int num_mem_params, mem_param_t *mem_params, int num_reg_params, reg_param_t *reg_param, u32 entry_point, u32 exit_point, int timeout_ms, void *arch_info)
 {
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -520,6 +536,85 @@ static int target_run_algorithm_imp(struct target_s *target, int num_mem_params,
        return target->type->run_algorithm_imp(target, num_mem_params, mem_params, num_reg_params, reg_param, entry_point, exit_point, timeout_ms, arch_info);
 }
 
+int target_read_memory(struct target_s *target,
+               u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
+{
+       return target->type->read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
+}
+
+int target_write_memory(struct target_s *target,
+               u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
+{
+       return target->type->write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
+}
+int target_bulk_write_memory(struct target_s *target,
+               u32 address, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
+{
+       return target->type->bulk_write_memory(target, address, count, buffer);
+}
+
+int target_add_breakpoint(struct target_s *target,
+               struct breakpoint_s *breakpoint)
+{
+       return target->type->add_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+}
+int target_remove_breakpoint(struct target_s *target,
+               struct breakpoint_s *breakpoint)
+{
+       return target->type->remove_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+}
+
+int target_add_watchpoint(struct target_s *target,
+               struct watchpoint_s *watchpoint)
+{
+       return target->type->add_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
+}
+int target_remove_watchpoint(struct target_s *target,
+               struct watchpoint_s *watchpoint)
+{
+       return target->type->remove_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
+}
+
+int target_get_gdb_reg_list(struct target_s *target,
+               struct reg_s **reg_list[], int *reg_list_size)
+{
+       return target->type->get_gdb_reg_list(target, reg_list, reg_list_size);
+}
+int target_step(struct target_s *target,
+               int current, u32 address, int handle_breakpoints)
+{
+       return target->type->step(target, current, address, handle_breakpoints);
+}
+
+
+int target_run_algorithm(struct target_s *target,
+               int num_mem_params, mem_param_t *mem_params,
+               int num_reg_params, reg_param_t *reg_param,
+               u32 entry_point, u32 exit_point,
+               int timeout_ms, void *arch_info)
+{
+       return target->type->run_algorithm(target,
+                       num_mem_params, mem_params, num_reg_params, reg_param,
+                       entry_point, exit_point, timeout_ms, arch_info);
+}
+
+/// @returns @c true if the target has been examined.
+bool target_was_examined(struct target_s *target)
+{
+       return target->type->examined;
+}
+/// Sets the @c examined flag for the given target.
+void target_set_examined(struct target_s *target)
+{
+       target->type->examined = true;
+}
+// Reset the @c examined flag for the given target.
+void target_reset_examined(struct target_s *target)
+{
+       target->type->examined = false;
+}
+
+
 int target_init(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
 {
        target_t *target = all_targets;
@@ -527,7 +622,7 @@ int target_init(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
 
        while (target)
        {
-               target->type->examined = 0;
+               target_reset_examined(target);
                if (target->type->examine == NULL)
                {
                        target->type->examine = default_examine;
@@ -535,7 +630,7 @@ int target_init(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
 
                if ((retval = target->type->init_target(cmd_ctx, target)) != ERROR_OK)
                {
-                       LOG_ERROR("target '%s' init failed", target->type->name);
+                       LOG_ERROR("target '%s' init failed", target_get_name(target));
                        return retval;
                }
 
@@ -557,7 +652,6 @@ int target_init(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
                target->type->run_algorithm_imp = target->type->run_algorithm;
                target->type->run_algorithm = target_run_algorithm_imp;
 
-
                if (target->type->mmu == NULL)
                {
                        target->type->mmu = default_mmu;
@@ -703,7 +797,6 @@ int target_call_event_callbacks(target_t *target, enum target_event event)
                target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_EARLY_HALTED);
        }
 
-
        LOG_DEBUG("target event %i (%s)",
                          event,
                          Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_event, event )->name );
@@ -855,7 +948,7 @@ int target_alloc_working_area(struct target_s *target, u32 size, working_area_t
                {
                        int retval;
                        new_wa->backup = malloc(new_wa->size);
-                       if((retval = target->type->read_memory(target, new_wa->address, 4, new_wa->size / 4, new_wa->backup)) != ERROR_OK)
+                       if((retval = target_read_memory(target, new_wa->address, 4, new_wa->size / 4, new_wa->backup)) != ERROR_OK)
                        {
                                free(new_wa->backup);
                                free(new_wa);
@@ -889,7 +982,7 @@ int target_free_working_area_restore(struct target_s *target, working_area_t *ar
        if (restore&&target->backup_working_area)
        {
                int retval;
-               if((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, area->address, 4, area->size / 4, area->backup)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if((retval = target_write_memory(target, area->address, 4, area->size / 4, area->backup)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
 
@@ -939,16 +1032,12 @@ int target_register_commands(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
 {
 
        register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "targets", handle_targets_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "change the current command line target (one parameter) or lists targets (with no parameter)");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "working_area", handle_working_area_command, COMMAND_ANY, "set a new working space");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "virt2phys", handle_virt2phys_command, COMMAND_ANY, "translate a virtual address into a physical address");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "profile", handle_profile_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "profiling samples the CPU PC");
 
-       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "target", jim_target, "configure target" );
 
 
-       /* script procedures */
-       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "ocd_mem2array", jim_mem2array, "read memory and return as a TCL array for script processing");
-       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "ocd_array2mem", jim_array2mem, "convert a TCL array to memory locations and write the values");
+
+       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "target", jim_target, "configure target" );
+
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
@@ -980,12 +1069,16 @@ int target_write_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buff
        int retval;
        LOG_DEBUG("writing buffer of %i byte at 0x%8.8x", size, address);
 
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
+       if (size == 0) {
+               return ERROR_OK;
+       }
+
        if ((address + size - 1) < address)
        {
                /* GDB can request this when e.g. PC is 0xfffffffc*/
@@ -995,18 +1088,18 @@ int target_write_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buff
 
        if (((address % 2) == 0) && (size == 2))
        {
-               return target->type->write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, buffer);
+               return target_write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, buffer);
        }
 
        /* handle unaligned head bytes */
        if (address % 4)
        {
-               int unaligned = 4 - (address % 4);
+               u32 unaligned = 4 - (address % 4);
 
                if (unaligned > size)
                        unaligned = size;
 
-               if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 1, unaligned, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 1, unaligned, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
                buffer += unaligned;
@@ -1027,7 +1120,7 @@ int target_write_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buff
                }
                else
                {
-                       if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 4, aligned / 4, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+                       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 4, aligned / 4, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
                }
 
@@ -1039,14 +1132,13 @@ int target_write_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buff
        /* handle tail writes of less than 4 bytes */
        if (size > 0)
        {
-               if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 1, size, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 1, size, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-
 /* Single aligned words are guaranteed to use 16 or 32 bit access
  * mode respectively, otherwise data is handled as quickly as
  * possible
@@ -1056,12 +1148,16 @@ int target_read_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buffe
        int retval;
        LOG_DEBUG("reading buffer of %i byte at 0x%8.8x", size, address);
 
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
+       if (size == 0) {
+               return ERROR_OK;
+       }
+
        if ((address + size - 1) < address)
        {
                /* GDB can request this when e.g. PC is 0xfffffffc*/
@@ -1071,18 +1167,18 @@ int target_read_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buffe
 
        if (((address % 2) == 0) && (size == 2))
        {
-               return target->type->read_memory(target, address, 2, 1, buffer);
+               return target_read_memory(target, address, 2, 1, buffer);
        }
 
