openocd: fix SPDX tag format for files .c
[fw/openocd] / src / target / arm7_9_common.c
index 547bf3c490bac69fda56309b290ff433abc150be..8f87d9cdae03f8f9abb6f2c3351cc0b5b269fd8a 100644 (file)
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
 /***************************************************************************
  *   Copyright (C) 2005 by Dominic Rath                                    *
  *   Dominic.Rath@gmx.de                                                   *
  *                                                                         *
- *   Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Øyvind Harboe                                      *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Øyvind Harboe                                 *
  *   oyvind.harboe@zylin.com                                               *
  *                                                                         *
- *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
- *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
- *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
- *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver                                  *
+ *   spen@spen-soft.co.uk                                                  *
  *                                                                         *
- *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
- *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
- *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
- *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Hongtao Zheng                                   *
+ *   hontor@126.com                                                        *
  *                                                                         *
- *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
- *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
- *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
- *   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.             *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2009 by David Brownell                                  *
  ***************************************************************************/
+
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "replacements.h"
-
+#include "breakpoints.h"
 #include "embeddedice.h"
-#include "target.h"
 #include "target_request.h"
+#include "etm.h"
+#include <helper/time_support.h>
+#include "arm_simulator.h"
+#include "arm_semihosting.h"
+#include "algorithm.h"
+#include "register.h"
 #include "armv4_5.h"
-#include "arm_jtag.h"
-#include "jtag.h"
-#include "log.h"
-#include "arm7_9_common.h"
-#include "breakpoints.h"
 
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-
-int arm7_9_debug_entry(target_t *target);
-int arm7_9_enable_sw_bkpts(struct target_s *target);
-
-/* command handler forward declarations */
-int handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_im8_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_read_core_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_write_core_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_sw_bkpts_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_force_hw_bkpts_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_dbgrq_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_dcc_downloads_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-int handle_arm7_9_etm_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc);
-
-int arm7_9_reinit_embeddedice(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * @file
+ * Hold common code supporting the ARM7 and ARM9 core generations.
+ *
+ * While the ARM core implementations evolved substantially during these
+ * two generations, they look quite similar from the JTAG perspective.
+ * Both have similar debug facilities, based on the same two scan chains
+ * providing access to the core and to an EmbeddedICE module.  Both can
+ * support similar ETM and ETB modules, for tracing.  And both expose
+ * what could be viewed as "ARM Classic", with multiple processor modes,
+ * shadowed registers, and support for the Thumb instruction set.
+ *
+ * Processor differences include things like presence or absence of MMU
+ * and cache, pipeline sizes, use of a modified Harvard Architecture
+ * (with separate instruction and data buses from the CPU), support
+ * for cpu clock gating during idle, and more.
+ */
+
+static int arm7_9_debug_entry(struct target *target);
+
+/**
+ * Clear watchpoints for an ARM7/9 target.
+ *
+ * @param arm7_9 Pointer to the common struct for an ARM7/9 target
+ * @return JTAG error status after executing queue
+ */
+static int arm7_9_clear_watchpoints(struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-
-       breakpoint_t *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
-
-       arm7_9->wp_available = 2;
+       LOG_DEBUG("-");
+       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
+       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
+       arm7_9->sw_breakpoint_count = 0;
+       arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added = 0;
        arm7_9->wp0_used = 0;
-       arm7_9->wp1_used = 0;
-
-       /* mark all hardware breakpoints as unset */
-       while (breakpoint)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-               {
-                       breakpoint->set = 0;
-               }
-               breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
-       }
-
-       if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled && arm7_9->sw_bkpts_use_wp)
-       {
-               arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 0;
-               arm7_9_enable_sw_bkpts(target);
-       }
+       arm7_9->wp1_used = arm7_9->wp1_used_default;
+       arm7_9->wp_available = arm7_9->wp_available_max;
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return jtag_execute_queue();
 }
 
-/* set things up after a reset / on startup */
-int arm7_9_setup(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Assign a watchpoint to one of the two available hardware comparators in an
+ * ARM7 or ARM9 target.
+ *
+ * @param arm7_9 Pointer to the common struct for an ARM7/9 target
+ * @param breakpoint Pointer to the breakpoint to be used as a watchpoint
+ */
+static void arm7_9_assign_wp(struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9, struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
-       /* a test-logic reset have occured
-        * the EmbeddedICE registers have been reset
-        * hardware breakpoints have been cleared
-        */
-       return arm7_9_reinit_embeddedice(target);
+       if (!arm7_9->wp0_used) {
+               arm7_9->wp0_used = 1;
+               breakpoint_hw_set(breakpoint, 0);
+               arm7_9->wp_available--;
+       } else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used) {
+               arm7_9->wp1_used = 1;
+               breakpoint_hw_set(breakpoint, 1);
+               arm7_9->wp_available--;
+       } else {
+               LOG_ERROR("BUG: no hardware comparator available");
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG("BPID: %" PRIu32 " (0x%08" TARGET_PRIxADDR ") using hw wp: %u",
+                       breakpoint->unique_id,
+                       breakpoint->address,
+                       breakpoint->number);
 }
 
-int arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target_t *target, armv4_5_common_t **armv4_5_p, arm7_9_common_t **arm7_9_p)
+/**
+ * Setup an ARM7/9 target's embedded ICE registers for software breakpoints.
+ *
+ * @param arm7_9 Pointer to common struct for ARM7/9 targets
+ * @return Error codes if there is a problem finding a watchpoint or the result
+ * of executing the JTAG queue
+ */
+static int arm7_9_set_software_breakpoints(struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       if (arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added)
+               return ERROR_OK;
+       if (arm7_9->wp_available < 1) {
+               LOG_WARNING("can't enable sw breakpoints with no watchpoint unit available");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+       }
+       arm7_9->wp_available--;
 
-       if (armv4_5->common_magic != ARMV4_5_COMMON_MAGIC)
-       {
-               return -1;
+       /* pick a breakpoint unit */
+       if (!arm7_9->wp0_used) {
+               arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added = 1;
+               arm7_9->wp0_used = 3;
+       } else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used) {
+               arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added = 2;
+               arm7_9->wp1_used = 3;
+       } else {
+               LOG_ERROR("BUG: both watchpoints used, but wp_available >= 1");
+               return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
-       if (arm7_9->common_magic != ARM7_9_COMMON_MAGIC)
-       {
-               return -1;
+       if (arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added == 1) {
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_VALUE], arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0x0);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
+       } else if (arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added == 2) {
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_VALUE], arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0x0);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
+       } else {
+               LOG_ERROR("BUG: both watchpoints used, but wp_available >= 1");
+               return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
+       LOG_DEBUG("SW BP using hw wp: %d",
+               arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added);
 
-       *armv4_5_p = armv4_5;
-       *arm7_9_p = arm7_9;
+       return jtag_execute_queue();
+}
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+/**
+ * Setup the common pieces for an ARM7/9 target after reset or on startup.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to an ARM7/9 target to setup
+ * @return Result of clearing the watchpoints on the target
+ */
+static int arm7_9_setup(struct target *target)
+{
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+
+       return arm7_9_clear_watchpoints(arm7_9);
 }
 
-int arm7_9_set_breakpoint(struct target_s *target, breakpoint_t *breakpoint)
+/**
+ * Set either a hardware or software breakpoint on an ARM7/9 target.  The
+ * breakpoint is set up even if it is already set.  Some actions, e.g. reset,
+ * might have erased the values in Embedded ICE.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target device to set the breakpoints on
+ * @param breakpoint Pointer to the breakpoint to be set
+ * @return For hardware breakpoints, this is the result of executing the JTAG
+ * queue.  For software breakpoints, this will be the status of the
+ * required memory reads and writes
+ */
+static int arm7_9_set_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       LOG_DEBUG("BPID: %" PRIu32 ", Address: 0x%08" TARGET_PRIxADDR ", Type: %d",
+               breakpoint->unique_id,
+               breakpoint->address,
+               breakpoint->type);
+
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts)
-               breakpoint->type = BKPT_HARD;
+       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) {
+               /* either an ARM (4 byte) or Thumb (2 byte) breakpoint */
+               uint32_t mask = (breakpoint->length == 4) ? 0x3u : 0x1u;
 
-       if (breakpoint->set)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("breakpoint already set");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+               /* reassign a hw breakpoint */
+               if (!breakpoint->is_set)
+                       arm7_9_assign_wp(arm7_9, breakpoint);
 
-       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-       {
-               /* either an ARM (4 byte) or Thumb (2 byte) breakpoint */
-               u32 mask = (breakpoint->length == 4) ? 0x3u : 0x1u;
-               if (!arm7_9->wp0_used)
-               {
+               if (breakpoint->number == 0) {
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE], breakpoint->address);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], mask);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
-                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
+                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-
-                       jtag_execute_queue();
-                       arm7_9->wp0_used = 1;
-                       breakpoint->set = 1;
-               }
-               else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used)
-               {
+               } else if (breakpoint->number == 1) {
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE], breakpoint->address);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], mask);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
-                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
+                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-
-                       jtag_execute_queue();
-                       arm7_9->wp1_used = 1;
-                       breakpoint->set = 2;
-               }
-               else
-               {
+               } else {
                        LOG_ERROR("BUG: no hardware comparator available");
                        return ERROR_OK;
                }
-       }
-       else if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->length == 4)
-               {
-                       u32 verify = 0xffffffff;
+
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       } else if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT) {
+               /* did we already set this breakpoint? */
+               if (breakpoint->is_set)
+                       return ERROR_OK;
+
+               if (breakpoint->length == 4) {
+                       uint32_t verify = 0xffffffff;
                        /* keep the original instruction in target endianness */
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
-                       /* write the breakpoint instruction in target endianness (arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
-                       target_write_u32(target, breakpoint->address, arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
-
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, (u8 *)&verify);
-                       if (verify != arm7_9->arm_bkpt)
-                       {
-                               LOG_ERROR("Unable to set 32 bit software breakpoint at address %08x - check that memory is read/writable", breakpoint->address);
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       /* write the breakpoint instruction in target
+                        * endianness (arm7_9->arm_bkpt is host endian) */
+                       retval = target_write_u32(target, breakpoint->address, arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+
+                       retval = target_read_u32(target, breakpoint->address, &verify);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       if (verify != arm7_9->arm_bkpt) {
+                               LOG_ERROR("Unable to set 32 bit software breakpoint at address %08" TARGET_PRIxADDR
+                                               " - check that memory is read/writable", breakpoint->address);
                                return ERROR_OK;
                        }
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       u16 verify = 0xffff;
+               } else {
+                       uint16_t verify = 0xffff;
                        /* keep the original instruction in target endianness */
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
-                       /* write the breakpoint instruction in target endianness (arm7_9->thumb_bkpt is host endian) */
-                       target_write_u16(target, breakpoint->address, arm7_9->thumb_bkpt);
-
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, (u8 *)&verify);
-                       if (verify != arm7_9->thumb_bkpt)
-                       {
-                               LOG_ERROR("Unable to set thumb software breakpoint at address %08x - check that memory is read/writable", breakpoint->address);
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       /* write the breakpoint instruction in target
+                        * endianness (arm7_9->thumb_bkpt is host endian) */
+                       retval = target_write_u16(target, breakpoint->address, arm7_9->thumb_bkpt);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+
+                       retval = target_read_u16(target, breakpoint->address, &verify);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       if (verify != arm7_9->thumb_bkpt) {
+                               LOG_ERROR("Unable to set thumb software breakpoint at address %08" TARGET_PRIxADDR
+                                               " - check that memory is read/writable", breakpoint->address);
                                return ERROR_OK;
                        }
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 1;
-       }
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+               retval = arm7_9_set_software_breakpoints(arm7_9);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+
+               arm7_9->sw_breakpoint_count++;
 
+               breakpoint->is_set = true;
+       }
+
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(struct target_s *target, breakpoint_t *breakpoint)
+/**
+ * Unsets an existing breakpoint on an ARM7/9 target.  If it is a hardware
+ * breakpoint, the watchpoint used will be freed and the Embedded ICE registers
+ * will be updated.  Otherwise, the software breakpoint will be restored to its
+ * original instruction if it hasn't already been modified.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to ARM7/9 target to unset the breakpoint from
+ * @param breakpoint Pointer to breakpoint to be unset
+ * @return For hardware breakpoints, this is the result of executing the JTAG
+ * queue.  For software breakpoints, this will be the status of the
+ * required memory reads and writes
+ */
+static int arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
+       LOG_DEBUG("BPID: %" PRIu32 ", Address: 0x%08" TARGET_PRIxADDR,
+               breakpoint->unique_id,
+               breakpoint->address);
 
-       if (!breakpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (!breakpoint->is_set) {
                LOG_WARNING("breakpoint not set");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->set == 1)
-               {
+       if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) {
+               LOG_DEBUG("BPID: %" PRIu32 " Releasing hw wp: %d",
+                       breakpoint->unique_id,
+                       breakpoint->is_set);
+               if (breakpoint->number == 0) {
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-                       jtag_execute_queue();
                        arm7_9->wp0_used = 0;
-               }
-               else if (breakpoint->set == 2)
-               {
+                       arm7_9->wp_available++;
+               } else if (breakpoint->number == 1) {
                        embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-                       jtag_execute_queue();
                        arm7_9->wp1_used = 0;
+                       arm7_9->wp_available++;
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 0;
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               breakpoint->is_set = false;
+       } else {
                /* restore original instruction (kept in target endianness) */
-               if (breakpoint->length == 4)
-               {
-                       u32 current_instr;
+               if (breakpoint->length == 4) {
+                       uint32_t current_instr;
                        /* check that user program as not modified breakpoint instruction */
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, (u8*)&current_instr);
-                       if (current_instr==arm7_9->arm_bkpt)
-                               target->type->write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       u16 current_instr;
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target,
+                                       breakpoint->address, 4, 1, (uint8_t *)&current_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       current_instr = target_buffer_get_u32(target, (uint8_t *)&current_instr);
+                       if (current_instr == arm7_9->arm_bkpt) {
+                               retval = target_write_memory(target,
+                                               breakpoint->address, 4, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                       return retval;
+                       }
+
+               } else {
+                       uint16_t current_instr;
                        /* check that user program as not modified breakpoint instruction */
-                       target->type->read_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, (u8*)&current_instr);
-                       if (current_instr==arm7_9->thumb_bkpt)
-                               target->type->write_memory(target, breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                       retval = target_read_memory(target,
+                                       breakpoint->address, 2, 1, (uint8_t *)&current_instr);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       current_instr = target_buffer_get_u16(target, (uint8_t *)&current_instr);
+                       if (current_instr == arm7_9->thumb_bkpt) {
+                               retval = target_write_memory(target,
+                                               breakpoint->address, 2, 1, breakpoint->orig_instr);
+                               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                       return retval;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (--arm7_9->sw_breakpoint_count == 0) {
+                       /* We have removed the last sw breakpoint, clear the hw breakpoint we used
+                        *to implement it */
+                       if (arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added == 1)
+                               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                               EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0);
+                       else if (arm7_9->sw_breakpoints_added == 2)
+                               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                               EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0);
                }
-               breakpoint->set = 0;
+
+               breakpoint->is_set = false;
        }
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_add_breakpoint(struct target_s *target, breakpoint_t *breakpoint)
+/**
+ * Add a breakpoint to an ARM7/9 target.  This makes sure that there are no
+ * dangling breakpoints and that the desired breakpoint can be added.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target ARM7/9 device to add a breakpoint to
+ * @param breakpoint Pointer to the breakpoint to be added
+ * @return An error status if there is a problem adding the breakpoint or the
+ * result of setting the breakpoint
+ */
+int arm7_9_add_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
-
-       if (arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts)
-       {
-               LOG_DEBUG("forcing use of hardware breakpoint at address 0x%8.8x", breakpoint->address);
-               breakpoint->type = BKPT_HARD;
-       }
-
-       if ((breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT) && (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled == 0))
-       {
-               LOG_INFO("sw breakpoint requested, but software breakpoints not enabled");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+       if (arm7_9->breakpoint_count == 0) {
+               /* make sure we don't have any dangling breakpoints. This is vital upon
+                * GDB connect/disconnect
+                */
+               arm7_9_clear_watchpoints(arm7_9);
        }
 
