Continue encapsulation of JTAG event callback sub-API:
[fw/openocd] / src / jtag / ft2232.c
index 9a3c986fecf6f70cb2944785dfd4bebbfb16fb82..4bc2f3fe43e6f4dbaab6354c756da8ada641a1af 100644 (file)
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver                                  *
 *   spen@spen-soft.co.uk                                                  *
 *                                                                         *
+*   Copyright (C) 2009 by SoftPLC Corporation.  http://softplc.com        *
+*      Dick Hollenbeck <dick@softplc.com>                                    *
+*                                                                         *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
@@ -26,6 +29,9 @@
  * found here:
  * http://www.ftdichip.com/Documents/AppNotes/AN2232C-01_MPSSE_Cmnd.pdf
  * Hereafter this is called the "MPSSE Spec".
+ *
+ * The datasheet for the ftdichip.com's FT2232D part is here:
+ * http://www.ftdichip.com/Documents/DataSheets/DS_FT2232D.pdf
  */
 
 
 #include "config.h"
 #endif
 
+/* project specific includes */
+#include "interface.h"
+#include "commands.h"
+#include "time_support.h"
+
 #if IS_CYGWIN == 1
-#include "windows.h"
+#include <windows.h>
 #endif
 
-#include "replacements.h"
+#include <assert.h>
 
-/* project specific includes */
-#include "log.h"
-#include "types.h"
-#include "jtag.h"
-#include "configuration.h"
-#include "time_support.h"
-
-/* system includes */
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
+#if (BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX==1 && BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI==1)
+#error "BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX && BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI are mutually exclusive"
+#elif (BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX!=1 && BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI!=1)
+#error "BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX || BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI must be chosen"
+#endif
 
 /* FT2232 access library includes */
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
 #include <ftdi.h>
 #endif
 
-/* enable this to debug io latency
- */
-#if 0
-#define _DEBUG_USB_IO_
-#endif
-
-/* enable this to debug communication
- */
-#if 0
-#define _DEBUG_USB_COMMS_
-#endif
+/* max TCK for the high speed devices 30000 kHz */
+#define        FTDI_2232H_4232H_MAX_TCK        30000
 
-int ft2232_execute_queue(void);
+static int ft2232_execute_queue(void);
 
-int ft2232_speed(int speed);
-int ft2232_speed_div(int speed, int* khz);
-int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed);
-int ft2232_register_commands(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx);
-int ft2232_init(void);
-int ft2232_quit(void);
+static int ft2232_speed(int speed);
+static int ft2232_speed_div(int speed, int* khz);
+static int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed);
+static int ft2232_register_commands(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx);
+static int ft2232_init(void);
+static int ft2232_quit(void);
 
-int ft2232_handle_device_desc_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
-int ft2232_handle_serial_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
-int ft2232_handle_layout_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
-int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
-int ft2232_handle_latency_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
+static int ft2232_handle_device_desc_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
+static int ft2232_handle_serial_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
+static int ft2232_handle_layout_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
+static int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
+static int ft2232_handle_latency_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc);
 
 
 /**
- * Function ft2232_stableclocks
- * will send out \a num_cycles on the TCK line while the TAP(s)
- * are in a stable state.  Calling code must ensure that current state is
- * stable, that verification is not done in here.
- * @param num_cycles is the count of clocks cycles to send.
- * @return int - ERROR_OK or ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED
+ * Send out \a num_cycles on the TCK line while the TAP(s) are in a
+ * stable state.  Calling code must ensure that current state is stable,
+ * that verification is not done in here.
+ *
+ * @param num_cycles The number of clocks cycles to send.
+ * @param cmd The command to send.
+ *
+ * @returns ERROR_OK on success, or ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED on failure.
  */
 static int ft2232_stableclocks(int num_cycles, jtag_command_t* cmd);
 