        /* handle unaligned head bytes */
        if (address % 4)
        {
-               int unaligned = 4 - (address % 4);
+               u32 unaligned = 4 - (address % 4);
 
                if (unaligned > size)
                        unaligned = size;
 
-               if ((retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 1, unaligned, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 1, unaligned, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
                buffer += unaligned;
@@ -1095,7 +1191,7 @@ int target_read_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buffe
        {
                int aligned = size - (size % 4);
 
-               if ((retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 4, aligned / 4, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 4, aligned / 4, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
 
                buffer += aligned;
@@ -1106,7 +1202,7 @@ int target_read_buffer(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u8 *buffe
        /* handle tail writes of less than 4 bytes */
        if (size > 0)
        {
-               if ((retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 1, size, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
+               if ((retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 1, size, buffer)) != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
 
@@ -1117,9 +1213,9 @@ int target_checksum_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32*
 {
        u8 *buffer;
        int retval;
-       int i;
+       u32 i;
        u32 checksum = 0;
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1161,7 +1257,7 @@ int target_checksum_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32*
 int target_blank_check_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32* blank)
 {
        int retval;
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1178,13 +1274,13 @@ int target_blank_check_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u3
 int target_read_u32(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 *value)
 {
        u8 value_buf[4];
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
-       int retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf);
+       int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf);
 
        if (retval == ERROR_OK)
        {
@@ -1203,13 +1299,13 @@ int target_read_u32(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 *value)
 int target_read_u16(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u16 *value)
 {
        u8 value_buf[2];
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
-       int retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf);
+       int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf);
 
        if (retval == ERROR_OK)
        {
@@ -1227,8 +1323,8 @@ int target_read_u16(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u16 *value)
 
 int target_read_u8(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u8 *value)
 {
-       int retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 1, 1, value);
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 1, 1, value);
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1251,7 +1347,7 @@ int target_write_u32(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 value)
 {
        int retval;
        u8 value_buf[4];
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1260,7 +1356,7 @@ int target_write_u32(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 value)
        LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8x, value: 0x%8.8x", address, value);
 
        target_buffer_set_u32(target, value_buf, value);
-       if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
        }
@@ -1272,7 +1368,7 @@ int target_write_u16(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u16 value)
 {
        int retval;
        u8 value_buf[2];
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1281,7 +1377,7 @@ int target_write_u16(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u16 value)
        LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8x, value: 0x%8.8x", address, value);
 
        target_buffer_set_u16(target, value_buf, value);
-       if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
        }
@@ -1292,7 +1388,7 @@ int target_write_u16(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u16 value)
 int target_write_u8(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u8 value)
 {
        int retval;
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
@@ -1300,7 +1396,7 @@ int target_write_u8(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u8 value)
 
        LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8x, value: 0x%2.2x", address, value);
 
-       if ((retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address, 1, 1, &value)) != ERROR_OK)
+       if ((retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 1, 1, &value)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
        }
@@ -1311,6 +1407,21 @@ int target_write_u8(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u8 value)
 int target_register_user_commands(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
 {
        int retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+
+       /* script procedures */
+       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "profile", handle_profile_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "profiling samples the CPU PC");
+       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "ocd_mem2array", jim_mem2array, "read memory and return as a TCL array for script processing <ARRAYNAME> <WIDTH=32/16/8> <ADDRESS> <COUNT>");
+       register_jim(cmd_ctx, "ocd_array2mem", jim_array2mem, "convert a TCL array to memory locations and write the values  <ARRAYNAME> <WIDTH=32/16/8> <ADDRESS> <COUNT>");
+
+       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "fast_load_image", handle_fast_load_image_command, COMMAND_ANY,
+                       "same args as load_image, image stored in memory - mainly for profiling purposes");
+
+       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "fast_load", handle_fast_load_command, COMMAND_ANY,
+                       "loads active fast load image to current target - mainly for profiling purposes");
+
+
+       register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "virt2phys", handle_virt2phys_command, COMMAND_ANY, "translate a virtual address into a physical address");
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "reg", handle_reg_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "display or set a register");
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "poll", handle_poll_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "poll target state");
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "wait_halt", handle_wait_halt_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "wait for target halt [time (s)]");
@@ -1336,63 +1447,46 @@ int target_register_user_commands(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "load_image", handle_load_image_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "load_image <file> <address> ['bin'|'ihex'|'elf'|'s19'] [min_address] [max_length]");
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "dump_image", handle_dump_image_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "dump_image <file> <address> <size>");
        register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "verify_image", handle_verify_image_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "verify_image <file> [offset] [type]");
+       register_command(cmd_ctx,  NULL, "test_image", handle_test_image_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "test_image <file> [offset] [type]");
 
        if((retval = target_request_register_commands(cmd_ctx)) != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
        if((retval = trace_register_commands(cmd_ctx)) != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_targets_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_targets_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
-       char *cp;
        target_t *target = all_targets;
 
        if (argc == 1)
        {
-               /* try as tcltarget name */
-               for( target = all_targets ; target ; target++ ){
-                 if( target->cmd_name ){
-                       if( 0 == strcmp( args[0], target->cmd_name ) ){
-                               /* MATCH */
-                               goto Match;
-                       }
-                 }
-               }
-               /* no match, try as number */
-
-               int num = strtoul(args[0], &cp, 0 );
-               if( *cp != 0 ){
-                       /* then it was not a number */
-                       command_print( cmd_ctx, "Target: %s unknown, try one of:\n", args[0] );
-                       goto DumpTargets;
-               }
-
-               target = get_target_by_num( num );
-               if( target == NULL ){
+               target = get_target(args[0]);
+               if (target == NULL) {
                        command_print(cmd_ctx,"Target: %s is unknown, try one of:\n", args[0] );
                        goto DumpTargets;
                }
-       Match:
+
                cmd_ctx->current_target = target->target_number;
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
- DumpTargets:
+DumpTargets:
 
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "    CmdName    Type       Endian     ChainPos State     ");
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "--  ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------");
+       target = all_targets;
+       command_print(cmd_ctx, "    CmdName    Type       Endian     AbsChainPos Name          State     ");
+       command_print(cmd_ctx, "--  ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------- ----------");
        while (target)
        {
                /* XX: abcdefghij abcdefghij abcdefghij abcdefghij */
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "%2d: %-10s %-10s %-10s %8d %s",
+               command_print(cmd_ctx, "%2d: %-10s %-10s %-10s %10d %14s %s",
                                          target->target_number,
                                          target->cmd_name,
-                                         target->type->name,
+                                         target_get_name(target),
                                          Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_endian, target->endianness )->name,
-                                         target->chain_position,
+                                         target->tap->abs_chain_position,
+                                         target->tap->dotted_name,
                                          Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_state, target->state )->name );
                target = target->next;
        }
@@ -1400,59 +1494,134 @@ int handle_targets_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+/* every 300ms we check for reset & powerdropout and issue a "reset halt" if so. */
+
+static int powerDropout;
+static int srstAsserted;
 
+static int runPowerRestore;
+static int runPowerDropout;
+static int runSrstAsserted;
+static int runSrstDeasserted;
 
-int handle_working_area_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int sense_handler(void)
 {
-       int retval = ERROR_OK;
-       target_t *target = NULL;
+       static int prevSrstAsserted = 0;
+       static int prevPowerdropout = 0;
 