-       if ((breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) && (arm7_9->wp_available < 1))
-       {
+       if ((breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD) && (arm7_9->wp_available < 1)) {
                LOG_INFO("no watchpoint unit available for hardware breakpoint");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
-       if ((breakpoint->length != 2) && (breakpoint->length != 4))
-       {
+       if ((breakpoint->length != 2) && (breakpoint->length != 4)) {
                LOG_INFO("only breakpoints of two (Thumb) or four (ARM) bytes length supported");
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
        }
 
        if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
-               arm7_9->wp_available--;
+               arm7_9_assign_wp(arm7_9, breakpoint);
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       arm7_9->breakpoint_count++;
+
+       return arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
 }
 
-int arm7_9_remove_breakpoint(struct target_s *target, breakpoint_t *breakpoint)
+/**
+ * Removes a breakpoint from an ARM7/9 target.  This will make sure there are no
+ * dangling breakpoints and updates available watchpoints if it is a hardware
+ * breakpoint.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target to have a breakpoint removed
+ * @param breakpoint Pointer to the breakpoint to be removed
+ * @return Error status if there was a problem unsetting the breakpoint or the
+ * watchpoints could not be cleared
+ */
+int arm7_9_remove_breakpoint(struct target *target, struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
-
-       if (breakpoint->set)
-       {
-               arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
-       }
+       retval = arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_HARD)
                arm7_9->wp_available++;
 
+       arm7_9->breakpoint_count--;
+       if (arm7_9->breakpoint_count == 0) {
+               /* make sure we don't have any dangling breakpoints */
+               retval = arm7_9_clear_watchpoints(arm7_9);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+       }
+
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_set_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
+/**
+ * Sets a watchpoint for an ARM7/9 target in one of the watchpoint units.  It is
+ * considered a bug to call this function when there are no available watchpoint
+ * units.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to an ARM7/9 target to set a watchpoint on
+ * @param watchpoint Pointer to the watchpoint to be set
+ * @return Error status if watchpoint set fails or the result of executing the
+ * JTAG queue
+ */
+static int arm7_9_set_watchpoint(struct target *target, struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
        int rw_mask = 1;
-       u32 mask;
+       uint32_t mask;
 
        mask = watchpoint->length - 1;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
@@ -355,36 +464,45 @@ int arm7_9_set_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
        else
                rw_mask = 1;
 
-       if (!arm7_9->wp0_used)
-       {
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE], watchpoint->address);
+       if (!arm7_9->wp0_used) {
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE],
+                       watchpoint->address);
                embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], mask);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], watchpoint->mask);
-               if( watchpoint->mask != 0xffffffffu )
-                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_VALUE], watchpoint->value);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], 0xff & ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & ~rw_mask);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE | EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC | (watchpoint->rw & 1));
-
-               jtag_execute_queue();
-               watchpoint->set = 1;
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK],
+                       watchpoint->mask);
+               if (watchpoint->mask != 0xffffffffu)
+                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_VALUE],
+                               watchpoint->value);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       0xff & ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & ~rw_mask);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE],
+                       EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE | EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC | (watchpoint->rw & 1));
+
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               watchpoint_set(watchpoint, 1);
                arm7_9->wp0_used = 2;
-       }
-       else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used)
-       {
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE], watchpoint->address);
+       } else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used) {
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE],
+                       watchpoint->address);
                embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], mask);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], watchpoint->mask);
-               if( watchpoint->mask != 0xffffffffu )
-                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_VALUE], watchpoint->value);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], 0xff & ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & ~rw_mask);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE | EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC | (watchpoint->rw & 1));
-
-               jtag_execute_queue();
-               watchpoint->set = 2;
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK],
+                       watchpoint->mask);
+               if (watchpoint->mask != 0xffffffffu)
+                       embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_VALUE],
+                               watchpoint->value);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       0xff & ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & ~rw_mask);
+               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE],
+                       EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE | EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC | (watchpoint->rw & 1));
+
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               watchpoint_set(watchpoint, 2);
                arm7_9->wp1_used = 2;
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                LOG_ERROR("BUG: no hardware comparator available");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
@@ -392,80 +510,87 @@ int arm7_9_set_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_unset_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
+/**
+ * Unset an existing watchpoint and clear the used watchpoint unit.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target to have the watchpoint removed
+ * @param watchpoint Pointer to the watchpoint to be removed
+ * @return Error status while trying to unset the watchpoint or the result of
+ *         executing the JTAG queue
+ */
+static int arm7_9_unset_watchpoint(struct target *target, struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (!watchpoint->set)
-       {
+       if (!watchpoint->is_set) {
                LOG_WARNING("breakpoint not set");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       if (watchpoint->set == 1)
-       {
+       if (watchpoint->number == 1) {
                embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-               jtag_execute_queue();
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
                arm7_9->wp0_used = 0;
-       }
-       else if (watchpoint->set == 2)
-       {
+       } else if (watchpoint->number == 2) {
                embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-               jtag_execute_queue();
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
                arm7_9->wp1_used = 0;
        }
-       watchpoint->set = 0;
+       watchpoint->is_set = false;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_add_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
+/**
+ * Add a watchpoint to an ARM7/9 target.  If there are no watchpoint units
+ * available, an error response is returned.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to add a watchpoint to
+ * @param watchpoint Pointer to the watchpoint to be added
+ * @return Error status while trying to add the watchpoint
+ */
+int arm7_9_add_watchpoint(struct target *target, struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
        if (arm7_9->wp_available < 1)
-       {
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
-       }
 
        if ((watchpoint->length != 1) && (watchpoint->length != 2) && (watchpoint->length != 4))
-       {
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
-       }
 
        arm7_9->wp_available--;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_remove_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
+/**
+ * Remove a watchpoint from an ARM7/9 target.  The watchpoint will be unset and
+ * the used watchpoint unit will be reopened.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target to remove a watchpoint from
+ * @param watchpoint Pointer to the watchpoint to be removed
+ * @return Result of trying to unset the watchpoint
+ */
+int arm7_9_remove_watchpoint(struct target *target, struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
-
-       if (watchpoint->set)
-       {
-               arm7_9_unset_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
+       if (watchpoint->is_set) {
+               retval = arm7_9_unset_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
 
        arm7_9->wp_available++;
@@ -473,281 +598,248 @@ int arm7_9_remove_watchpoint(struct target_s *target, watchpoint_t *watchpoint)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_enable_sw_bkpts(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Restarts the target by sending a RESTART instruction and moving the JTAG
+ * state to IDLE.  This includes a timeout waiting for DBGACK and SYSCOMP to be
+ * asserted by the processor.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to target to issue commands to
+ * @return Error status if there is a timeout or a problem while executing the
+ * JTAG queue
+ */
+int arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
        int retval;
-
-       if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled)
-               return ERROR_OK;
-
-       if (arm7_9->wp_available < 1)
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("can't enable sw breakpoints with no watchpoint unit available");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
-       }
-       arm7_9->wp_available--;
-
-       if (!arm7_9->wp0_used)
-       {
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_VALUE], arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0x0);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-               arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 1;
-               arm7_9->wp0_used = 3;
-       }
-       else if (!arm7_9->wp1_used)
-       {
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_VALUE], arm7_9->arm_bkpt);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0x0);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffffu);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
-               embeddedice_set_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-               arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 2;
-               arm7_9->wp1_used = 3;
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("BUG: both watchpoints used, but wp_available >= 1");
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
-       }
-
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("error writing EmbeddedICE registers to enable sw breakpoints");
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
-       };
-
-       return ERROR_OK;
-}
-
-int arm7_9_disable_sw_bkpts(struct target_s *target)
-{
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-
-       if (!arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled)
-               return ERROR_OK;
-
-       if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled == 1)
-       {
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-               arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 0;
-               arm7_9->wp0_used = 0;
-               arm7_9->wp_available++;
-       }
-       else if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled == 2)
-       {
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-               arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 0;
-               arm7_9->wp1_used = 0;
-               arm7_9->wp_available++;
-       }
-
-       return ERROR_OK;
-}
-
-int arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(struct target_s *target)
-{
-       int timeout;
-       int retval;
-
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       arm_jtag_t *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm_jtag *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       struct reg *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
 
        /* set RESTART instruction */
-       jtag_add_end_state(TAP_RTI);
        if (arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart) {
                arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart = 0;
-               arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0xf, NULL);
+               retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0xf, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
-       arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0x4, NULL);
+       retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0x4, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       for (timeout=0; timeout<50; timeout++)
-       {
+       int64_t then = timeval_ms();
+       bool timeout;
+       while (!(timeout = ((timeval_ms()-then) > 1000))) {
                /* read debug status register */
                embeddedice_read_reg(dbg_stat);
-               if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
                if ((buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_DBGACK, 1))
-                                  && (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_SYSCOMP, 1)))
+                               && (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_SYSCOMP, 1)))
                        break;
-               usleep(100000);
+               if (debug_level >= 3)
+                       alive_sleep(100);
+               else
+                       keep_alive();
        }
-       if (timeout == 50)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("timeout waiting for SYSCOMP & DBGACK, last DBG_STATUS: %x", buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, 0, dbg_stat->size));
+       if (timeout) {
+               LOG_ERROR("timeout waiting for SYSCOMP & DBGACK, last DBG_STATUS: %" PRIx32 "",
+                       buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, 0, dbg_stat->size));
                return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Restarts the target by sending a RESTART instruction and moving the JTAG
+ * state to IDLE.  This validates that DBGACK and SYSCOMP are set without
+ * waiting until they are.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target to issue commands to
+ * @return Always ERROR_OK
+ */
+static int arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(struct target *target)
 {
-       static int set=0;
-       static u8 check_value[4], check_mask[4];
+       static int set;
+       static uint8_t check_value[4], check_mask[4];
 
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       arm_jtag_t *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm_jtag *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       struct reg *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       int retval;
 
        /* set RESTART instruction */
-       jtag_add_end_state(TAP_RTI);
        if (arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart) {
                arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart = 0;
-               arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0xf, NULL);
+               retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0xf, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
-       arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0x4, NULL);
+       retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0x4, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       if (!set)
-       {
+       if (!set) {
                /* check for DBGACK and SYSCOMP set (others don't care) */
 
                /* NB! These are constants that must be available until after next jtag_execute() and
-                  we evaluate the values upon first execution in lieu of setting up these constants
-                  during early setup.
-               */
+                * we evaluate the values upon first execution in lieu of setting up these constants
+                * during early setup.
+                * */
                buf_set_u32(check_value, 0, 32, 0x9);
                buf_set_u32(check_mask, 0, 32, 0x9);
-               set=1;
+               set = 1;
        }
 
        /* read debug status register */
-       embeddedice_read_reg_w_check(dbg_stat, check_value, check_value);
+       embeddedice_read_reg_w_check(dbg_stat, check_value, check_mask);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_target_request_data(target_t *target, u32 size, u8 *buffer)
+/**
+ * Get some data from the ARM7/9 target.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to read data from
+ * @param size The number of 32bit words to be read
+ * @param buffer Pointer to the buffer that will hold the data
+ * @return The result of receiving data from the Embedded ICE unit
+ */
+int arm7_9_target_request_data(struct target *target, uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       arm_jtag_t *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
-       u32 *data;
-       int i;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm_jtag *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       uint32_t *data;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       uint32_t i;
 
-       data = malloc(size * (sizeof(u32)));
+       data = malloc(size * (sizeof(uint32_t)));
 
-       embeddedice_receive(jtag_info, data, size);
+       retval = embeddedice_receive(jtag_info, data, size);
 
+       /* return the 32-bit ints in the 8-bit array */
        for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
-       {
                h_u32_to_le(buffer + (i * 4), data[i]);
-       }
 
        free(data);
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_handle_target_request(void *priv)
+/**
+ * Handles requests to an ARM7/9 target.  If debug messaging is enabled, the
+ * target is running and the DCC control register has the W bit high, this will
+ * execute the request on the target.
+ *
+ * @param priv Void pointer expected to be a struct target pointer
+ * @return ERROR_OK unless there are issues with the JTAG queue or when reading
+ * from the Embedded ICE unit
+ */
+static int arm7_9_handle_target_request(void *priv)
 {
-       target_t *target = priv;
-       if (!target->type->examined)
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct target *target = priv;
+       if (!target_was_examined(target))
                return ERROR_OK;
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       arm_jtag_t *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
-       reg_t *dcc_control = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_CTRL];
-
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm_jtag *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       struct reg *dcc_control = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_CTRL];
 
        if (!target->dbg_msg_enabled)
                return ERROR_OK;
 
-       if (target->state == TARGET_RUNNING)
-       {
+       if (target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) {
                /* read DCC control register */
                embeddedice_read_reg(dcc_control);
-               jtag_execute_queue();
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
 
                /* check W bit */
-               if (buf_get_u32(dcc_control->value, 1, 1) == 1)
-               {
-                       u32 request;
+               if (buf_get_u32(dcc_control->value, 1, 1) == 1) {
+                       uint32_t request;
 