+/* max TCK for the high speed devices 30000 kHz */
+#define        FTDI_2232H_4232H_MAX_TCK        30000
+
+static char *       ft2232_device_desc_A = NULL;
+static char*        ft2232_device_desc = NULL;
+static char*        ft2232_serial  = NULL;
+static char*        ft2232_layout  = NULL;
+static u8              ft2232_latency = 2;
+static unsigned                ft2232_max_tck = 6000;
 
-char*         ft2232_device_desc = NULL;
-char*         ft2232_serial  = NULL;
-char*         ft2232_layout  = NULL;
-unsigned char ft2232_latency = 2;
 
 #define MAX_USB_IDS 8
 /* vid = pid = 0 marks the end of the list */
@@ -116,30 +119,36 @@ typedef struct ft2232_layout_s
 } ft2232_layout_t;
 
 /* init procedures for supported layouts */
-int  usbjtag_init(void);
-int  jtagkey_init(void);
-int  olimex_jtag_init(void);
-int  flyswatter_init(void);
-int  turtle_init(void);
-int  comstick_init(void);
-int  stm32stick_init(void);
-int  axm0432_jtag_init(void);
+static int usbjtag_init(void);
+static int jtagkey_init(void);
+static int olimex_jtag_init(void);
+static int flyswatter_init(void);
+static int turtle_init(void);
+static int comstick_init(void);
+static int stm32stick_init(void);
+static int axm0432_jtag_init(void);
+static int sheevaplug_init(void);
+static int icebear_jtag_init(void);
+static int cortino_jtag_init(void);
 
 /* reset procedures for supported layouts */
-void usbjtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void jtagkey_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void olimex_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void flyswatter_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void turtle_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void comstick_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void stm32stick_reset(int trst, int srst);
-void axm0432_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void usbjtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void jtagkey_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void olimex_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void flyswatter_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void turtle_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void comstick_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void stm32stick_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void axm0432_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void sheevaplug_reset(int trst, int srst);
+static void icebear_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst);
 
 /* blink procedures for layouts that support a blinking led */
-void olimex_jtag_blink(void);
-void turtle_jtag_blink(void);
+static void olimex_jtag_blink(void);
+static void flyswatter_jtag_blink(void);
+static void turtle_jtag_blink(void);
 
-ft2232_layout_t            ft2232_layouts[] =
+static const ft2232_layout_t  ft2232_layouts[] =
 {
        { "usbjtag",              usbjtag_init,              usbjtag_reset,      NULL                    },
        { "jtagkey",              jtagkey_init,              jtagkey_reset,      NULL                    },
@@ -148,24 +157,28 @@ ft2232_layout_t            ft2232_layouts[] =
        { "signalyzer",           usbjtag_init,              usbjtag_reset,      NULL                    },
        { "evb_lm3s811",          usbjtag_init,              usbjtag_reset,      NULL                    },
        { "olimex-jtag",          olimex_jtag_init,          olimex_jtag_reset,  olimex_jtag_blink       },
-       { "flyswatter",           flyswatter_init,           flyswatter_reset,   NULL                    },
+       { "flyswatter",           flyswatter_init,           flyswatter_reset,   flyswatter_jtag_blink   },
        { "turtelizer2",          turtle_init,               turtle_reset,       turtle_jtag_blink       },
        { "comstick",             comstick_init,             comstick_reset,     NULL                    },
        { "stm32stick",           stm32stick_init,           stm32stick_reset,   NULL                    },
        { "axm0432_jtag",         axm0432_jtag_init,         axm0432_jtag_reset, NULL                    },
-       { NULL,                   NULL,                      NULL },
+       { "sheevaplug",           sheevaplug_init,           sheevaplug_reset,   NULL                    },
+       { "icebear",              icebear_jtag_init,         icebear_jtag_reset, NULL                    },
+       { "cortino",              cortino_jtag_init,         comstick_reset, NULL                        },
+       { NULL,                   NULL,                      NULL,               NULL                    },
 };
 
 static u8                  nTRST, nTRSTnOE, nSRST, nSRSTnOE;
 