-       if ((argc < 4) || (argc > 5))
-       {
-               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
-       }
+       int retval;
+       if ((retval=jtag_power_dropout(&powerDropout))!=ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       target = get_target_by_num(strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0));
-       if (!target)
+       int powerRestored;
+       powerRestored = prevPowerdropout && !powerDropout;
+       if (powerRestored)
        {
-               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+               runPowerRestore = 1;
        }
-       target_free_all_working_areas(target);
 
-       target->working_area_phys = target->working_area_virt = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
-       if (argc == 5)
+       long long current = timeval_ms();
+       static long long lastPower = 0;
+       int waitMore = lastPower + 2000 > current;
+       if (powerDropout && !waitMore)
        {
-               target->working_area_virt = strtoul(args[4], NULL, 0);
+               runPowerDropout = 1;
+               lastPower = current;
        }
-       target->working_area_size = strtoul(args[2], NULL, 0);
 
-       if (strcmp(args[3], "backup") == 0)
+       if ((retval=jtag_srst_asserted(&srstAsserted))!=ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
+
+       int srstDeasserted;
+       srstDeasserted = prevSrstAsserted && !srstAsserted;
+
+       static long long lastSrst = 0;
+       waitMore = lastSrst + 2000 > current;
+       if (srstDeasserted && !waitMore)
        {
-               target->backup_working_area = 1;
+               runSrstDeasserted = 1;
+               lastSrst = current;
        }
-       else if (strcmp(args[3], "nobackup") == 0)
+
+       if (!prevSrstAsserted && srstAsserted)
        {
-               target->backup_working_area = 0;
+               runSrstAsserted = 1;
        }
-       else
+
+       prevSrstAsserted = srstAsserted;
+       prevPowerdropout = powerDropout;
+
+       if (srstDeasserted || powerRestored)
        {
-               LOG_ERROR("unrecognized <backup|nobackup> argument (%s)", args[3]);
-               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+               /* Other than logging the event we can't do anything here.
+                * Issuing a reset is a particularly bad idea as we might
+                * be inside a reset already.
+                */
        }
 
-       return retval;
+       return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-
 /* process target state changes */
 int handle_target(void *priv)
 {
        int retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       /* we do not want to recurse here... */
+       static int recursive = 0;
+       if (! recursive)
+       {
+               recursive = 1;
+               sense_handler();
+               /* danger! running these procedures can trigger srst assertions and power dropouts.
+                * We need to avoid an infinite loop/recursion here and we do that by
+                * clearing the flags after running these events.
+                */
+               int did_something = 0;
+               if (runSrstAsserted)
+               {
+                       Jim_Eval( interp, "srst_asserted");
+                       did_something = 1;
+               }
+               if (runSrstDeasserted)
+               {
+                       Jim_Eval( interp, "srst_deasserted");
+                       did_something = 1;
+               }
+               if (runPowerDropout)
+               {
+                       Jim_Eval( interp, "power_dropout");
+                       did_something = 1;
+               }
+               if (runPowerRestore)
+               {
+                       Jim_Eval( interp, "power_restore");
+                       did_something = 1;
+               }
+
+               if (did_something)
+               {
+                       /* clear detect flags */
+                       sense_handler();
+               }
+
+               /* clear action flags */
+
+               runSrstAsserted=0;
+               runSrstDeasserted=0;
+               runPowerRestore=0;
+               runPowerDropout=0;
+
+               recursive = 0;
+       }
+
        target_t *target = all_targets;
 
        while (target)
        {
-               if (target_continous_poll)
+
+               /* only poll target if we've got power and srst isn't asserted */
+               if (target_continous_poll&&!powerDropout&&!srstAsserted)
                {
                        /* polling may fail silently until the target has been examined */
                        if((retval = target_poll(target)) != ERROR_OK)
@@ -1465,7 +1634,7 @@ int handle_target(void *priv)
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target;
        reg_t *reg = NULL;
@@ -1576,8 +1745,7 @@ int handle_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-
-int handle_poll_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_poll_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int retval = ERROR_OK;
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
@@ -1609,11 +1777,10 @@ int handle_poll_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **arg
                return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
 
-
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_wait_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_wait_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int ms = 5000;
 
@@ -1633,35 +1800,44 @@ int handle_wait_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
        return target_wait_state(target, TARGET_HALTED, ms);
 }
 
+/* wait for target state to change. The trick here is to have a low
+ * latency for short waits and not to suck up all the CPU time
+ * on longer waits.
+ *
+ * After 500ms, keep_alive() is invoked
+ */
 int target_wait_state(target_t *target, enum target_state state, int ms)
 {
        int retval;
-       struct timeval timeout, now;
+       long long then=0, cur;
        int once=1;
-       gettimeofday(&timeout, NULL);
-       timeval_add_time(&timeout, 0, ms * 1000);
 
        for (;;)
        {
                if ((retval=target_poll(target))!=ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-               keep_alive();
                if (target->state == state)
                {
                        break;
                }
+               cur = timeval_ms();
                if (once)
                {
                        once=0;
+                       then = timeval_ms();
                        LOG_DEBUG("waiting for target %s...",
-                             Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state,state)->name);
+                               Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state,state)->name);
                }
 
-               gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-               if ((now.tv_sec > timeout.tv_sec) || ((now.tv_sec == timeout.tv_sec) && (now.tv_usec >= timeout.tv_usec)))
+               if (cur-then>500)
+               {
+                       keep_alive();
+               }
+
+               if ((cur-then)>ms)
                {
                        LOG_ERROR("timed out while waiting for target %s",
-                             Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state,state)->name);
+                               Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state,state)->name);
                        return ERROR_FAIL;
                }
        }
@@ -1669,7 +1845,7 @@ int target_wait_state(target_t *target, enum target_state state, int ms)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int retval;
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
@@ -1681,10 +1857,20 @@ int handle_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **arg
                return retval;
        }
 
+       if (argc == 1)
+       {
+               int wait;
+               char *end;
+
+               wait = strtoul(args[0], &end, 0);
+               if (!*end && !wait)
+                       return ERROR_OK;
+       }
+
        return handle_wait_halt_command(cmd_ctx, cmd, args, argc);
 }
 
-int handle_soft_reset_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_soft_reset_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
 
@@ -1695,7 +1881,7 @@ int handle_soft_reset_halt_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd,
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_reset_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_reset_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        const Jim_Nvp *n;
        enum target_reset_mode reset_mode = RESET_RUN;
@@ -1714,7 +1900,7 @@ int handle_reset_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **ar
 }
 
 
-int handle_resume_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_resume_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int retval;
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
@@ -1733,100 +1919,102 @@ int handle_resume_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **a
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_step_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_step_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
        if (argc == 0)
-               target->type->step(target, 1, 0, 1); /* current pc, addr = 0, handle breakpoints */
+               return target->type->step(target, 1, 0, 1); /* current pc, addr = 0, handle breakpoints */
 
        if (argc == 1)
-               target->type->step(target, 0, strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0), 1); /* addr = args[0], handle breakpoints */
+               return target->type->step(target, 0, strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0), 1); /* addr = args[0], handle breakpoints */
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_md_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static void handle_md_output(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx,
+               struct target_s *target, u32 address, unsigned size,
+               unsigned count, const u8 *buffer)
 {
-       const int line_bytecnt = 32;
-       int count = 1;
-       int size = 4;
-       u32 address = 0;
-       int line_modulo;
-       int i;
-
-       char output[128];
-       int output_len;
+       const unsigned line_bytecnt = 32;
+       unsigned line_modulo = line_bytecnt / size;
 