-                       embeddedice_receive(jtag_info, &request, 1);
-                       target_request(target, request);
+                       retval = embeddedice_receive(jtag_info, &request, 1);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       retval = target_request(target, request);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
                }
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_poll(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Polls an ARM7/9 target for its current status.  If DBGACK is set, the target
+ * is manipulated to the right halted state based on its current state.  This is
+ * what happens:
+ *
+ * <table>
+ *   <tr><th > State</th><th > Action</th></tr>
+ *   <tr><td > TARGET_RUNNING | TARGET_RESET</td>
+ *     <td > Enters debug mode.  If TARGET_RESET, pc may be checked</td></tr>
+ *   <tr><td > TARGET_UNKNOWN</td><td > Warning is logged</td></tr>
+ *   <tr><td > TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING</td><td > Enters debug mode</td></tr>
+ *   <tr><td > TARGET_HALTED</td><td > Nothing</td></tr>
+ * </table>
+ *
+ * If the target does not end up in the halted state, a warning is produced.  If
+ * DBGACK is cleared, then the target is expected to either be running or
+ * running in debug.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to poll
+ * @return ERROR_OK or an error status if a command fails
+ */
+int arm7_9_poll(struct target *target)
 {
        int retval;
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct reg *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
 
        /* read debug status register */
        embeddedice_read_reg(dbg_stat);
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
-       }
 
-       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_DBGACK, 1))
-       {
-/*             LOG_DEBUG("DBGACK set, dbg_state->value: 0x%x", buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, 0, 32));*/
-               if (target->state == TARGET_UNKNOWN)
-               {
+       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_DBGACK, 1)) {
+               /* LOG_DEBUG("DBGACK set, dbg_state->value: 0x%x", buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, 0, *32));*/
+               if (target->state == TARGET_UNKNOWN) {
+                       /* Starting OpenOCD with target in debug-halt */
                        target->state = TARGET_RUNNING;
-                       LOG_WARNING("DBGACK set while target was in unknown state. Reset or initialize target.");
+                       LOG_DEBUG("DBGACK already set during server startup.");
                }
-               if ((target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) || (target->state == TARGET_RESET))
-               {
-                       int check_pc=0;
-                       if (target->state == TARGET_RESET)
-                       {
-                               if (target->reset_halt)
-                               {
-                                       if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)==0)
-                                       {
-                                               check_pc = 1;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-
+               if ((target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) || (target->state == TARGET_RESET)) {
                        target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
 
-                       if ((retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
 
-                       if (check_pc)
-                       {
-                               reg_t *reg = register_get_by_name(target->reg_cache, "pc", 1);
-                               u32 t=*((u32 *)reg->value);
-                               if (t!=0)
-                               {
-                                       LOG_ERROR("PC was not 0. Does this target need srst_pulls_trst?");
-                               }
-                       }
+                       if (arm_semihosting(target, &retval) != 0)
+                               return retval;
 
-                       target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+                       retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
                }
-               if (target->state == TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING)
-               {
+               if (target->state == TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING) {
                        target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
-                       if ((retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                                return retval;
 
-                       target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_HALTED);
+                       retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_HALTED);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
                }
                if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-               {
-                       LOG_WARNING("DBGACK set, but the target did not end up in the halted stated %d", target->state);
-               }
-       }
-       else
-       {
+                       LOG_WARNING(
+                               "DBGACK set, but the target did not end up in the halted state %d",
+                               target->state);
+       } else {
                if (target->state != TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING)
                        target->state = TARGET_RUNNING;
        }
@@ -755,130 +847,196 @@ int arm7_9_poll(target_t *target)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-/*
-  Some -S targets (ARM966E-S in the STR912 isn't affected, ARM926EJ-S
-  in the LPC3180 and AT91SAM9260 is affected) completely stop the JTAG clock
-  while the core is held in reset(SRST). It isn't possible to program the halt
-  condition once reset was asserted, hence a hook that allows the target to set
-  up its reset-halt condition prior to asserting reset.
-*/
-
-int arm7_9_assert_reset(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Asserts the reset (SRST) on an ARM7/9 target.  Some -S targets (ARM966E-S in
+ * the STR912 isn't affected, ARM926EJ-S in the LPC3180 and AT91SAM9260 is
+ * affected) completely stop the JTAG clock while the core is held in reset
+ * (SRST).  It isn't possible to program the halt condition once reset is
+ * asserted, hence a hook that allows the target to set up its reset-halt
+ * condition is setup prior to asserting reset.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to an ARM7/9 target to assert reset on
+ * @return ERROR_FAIL if the JTAG device does not have SRST, otherwise ERROR_OK
+ */
+int arm7_9_assert_reset(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s", target_state_strings[target->state]);
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
+       bool use_event = false;
 
-       if (!(jtag_reset_config & RESET_HAS_SRST))
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("Can't assert SRST");
+       /* TODO: apply hw reset signal in not examined state */
+       if (!(target_was_examined(target))) {
+               LOG_WARNING("Reset is not asserted because the target is not examined.");
+               LOG_WARNING("Use a reset button or power cycle the target.");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_EXAMINED;
+       }
+
+       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s", target_state_name(target));
+
+       if (target_has_event_action(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESET_ASSERT))
+               use_event = true;
+       else if (!(jtag_reset_config & RESET_HAS_SRST)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("%s: how to reset?", target_name(target));
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
-       if (target->reset_halt)
-       {
+       /* At this point trst has been asserted/deasserted once. We would
+        * like to program EmbeddedICE while SRST is asserted, instead of
+        * depending on SRST to leave that module alone.  However, many CPUs
+        * gate the JTAG clock while SRST is asserted; or JTAG may need
+        * clock stability guarantees (adaptive clocking might help).
+        *
+        * So we assume JTAG access during SRST is off the menu unless it's
+        * been specifically enabled.
+        */
+       bool srst_asserted = false;
+
+       if (!use_event && !(jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)
+                       && (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_NO_GATING)) {
+               jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
+               srst_asserted = true;
+       }
+
+       if (target->reset_halt) {
                /*
-                * Some targets do not support communication while SRST is asserted. We need to
-                * set up the reset vector catch here.
+                * For targets that don't support communication while SRST is
+                * asserted, we need to set up the reset vector catch first.
                 *
-                * If TRST is asserted, then these settings will be reset anyway, so setting them
-                * here is harmless.
+                * When we use TRST+SRST and that's equivalent to a power-up
+                * reset, these settings may well be reset anyway; so setting
+                * them here won't matter.
                 */
-               if (arm7_9->has_vector_catch)
-               {
-                       /* program vector catch register to catch reset vector */
+               if (arm7_9->has_vector_catch) {
+                       /* program vector catch register to catch reset */
                        embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_VEC_CATCH], 0x1);
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       /* program watchpoint unit to match on reset vector address */
+
+                       /* extra runtest added as issues were found with
+                        * certain ARM9 cores (maybe more) - AT91SAM9260
+                        * and STR9
+                        */
+                       jtag_add_runtest(1, TAP_IDLE);
+               } else {
+                       /* program watchpoint unit to match on reset vector
+                        * address
+                        */
                        embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE], 0x0);
                        embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0x3);
                        embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
                        embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-                       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
+                       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
                }
        }
 
-       /* here we should issue a srst only, but we may have to assert trst as well */
-       if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)
-       {
-               jtag_add_reset(1, 1);
-       } else
-       {
-               jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
+       if (use_event)
+               target_handle_event(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESET_ASSERT);
+       else {
+               /* If we use SRST ... we'd like to issue just SRST, but the
+                * board or chip may be set up so we have to assert TRST as
+                * well.  On some chips that combination is equivalent to a
+                * power-up reset, and generally clobbers EICE state.
+                */
+               if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)
+                       jtag_add_reset(1, 1);
+               else if (!srst_asserted)
+                       jtag_add_reset(0, 1);
+               jtag_add_sleep(50000);
        }
 
-
        target->state = TARGET_RESET;
-       jtag_add_sleep(50000);
+       register_cache_invalidate(arm7_9->arm.core_cache);
 
-       armv4_5_invalidate_core_regs(target);
-
-    if ((target->reset_halt)&&((jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)==0))
-       {
-               /* debug entry was already prepared in arm7_9_assert_reset() */
+       /* REVISIT why isn't standard debug entry logic sufficient?? */
+       if (target->reset_halt && (!(jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST) || use_event)) {
+               /* debug entry was prepared above */
                target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ;
        }
-       
-       return ERROR_OK;
 
+       return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_deassert_reset(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Deassert the reset (SRST) signal on an ARM7/9 target.  If SRST pulls TRST
+ * and the target is being reset into a halt, a warning will be triggered
+ * because it is not possible to reset into a halted mode in this case.  The
+ * target is halted using the target's functions.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the target to have the reset deasserted
+ * @return ERROR_OK or an error from polling or halting the target
+ */
+int arm7_9_deassert_reset(struct target *target)
 {
-       int retval=ERROR_OK;
-       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s", target_state_strings[target->state]);
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s", target_state_name(target));
 
        /* deassert reset lines */
        jtag_add_reset(0, 0);
 
-       if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST)!=0)
-       {
-               /* set up embedded ice registers again */
-               if ((retval=target->type->examine(target))!=ERROR_OK)
+       /* In case polling is disabled, we need to examine the
+        * target and poll here for this target to work correctly.
+        *
+        * Otherwise, e.g. halt will fail afterwards with bogus
+        * error messages as halt will believe that reset is
+        * still in effect.
+        */
+       retval = target_examine_one(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
+
+       retval = target_poll(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
+
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
+       if (target->reset_halt && (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST) != 0) {
+               LOG_WARNING(
+                       "srst pulls trst - can not reset into halted mode. Issuing halt after reset.");
+               retval = target_halt(target);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
        }
        return retval;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_clear_halt(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Clears the halt condition for an ARM7/9 target.  If it isn't coming out of
+ * reset and if DBGRQ is used, it is programmed to be deasserted.  If the reset
+ * vector catch was used, it is restored.  Otherwise, the control value is
+ * restored and the watchpoint unit is restored if it was in use.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to have halt cleared
+ * @return Always ERROR_OK
+ */
+static int arm7_9_clear_halt(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
 
        /* we used DBGRQ only if we didn't come out of reset */
-       if (!arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset && arm7_9->use_dbgrq)
-       {
+       if (!arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset && arm7_9->use_dbgrq) {
                /* program EmbeddedICE Debug Control Register to deassert DBGRQ
                 */
                buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_DBGRQ, 1, 0);
                embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               if (arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset && arm7_9->has_vector_catch)
-               {
+       } else {
+               if (arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset && arm7_9->has_vector_catch) {
                        /* if we came out of reset, and vector catch is supported, we used
                         * vector catch to enter debug state
                         * restore the register in that case
                         */
                        embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_VEC_CATCH]);
-               }
-               else
-               {
+               } else {
                        /* restore registers if watchpoint unit 0 was in use
                         */
-                       if (arm7_9->wp0_used)
-                       {
+                       if (arm7_9->wp0_used) {
                                if (arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset)
-                               {
-                                       embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE]);
-                               }
-                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK]);
-                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK]);
-                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK]);
+                                       embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                                       EICE_W0_ADDR_VALUE]);
+                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                               EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK]);
+                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                               EICE_W0_DATA_MASK]);
+                               embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[
+                                               EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK]);
                        }
                        /* control value always has to be restored, as it was either disabled,
                         * or enabled with possibly different bits
@@ -890,31 +1048,51 @@ int arm7_9_clear_halt(target_t *target)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_soft_reset_halt(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Issue a software reset and halt to an ARM7/9 target.  The target is halted
+ * and then there is a wait until the processor shows the halt.  This wait can
+ * timeout and results in an error being returned.  The software reset involves
+ * clearing the halt, updating the debug control register, changing to ARM mode,
+ * reset of the program counter, and reset of all of the registers.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to be reset and halted by software
+ * @return Error status if any of the commands fail, otherwise ERROR_OK
+ */
+int arm7_9_soft_reset_halt(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct reg *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
        int i;
        int retval;
 
-       if ((retval=target_halt(target))!=ERROR_OK)
+       /* FIX!!! replace some of this code with tcl commands
+        *
+        * halt # the halt command is synchronous
+        * armv4_5 core_state arm
+        *
+        */
+
+       retval = target_halt(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       for (i=0; i<10; i++)
-       {
+       long long then = timeval_ms();
+       int timeout;
+       while (!(timeout = ((timeval_ms()-then) > 1000))) {
                if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_DBGACK, 1) != 0)
                        break;
                embeddedice_read_reg(dbg_stat);
-               if ((retval=jtag_execute_queue())!=ERROR_OK)
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                        return retval;
-               /* do not eat all CPU, time out after 1 se*/
-               usleep(100*1000);
-
+               if (debug_level >= 3)
+                       alive_sleep(100);
+               else
+                       keep_alive();
        }
-       if (i==10)
-       {
+       if (timeout) {
                LOG_ERROR("Failed to halt CPU after 1 sec");
                return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
        }
@@ -928,94 +1106,103 @@ int arm7_9_soft_reset_halt(struct target_s *target)
        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_INTDIS, 1, 1);
        embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
 
-       arm7_9_clear_halt(target);
+       retval = arm7_9_clear_halt(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        /* if the target is in Thumb state, change to ARM state */
-       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_ITBIT, 1))
-       {
-               u32 r0_thumb, pc_thumb;
+       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_ITBIT, 1)) {
+               uint32_t r0_thumb, pc_thumb;
                LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug from Thumb state, changing to ARM");
                /* Entered debug from Thumb mode */
-               armv4_5->core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB;
+               arm->core_state = ARM_STATE_THUMB;
                arm7_9->change_to_arm(target, &r0_thumb, &pc_thumb);
        }
 
+       /* REVISIT likewise for bit 5 -- switch Jazelle-to-ARM */
+
        /* all register content is now invalid */
-       armv4_5_invalidate_core_regs(target);
+       register_cache_invalidate(arm->core_cache);
 
        /* SVC, ARM state, IRQ and FIQ disabled */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8, 0xd3);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].valid = 1;
+       uint32_t cpsr;
 
-       /* start fetching from 0x0 */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32, 0x0);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].valid = 1;
-
-       armv4_5->core_mode = ARMV4_5_MODE_SVC;
-       armv4_5->core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM;
+       cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32);
+       cpsr &= ~0xff;
+       cpsr |= 0xd3;
+       arm_set_cpsr(arm, cpsr);
+       arm->cpsr->dirty = true;
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       /* start fetching from 0x0 */
+       buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, 0x0);
+       arm->pc->dirty = true;
+       arm->pc->valid = true;
 
        /* reset registers */
-       for (i = 0; i <= 14; i++)
-       {
-               buf_set_u32(ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).value, 0, 32, 0xffffffff);
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).dirty = 1;
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).valid = 1;
+       for (i = 0; i <= 14; i++) {
+               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(arm, i);
+
+               buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, 0xffffffff);
+               r->dirty = true;
+               r->valid = true;
        }
 