-static ft2232_layout_t*    layout;
+static const ft2232_layout_t *layout;
 static u8                  low_output     = 0x0;
 static u8                  low_direction  = 0x0;
 static u8                  high_output    = 0x0;
 static u8                  high_direction = 0x0;
 
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
-static FT_HANDLE           ftdih = NULL;
+static FT_HANDLE       ftdih = NULL;
+static FT_DEVICE       ftdi_device = 0;
 #elif BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI == 1
 static struct ftdi_context ftdic;
 #endif
@@ -174,33 +187,163 @@ static struct ftdi_context ftdic;
 static jtag_command_t* first_unsent;        /* next command that has to be sent */
 static int             require_send;
 
+
+/*     http://urjtag.wiki.sourceforge.net/Cable+FT2232 says:
+
+       "There is a significant difference between libftdi and libftd2xx. The latter
+       one allows to schedule up to 64*64 bytes of result data while libftdi fails
+       with more than 4*64. As a consequence, the FT2232 driver is forced to
+       perform around 16x more USB transactions for long command streams with TDO
+       capture when running with libftdi."
+
+       No idea how we get
+       #define FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE 131072
+       a comment would have been nice.
+*/
+
+#define FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE 131072
+
 static u8*             ft2232_buffer = NULL;
 static int             ft2232_buffer_size  = 0;
 static int             ft2232_read_pointer = 0;
 static int             ft2232_expect_read  = 0;
 
-#define FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE 131072
-#define BUFFER_ADD         ft2232_buffer[ft2232_buffer_size++]
-#define BUFFER_READ        ft2232_buffer[ft2232_read_pointer++]
+/**
+ * Function buffer_write
+ * writes a byte into the byte buffer, "ft2232_buffer", which must be sent later.
+ * @param val is the byte to send.
+ */
+static inline void buffer_write(u8 val)
+{
+       assert(ft2232_buffer);
+       assert((unsigned) ft2232_buffer_size < (unsigned) FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE);
+       ft2232_buffer[ft2232_buffer_size++] = val;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Function buffer_read
+ * returns a byte from the byte buffer.
+ */
+static inline u8 buffer_read(void)
+{
+       assert(ft2232_buffer);
+       assert(ft2232_read_pointer < ft2232_buffer_size);
+       return ft2232_buffer[ft2232_read_pointer++];
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Clocks out \a bit_count bits on the TMS line, starting with the least
+ * significant bit of tms_bits and progressing to more significant bits.
+ * Rigorous state transition logging is done here via tap_set_state().
+ *
+ * @param mpsse_cmd One of the MPSSE TMS oriented commands such as
+ *     0x4b or 0x6b.  See the MPSSE spec referenced above for their
+ *     functionality. The MPSSE command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)"
+ *     is often used for this, 0x4b.
+ *
+ * @param tms_bits Holds the sequence of bits to send.
+ * @param tms_count Tells how many bits in the sequence.
+ * @param tdi_bit A single bit to pass on to TDI before the first TCK
+ *     cycle and held static for the duration of TMS clocking.
+ *
+ * See the MPSSE spec referenced above.
+ */
+static void clock_tms(u8 mpsse_cmd, int tms_bits, int tms_count, bool tdi_bit)
+{
+       u8      tms_byte;
+       int     i;
+       int     tms_ndx;                                /* bit index into tms_byte */
+
+       assert(tms_count > 0);
+
+//     LOG_DEBUG("mpsse cmd=%02x, tms_bits=0x%08x, bit_count=%d", mpsse_cmd, tms_bits, tms_count);
+
+       for (tms_byte = tms_ndx = i = 0;   i < tms_count;   ++i, tms_bits>>=1)
+       {
+               bool bit = tms_bits & 1;
+
+               if (bit)
+                       tms_byte |= (1<<tms_ndx);
+
+               /* always do state transitions in public view */
+               tap_set_state(tap_state_transition(tap_get_state(), bit));
+
+               /*      we wrote a bit to tms_byte just above, increment bit index.  if bit was zero
+                       also increment.
+               */
+               ++tms_ndx;
+
+               if (tms_ndx==7  || i==tms_count-1)
+               {
+                       buffer_write(mpsse_cmd);
+                       buffer_write(tms_ndx - 1);
+
+                       /*      Bit 7 of the byte is passed on to TDI/DO before the first TCK/SK of
+                               TMS/CS and is held static for the duration of TMS/CS clocking.
+                       */
+                       buffer_write(tms_byte | (tdi_bit << 7));
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function get_tms_buffer_requirements
+ * returns what clock_tms() will consume if called with
+ * same \a bit_count.
+ */
+static inline int get_tms_buffer_requirements(int bit_count)
+{
+       return ((bit_count + 6)/7) * 3;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Function move_to_state
+ * moves the TAP controller from the current state to a
+ * \a goal_state through a path given by tap_get_tms_path().  State transition
+ * logging is performed by delegation to clock_tms().
+ *
+ * @param goal_state is the destination state for the move.
+ */
+static void move_to_state(tap_state_t goal_state)
+{
+       tap_state_t     start_state = tap_get_state();
+
+       /*      goal_state is 1/2 of a tuple/pair of states which allow convenient
+               lookup of the required TMS pattern to move to this state from the
+               start state.
+       */
+
+       /* do the 2 lookups */
+       int tms_bits  = tap_get_tms_path(start_state, goal_state);
+       int tms_count = tap_get_tms_path_len(start_state, goal_state);
+
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("start=%s goal=%s", tap_state_name(start_state), tap_state_name(goal_state));
+
+       clock_tms(0x4b,  tms_bits, tms_count, 0);
+}
+
 