-       int retval;
+       char output[line_bytecnt * 4 + 1];
+       unsigned output_len = 0;
 
-       u8 *buffer;
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
+       const char *value_fmt;
+       switch (size) {
+       case 4: value_fmt = "%8.8x"; break;
+       case 2: value_fmt = "%4.2x"; break;
+       case 1: value_fmt = "%2.2x"; break;
+       default:
+               LOG_ERROR("invalid memory read size: %u", size);
+               exit(-1);
+       }
 
-       if (argc < 1)
-               return ERROR_OK;
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++)
+       {
+               if (i % line_modulo == 0)
+               {
+                       output_len += snprintf(output + output_len,
+                                       sizeof(output) - output_len,
+                                       "0x%8.8x: ", address + (i*size));
+               }
 
-       if (argc == 2)
-               count = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
+               u32 value;
+               const u8 *value_ptr = buffer + i * size;
+               switch (size) {
+               case 4: value = target_buffer_get_u32(target, value_ptr); break;
+               case 2: value = target_buffer_get_u16(target, value_ptr); break;
+               case 1: value = *value_ptr;
+               }
+               output_len += snprintf(output + output_len,
+                               sizeof(output) - output_len,
+                               value_fmt, value);
 
-       address = strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0);
+               if ((i % line_modulo == line_modulo - 1) || (i == count - 1))
+               {
+                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "%s", output);
+                       output_len = 0;
+               }
+       }
+}
 
+static int handle_md_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+{
+       if (argc < 1)
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
-       switch (cmd[2])
-       {
-               case 'w':
-                       size = 4; line_modulo = line_bytecnt / 4;
-                       break;
-               case 'h':
-                       size = 2; line_modulo = line_bytecnt / 2;
-                       break;
-               case 'b':
-                       size = 1; line_modulo = line_bytecnt / 1;
-                       break;
-               default:
-                       return ERROR_OK;
+       unsigned size = 0;
+       switch (cmd[2]) {
+       case 'w': size = 4; break;
+       case 'h': size = 2; break;
+       case 'b': size = 1; break;
+       default: return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
 
-       buffer = calloc(count, size);
-       retval  = target->type->read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
-       if (retval == ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               output_len = 0;
+       u32 address = strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0);
 
-               for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-               {
-                       if (i%line_modulo == 0)
-                               output_len += snprintf(output + output_len, 128 - output_len, "0x%8.8x: ", address + (i*size));
+       unsigned count = 1;
+       if (argc == 2)
+               count = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
 
-                       switch (size)
-                       {
-                               case 4:
-                                       output_len += snprintf(output + output_len, 128 - output_len, "%8.8x ", target_buffer_get_u32(target, &buffer[i*4]));
-                                       break;
-                               case 2:
-                                       output_len += snprintf(output + output_len, 128 - output_len, "%4.4x ", target_buffer_get_u16(target, &buffer[i*2]));
-                                       break;
-                               case 1:
-                                       output_len += snprintf(output + output_len, 128 - output_len, "%2.2x ", buffer[i*1]);
-                                       break;
-                       }
+       u8 *buffer = calloc(count, size);
 
-                       if ((i%line_modulo == line_modulo-1) || (i == count - 1))
-                       {
-                               command_print(cmd_ctx, output);
-                               output_len = 0;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
+       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
+       int retval = target_read_memory(target,
+                               address, size, count, buffer);
+       if (ERROR_OK == retval)
+               handle_md_output(cmd_ctx, target, address, size, count, buffer);
 
        free(buffer);
 
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_mw_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_mw_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        u32 address = 0;
        u32 value = 0;
@@ -1863,34 +2051,18 @@ int handle_mw_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args,
        }
        for (i=0; i<count; i++)
        {
-               int retval;
-               switch (wordsize)
-               {
-                       case 4:
-                               retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address + i*wordsize, 4, 1, value_buf);
-                               break;
-                       case 2:
-                               retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address + i*wordsize, 2, 1, value_buf);
-                               break;
-                       case 1:
-                               retval = target->type->write_memory(target, address + i*wordsize, 1, 1, value_buf);
-                       break;
-                       default:
-                       return ERROR_OK;
-               }
-               keep_alive();
-
-               if (retval!=ERROR_OK)
-               {
+               int retval = target_write_memory(target,
+                               address + i * wordsize, wordsize, 1, value_buf);
+               if (ERROR_OK != retval)
                        return retval;
-               }
+               keep_alive();
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 
 }
 
-int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        u8 *buffer;
        u32 buf_cnt;
@@ -1940,7 +2112,6 @@ int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
                return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
        }
 
-
        duration_start_measure(&duration);
 
        if (image_open(&image, args[0], (argc >= 3) ? args[2] : NULL) != ERROR_OK)
@@ -1968,7 +2139,6 @@ int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
                u32 offset=0;
                u32 length=buf_cnt;
 
-
                /* DANGER!!! beware of unsigned comparision here!!! */
 
                if ((image.sections[i].base_address+buf_cnt>=min_address)&&
@@ -2016,7 +2186,7 @@ int handle_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
 
 }
 
-int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        fileio_t fileio;
 
@@ -2039,12 +2209,6 @@ int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
        address = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
        size = strtoul(args[2], NULL, 0);
 
-       if ((address & 3) || (size & 3))
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "only 32-bit aligned address and size are supported");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
        if (fileio_open(&fileio, args[0], FILEIO_WRITE, FILEIO_BINARY) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                return ERROR_OK;
@@ -2057,7 +2221,7 @@ int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
                u32 size_written;
                u32 this_run_size = (size > 560) ? 560 : size;
 
-               retval = target->type->read_memory(target, address, 4, this_run_size / 4, buffer);
+               retval = target_read_buffer(target, address, this_run_size, buffer);
                if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                {
                        break;
@@ -2081,14 +2245,15 @@ int handle_dump_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char
 
        if (retval==ERROR_OK)
        {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "dumped %"PRIi64" byte in %s", fileio.size, duration_text);
+               command_print(cmd_ctx, "dumped %lld byte in %s",
+                               fileio.size, duration_text);
+               free(duration_text);
        }
-       free(duration_text);
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_verify_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_verify_image_command_internal(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc, int verify)
 {
        u8 *buffer;
        u32 buf_cnt;
@@ -2152,55 +2317,61 @@ int handle_verify_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, ch
                        break;
                }
 
-               /* calculate checksum of image */
-               image_calculate_checksum( buffer, buf_cnt, &checksum );
-
-               retval = target_checksum_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, buf_cnt, &mem_checksum);
-               if( retval != ERROR_OK )
-               {
-                       free(buffer);
-                       break;
-               }
-
-               if( checksum != mem_checksum )
+               if (verify)
                {
-                       /* failed crc checksum, fall back to a binary compare */
-                       u8 *data;
+                       /* calculate checksum of image */
+                       image_calculate_checksum( buffer, buf_cnt, &checksum );
 