-       target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+       retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_halt(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Halt an ARM7/9 target.  This is accomplished by either asserting the DBGRQ
+ * line or by programming a watchpoint to trigger on any address.  It is
+ * considered a bug to call this function while the target is in the
+ * TARGET_RESET state.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to be halted
+ * @return Always ERROR_OK
+ */
+int arm7_9_halt(struct target *target)
 {
-       if (target->state==TARGET_RESET)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("BUG: arm7/9 does not support halt during reset. This is handled in arm7_9_assert_reset()");
+       if (target->state == TARGET_RESET) {
+               LOG_ERROR(
+                       "BUG: arm7/9 does not support halt during reset. This is handled in arm7_9_assert_reset()");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s", target_state_strings[target->state]);
+       LOG_DEBUG("target->state: %s",
+               target_state_name(target));
 
-       if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_DEBUG("target was already halted");
                return ERROR_OK;
        }
 
        if (target->state == TARGET_UNKNOWN)
-       {
                LOG_WARNING("target was in unknown state when halt was requested");
-       }
 
-       if (arm7_9->use_dbgrq)
-       {
+       if (arm7_9->use_dbgrq) {
                /* program EmbeddedICE Debug Control Register to assert DBGRQ
                 */
-               if (arm7_9->set_special_dbgrq) {
+               if (arm7_9->set_special_dbgrq)
                        arm7_9->set_special_dbgrq(target);
-               else {
+               else {
                        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_DBGRQ, 1, 1);
                        embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
                }
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                /* program watchpoint unit to match on any address
                 */
                embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffff);
                embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE],
+                       EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
        }
 
        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ;
@@ -1023,27 +1210,34 @@ int arm7_9_halt(target_t *target)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_debug_entry(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Handle an ARM7/9 target's entry into debug mode.  The halt is cleared on the
+ * ARM.  The JTAG queue is then executed and the reason for debug entry is
+ * examined.  Once done, the target is verified to be halted and the processor
+ * is forced into ARM mode.  The core registers are saved for the current core
+ * mode and the program counter (register 15) is updated as needed.  The core
+ * registers and CPSR and SPSR are saved for restoration later.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to target that is entering debug mode
+ * @return Error code if anything fails, otherwise ERROR_OK
+ */
+static int arm7_9_debug_entry(struct target *target)
 {
        int i;
-       u32 context[16];
-       u32* context_p[16];
-       u32 r0_thumb, pc_thumb;
-       u32 cpsr;
+       uint32_t context[16];
+       uint32_t *context_p[16];
+       uint32_t r0_thumb, pc_thumb;
+       uint32_t cpsr, cpsr_mask = 0;
        int retval;
-       /* get pointers to arch-specific information */
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct reg *dbg_stat = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_STAT];
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
 
 #ifdef _DEBUG_ARM7_9_
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 #endif
 
-       if (arm7_9->pre_debug_entry)
-               arm7_9->pre_debug_entry(target);
-
        /* program EmbeddedICE Debug Control Register to assert DBGACK and INTDIS
         * ensure that DBGRQ is cleared
         */
@@ -1052,37 +1246,46 @@ int arm7_9_debug_entry(target_t *target)
        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_INTDIS, 1, 1);
        embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
 
-       arm7_9_clear_halt(target);
-
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = arm7_9_clear_halt(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
-       }
 
-       if ((retval = arm7_9->examine_debug_reason(target)) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
+       retval = arm7_9->examine_debug_reason(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* if the target is in Thumb state, change to ARM state */
-       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_ITBIT, 1))
-       {
+       if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, EICE_DBG_STATUS_ITBIT, 1)) {
                LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug from Thumb state");
                /* Entered debug from Thumb mode */
-               armv4_5->core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB;
+               arm->core_state = ARM_STATE_THUMB;
+               cpsr_mask = 1 << 5;
                arm7_9->change_to_arm(target, &r0_thumb, &pc_thumb);
-               LOG_DEBUG("r0_thumb: 0x%8.8x, pc_thumb: 0x%8.8x", r0_thumb, pc_thumb);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               LOG_DEBUG("r0_thumb: 0x%8.8" PRIx32
+                       ", pc_thumb: 0x%8.8" PRIx32, r0_thumb, pc_thumb);
+       } else if (buf_get_u32(dbg_stat->value, 5, 1)) {
+               /* \todo Get some vaguely correct handling of Jazelle, if
+                * anyone ever uses it and full info becomes available.
+                * See ARM9EJS TRM B.7.1 for how to switch J->ARM; and
+                * B.7.3 for the reverse.  That'd be the bare minimum...
+                */
+               LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug from Jazelle state");
+               arm->core_state = ARM_STATE_JAZELLE;
+               cpsr_mask = 1 << 24;
+               LOG_ERROR("Jazelle debug entry -- BROKEN!");
+       } else {
                LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug from ARM state");
                /* Entered debug from ARM mode */
-               armv4_5->core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM;
+               arm->core_state = ARM_STATE_ARM;
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
@@ -1092,146 +1295,152 @@ int arm7_9_debug_entry(target_t *target)
 
        arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &cpsr, 0);
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       /* if the core has been executing in Thumb state, set the T bit */
-       if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB)
-               cpsr |= 0x20;
-
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 32, cpsr);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].dirty = 0;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].valid = 1;
-
-       armv4_5->core_mode = cpsr & 0x1f;
+       /* Sync our CPSR copy with J or T bits EICE reported, but
+        * which we then erased by putting the core into ARM mode.
+        */
+       arm_set_cpsr(arm, cpsr | cpsr_mask);
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode) == -1)
-       {
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode)) {
                target->state = TARGET_UNKNOWN;
                LOG_ERROR("cpsr contains invalid mode value - communication failure");
                return ERROR_TARGET_FAILURE;
        }
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug state in %s mode", armv4_5_mode_strings[armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)]);
+       LOG_DEBUG("target entered debug state in %s mode",
+               arm_mode_name(arm->core_mode));
 
-       if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB)
-       {
+       if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB) {
                LOG_DEBUG("thumb state, applying fixups");
                context[0] = r0_thumb;
                context[15] = pc_thumb;
-       } else if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM)
-       {
+       } else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) {
                /* adjust value stored by STM */
                context[15] -= 3 * 4;
        }
 
-       if ((target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT)
-                       || (target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP)
-                       || (target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_WATCHPOINT)
-                       || (target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_WPTANDBKPT)
-                       || ((target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_DBGRQ) && (arm7_9->use_dbgrq == 0)))
-               context[15] -= 3 * ((armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2);
-       else if (target->debug_reason == DBG_REASON_DBGRQ)
-               context[15] -= arm7_9->dbgreq_adjust_pc * ((armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2);
+       if ((target->debug_reason != DBG_REASON_DBGRQ) || (!arm7_9->use_dbgrq))
+               context[15] -= 3 * ((arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2);
        else
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("unknown debug reason: %i", target->debug_reason);
-       }
+               context[15] -= arm7_9->dbgreq_adjust_pc *
+                       ((arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM) ? 4 : 2);
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       for (i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {
+               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(arm, i);
 
-       for (i=0; i<=15; i++)
-       {
-               LOG_DEBUG("r%i: 0x%8.8x", i, context[i]);
-               buf_set_u32(ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).value, 0, 32, context[i]);
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).dirty = 0;
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).valid = 1;
+               LOG_DEBUG("r%i: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", i, context[i]);
+
+               buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, context[i]);
+               /* r0 and r15 (pc) have to be restored later */
+               r->dirty = (i == 0) || (i == 15);
+               r->valid = true;
        }
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("entered debug state at PC 0x%x", context[15]);
-
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
-               return ERROR_FAIL;
+       LOG_DEBUG("entered debug state at PC 0x%" PRIx32 "", context[15]);
 
        /* exceptions other than USR & SYS have a saved program status register */
-       if ((armv4_5->core_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_USR) && (armv4_5->core_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_SYS))
-       {
-               u32 spsr;
+       if (arm->spsr) {
+               uint32_t spsr;
                arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &spsr, 1);
-               jtag_execute_queue();
-               buf_set_u32(ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 16).value, 0, 32, spsr);
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 16).dirty = 0;
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 16).valid = 1;
+               retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               buf_set_u32(arm->spsr->value, 0, 32, spsr);
+               arm->spsr->dirty = false;
+               arm->spsr->valid = true;
        }
 
-       /* r0 and r15 (pc) have to be restored later */
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 0).dirty = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 0).valid;
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 15).dirty = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, 15).valid;
-
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
 
-       if (arm7_9->post_debug_entry)
-               arm7_9->post_debug_entry(target);
+       if (arm7_9->post_debug_entry) {
+               retval = arm7_9->post_debug_entry(target);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+       }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_full_context(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Validate the full context for an ARM7/9 target in all processor modes.  If
+ * there are any invalid registers for the target, they will all be read.  This
+ * includes the PSR.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to capture the full context from
+ * @return Error if the target is not halted, has an invalid core mode, or if
+ *         the JTAG queue fails to execute
+ */
+static int arm7_9_full_context(struct target *target)
 {
        int i;
        int retval;
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct {
+               uint32_t value;
+               uint8_t *reg_p;
+       } read_cache[6 * (16 + 1)];
+       int read_cache_idx = 0;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("not a valid arm core mode - communication failure?");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
+       }
 
        /* iterate through processor modes (User, FIQ, IRQ, SVC, ABT, UND)
         * SYS shares registers with User, so we don't touch SYS
         */
-       for(i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-       {
-               u32 mask = 0;
-               u32* reg_p[16];
+       for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+               uint32_t mask = 0;
+               uint32_t *reg_p[16];
                int j;
-               int valid = 1;
+               bool valid = true;
 
                /* check if there are invalid registers in the current mode
                 */
-               for (j = 0; j <= 16; j++)
-               {
-                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).valid == 0)
-                               valid = 0;
+               for (j = 0; j <= 16; j++) {
+                       if (!ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).valid)
+                               valid = false;
                }
 
-               if (!valid)
-               {
-                       u32 tmp_cpsr;
+               if (!valid) {
+                       uint32_t tmp_cpsr;
 
                        /* change processor mode (and mask T bit) */
-                       tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
+                       tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8)
+                               & 0xe0;
                        tmp_cpsr |= armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                        tmp_cpsr &= ~0x20;
                        arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, tmp_cpsr & 0xff, 0, 0);
 
-                       for (j = 0; j < 15; j++)
-                       {
-                               if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).valid == 0)
-                               {
-                                       reg_p[j] = (u32*)ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).value;
+                       for (j = 0; j < 15; j++) {
+                               if (!ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                                               armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).valid) {
+                                       read_cache[read_cache_idx].reg_p = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(
+                                                       arm->core_cache,
+                                                       armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                                       j).value;
+                                       reg_p[j] = &read_cache[read_cache_idx].value;
+                                       read_cache_idx++;
                                        mask |= 1 << j;
-                                       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).valid = 1;
-                                       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j).dirty = 0;
+                                       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                                               armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                               j).valid = true;
+                                       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                                               armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                               j).dirty = false;
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -1240,40 +1449,63 @@ int arm7_9_full_context(target_t *target)
                                arm7_9->read_core_regs(target, mask, reg_p);
 
                        /* check if the PSR has to be read */
-                       if (ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16).valid == 0)
-                       {
-                               arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, (u32*)ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16).value, 1);
-                               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16).valid = 1;
-                               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16).dirty = 0;
+                       if (!ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                       16).valid) {
+                               read_cache[read_cache_idx].reg_p = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                                       armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16).value;
+                               arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &read_cache[read_cache_idx].value, 1);
+                               read_cache_idx++;
+                               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                       16).valid = true;
+                               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                       16).dirty = false;
                        }
                }
        }
 
        /* restore processor mode (mask T bit) */
-       arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
+       arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target,
+               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
+       /*
+        * FIXME: regs in cache should be tagged as 'valid' only now,
+        * not before the jtag_execute_queue()
+        */
+       while (read_cache_idx) {
+               read_cache_idx--;
+               buf_set_u32(read_cache[read_cache_idx].reg_p, 0, 32, read_cache[read_cache_idx].value);
        }
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_restore_context(target_t *target)
+/**
+ * Restore the processor context on an ARM7/9 target.  The full processor
+ * context is analyzed to see if any of the registers are dirty on this end, but
+ * have a valid new value.  If this is the case, the processor is changed to the
+ * appropriate mode and the new register values are written out to the
+ * processor.  If there happens to be a dirty register with an invalid value, an
+ * error will be logged.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to have its context restored
+ * @return Error status if the target is not halted or the core mode in the
+ * armv4_5 struct is invalid.
+ */
+static int arm7_9_restore_context(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *reg;
-       armv4_5_core_reg_t *reg_arch_info;
-       enum armv4_5_mode current_mode = armv4_5->core_mode;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct reg *reg;
+       enum arm_mode current_mode = arm->core_mode;
        int i, j;
-       int dirty;
+       bool dirty;
        int mode_change;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
@@ -1281,261 +1513,287 @@ int arm7_9_restore_context(target_t *target)
        if (arm7_9->pre_restore_context)
                arm7_9->pre_restore_context(target);
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("not a valid arm core mode - communication failure?");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
+       }
 
        /* iterate through processor modes (User, FIQ, IRQ, SVC, ABT, UND)
         * SYS shares registers with User, so we don't touch SYS
         */
-       for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-       {
-               LOG_DEBUG("examining %s mode", armv4_5_mode_strings[i]);
-               dirty = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+               LOG_DEBUG("examining %s mode",
+                       arm_mode_name(arm->core_mode));
+               dirty = false;
                mode_change = 0;
                /* check if there are dirty registers in the current mode
                */
-               for (j = 0; j <= 16; j++)
-               {
-                       reg = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j);
-                       reg_arch_info = reg->arch_info;
-                       if (reg->dirty == 1)
-                       {
-                               if (reg->valid == 1)
-                               {
-                                       dirty = 1;
+               for (j = 0; j <= 16; j++) {
+                       reg = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j);
+                       if (reg->dirty) {
+                               if (reg->valid) {
+                                       dirty = true;
                                        LOG_DEBUG("examining dirty reg: %s", reg->name);
-                                       if ((reg_arch_info->mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY)
-                                               && (reg_arch_info->mode != current_mode)
-                                               && !((reg_arch_info->mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_USR) && (armv4_5->core_mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_SYS))
-                                               && !((reg_arch_info->mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_SYS) && (armv4_5->core_mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_USR)))
-                                       {
+                                       struct arm_reg *reg_arch_info;
+                                       reg_arch_info = reg->arch_info;
+                                       if ((reg_arch_info->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)
+                                                       && (reg_arch_info->mode != current_mode)
+                                                       && !((reg_arch_info->mode == ARM_MODE_USR)
+                                                       && (arm->core_mode == ARM_MODE_SYS))
+                                                       && !((reg_arch_info->mode == ARM_MODE_SYS)
+                                                       && (arm->core_mode == ARM_MODE_USR))) {
                                                mode_change = 1;
                                                LOG_DEBUG("require mode change");
                                        }
-                               }
-                               else
-                               {
-                                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: dirty register '%s', but no valid data", reg->name);
-                               }
+                               } else
+                                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: dirty register '%s', but no valid data",
+                                               reg->name);
                        }
                }
 