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "checksum mismatch - attempting binary compare");
-
-                       data = (u8*)malloc(buf_cnt);
-
-                       /* Can we use 32bit word accesses? */
-                       int size = 1;
-                       int count = buf_cnt;
-                       if ((count % 4) == 0)
+                       retval = target_checksum_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, buf_cnt, &mem_checksum);
+                       if( retval != ERROR_OK )
                        {
-                               size *= 4;
-                               count /= 4;
+                               free(buffer);
+                               break;
                        }
-                       retval = target->type->read_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, size, count, data);
-                       if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+
+                       if( checksum != mem_checksum )
                        {
-                               int t;
-                               for (t = 0; t < buf_cnt; t++)
+                               /* failed crc checksum, fall back to a binary compare */
+                               u8 *data;
+
+                               command_print(cmd_ctx, "checksum mismatch - attempting binary compare");
+
+                               data = (u8*)malloc(buf_cnt);
+
+                               /* Can we use 32bit word accesses? */
+                               int size = 1;
+                               int count = buf_cnt;
+                               if ((count % 4) == 0)
                                {
-                                       if (data[t] != buffer[t])
-                                       {
-                                               command_print(cmd_ctx, "Verify operation failed address 0x%08x. Was 0x%02x instead of 0x%02x\n", t + image.sections[i].base_address, data[t], buffer[t]);
-                                               free(data);
-                                               free(buffer);
-                                               retval=ERROR_FAIL;
-                                               goto done;
-                                       }
-                                       if ((t%16384)==0)
+                                       size *= 4;
+                                       count /= 4;
+                               }
+                               retval = target_read_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, size, count, data);
+                               if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+                               {
+                                       u32 t;
+                                       for (t = 0; t < buf_cnt; t++)
                                        {
-                                               keep_alive();
+                                               if (data[t] != buffer[t])
+                                               {
+                                                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "Verify operation failed address 0x%08x. Was 0x%02x instead of 0x%02x\n", t + image.sections[i].base_address, data[t], buffer[t]);
+                                                       free(data);
+                                                       free(buffer);
+                                                       retval=ERROR_FAIL;
+                                                       goto done;
+                                               }
+                                               if ((t%16384)==0)
+                                               {
+                                                       keep_alive();
+                                               }
                                        }
                                }
-                       }
 
-                       free(data);
+                               free(data);
+                       }
+               } else
+               {
+                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "address 0x%08x length 0x%08x", image.sections[i].base_address, buf_cnt);
                }
 
                free(buffer);
@@ -2225,7 +2396,17 @@ done:
        return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_verify_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+{
+       return handle_verify_image_command_internal(cmd_ctx, cmd, args, argc, 1);
+}
+
+static int handle_test_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+{
+       return handle_verify_image_command_internal(cmd_ctx, cmd, args, argc, 0);
+}
+
+static int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int retval;
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
@@ -2266,7 +2447,8 @@ int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args,
                }
                else
                {
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "breakpoint added at address 0x%8.8x", strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0));
+                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "breakpoint added at address 0x%8.8lx",
+                                       strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0));
                }
        }
        else
@@ -2277,7 +2459,7 @@ int handle_bp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args,
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_rbp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_rbp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
 
@@ -2287,7 +2469,7 @@ int handle_rbp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_wp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_wp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
        int retval;
@@ -2349,7 +2531,7 @@ int handle_wp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args,
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_rwp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_rwp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
 
@@ -2359,7 +2541,7 @@ int handle_rwp_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_virt2phys_command(command_context_t *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_virt2phys_command(command_context_t *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        int retval;
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
@@ -2385,39 +2567,47 @@ int handle_virt2phys_command(command_context_t *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args,
        }
        return retval;
 }
+
+static void writeData(FILE *f, const void *data, size_t len)
+{
+       size_t written = fwrite(data, len, 1, f);
+       if (written != len)
+               LOG_ERROR("failed to write %zu bytes: %s", len, strerror(errno));
+}
+
 static void writeLong(FILE *f, int l)
 {
        int i;
        for (i=0; i<4; i++)
        {
                char c=(l>>(i*8))&0xff;
-               fwrite(&c, 1, 1, f);
+               writeData(f, &c, 1);
        }
 
 }
+
 static void writeString(FILE *f, char *s)
 {
-       fwrite(s, 1, strlen(s), f);
+       writeData(f, s, strlen(s));
 }
 
-
-
-// Dump a gmon.out histogram file.
-static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, int sampleNum, char *filename)
+/* Dump a gmon.out histogram file. */
+static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, u32 sampleNum, char *filename)
 {
-       int i;
+       u32 i;
        FILE *f=fopen(filename, "w");
        if (f==NULL)
                return;
-       fwrite("gmon", 1, 4, f);
-       writeLong(f, 0x00000001); // Version
-       writeLong(f, 0); // padding
-       writeLong(f, 0); // padding
-       writeLong(f, 0); // padding
+       writeString(f, "gmon");
+       writeLong(f, 0x00000001); /* Version */
+       writeLong(f, 0); /* padding */
+       writeLong(f, 0); /* padding */
+       writeLong(f, 0); /* padding */
 
-       fwrite("", 1, 1, f);  // GMON_TAG_TIME_HIST
+       u8 zero = 0;  /* GMON_TAG_TIME_HIST */
+       writeData(f, &zero, 1);
 
-       // figure out bucket size
+       /* figure out bucket size */
        u32 min=samples[0];
        u32 max=samples[0];
        for (i=0; i<sampleNum; i++)
@@ -2434,8 +2624,8 @@ static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, int sampleNum, char *filename)
 
        int addressSpace=(max-min+1);
 
-       static int const maxBuckets=256*1024; // maximum buckets.
-       int length=addressSpace;
+       static const u32 maxBuckets = 256 * 1024; /* maximum buckets. */
+       u32 length = addressSpace;
        if (length > maxBuckets)
        {
                length=maxBuckets;
@@ -2453,23 +2643,21 @@ static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, int sampleNum, char *filename)
                long long a=address-min;
                long long b=length-1;
                long long c=addressSpace-1;
-               int index=(a*b)/c; // danger!!!! int32 overflows
+               int index=(a*b)/c; /* danger!!!! int32 overflows */
                buckets[index]++;
        }
 
-       //                         append binary memory gmon.out &profile_hist_hdr ((char*)&profile_hist_hdr + sizeof(struct gmon_hist_hdr))
-       writeLong(f, min);                                      // low_pc
-       writeLong(f, max);              // high_pc
-       writeLong(f, length);           // # of samples
-       writeLong(f, 64000000);                         // 64MHz
+       /* append binary memory gmon.out &profile_hist_hdr ((char*)&profile_hist_hdr + sizeof(struct gmon_hist_hdr)) */
+       writeLong(f, min);                      /* low_pc */
+       writeLong(f, max);                      /* high_pc */
+       writeLong(f, length);           /* # of samples */
+       writeLong(f, 64000000);         /* 64MHz */
        writeString(f, "seconds");
        for (i=0; i<(15-strlen("seconds")); i++)
-       {
-               fwrite("", 1, 1, f);  // padding
-       }
+               writeData(f, &zero, 1);
        writeString(f, "s");
 
-//                        append binary memory gmon.out profile_hist_data (profile_hist_data + profile_hist_hdr.hist_size)
+       /*append binary memory gmon.out profile_hist_data (profile_hist_data + profile_hist_hdr.hist_size) */
 
        char *data=malloc(2*length);
        if (data!=NULL)
@@ -2486,7 +2674,7 @@ static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, int sampleNum, char *filename)
                        data[i*2+1]=(val>>8)&0xff;
                }
                free(buckets);
-               fwrite(data, 1, length*2, f);
+               writeData(f, data, length * 2);
                free(data);
        } else
        {
@@ -2497,7 +2685,7 @@ static void writeGmon(u32 *samples, int sampleNum, char *filename)
 }
 