-               if (dirty)
-               {
-                       u32 mask = 0x0;
+               if (dirty) {
+                       uint32_t mask = 0x0;
                        int num_regs = 0;
-                       u32 regs[16];
+                       uint32_t regs[16];
 
-                       if (mode_change)
-                       {
-                               u32 tmp_cpsr;
+                       if (mode_change) {
+                               uint32_t tmp_cpsr;
 
                                /* change processor mode (mask T bit) */
-                               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
+                               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value,
+                                               0, 8) & 0xe0;
                                tmp_cpsr |= armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                                tmp_cpsr &= ~0x20;
                                arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, tmp_cpsr & 0xff, 0, 0);
                                current_mode = armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                        }
 
-                       for (j = 0; j <= 14; j++)
-                       {
-                               reg = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), j);
-                               reg_arch_info = reg->arch_info;
+                       for (j = 0; j <= 14; j++) {
+                               reg = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache,
+                                               armv4_5_number_to_mode(i),
+                                               j);
 
-
-                               if (reg->dirty == 1)
-                               {
+                               if (reg->dirty) {
                                        regs[j] = buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32);
                                        mask |= 1 << j;
                                        num_regs++;
-                                       reg->dirty = 0;
-                                       reg->valid = 1;
-                                       LOG_DEBUG("writing register %i of mode %s with value 0x%8.8x", j, armv4_5_mode_strings[i], regs[j]);
+                                       reg->dirty = false;
+                                       reg->valid = true;
+                                       LOG_DEBUG("writing register %i mode %s "
+                                               "with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32, j,
+                                               arm_mode_name(arm->core_mode),
+                                               regs[j]);
                                }
                        }
 
                        if (mask)
-                       {
                                arm7_9->write_core_regs(target, mask, regs);
-                       }
 
-                       reg = &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(i), 16);
+                       reg =
+                               &ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(arm->core_cache, armv4_5_number_to_mode(
+                                               i), 16);
+                       struct arm_reg *reg_arch_info;
                        reg_arch_info = reg->arch_info;
-                       if ((reg->dirty) && (reg_arch_info->mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY))
-                       {
-                               LOG_DEBUG("writing SPSR of mode %i with value 0x%8.8x", i, buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32));
+                       if ((reg->dirty) && (reg_arch_info->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)) {
+                               LOG_DEBUG("writing SPSR of mode %i with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                                       i,
+                                       buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32));
                                arm7_9->write_xpsr(target, buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32), 1);
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       if ((armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].dirty == 0) && (armv4_5->core_mode != current_mode))
-       {
+       if (!arm->cpsr->dirty && (arm->core_mode != current_mode)) {
                /* restore processor mode (mask T bit) */
-               u32 tmp_cpsr;
+               uint32_t tmp_cpsr;
 
-               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
+               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
                tmp_cpsr |= armv4_5_number_to_mode(i);
                tmp_cpsr &= ~0x20;
-               LOG_DEBUG("writing lower 8 bit of cpsr with value 0x%2.2x", tmp_cpsr);
+               LOG_DEBUG("writing lower 8 bit of cpsr with value 0x%2.2x", (unsigned)(tmp_cpsr));
                arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, tmp_cpsr & 0xff, 0, 0);
-       }
-       else if (armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].dirty == 1)
-       {
+
+       } else if (arm->cpsr->dirty) {
                /* CPSR has been changed, full restore necessary (mask T bit) */
-               LOG_DEBUG("writing cpsr with value 0x%8.8x", buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 32));
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 32) & ~0x20, 0);
-               armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].dirty = 0;
-               armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].valid = 1;
+               LOG_DEBUG("writing cpsr with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32));
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr(target,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 32)
+                       & ~0x20, 0);
+               arm->cpsr->dirty = false;
+               arm->cpsr->valid = true;
        }
 
        /* restore PC */
-       LOG_DEBUG("writing PC with value 0x%8.8x", buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32));
-       arm7_9->write_pc(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32));
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].dirty = 0;
-
-       if (arm7_9->post_restore_context)
-               arm7_9->post_restore_context(target);
+       LOG_DEBUG("writing PC with value 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
+               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+       arm7_9->write_pc(target, buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+       arm->pc->dirty = false;
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_restart_core(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Restart the core of an ARM7/9 target.  A RESTART command is sent to the
+ * instruction register and the JTAG state is set to TAP_IDLE causing a core
+ * restart.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to be restarted
+ * @return Result of executing the JTAG queue
+ */
+static int arm7_9_restart_core(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       arm_jtag_t *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm_jtag *jtag_info = &arm7_9->jtag_info;
+       int retval;
 
        /* set RESTART instruction */
-       jtag_add_end_state(TAP_RTI);
        if (arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart) {
                arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart = 0;
-               arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0xf, NULL);
+
+               retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0xf, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
-       arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info, 0x4, NULL);
+       retval = arm_jtag_set_instr(jtag_info->tap, 0x4, NULL, TAP_IDLE);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       jtag_add_runtest(1, TAP_RTI);
+       jtag_add_runtest(1, TAP_IDLE);
        return jtag_execute_queue();
 }
 
-void arm7_9_enable_watchpoints(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Enable the watchpoints on an ARM7/9 target.  The target's watchpoints are
+ * iterated through and are set on the target if they aren't already set.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to enable watchpoints on
+ */
+static void arm7_9_enable_watchpoints(struct target *target)
 {
-       watchpoint_t *watchpoint = target->watchpoints;
+       struct watchpoint *watchpoint = target->watchpoints;
 
-       while (watchpoint)
-       {
-               if (watchpoint->set == 0)
+       while (watchpoint) {
+               if (!watchpoint->is_set)
                        arm7_9_set_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
                watchpoint = watchpoint->next;
        }
 }
 
-void arm7_9_enable_breakpoints(struct target_s *target)
+/**
+ * Enable the breakpoints on an ARM7/9 target.  The target's breakpoints are
+ * iterated through and are set on the target.
+ *
+ * @param target Pointer to the ARM7/9 target to enable breakpoints on
+ */
+static void arm7_9_enable_breakpoints(struct target *target)
 {
-       breakpoint_t *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
+       struct breakpoint *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
 
        /* set any pending breakpoints */
-       while (breakpoint)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->set == 0)
-                       arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
-               breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
-       }
-}
-
-void arm7_9_disable_bkpts_and_wpts(struct target_s *target)
-{
-       breakpoint_t *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
-       watchpoint_t *watchpoint = target->watchpoints;
-
-       /* set any pending breakpoints */
-       while (breakpoint)
-       {
-               if (breakpoint->set != 0)
-                       arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+       while (breakpoint) {
+               arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
                breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
        }
-
-       while (watchpoint)
-       {
-               if (watchpoint->set != 0)
-                       arm7_9_unset_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
-               watchpoint = watchpoint->next;
-       }
 }
 
-int arm7_9_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution)
+int arm7_9_resume(struct target *target,
+       int current,
+       target_addr_t address,
+       int handle_breakpoints,
+       int debug_execution)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       breakpoint_t *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
-       int err;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       int err, retval = ERROR_OK;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("-");
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        if (!debug_execution)
-       {
                target_free_all_working_areas(target);
-       }
 
        /* current = 1: continue on current pc, otherwise continue at <address> */
        if (!current)
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32, address);
+               buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
+
+       uint32_t current_pc;
+       current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* the front-end may request us not to handle breakpoints */
-       if (handle_breakpoints)
-       {
-               if ((breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32))))
-               {
-                       LOG_DEBUG("unset breakpoint at 0x%8.8x", breakpoint->address);
-                       arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+       if (handle_breakpoints) {
+               struct breakpoint *breakpoint;
+               breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target,
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
+               if (breakpoint) {
+                       LOG_DEBUG("unset breakpoint at 0x%8.8" TARGET_PRIxADDR " (id: %" PRIu32,
+                               breakpoint->address,
+                               breakpoint->unique_id);
+                       retval = arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+
+                       /* calculate PC of next instruction */
+                       uint32_t next_pc;
+                       retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
+                               uint32_t current_opcode;
+                               target_read_u32(target, current_pc, &current_opcode);
+                               LOG_ERROR(
+                                       "Couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                                       current_opcode);
+                               return retval;
+                       }
 
                        LOG_DEBUG("enable single-step");
-                       arm7_9->enable_single_step(target);
+                       arm7_9->enable_single_step(target, next_pc);
 
                        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP;
 
-                       arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+                       retval = arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
 
-                       if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM)
+                       if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM)
                                arm7_9->branch_resume(target);
-                       else if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB)
-                       {
+                       else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB)
                                arm7_9->branch_resume_thumb(target);
-                       }
-                       else
-                       {
+                       else {
                                LOG_ERROR("unhandled core state");
                                return ERROR_FAIL;
                        }
 
                        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_DBGACK, 1, 0);
-                       embeddedice_write_reg(dbg_ctrl, buf_get_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, 0, dbg_ctrl->size));
+                       embeddedice_write_reg(dbg_ctrl,
+                               buf_get_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, 0, dbg_ctrl->size));
                        err = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
 
                        LOG_DEBUG("disable single-step");
                        arm7_9->disable_single_step(target);
 
-                       if (err != ERROR_OK)
-                       {
-                               arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+                       if (err != ERROR_OK) {
+                               retval = arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+                               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                       return retval;
                                target->state = TARGET_UNKNOWN;
                                return err;
                        }
 
-                       arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
-                       LOG_DEBUG("new PC after step: 0x%8.8x", buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32));
+                       retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
+                       LOG_DEBUG("new PC after step: 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32));
 
-                       LOG_DEBUG("set breakpoint at 0x%8.8x", breakpoint->address);
-                       arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+                       LOG_DEBUG("set breakpoint at 0x%8.8" TARGET_PRIxADDR "", breakpoint->address);
+                       retval = arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                               return retval;
                }
        }
 
@@ -1543,18 +1801,15 @@ int arm7_9_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_
        arm7_9_enable_breakpoints(target);
        arm7_9_enable_watchpoints(target);
 
-       arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+       retval = arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM)
-       {
+       if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM)
                arm7_9->branch_resume(target);
-       }
-       else if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB)
-       {
+       else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB)
                arm7_9->branch_resume_thumb(target);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       else {
                LOG_ERROR("unhandled core state");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
@@ -1566,21 +1821,24 @@ int arm7_9_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_
                buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_INTDIS, 1, 0);
        embeddedice_write_reg(dbg_ctrl, buf_get_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, 0, dbg_ctrl->size));
 
-       arm7_9_restart_core(target);
+       retval = arm7_9_restart_core(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_NOTHALTED;
 
-       if (!debug_execution)
-       {
+       if (!debug_execution) {
                /* registers are now invalid */
-               armv4_5_invalidate_core_regs(target);
+               register_cache_invalidate(arm->core_cache);
                target->state = TARGET_RUNNING;
-               target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+               retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+       } else {
                target->state = TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING;
-               target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_RESUMED);
+               retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_RESUMED);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
 
        LOG_DEBUG("target resumed");
@@ -1588,30 +1846,49 @@ int arm7_9_resume(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-void arm7_9_enable_eice_step(target_t *target)
+void arm7_9_enable_eice_step(struct target *target, uint32_t next_pc)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-
-       /* setup an inverse breakpoint on the current PC
-       * - comparator 1 matches the current address
-       * - rangeout from comparator 1 is connected to comparator 0 rangein
-       * - comparator 0 matches any address, as long as rangein is low */
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffff);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], ~(EICE_W_CTRL_RANGE|EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC) & 0xff);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE], buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32));
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], 0);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
-       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK], ~EICE_W_CTRL_nOPC & 0xff);
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       uint32_t current_pc;
+       current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
+
+       if (next_pc != current_pc) {
+               /* setup an inverse breakpoint on the current PC
+               * - comparator 1 matches the current address
+               * - rangeout from comparator 1 is connected to comparator 0 rangein
+               * - comparator 0 matches any address, as long as rangein is low */
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE],
+                       EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       ~(EICE_W_CTRL_RANGE | EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC) & 0xff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE],
+                       current_pc);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], 0);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
+       } else {
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_VALUE], 0x0);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_CONTROL_MASK], 0xff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_VALUE], next_pc);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_ADDR_MASK], 0);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_DATA_MASK], 0xffffffff);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE],
+                       EICE_W_CTRL_ENABLE);
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_MASK],
+                       ~EICE_W_CTRL_NOPC & 0xff);
+       }
 }
 
-void arm7_9_disable_eice_step(target_t *target)
+void arm7_9_disable_eice_step(struct target *target)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
        embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_ADDR_MASK]);
        embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W0_DATA_MASK]);
@@ -1624,224 +1901,232 @@ void arm7_9_disable_eice_step(target_t *target)
        embeddedice_store_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_W1_CONTROL_VALUE]);
 }
 
-int arm7_9_step(struct target_s *target, int current, u32 address, int handle_breakpoints)
+int arm7_9_step(struct target *target, int current, target_addr_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       breakpoint_t *breakpoint = NULL;
-       int err;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct breakpoint *breakpoint = NULL;
+       int err, retval;
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* current = 1: continue on current pc, otherwise continue at <address> */
        if (!current)
-               buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32, address);
+               buf_set_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32, address);
+
+       uint32_t current_pc = buf_get_u32(arm->pc->value, 0, 32);
 
        /* the front-end may request us not to handle breakpoints */
        if (handle_breakpoints)
-               if ((breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32))))
-                       arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+               breakpoint = breakpoint_find(target, current_pc);
+       if (breakpoint) {
+               retval = arm7_9_unset_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+       }
 
        target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP;
 
-       arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+       /* calculate PC of next instruction */
+       uint32_t next_pc;
+       retval = arm_simulate_step(target, &next_pc);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
+               uint32_t current_opcode;
+               target_read_u32(target, current_pc, &current_opcode);
+               LOG_ERROR(
+                       "Couldn't calculate PC of next instruction, current opcode was 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+                       current_opcode);
+               return retval;
+       }
 