 /* profiling samples the CPU PC as quickly as OpenOCD is able, which will be used as a random sampling of PC */
-int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
 {
        target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
        struct timeval timeout, now;
@@ -2523,7 +2711,7 @@ int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **
 
        int numSamples=0;
        int retval=ERROR_OK;
-       // hopefully it is safe to cache! We want to stop/restart as quickly as possible.
+       /* hopefully it is safe to cache! We want to stop/restart as quickly as possible. */
        reg_t *reg = register_get_by_name(target->reg_cache, "pc", 1);
 
        for (;;)
@@ -2535,10 +2723,10 @@ int handle_profile_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **
                        samples[numSamples++]=t;
                        retval = target_resume(target, 1, 0, 0, 0); /* current pc, addr = 0, do not handle breakpoints, not debugging */
                        target_poll(target);
-                       alive_sleep(10); // sleep 10ms, i.e. <100 samples/second.
+                       alive_sleep(10); /* sleep 10ms, i.e. <100 samples/second. */
                } else if (target->state == TARGET_RUNNING)
                {
-                       // We want to quickly sample the PC.
+                       /* We want to quickly sample the PC. */
                        if((retval = target_halt(target)) != ERROR_OK)
                        {
                                free(samples);
@@ -2629,45 +2817,46 @@ static int jim_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
 
-       return  target_mem2array(interp, target, argc,argv);
+       return  target_mem2array(interp, target, argc-1, argv+1);
 }
 
 static int target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
 {
        long l;
        u32 width;
-       u32 len;
+       int len;
        u32 addr;
        u32 count;
        u32 v;
        const char *varname;
        u8 buffer[4096];
-       int  i, n, e, retval;
+       int  n, e, retval;
+       u32 i;
 
        /* argv[1] = name of array to receive the data
         * argv[2] = desired width
         * argv[3] = memory address
         * argv[4] = count of times to read
         */
-       if (argc != 5) {
+       if (argc != 4) {
                Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "varname width addr nelems");
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
-       varname = Jim_GetString(argv[1], &len);
+       varname = Jim_GetString(argv[0], &len);
        /* given "foo" get space for worse case "foo(%d)" .. add 20 */
 
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[1], &l);
        width = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
        }
 
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
        addr = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
        }
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[4], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
        len = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
@@ -2730,7 +2919,7 @@ static int target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_
                        count = (sizeof(buffer)/width);
                }
 
-               retval = target->type->read_memory( target, addr, width, count, buffer );
+               retval = target_read_memory( target, addr, width, count, buffer );
                if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                        /* BOO !*/
                        LOG_ERROR("mem2array: Read @ 0x%08x, w=%d, cnt=%d, failed", addr, width, count);
@@ -2810,46 +2999,46 @@ static int jim_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
 
-       return target_array2mem( interp,target, argc, argv );
+       return target_array2mem( interp,target, argc-1, argv+1 );
 }
 
-
 static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
 {
        long l;
        u32 width;
-       u32 len;
+       int len;
        u32 addr;
        u32 count;
        u32 v;
        const char *varname;
        u8 buffer[4096];
-       int  i, n, e, retval;
+       int  n, e, retval;
+       u32 i;
 
        /* argv[1] = name of array to get the data
         * argv[2] = desired width
         * argv[3] = memory address
         * argv[4] = count to write
         */
-       if (argc != 5) {
+       if (argc != 4) {
                Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "varname width addr nelems");
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
-       varname = Jim_GetString(argv[1], &len);
+       varname = Jim_GetString(argv[0], &len);
        /* given "foo" get space for worse case "foo(%d)" .. add 20 */
 
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[1], &l);
        width = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
        }
 
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
        addr = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
        }
-       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[4], &l);
+       e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
        len = l;
        if (e != JIM_OK) {
                return e;
@@ -2898,7 +3087,6 @@ static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
 
-
        /* Transfer loop */
 
        /* index counter */
@@ -2930,7 +3118,7 @@ static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_
                }
                len -= count;
 
-               retval = target->type->write_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
+               retval = target_write_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
                if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                        /* BOO !*/
                        LOG_ERROR("array2mem: Write @ 0x%08x, w=%d, cnt=%d, failed", addr, width, count);
@@ -2946,15 +3134,13 @@ static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, target_t *target, int argc, Jim_
        return JIM_OK;
 }
 
-void
-target_all_handle_event( enum target_event e )
+void target_all_handle_event( enum target_event e )
 {
        target_t *target;
 
-
        LOG_DEBUG( "**all*targets: event: %d, %s",
-                  e,
-                  Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_event, e )->name );
+                       e,
+                       Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_event, e )->name );
 
        target = all_targets;
        while (target){
@@ -2963,8 +3149,7 @@ target_all_handle_event( enum target_event e )
        }
 }
 
-void
-target_handle_event( target_t *target, enum target_event e )
+void target_handle_event( target_t *target, enum target_event e )
 {
        target_event_action_t *teap;
        int done;
@@ -2978,7 +3163,7 @@ target_handle_event( target_t *target, enum target_event e )
                        LOG_DEBUG( "target: (%d) %s (%s) event: %d (%s) action: %s\n",
                                           target->target_number,
                                           target->cmd_name,
-                                          target->type->name,
+                                          target_get_name(target),
                                           e,
                                           Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple( nvp_target_event, e )->name,
                                           Jim_GetString( teap->body, NULL ) );
@@ -3008,7 +3193,6 @@ enum target_cfg_param {
        TCFG_CHAIN_POSITION,
 };
 
-
 static Jim_Nvp nvp_config_opts[] = {
        { .name = "-type",             .value = TCFG_TYPE },
        { .name = "-event",            .value = TCFG_EVENT },
@@ -3023,10 +3207,7 @@ static Jim_Nvp nvp_config_opts[] = {
        { .name = NULL, .value = -1 }
 };
 
-
-static int
-target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi,
-                                 target_t *target )
+static int target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi, target_t *target )
 {
        Jim_Nvp *n;
        Jim_Obj *o;
@@ -3034,11 +3215,10 @@ target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi,
        char *cp;
        int e;
 
-
        /* parse config or cget options ... */
        while( goi->argc > 0 ){
                Jim_SetEmptyResult( goi->interp );
-               //Jim_GetOpt_Debug( goi );
+               /* Jim_GetOpt_Debug( goi ); */
 
                if( target->type->target_jim_configure ){
                        /* target defines a configure function */
@@ -3072,7 +3252,7 @@ target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi,
                                        return JIM_ERR;
                                }
                        }
-                       Jim_SetResultString( goi->interp, target->type->name, -1 );
+                       Jim_SetResultString( goi->interp, target_get_name(target), -1 );
                        /* loop for more */
                        break;
                case TCFG_EVENT:
@@ -3099,14 +3279,13 @@ target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi,
                                }
                        }
 
-
                        {
                                target_event_action_t *teap;
 