-       arm7_9->enable_single_step(target);
+       retval = arm7_9_restore_context(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM)
-       {
+       arm7_9->enable_single_step(target, next_pc);
+
+       if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_ARM)
                arm7_9->branch_resume(target);
-       }
-       else if (armv4_5->core_state == ARMV4_5_STATE_THUMB)
-       {
+       else if (arm->core_state == ARM_STATE_THUMB)
                arm7_9->branch_resume_thumb(target);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       else {
                LOG_ERROR("unhandled core state");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
        }
 
-       target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
+       retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
        err = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
        arm7_9->disable_single_step(target);
 
        /* registers are now invalid */
-       armv4_5_invalidate_core_regs(target);
+       register_cache_invalidate(arm->core_cache);
 
        if (err != ERROR_OK)
-       {
                target->state = TARGET_UNKNOWN;
-       } else {
-               arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
-               target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+       else {
+               retval = arm7_9_debug_entry(target);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+               retval = target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_HALTED);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
                LOG_DEBUG("target stepped");
        }
 
-       if (breakpoint)
-               arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+       if (breakpoint) {
+               retval = arm7_9_set_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
+       }
 
        return err;
-
 }
 
-int arm7_9_read_core_reg(struct target_s *target, int num, enum armv4_5_mode mode)
+static int arm7_9_read_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
+       int num, enum arm_mode mode)
 {
-       u32* reg_p[16];
-       u32 value;
+       uint32_t *reg_p[16];
        int retval;
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       struct arm_reg *areg = r->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode))
                return ERROR_FAIL;
-
-       enum armv4_5_mode reg_mode = ((armv4_5_core_reg_t*)ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).arch_info)->mode;
-
        if ((num < 0) || (num > 16))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
-       if ((mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY)
-                       && (mode != armv4_5->core_mode)
-                       && (reg_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY))
-       {
-               u32 tmp_cpsr;
+       if ((mode != ARM_MODE_ANY) && (mode != arm->core_mode)
+                       && (areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)) {
+               uint32_t tmp_cpsr;
 
                /* change processor mode (mask T bit) */
-               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
+               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
                tmp_cpsr |= mode;
                tmp_cpsr &= ~0x20;
                arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, tmp_cpsr & 0xff, 0, 0);
        }
 
-       if ((num >= 0) && (num <= 15))
-       {
+       uint32_t value = 0;
+       if ((num >= 0) && (num <= 15)) {
                /* read a normal core register */
                reg_p[num] = &value;
 
                arm7_9->read_core_regs(target, 1 << num, reg_p);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                /* read a program status register
                 * if the register mode is MODE_ANY, we read the cpsr, otherwise a spsr
                 */
-               armv4_5_core_reg_t *arch_info = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).arch_info;
-               int spsr = (arch_info->mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY) ? 0 : 1;
-
-               arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &value, spsr);
+               arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &value, areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY);
        }
 
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
                return retval;
-       }
 
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).valid = 1;
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).dirty = 0;
-       buf_set_u32(ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).value, 0, 32, value);
+       r->valid = true;
+       r->dirty = false;
+       buf_set_u32(r->value, 0, 32, value);
 
-       if ((mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY)
-                       && (mode != armv4_5->core_mode)
-                       && (reg_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY))      {
+       if ((mode != ARM_MODE_ANY) && (mode != arm->core_mode)
+                       && (areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)) {
                /* restore processor mode (mask T bit) */
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
        }
 
        return ERROR_OK;
-
 }
 
-int arm7_9_write_core_reg(struct target_s *target, int num, enum armv4_5_mode mode, u32 value)
+static int arm7_9_write_core_reg(struct target *target, struct reg *r,
+       int num, enum arm_mode mode, uint8_t *value)
 {
-       u32 reg[16];
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
+       uint32_t reg[16];
+       struct arm_reg *areg = r->arch_info;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode))
                return ERROR_FAIL;
-
-       enum armv4_5_mode reg_mode = ((armv4_5_core_reg_t*)ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).arch_info)->mode;
-
        if ((num < 0) || (num > 16))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
-       if ((mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY)
-                       && (mode != armv4_5->core_mode)
-                       && (reg_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY))      {
-               u32 tmp_cpsr;
+       if ((mode != ARM_MODE_ANY) && (mode != arm->core_mode)
+                       && (areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)) {
+               uint32_t tmp_cpsr;
 
                /* change processor mode (mask T bit) */
-               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
+               tmp_cpsr = buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & 0xE0;
                tmp_cpsr |= mode;
                tmp_cpsr &= ~0x20;
                arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, tmp_cpsr & 0xff, 0, 0);
        }
 
-       if ((num >= 0) && (num <= 15))
-       {
+       if ((num >= 0) && (num <= 15)) {
                /* write a normal core register */
-               reg[num] = value;
+               reg[num] = buf_get_u32(value, 0, 32);
 
                arm7_9->write_core_regs(target, 1 << num, reg);
-       }
-       else
-       {
+       } else {
                /* write a program status register
                * if the register mode is MODE_ANY, we write the cpsr, otherwise a spsr
                */
-               armv4_5_core_reg_t *arch_info = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).arch_info;
-               int spsr = (arch_info->mode == ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY) ? 0 : 1;
+               int spsr = (areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY);
 
+               uint32_t t = buf_get_u32(value, 0, 32);
                /* if we're writing the CPSR, mask the T bit */
                if (!spsr)
-                       value &= ~0x20;
+                       t &= ~0x20;
 
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr(target, value, spsr);
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr(target, t, spsr);
        }
 
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).valid = 1;
-       ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, mode, num).dirty = 0;
+       r->valid = true;
+       r->dirty = false;
 
-       if ((mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY)
-                       && (mode != armv4_5->core_mode)
-                       && (reg_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ANY))      {
+       if ((mode != ARM_MODE_ANY) && (mode != arm->core_mode)
+                       && (areg->mode != ARM_MODE_ANY)) {
                /* restore processor mode (mask T bit) */
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target,
+                               buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
        }
 
        return jtag_execute_queue();
 }
 
-int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
+int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target *target,
+       target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size,
+       uint32_t count,
+       uint8_t *buffer)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-
-       u32 reg[16];
-       int num_accesses = 0;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       uint32_t reg[16];
+       uint32_t num_accesses = 0;
        int thisrun_accesses;
        int i;
-       u32 cpsr;
+       uint32_t cpsr;
        int retval;
        int last_reg = 0;
 
-       LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8x, size: 0x%8.8x, count: 0x%8.8x", address, size, count);
+       LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8" TARGET_PRIxADDR ", size: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
+               address, size, count);
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* sanitize arguments */
        if (((size != 4) && (size != 2) && (size != 1)) || (count == 0) || !(buffer))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        if (((size == 4) && (address & 0x3u)) || ((size == 2) && (address & 0x1u)))
                return ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS;
@@ -1850,13 +2135,14 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
        reg[0] = address;
        arm7_9->write_core_regs(target, 0x1, reg);
 
-       switch (size)
-       {
+       int j = 0;
+
+       switch (size) {
                case 4:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
                                if (last_reg <= thisrun_accesses)
@@ -1868,36 +2154,43 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
                                 * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                 */
                                if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                       arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                                       retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
                                else
-                                       arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                       retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                       return retval;
 
                                arm7_9->read_core_regs_target_buffer(target, reg_list, buffer, 4);
 
                                /* advance buffer, count number of accesses */
                                buffer += thisrun_accesses * 4;
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
+
+                               if ((j++%1024) == 0)
+                                       keep_alive();
                        }
                        break;
                case 2:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        if (i > last_reg)
-                                               last_reg = i;
+                                           last_reg = i;
                                        arm7_9->load_hword_reg(target, i);
                                        /* fast memory reads are only safe when the target is running
                                         * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                         */
                                        if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                               arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
                                        else
-                                               arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                               return retval;
+
                                }
 
                                arm7_9->read_core_regs_target_buffer(target, reg_list, buffer, 2);
@@ -1905,17 +2198,19 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
                                /* advance buffer, count number of accesses */
                                buffer += thisrun_accesses * 2;
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
+
+                               if ((j++%1024) == 0)
+                                       keep_alive();
                        }
                        break;
                case 1:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        if (i > last_reg)
                                                last_reg = i;
                                        arm7_9->load_byte_reg(target, i);
@@ -1923,9 +2218,11 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
                                         * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                         */
                                        if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                               arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
                                        else
-                                               arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                               return retval;
                                }
 
                                arm7_9->read_core_regs_target_buffer(target, reg_list, buffer, 1);
@@ -1933,32 +2230,39 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
                                /* advance buffer, count number of accesses */
                                buffer += thisrun_accesses * 1;
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
+
+                               if ((j++%1024) == 0)
+                                       keep_alive();
                        }
                        break;
-               default:
-                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: we shouldn't get here");
-                       exit(-1);
-                       break;
        }
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode))
                return ERROR_FAIL;
 
-       for (i=0; i<=last_reg; i++)
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).dirty = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).valid;
+       for (i = 0; i <= last_reg; i++) {
+               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(arm, i);
+               r->dirty = r->valid;
+       }
 
        arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &cpsr, 0);
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while reading cpsr");
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
        }
 
-       if (((cpsr & 0x1f) == ARMV4_5_MODE_ABT) && (armv4_5->core_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ABT))
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("memory read caused data abort (address: 0x%8.8x, size: 0x%x, count: 0x%x)", address, size, count);
+       if (((cpsr & 0x1f) == ARM_MODE_ABT) && (arm->core_mode != ARM_MODE_ABT)) {
+               LOG_WARNING(
+                       "memory read caused data abort "
+                       "(address: 0x%8.8" TARGET_PRIxADDR ", size: 0x%" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%" PRIx32 ")",
+                       address,
+                       size,
+                       count);
 
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8)
+                       & ~0x20, 0, 0);
 
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
        }
@@ -1966,17 +2270,21 @@ int arm7_9_read_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
+int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target *target,
+       target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size,
+       uint32_t count,
+       const uint8_t *buffer)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       reg_t *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
+       struct reg *dbg_ctrl = &arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_DBG_CTRL];
 
-       u32 reg[16];
-       int num_accesses = 0;
+       uint32_t reg[16];
+       uint32_t num_accesses = 0;
        int thisrun_accesses;
        int i;
-       u32 cpsr;
+       uint32_t cpsr;
        int retval;
        int last_reg = 0;
 
@@ -1984,15 +2292,14 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
        LOG_DEBUG("address: 0x%8.8x, size: 0x%8.8x, count: 0x%8.8x", address, size, count);
 #endif
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
+       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
                LOG_WARNING("target not halted");
                return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
        }
 
        /* sanitize arguments */
        if (((size != 4) && (size != 2) && (size != 1)) || (count == 0) || !(buffer))
-               return ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+               return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
 
        if (((size == 4) && (address & 0x3u)) || ((size == 2) && (address & 0x1u)))
                return ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS;
@@ -2005,17 +2312,15 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_DBGACK, 1, 0);
        embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
 
-       switch (size)
-       {
+       switch (size) {
                case 4:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        if (i > last_reg)
                                                last_reg = i;
                                        reg[i] = target_buffer_get_u32(target, buffer);
@@ -2030,22 +2335,35 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
                                 * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                 */
                                if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                       arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
-                               else
-                                       arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                       retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                               else {
+                                       retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+
+                                       /*
+                                        * if memory writes are made when the clock is running slow
+                                        * (i.e. 32 kHz) which is necessary in some scripts to reconfigure
+                                        * processor operations after a "reset halt" or "reset init",
+                                        * need to immediately stroke the keep alive or will end up with
+                                        * gdb "keep alive not sent error message" problem.
+                                        */
+
+                                       keep_alive();
+                               }
+
+                               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                       return retval;
 
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
                        }
                        break;
                case 2:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        if (i > last_reg)
                                                last_reg = i;
                                        reg[i] = target_buffer_get_u16(target, buffer) & 0xffff;
@@ -2054,31 +2372,43 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
 
                                arm7_9->write_core_regs(target, reg_list, reg);
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        arm7_9->store_hword_reg(target, i);
 
                                        /* fast memory writes are only safe when the target is running
                                         * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                         */
                                        if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                               arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
-                                       else
-                                               arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                                       else {
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+
+                                               /*
+                                                * if memory writes are made when the clock is running slow
+                                                * (i.e. 32 kHz) which is necessary in some scripts to reconfigure
+                                                * processor operations after a "reset halt" or "reset init",
+                                                * need to immediately stroke the keep alive or will end up with
+                                                * gdb "keep alive not sent error message" problem.
+                                                */
+
+                                               keep_alive();
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                               return retval;
                                }
 
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
                        }
                        break;
                case 1:
-                       while (num_accesses < count)
-                       {
-                               u32 reg_list;
-                               thisrun_accesses = ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
+                       while (num_accesses < count) {
+                               uint32_t reg_list;
+                               thisrun_accesses =
+                                               ((count - num_accesses) >= 14) ? 14 : (count - num_accesses);
                                reg_list = (0xffff >> (15 - thisrun_accesses)) & 0xfffe;
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        if (i > last_reg)
                                                last_reg = i;
                                        reg[i] = *buffer++ & 0xff;
@@ -2086,49 +2416,67 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
 
                                arm7_9->write_core_regs(target, reg_list, reg);
 
-                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++)
-                               {
+                               for (i = 1; i <= thisrun_accesses; i++) {
                                        arm7_9->store_byte_reg(target, i);
                                        /* fast memory writes are only safe when the target is running
                                         * from a sufficiently high clock (32 kHz is usually too slow)
                                         */
                                        if (arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
-                                               arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
-                                       else
-                                               arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_fast_sys_speed(target);
+                                       else {
+                                               retval = arm7_9_execute_sys_speed(target);
+
+                                               /*
+                                                * if memory writes are made when the clock is running slow
+                                                * (i.e. 32 kHz) which is necessary in some scripts to reconfigure
+                                                * processor operations after a "reset halt" or "reset init",
+                                                * need to immediately stroke the keep alive or will end up with
+                                                * gdb "keep alive not sent error message" problem.
+                                                */
+
+                                               keep_alive();
+                                       }
+
+                                       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                                               return retval;
+
                                }
 
                                num_accesses += thisrun_accesses;
                        }
                        break;
-               default:
-                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: we shouldn't get here");
-                       exit(-1);
-                       break;
        }
 
        /* Re-Set DBGACK */
        buf_set_u32(dbg_ctrl->value, EICE_DBG_CONTROL_DBGACK, 1, 1);
        embeddedice_store_reg(dbg_ctrl);
 
-       if (armv4_5_mode_to_number(armv4_5->core_mode)==-1)
+       if (!is_arm_mode(arm->core_mode))
                return ERROR_FAIL;
 