                                teap = target->event_action;
                                /* replace existing? */
                                while( teap ){
-                                       if( teap->event == n->value ){
+                                       if( teap->event == (enum target_event)n->value ){
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        teap = teap->next;
@@ -3265,33 +3444,37 @@ target_configure( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi,
                        break;
                case TCFG_CHAIN_POSITION:
                        if( goi->isconfigure ){
+                               Jim_Obj *o;
+                               jtag_tap_t *tap;
                                target_free_all_working_areas(target);
-                               e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide( goi, &w );
+                               e = Jim_GetOpt_Obj( goi, &o );
                                if( e != JIM_OK ){
                                        return e;
                                }
+                               tap = jtag_TapByJimObj( goi->interp, o );
+                               if( tap == NULL ){
+                                       return JIM_ERR;
+                               }
                                /* make this exactly 1 or 0 */
-                               target->chain_position = w;
+                               target->tap = tap;
                        } else {
                                if( goi->argc != 0 ){
                                        goto no_params;
                                }
                        }
-                       Jim_SetResult( interp, Jim_NewIntObj( goi->interp, target->chain_position ) );
+                       Jim_SetResultString( interp, target->tap->dotted_name, -1 );
                        /* loop for more e*/
                        break;
                }
        } /* while( goi->argc ) */
+
+
                /* done - we return */
        return JIM_OK;
 }
 
-
 /** this is the 'tcl' handler for the target specific command */
-static int
-tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
-                                int argc,
-                                Jim_Obj *const *argv )
+static int tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
 {
        Jim_GetOptInfo goi;
        jim_wide a,b,c;
@@ -3302,7 +3485,6 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
        struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx;
        int e;
 
-
        enum {
                TS_CMD_CONFIGURE,
                TS_CMD_CGET,
@@ -3345,7 +3527,6 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
        };
 
-
        /* go past the "command" */
        Jim_GetOpt_Setup( &goi, interp, argc-1, argv+1 );
 
@@ -3358,7 +3539,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown( &goi, target_options, 0 );
                return e;
        }
-       // Assume blank result
+       /* Assume blank result */
        Jim_SetEmptyResult( goi.interp );
 
        switch( n->value ){
@@ -3428,7 +3609,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                        break;
                }
                for( x = 0 ; x < c ; x++ ){
-                       e = target->type->write_memory( target, a, b, 1, target_buf );
+                       e = target_write_memory( target, a, b, 1, target_buf );
                        if( e != ERROR_OK ){
                                Jim_SetResult_sprintf( interp, "Error writing @ 0x%08x: %d\n", (int)(a), e );
                                return JIM_ERR;
@@ -3484,7 +3665,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                        if( y > 16 ){
                                y = 16;
                        }
-                       e = target->type->read_memory( target, a, b, y / b, target_buf );
+                       e = target_read_memory( target, a, b, y / b, target_buf );
                        if( e != ERROR_OK ){
                                Jim_SetResult_sprintf( interp, "error reading target @ 0x%08lx", (int)(a) );
                                return JIM_ERR;
@@ -3567,7 +3748,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                        Jim_WrongNumArgs( goi.interp, 2, argv, "[no parameters]");
                        return JIM_ERR;
                }
-               if( !(target->type->examined) ){
+               if( !(target_was_examined(target)) ){
                        e = ERROR_TARGET_NOT_EXAMINED;
                } else {
                        e = target->type->poll( target );
@@ -3589,17 +3770,17 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                        Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown( &goi, nvp_assert, 1 );
                        return e;
                }
-               // the halt or not param
+               /* the halt or not param */
                e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide( &goi, &a);
                if( e != JIM_OK ){
                        return e;
                }
-               // determine if we should halt or not.
+               /* determine if we should halt or not. */
                target->reset_halt = !!a;
-               // When this happens - all workareas are invalid.
+               /* When this happens - all workareas are invalid. */
                target_free_all_working_areas_restore(target, 0);
 
-               // do the assert
+               /* do the assert */
                if( n->value == NVP_ASSERT ){
                        target->type->assert_reset( target );
                } else {
@@ -3614,7 +3795,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                target->type->halt( target );
                return JIM_OK;
        case TS_CMD_WAITSTATE:
-               // params:  <name>  statename timeoutmsecs
+               /* params:  <name>  statename timeoutmsecs */
                if( goi.argc != 2 ){
                        Jim_SetResult_sprintf( goi.interp, "%s STATENAME TIMEOUTMSECS", n->name );
                        return JIM_ERR;
@@ -3634,7 +3815,7 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
                                                                   "target: %s wait %s fails (%d) %s",
                                                                   target->cmd_name,
                                                                   n->name,
-                                              e, target_strerror_safe(e) );
+                                                                  e, target_strerror_safe(e) );
                        return JIM_ERR;
                } else {
                        return JIM_OK;
@@ -3685,11 +3866,8 @@ tcl_target_func( Jim_Interp *interp,
        return JIM_ERR;
 }
 
-
-static int
-target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
+static int target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
 {
-
        Jim_Obj *new_cmd;
        Jim_Cmd *cmd;
        const char *cp;
@@ -3743,7 +3921,6 @@ target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
 
-
        /* Create it */
        target = calloc(1,sizeof(target_t));
        /* set target number */
@@ -3770,6 +3947,8 @@ target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
        target->next                = NULL;
        target->arch_info           = NULL;
 
+       target->display             = 1;
+
        /* initialize trace information */
        target->trace_info = malloc(sizeof(trace_t));
        target->trace_info->num_trace_points         = 0;
@@ -3788,6 +3967,13 @@ target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
        /* Do the rest as "configure" options */
        goi->isconfigure = 1;
        e = target_configure( goi, target);
+
+       if (target->tap == NULL)
+       {
+               Jim_SetResultString( interp, "-chain-position required when creating target", -1);
+               e=JIM_ERR;
+       }
+
        if( e != JIM_OK ){
                free( target->type );
                free( target );
@@ -3799,6 +3985,10 @@ target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
                target->endianness = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
        }
 
+       /* incase variant is not set */
+       if (!target->variant)
+               target->variant = strdup("");
+
        /* create the target specific commands */
        if( target->type->register_commands ){
                (*(target->type->register_commands))( cmd_ctx );
@@ -3828,17 +4018,14 @@ target_create( Jim_GetOptInfo *goi )
                                                   target, /* private data */
                                                   NULL ); /* no del proc */
 
-       (*(target->type->target_create))( target, goi->interp );
        return e;
 }
 
-static int
-jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
+static int jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
 {
        int x,r,e;
        jim_wide w;
        struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx;
-       const char *cp;
        target_t *target;
        Jim_GetOptInfo goi;
        enum tcmd {
@@ -3853,11 +4040,11 @@ jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
        const char *target_cmds[] = {
                "create", "types", "names", "current", "number",
                "count",
-               NULL // terminate
+               NULL /* terminate */
        };
 
        LOG_DEBUG("Target command params:");
-       LOG_DEBUG(Jim_Debug_ArgvString( interp, argc, argv) );
+       LOG_DEBUG("%s", Jim_Debug_ArgvString(interp, argc, argv));
 
        cmd_ctx = Jim_GetAssocData( interp, "context" );
 
@@ -3868,85 +4055,7 @@ jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
                return JIM_ERR;
        }
 