-       for (i=0; i<=last_reg; i++)
-               ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).dirty = ARMV4_5_CORE_REG_MODE(armv4_5->core_cache, armv4_5->core_mode, i).valid;
+       for (i = 0; i <= last_reg; i++) {
+               struct reg *r = arm_reg_current(arm, i);
+               r->dirty = r->valid;
+       }
 
        arm7_9->read_xpsr(target, &cpsr, 0);
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       retval = jtag_execute_queue();
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
                LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while reading cpsr");
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
        }
 
-       if (((cpsr & 0x1f) == ARMV4_5_MODE_ABT) && (armv4_5->core_mode != ARMV4_5_MODE_ABT))
-       {
-               LOG_WARNING("memory write caused data abort (address: 0x%8.8x, size: 0x%x, count: 0x%x)", address, size, count);
+       if (((cpsr & 0x1f) == ARM_MODE_ABT) && (arm->core_mode != ARM_MODE_ABT)) {
+               LOG_WARNING(
+                       "memory write caused data abort "
+                       "(address: 0x%8.8" TARGET_PRIxADDR ", size: 0x%" PRIx32 ", count: 0x%" PRIx32 ")",
+                       address,
+                       size,
+                       count);
 
-               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[ARMV4_5_CPSR].value, 0, 8) & ~0x20, 0, 0);
+               arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target,
+                       buf_get_u32(arm->cpsr->value, 0, 8)
+                       & ~0x20, 0, 0);
 
                return ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT;
        }
@@ -2136,624 +2484,438 @@ int arm7_9_write_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 size, u32 coun
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-static const u32 dcc_code[] =
+int arm7_9_write_memory_opt(struct target *target,
+       target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t size,
+       uint32_t count,
+       const uint8_t *buffer)
 {
-       /* MRC      TST         BNE         MRC         STR         B */
-       0xee101e10, 0xe3110001, 0x0afffffc, 0xee111e10, 0xe4801004, 0xeafffff9
-};
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
+       int retval;
 
-int arm7_9_bulk_write_memory(target_t *target, u32 address, u32 count, u8 *buffer)
-{
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = target->arch_info;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9 = armv4_5->arch_info;
-       enum armv4_5_state core_state = armv4_5->core_state;
-       u32 r0 = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32);
-       u32 r1 = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[1].value, 0, 32);
-       u32 pc = buf_get_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32);
-       int i;
+       if (size == 4 && count > 32 && arm7_9->bulk_write_memory) {
+               /* Attempt to do a bulk write */
+               retval = arm7_9->bulk_write_memory(target, address, count, buffer);
 
-       if (!arm7_9->dcc_downloads)
-               return target->type->write_memory(target, address, 4, count, buffer);
+               if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+                       return ERROR_OK;
+       }
 
-       /* regrab previously allocated working_area, or allocate a new one */
-       if (!arm7_9->dcc_working_area)
-       {
-               u8 dcc_code_buf[6 * 4];
+       return arm7_9->write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
+}
 
-               /* make sure we have a working area */
-               if (target_alloc_working_area(target, 24, &arm7_9->dcc_working_area) != ERROR_OK)
-               {
-                       LOG_INFO("no working area available, falling back to memory writes");
-                       return target->type->write_memory(target, address, 4, count, buffer);
-               }
+int arm7_9_write_memory_no_opt(struct target *target,
+       uint32_t address,
+       uint32_t size,
+       uint32_t count,
+       const uint8_t *buffer)
+{
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-               /* copy target instructions to target endianness */
-               for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
-               {
-                       target_buffer_set_u32(target, dcc_code_buf + i*4, dcc_code[i]);
-               }
+       return arm7_9->write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
+}
 
-               /* write DCC code to working area */
-               target->type->write_memory(target, arm7_9->dcc_working_area->address, 4, 6, dcc_code_buf);
-       }
+static int dcc_count;
+static const uint8_t *dcc_buffer;
 
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, address);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].valid = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM;
+static int arm7_9_dcc_completion(struct target *target,
+       uint32_t exit_point,
+       int timeout_ms,
+       void *arch_info)
+{
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       arm7_9_resume(target, 0, arm7_9->dcc_working_area->address, 1, 1);
+       retval = target_wait_state(target, TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING, 500);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       int little=target->endianness==TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
-       if (count>2)
-       {
+       int little = target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
+       int count = dcc_count;
+       const uint8_t *buffer = dcc_buffer;
+       if (count > 2) {
                /* Handle first & last using standard embeddedice_write_reg and the middle ones w/the
-                  core function repeated.
-                */
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA], fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
-               buffer+=4;
-
-               embeddedice_reg_t *ice_reg = arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA].arch_info;
-               u8 reg_addr = ice_reg->addr & 0x1f;
-               int chain_pos = ice_reg->jtag_info->chain_pos;
-
-               embeddedice_write_dcc(chain_pos, reg_addr, buffer, little, count-2);
+                * core function repeated. */
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA],
+                       fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
+               buffer += 4;
+
+               struct embeddedice_reg *ice_reg =
+                       arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA].arch_info;
+               uint8_t reg_addr = ice_reg->addr & 0x1f;
+               struct jtag_tap *tap;
+               tap = ice_reg->jtag_info->tap;
+
+               embeddedice_write_dcc(tap, reg_addr, buffer, little, count-2);
                buffer += (count-2)*4;
 
-               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA], fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
-       } else
-       {
-               for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
-               {
-                       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA], fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
+               embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA],
+                       fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
+       } else {
+               int i;
+               for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+                       embeddedice_write_reg(&arm7_9->eice_cache->reg_list[EICE_COMMS_DATA],
+                               fast_target_buffer_get_u32(buffer, little));
                        buffer += 4;
                }
        }
 
-       target_halt(target);
+       retval = target_halt(target);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
+       return target_wait_state(target, TARGET_HALTED, 500);
+}
+
+static const uint32_t dcc_code[] = {
+       /* r0 == input, points to memory buffer
+        * r1 == scratch
+        */
 
-       for (i=0; i<100; i++)
-       {
-               target_poll(target);
-               if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED)
-                       break;
-               usleep(1000); /* sleep 1ms */
-       }
-       if (i == 100)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("bulk write timed out, target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT;
-       }
+       /* spin until DCC control (c0) reports data arrived */
+       0xee101e10,     /* w: mrc p14, #0, r1, c0, c0 */
+       0xe3110001,     /*    tst r1, #1              */
+       0x0afffffc,     /*    bne w                   */
 
-       /* restore target state */
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].value, 0, 32, r0);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].valid = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[0].dirty = 1;
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[1].value, 0, 32, r1);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[1].valid = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[1].dirty = 1;
-       buf_set_u32(armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].value, 0, 32, pc);
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].valid = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_cache->reg_list[15].dirty = 1;
-       armv4_5->core_state = core_state;
+       /* read word from DCC (c1), write to memory */
+       0xee111e10,     /*    mrc p14, #0, r1, c1, c0 */
+       0xe4801004,     /*    str r1, [r0], #4        */
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
-}
+       /* repeat */
+       0xeafffff9      /*    b   w                   */
+};
 
-int arm7_9_checksum_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 count, u32* checksum)
+int arm7_9_bulk_write_memory(struct target *target,
+       target_addr_t address,
+       uint32_t count,
+       const uint8_t *buffer)
 {
-       working_area_t *crc_algorithm;
-       armv4_5_algorithm_t armv4_5_info;
-       reg_param_t reg_params[2];
        int retval;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       u32 arm7_9_crc_code[] = {
-               0xE1A02000,                             /* mov          r2, r0 */
-               0xE3E00000,                             /* mov          r0, #0xffffffff */
-               0xE1A03001,                             /* mov          r3, r1 */
-               0xE3A04000,                             /* mov          r4, #0 */
-               0xEA00000B,                             /* b            ncomp */
-                                                               /* nbyte: */
-               0xE7D21004,                             /* ldrb r1, [r2, r4] */
-               0xE59F7030,                             /* ldr          r7, CRC32XOR */
-               0xE0200C01,                             /* eor          r0, r0, r1, asl 24 */
-               0xE3A05000,                             /* mov          r5, #0 */
-                                                               /* loop: */
-               0xE3500000,                             /* cmp          r0, #0 */
-               0xE1A06080,                             /* mov          r6, r0, asl #1 */
-               0xE2855001,                             /* add          r5, r5, #1 */
-               0xE1A00006,                             /* mov          r0, r6 */
-               0xB0260007,                             /* eorlt        r0, r6, r7 */
-               0xE3550008,                             /* cmp          r5, #8 */
-               0x1AFFFFF8,                             /* bne          loop */
-               0xE2844001,                             /* add          r4, r4, #1 */
-                                                               /* ncomp: */
-               0xE1540003,                             /* cmp          r4, r3 */
-               0x1AFFFFF1,                             /* bne          nbyte */
-                                                               /* end: */
-               0xEAFFFFFE,                             /* b            end */
-               0x04C11DB7                              /* CRC32XOR:    .word 0x04C11DB7 */
-       };
-
-       int i;
+       if (address % 4 != 0)
+               return ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS;
 
-       if (target_alloc_working_area(target, sizeof(arm7_9_crc_code), &crc_algorithm) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
+       if (!arm7_9->dcc_downloads)
                return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
-       }
-
-       /* convert flash writing code into a buffer in target endianness */
-       for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(arm7_9_crc_code)/sizeof(u32)); i++)
-               target_write_u32(target, crc_algorithm->address + i*sizeof(u32), arm7_9_crc_code[i]);
 
-       armv4_5_info.common_magic = ARMV4_5_COMMON_MAGIC;
-       armv4_5_info.core_mode = ARMV4_5_MODE_SVC;
-       armv4_5_info.core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM;
+       /* regrab previously allocated working_area, or allocate a new one */
+       if (!arm7_9->dcc_working_area) {
+               uint8_t dcc_code_buf[6 * 4];
 
-       init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_IN_OUT);
-       init_reg_param(&reg_params[1], "r1", 32, PARAM_OUT);
+               /* make sure we have a working area */
+               if (target_alloc_working_area(target, 24, &arm7_9->dcc_working_area) != ERROR_OK) {
+                       LOG_INFO("no working area available, falling back to memory writes");
+                       return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+               }
 
-       buf_set_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32, address);
-       buf_set_u32(reg_params[1].value, 0, 32, count);
+               /* copy target instructions to target endianness */
+               target_buffer_set_u32_array(target, dcc_code_buf, ARRAY_SIZE(dcc_code), dcc_code);
 
-       if ((retval = target->type->run_algorithm(target, 0, NULL, 2, reg_params,
-               crc_algorithm->address, crc_algorithm->address + (sizeof(arm7_9_crc_code) - 8), 20000, &armv4_5_info)) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("error executing arm7_9 crc algorithm");
-               destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
-               destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
-               target_free_working_area(target, crc_algorithm);
-               return retval;
+               /* write DCC code to working area, using the non-optimized
+                * memory write to avoid ending up here again */
+               retval = arm7_9_write_memory_no_opt(target,
+                               arm7_9->dcc_working_area->address, 4, 6, dcc_code_buf);
+               if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+                       return retval;
        }
 
-       *checksum = buf_get_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32);
-
-       destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
-       destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
-
-       target_free_working_area(target, crc_algorithm);
-
-       return ERROR_OK;
-}
-
-int arm7_9_blank_check_memory(struct target_s *target, u32 address, u32 count, u32* blank)
-{
-       working_area_t *erase_check_algorithm;
-       reg_param_t reg_params[3];
-       armv4_5_algorithm_t armv4_5_info;
-       int retval;
-       int i;
-
-       u32 erase_check_code[] =
-       {
-                                               /* loop: */
-               0xe4d03001,             /* ldrb r3, [r0], #1    */
-               0xe0022003,             /* and r2, r2, r3               */
-               0xe2511001,     /* subs r1, r1, #1              */
-               0x1afffffb,             /* bne loop                             */
-                                               /* end: */
-               0xeafffffe              /* b end                                */
-       };
-
-       /* make sure we have a working area */
-       if (target_alloc_working_area(target, sizeof(erase_check_code), &erase_check_algorithm) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
-       }
+       struct arm_algorithm arm_algo;
+       struct reg_param reg_params[1];
 
-       /* convert flash writing code into a buffer in target endianness */
-       for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(erase_check_code)/sizeof(u32)); i++)
-               target_write_u32(target, erase_check_algorithm->address + i*sizeof(u32), erase_check_code[i]);
+       arm_algo.common_magic = ARM_COMMON_MAGIC;
+       arm_algo.core_mode = ARM_MODE_SVC;
+       arm_algo.core_state = ARM_STATE_ARM;
 
-       armv4_5_info.common_magic = ARMV4_5_COMMON_MAGIC;
-       armv4_5_info.core_mode = ARMV4_5_MODE_SVC;
-       armv4_5_info.core_state = ARMV4_5_STATE_ARM;
+       init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_IN_OUT);
 
-       init_reg_param(&reg_params[0], "r0", 32, PARAM_OUT);
        buf_set_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32, address);
 
-       init_reg_param(&reg_params[1], "r1", 32, PARAM_OUT);
-       buf_set_u32(reg_params[1].value, 0, 32, count);
-
-       init_reg_param(&reg_params[2], "r2", 32, PARAM_IN_OUT);
-       buf_set_u32(reg_params[2].value, 0, 32, 0xff);
-
-       if ((retval = target->type->run_algorithm(target, 0, NULL, 3, reg_params,
-                       erase_check_algorithm->address, erase_check_algorithm->address + (sizeof(erase_check_code) - 4), 10000, &armv4_5_info)) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
-               destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
-               destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[2]);
-               target_free_working_area(target, erase_check_algorithm);
-               return 0;
+       dcc_count = count;
+       dcc_buffer = buffer;
+       retval = armv4_5_run_algorithm_inner(target, 0, NULL, 1, reg_params,
+                       arm7_9->dcc_working_area->address,
+                       arm7_9->dcc_working_area->address + 6*4,
+                       20*1000, &arm_algo, arm7_9_dcc_completion);
+
+       if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
+               uint32_t endaddress = buf_get_u32(reg_params[0].value, 0, 32);
+               if (endaddress != (address + count*4)) {
+                       LOG_ERROR(
+                               "DCC write failed, expected end address 0x%08" TARGET_PRIxADDR " got 0x%0" PRIx32 "",
+                               (address + count*4),
+                               endaddress);
+                       retval = ERROR_FAIL;
+               }
        }
 
-       *blank = buf_get_u32(reg_params[2].value, 0, 32);
-
        destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[0]);
-       destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[1]);
-       destroy_reg_param(&reg_params[2]);
-
-       target_free_working_area(target, erase_check_algorithm);
-
-       return ERROR_OK;
-}
-
-int arm7_9_register_commands(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx)
-{
-       command_t *arm7_9_cmd;
-
-       arm7_9_cmd = register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "arm7_9", NULL, COMMAND_ANY, "arm7/9 specific commands");
 
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "write_xpsr", handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "write program status register <value> <not cpsr|spsr>");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "write_xpsr_im8", handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_im8_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "write program status register <8bit immediate> <rotate> <not cpsr|spsr>");
-
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "write_core_reg", handle_arm7_9_write_core_reg_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "write core register <num> <mode> <value>");
-
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "sw_bkpts", handle_arm7_9_sw_bkpts_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "support for software breakpoints <enable|disable>");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "force_hw_bkpts", handle_arm7_9_force_hw_bkpts_command, COMMAND_EXEC, "use hardware breakpoints for all breakpoints (disables sw breakpoint support) <enable|disable>");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "dbgrq", handle_arm7_9_dbgrq_command,
-               COMMAND_ANY, "use EmbeddedICE dbgrq instead of breakpoint for target halt requests <enable|disable>");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "fast_writes", handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command,
-                COMMAND_ANY, "(deprecated, see: arm7_9 fast_memory_access)");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "fast_memory_access", handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command,
-                COMMAND_ANY, "use fast memory accesses instead of slower but potentially unsafe slow accesses <enable|disable>");
-       register_command(cmd_ctx, arm7_9_cmd, "dcc_downloads", handle_arm7_9_dcc_downloads_command,
-               COMMAND_ANY, "use DCC downloads for larger memory writes <enable|disable>");
-
-       armv4_5_register_commands(cmd_ctx);
-
-       etm_register_commands(cmd_ctx);
-
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+/**
+ * Perform per-target setup that requires JTAG access.
+ */
+int arm7_9_examine(struct target *target)
 {
-       u32 value;
-       int spsr;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
        int retval;
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
-
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
 
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "can't write registers while running");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+       if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
+               struct reg_cache *t, **cache_p;
 
-       if (argc < 2)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: write_xpsr <value> <not cpsr|spsr>");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+               t = embeddedice_build_reg_cache(target, arm7_9);
+               if (!t)
+                       return ERROR_FAIL;
 
-       value = strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0);
-       spsr = strtol(args[1], NULL, 0);
+               cache_p = register_get_last_cache_p(&target->reg_cache);
+               (*cache_p) = t;
+               arm7_9->eice_cache = (*cache_p);
 
-       /* if we're writing the CPSR, mask the T bit */
-       if (!spsr)
-               value &= ~0x20;
+               if (arm7_9->arm.etm)
+                       (*cache_p)->next = etm_build_reg_cache(target,
+                                       &arm7_9->jtag_info,
+                                       arm7_9->arm.etm);
 
-       arm7_9->write_xpsr(target, value, spsr);
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while writing to xpsr");
-               return retval;
+               target_set_examined(target);
        }
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       retval = embeddedice_setup(target);
+       if (retval == ERROR_OK)
+               retval = arm7_9_setup(target);
+       if (retval == ERROR_OK && arm7_9->arm.etm)
+               retval = etm_setup(target);
+       return retval;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_write_xpsr_im8_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+void arm7_9_deinit(struct target *target)
 {
-       u32 value;
-       int rotate;
-       int spsr;
-       int retval;
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
-
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "can't write registers while running");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
-       if (argc < 3)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: write_xpsr_im8 <im8> <rotate> <not cpsr|spsr>");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       value = strtoul(args[0], NULL, 0);
-       rotate = strtol(args[1], NULL, 0);
-       spsr = strtol(args[2], NULL, 0);
-
-       arm7_9->write_xpsr_im8(target, value, rotate, spsr);
-       if ((retval = jtag_execute_queue()) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("JTAG error while writing 8-bit immediate to xpsr");
-               return retval;
-       }
+       if (target_was_examined(target))
+               embeddedice_free_reg_cache(arm7_9->eice_cache);
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       arm_jtag_close_connection(&arm7_9->jtag_info);
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_write_core_reg_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+int arm7_9_check_reset(struct target *target)
 {
-       u32 value;
-       u32 mode;
-       int num;
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
-
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "can't write registers while running");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (argc < 3)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: write_core_reg <num> <mode> <value>");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
+       if (get_target_reset_nag() && !arm7_9->dcc_downloads)
+               LOG_WARNING(
+                       "NOTE! DCC downloads have not been enabled, defaulting to slow memory writes. Type 'help dcc'.");
 
-       num = strtol(args[0], NULL, 0);
-       mode = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
-       value = strtoul(args[2], NULL, 0);
+       if (get_target_reset_nag() && (target->working_area_size == 0))
+               LOG_WARNING("NOTE! Severe performance degradation without working memory enabled.");
 
-       arm7_9_write_core_reg(target, num, mode, value);
+       if (get_target_reset_nag() && !arm7_9->fast_memory_access)
+               LOG_WARNING(
+                       "NOTE! Severe performance degradation without fast memory access enabled. Type 'help fast'.");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_sw_bkpts_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+int arm7_9_endianness_callback(jtag_callback_data_t pu8_in,
+               jtag_callback_data_t i_size, jtag_callback_data_t i_be,
+               jtag_callback_data_t i_flip)
 {
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
-
-       if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("target not halted");
-               return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
-       }
-       
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
-       if (argc == 0)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "software breakpoints %s", (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
-               return ERROR_OK;
-       }
-
-       if (strcmp("enable", args[0]) == 0)
-       {
-               if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_use_wp)
-               {
-                       arm7_9_enable_sw_bkpts(target);
-               }
+       uint8_t *in = (uint8_t *)pu8_in;
+       int size = (int)i_size;
+       int be = (int)i_be;
+       int flip = (int)i_flip;
+       uint32_t readback;
+
+       switch (size) {
+       case 4:
+               readback = le_to_h_u32(in);
+               if (flip)
+                       readback = flip_u32(readback, 32);
+               if (be)
+                       h_u32_to_be(in, readback);
                else
-               {
-                       arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 1;
-               }
-       }
-       else if (strcmp("disable", args[0]) == 0)
-       {
-               if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_use_wp)
-               {
-                       arm7_9_disable_sw_bkpts(target);
-               }
+                       h_u32_to_le(in, readback);
+               break;
+       case 2:
+               readback = le_to_h_u16(in);
+               if (flip)
+                       readback = flip_u32(readback, 16);
+               if (be)
+                       h_u16_to_be(in, readback & 0xffff);
                else
-               {
-                       arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled = 0;
-               }
+                       h_u16_to_le(in, readback & 0xffff);
+               break;
+       case 1:
+               readback = *in;
+               if (flip)
+                       readback = flip_u32(readback, 8);
+               *in = readback & 0xff;
+               break;
        }
-       else
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: arm7_9 sw_bkpts <enable|disable>");
-       }
-
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "software breakpoints %s", (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_enabled) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_force_hw_bkpts_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_arm7_9_dbgrq_command)
 {
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
+       struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
+       if (!is_arm7_9(arm7_9)) {
+               command_print(CMD, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
 
-       if ((argc >= 1) && (strcmp("enable", args[0]) == 0))
-       {
-               arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts = 1;
-               if (arm7_9->sw_bkpts_use_wp)
-               {
-                       arm7_9_disable_sw_bkpts(target);
-               }
-       }
-       else if ((argc >= 1) && (strcmp("disable", args[0]) == 0))
-       {
-               arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts = 0;
-       }
-       else
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: arm7_9 force_hw_bkpts <enable|disable>");
-       }
+       if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
+               COMMAND_PARSE_ENABLE(CMD_ARGV[0], arm7_9->use_dbgrq);
 
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "force hardware breakpoints %s", (arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+       command_print(CMD,
+               "use of EmbeddedICE dbgrq instead of breakpoint for target halt %s",
+               (arm7_9->use_dbgrq) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_dbgrq_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command)
 {
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
+       struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
+       if (!is_arm7_9(arm7_9)) {
+               command_print(CMD, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
 
-       if (argc > 0)
-       {
-               if (strcmp("enable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->use_dbgrq = 1;
-               }
-               else if (strcmp("disable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->use_dbgrq = 0;
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: arm7_9 dbgrq <enable|disable>");
-               }
-       }
+       if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
+               COMMAND_PARSE_ENABLE(CMD_ARGV[0], arm7_9->fast_memory_access);
 
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "use of EmbeddedICE dbgrq instead of breakpoint for target halt %s", (arm7_9->use_dbgrq) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+       command_print(CMD,
+               "fast memory access is %s",
+               (arm7_9->fast_memory_access) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_arm7_9_dcc_downloads_command)
 {
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
+       struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
+       if (!is_arm7_9(arm7_9)) {
+               command_print(CMD, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
 
-       if (argc > 0)
-       {
-               if (strcmp("enable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->fast_memory_access = 1;
-               }
-               else if (strcmp("disable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->fast_memory_access = 0;
-               }
-               else
-               {
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: arm7_9 fast_memory_access <enable|disable>");
-               }
-       }
+       if (CMD_ARGC > 0)
+               COMMAND_PARSE_ENABLE(CMD_ARGV[0], arm7_9->dcc_downloads);
 
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "fast memory access is %s", (arm7_9->fast_memory_access) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+       command_print(CMD,
+               "dcc downloads are %s",
+               (arm7_9->dcc_downloads) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int handle_arm7_9_dcc_downloads_command(struct command_context_s *cmd_ctx, char *cmd, char **args, int argc)
+static int arm7_9_setup_semihosting(struct target *target, int enable)
 {
-       target_t *target = get_current_target(cmd_ctx);
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5;
-       arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9;
+       struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9 = target_to_arm7_9(target);
 
-       if (arm7_9_get_arch_pointers(target, &armv4_5, &arm7_9) != ERROR_OK)
-       {
-               command_print(cmd_ctx, "current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
-               return ERROR_OK;
+       if (!is_arm7_9(arm7_9)) {
+               LOG_USER("current target isn't an ARM7/ARM9 target");
+               return ERROR_TARGET_INVALID;
        }
 
-       if (argc > 0)
-       {
-               if (strcmp("enable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->dcc_downloads = 1;
-               }
-               else if (strcmp("disable", args[0]) == 0)
-               {
-                       arm7_9->dcc_downloads = 0;
-               }
+       if (arm7_9->has_vector_catch) {
+               struct reg *vector_catch = &arm7_9->eice_cache
+                       ->reg_list[EICE_VEC_CATCH];
+
+               if (!vector_catch->valid)
+                       embeddedice_read_reg(vector_catch);
+               buf_set_u32(vector_catch->value, 2, 1, enable);
+               embeddedice_store_reg(vector_catch);
+       } else {
+               /* TODO: allow optional high vectors and/or BKPT_HARD */
+               if (enable)
+                       breakpoint_add(target, 8, 4, BKPT_SOFT);
                else
-               {
-                       command_print(cmd_ctx, "usage: arm7_9 dcc_downloads <enable|disable>");
-               }
+                       breakpoint_remove(target, 8);
        }
 
-       command_print(cmd_ctx, "dcc downloads are %s", (arm7_9->dcc_downloads) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
-
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
-int arm7_9_init_arch_info(target_t *target, arm7_9_common_t *arm7_9)
+int arm7_9_init_arch_info(struct target *target, struct arm7_9_common *arm7_9)
 {
-       armv4_5_common_t *armv4_5 = &arm7_9->armv4_5_common;
+       int retval = ERROR_OK;
+       struct arm *arm = &arm7_9->arm;
 
        arm7_9->common_magic = ARM7_9_COMMON_MAGIC;
 
-       arm_jtag_setup_connection(&arm7_9->jtag_info);
-       arm7_9->wp_available = 2;
-       arm7_9->wp0_used = 0;
-       arm7_9->wp1_used = 0;
-       arm7_9->force_hw_bkpts = 0;
-       arm7_9->use_dbgrq = 0;
-
-       arm7_9->etm_ctx = NULL;
-       arm7_9->has_single_step = 0;
-       arm7_9->has_monitor_mode = 0;
-       arm7_9->has_vector_catch = 0;
-
-       arm7_9->debug_entry_from_reset = 0;
-
-       arm7_9->dcc_working_area = NULL;
+       retval = arm_jtag_setup_connection(&arm7_9->jtag_info);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       arm7_9->fast_memory_access = fast_and_dangerous;
-       arm7_9->dcc_downloads = fast_and_dangerous;
+       /* caller must have allocated via calloc(), so everything's zeroed */
 
-       arm7_9->need_bypass_before_restart = 0;
+       arm7_9->wp_available_max = 2;
 
-       armv4_5->arch_info = arm7_9;
-       armv4_5->read_core_reg = arm7_9_read_core_reg;
-       armv4_5->write_core_reg = arm7_9_write_core_reg;
-       armv4_5->full_context = arm7_9_full_context;
+       arm7_9->fast_memory_access = false;
+       arm7_9->dcc_downloads = false;
 
-       armv4_5_init_arch_info(target, armv4_5);
+       arm->arch_info = arm7_9;
+       arm->core_type = ARM_CORE_TYPE_STD;
+       arm->read_core_reg = arm7_9_read_core_reg;
+       arm->write_core_reg = arm7_9_write_core_reg;
+       arm->full_context = arm7_9_full_context;
+       arm->setup_semihosting = arm7_9_setup_semihosting;
 
-       target_register_timer_callback(arm7_9_handle_target_request, 1, 1, target);
+       retval = arm_init_arch_info(target, arm);
+       if (retval != ERROR_OK)
+               return retval;
 
-       return ERROR_OK;
+       return target_register_timer_callback(arm7_9_handle_target_request,
+               1, TARGET_TIMER_TYPE_PERIODIC, target);
 }
+
+static const struct command_registration arm7_9_any_command_handlers[] = {
+       {
+               .name = "dbgrq",
+               .handler = handle_arm7_9_dbgrq_command,
+               .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
+               .usage = "['enable'|'disable']",
+               .help = "use EmbeddedICE dbgrq instead of breakpoint "
+                       "for target halt requests",
+       },
+       {
+               .name = "fast_memory_access",
+               .handler = handle_arm7_9_fast_memory_access_command,
+               .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
+               .usage = "['enable'|'disable']",
+               .help = "use fast memory accesses instead of slower "
+                       "but potentially safer accesses",
+       },
+       {
+               .name = "dcc_downloads",
+               .handler = handle_arm7_9_dcc_downloads_command,
+               .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
+               .usage = "['enable'|'disable']",
+               .help = "use DCC downloads for larger memory writes",
+       },
+       COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
+};
+const struct command_registration arm7_9_command_handlers[] = {
+       {
+               .chain = arm_command_handlers,
+       },
+       {
+               .chain = etm_command_handlers,
+       },
+       {
+               .name = "arm7_9",
+               .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
+               .help = "arm7/9 specific commands",
+               .usage = "",
+               .chain = arm7_9_any_command_handlers,
+       },
+       COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
+};