-       /* is this old syntax? */
-       /* To determine: We have to peek at argv[0]*/
-       cp = Jim_GetString( goi.argv[0], NULL );
-       for( x = 0 ; target_types[x] ; x++ ){
-               if( 0 == strcmp(cp,target_types[x]->name) ){
-                       break;
-               }
-       }
-       if( target_types[x] ){
-               /* YES IT IS OLD SYNTAX */
-               Jim_Obj *new_argv[10];
-               int      new_argc;
-
-               /* target_old_syntax
-                *
-                * argv[0] typename (above)
-                * argv[1] endian
-                * argv[2] reset method, deprecated/ignored
-                * argv[3] = old param
-                * argv[4] = old param
-                *
-                * We will combine all "old params" into a single param.
-                * Then later, split them again.
-                */
-               if( argc < 4 ){
-                       Jim_WrongNumArgs( interp, 1, argv, "[OLDSYNTAX] ?TYPE? ?ENDIAN? ?RESET? ?old-params?");
-                       return JIM_ERR;
-               }
-               /* the command */
-               new_argv[0] = argv[0];
-               new_argv[1] = Jim_NewStringObj( interp, "create", -1 );
-               {
-                       char buf[ 30 ];
-                       sprintf( buf, "target%d", new_target_number() );
-                       new_argv[2] = Jim_NewStringObj( interp, buf , -1 );
-               }
-               new_argv[3] = goi.argv[0]; /* typename */
-               new_argv[4] = Jim_NewStringObj( interp, "-endian", -1 );
-               new_argv[5] = goi.argv[1];
-               new_argv[6] = Jim_NewStringObj( interp, "-chain-position", -1 );
-               new_argv[7] = goi.argv[3];
-               new_argv[8] = Jim_NewStringObj( interp, "-variant", -1 );
-               new_argv[9] = goi.argv[4];
-               new_argc = 10;
-               /*
-                * new arg syntax:
-                *   argv[0] = command
-                *   argv[1] = create
-                *   argv[2] = cmdname
-                *   argv[3] = typename
-                *   argv[4] = **FIRST** "configure" option.
-                *
-                * Here, we make them:
-                *
-                *   argv[4] = -endian
-                *   argv[5] = little
-                *   argv[6] = -position
-                *   argv[7] = NUMBER
-                *   argv[8] = -variant
-                *   argv[9] = "somestring"
-                */
-
-               /* don't let these be released */
-               for( x = 0 ; x < new_argc ; x++ ){
-                       Jim_IncrRefCount( new_argv[x]);
-               }
-               /* call our self */
-               LOG_DEBUG("Target OLD SYNTAX - converted to new syntax");
-
-               r = jim_target( goi.interp, new_argc, new_argv );
-
-               /* release? these items */
-               for( x = 0 ; x < new_argc ; x++ ){
-                       Jim_DecrRefCount( interp, new_argv[x] );
-               }
-               return r;
-       }
-
-       //Jim_GetOpt_Debug( &goi );
+       /* Jim_GetOpt_Debug( &goi ); */
        r = Jim_GetOpt_Enum( &goi, target_cmds, &x   );
        if( r != JIM_OK ){
                return r;
@@ -4027,3 +4136,197 @@ jim_target( Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv )
 
        return JIM_ERR;
 }
+
+
+struct FastLoad
+{
+       u32 address;
+       u8 *data;
+       int length;
+
+};
+
+static int fastload_num;
+static struct FastLoad *fastload;
+
+static void free_fastload(void)
+{
+       if (fastload!=NULL)
+       {
+               int i;
+               for (i=0; i<fastload_num; i++)
+               {
+                       if (fastload[i].data)
+                               free(fastload[i].data);
+               }
+               free(fastload);
+               fastload=NULL;
+       }
+}
+
+
+
+
+static int handle_fast_load_image_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+{
+       u8 *buffer;
+       u32 buf_cnt;
+       u32 image_size;
+       u32 min_address=0;
+       u32 max_address=0xffffffff;
+       int i;
+       int retval;
+
+       image_t image;
+
+       duration_t duration;
+       char *duration_text;
+
+       if ((argc < 1)||(argc > 5))
+       {
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+       }
+
+       /* a base address isn't always necessary, default to 0x0 (i.e. don't relocate) */
+       if (argc >= 2)
+       {
+               image.base_address_set = 1;
+               image.base_address = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               image.base_address_set = 0;
+       }
+
+
+       image.start_address_set = 0;
+
+       if (argc>=4)
+       {
+               min_address=strtoul(args[3], NULL, 0);
+       }
+       if (argc>=5)
+       {
+               max_address=strtoul(args[4], NULL, 0)+min_address;
+       }
+
+       if (min_address>max_address)
+       {
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+       }
+
+       duration_start_measure(&duration);
+
+       if (image_open(&image, args[0], (argc >= 3) ? args[2] : NULL) != ERROR_OK)
+       {
+               return ERROR_OK;
+       }
+
+       image_size = 0x0;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+       fastload_num=image.num_sections;
+       fastload=(struct FastLoad *)malloc(sizeof(struct FastLoad)*image.num_sections);
+       if (fastload==NULL)
+       {
+               image_close(&image);
+               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       }
+       memset(fastload, 0, sizeof(struct FastLoad)*image.num_sections);
+       for (i = 0; i < image.num_sections; i++)
+       {
+               buffer = malloc(image.sections[i].size);
+               if (buffer == NULL)
+               {
+                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "error allocating buffer for section (%d bytes)", image.sections[i].size);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if ((retval = image_read_section(&image, i, 0x0, image.sections[i].size, buffer, &buf_cnt)) != ERROR_OK)
+               {
+                       free(buffer);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               u32 offset=0;
+               u32 length=buf_cnt;
+
+
+               /* DANGER!!! beware of unsigned comparision here!!! */
+
+               if ((image.sections[i].base_address+buf_cnt>=min_address)&&
+                               (image.sections[i].base_address<max_address))
+               {
+                       if (image.sections[i].base_address<min_address)
+                       {
+                               /* clip addresses below */
+                               offset+=min_address-image.sections[i].base_address;
+                               length-=offset;
+                       }
+
+                       if (image.sections[i].base_address+buf_cnt>max_address)
+                       {
+                               length-=(image.sections[i].base_address+buf_cnt)-max_address;
+                       }
+
+                       fastload[i].address=image.sections[i].base_address+offset;
+                       fastload[i].data=malloc(length);
+                       if (fastload[i].data==NULL)
+                       {
+                               free(buffer);
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       memcpy(fastload[i].data, buffer+offset, length);
+                       fastload[i].length=length;
+
+                       image_size += length;
+                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "%u byte written at address 0x%8.8x", length, image.sections[i].base_address+offset);
+               }
+
+               free(buffer);
+       }
+
+       duration_stop_measure(&duration, &duration_text);
+       if (retval==ERROR_OK)
+       {
+               command_print(cmd_ctx, "Loaded %u bytes in %s", image_size, duration_text);
+               command_print(cmd_ctx, "NB!!! image has not been loaded to target, issue a subsequent 'fast_load' to do so.");
+       }
+       free(duration_text);
+
+       image_close(&image);
+
+       if (retval!=ERROR_OK)
+       {
+               free_fastload();
+       }
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int handle_fast_load_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+{
+       if (argc>0)
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
+       if (fastload==NULL)
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("No image in memory");
+               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       }
+       int i;
+       int ms=timeval_ms();
+       int size=0;
+       int retval=ERROR_OK;
+       for (i=0; i<fastload_num;i++)
+       {
+               target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
+               command_print(cmd_ctx, "Write to 0x%08x, length 0x%08x", fastload[i].address, fastload[i].length);
+               if (retval==ERROR_OK)
+               {
+                       retval = target_write_buffer(target, fastload[i].address, fastload[i].length, fastload[i].data);
+               }
+               size+=fastload[i].length;
+       }
+       int after=timeval_ms();
+       command_print(cmd_ctx, "Loaded image %f kBytes/s", (float)(size/1024.0)/((float)(after-ms)/1000.0));
+       return retval;
+}