 jtag_interface_t ft2232_interface =
 {
-       .name               = "ft2232",
-       .execute_queue = ft2232_execute_queue,
-       .speed     = ft2232_speed,
-       .speed_div = ft2232_speed_div,
-       .khz                = ft2232_khz,
-       .register_commands  = ft2232_register_commands,
-       .init = ft2232_init,
-       .quit = ft2232_quit,
+       .name                   = "ft2232",
+       .execute_queue          = ft2232_execute_queue,
+       .speed                  = ft2232_speed,
+       .speed_div              = ft2232_speed_div,
+       .khz                    = ft2232_khz,
+       .register_commands      = ft2232_register_commands,
+       .init                   = ft2232_init,
+       .quit                   = ft2232_quit,
 };
 
-int ft2232_write(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_written)
+static int ft2232_write(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_written)
 {
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
        FT_STATUS status;
-       DWORD     dw_bytes_written;
-       if ( ( status = FT_Write(ftdih, buf, size, &dw_bytes_written) ) != FT_OK )
+       DWORD   dw_bytes_written;
+       if ((status = FT_Write(ftdih, buf, size, &dw_bytes_written)) != FT_OK)
        {
                *bytes_written = dw_bytes_written;
                LOG_ERROR("FT_Write returned: %lu", status);
@@ -213,10 +356,10 @@ int ft2232_write(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_written)
        }
 #elif BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI == 1
        int retval;
-       if ( ( retval = ftdi_write_data(&ftdic, buf, size) ) < 0 )
+       if ((retval = ftdi_write_data(&ftdic, buf, size)) < 0)
        {
                *bytes_written = 0;
-               LOG_ERROR( "ftdi_write_data: %s", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic) );
+               LOG_ERROR("ftdi_write_data: %s", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
                return ERROR_JTAG_DEVICE_ERROR;
        }
        else
@@ -228,7 +371,7 @@ int ft2232_write(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_written)
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_read(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_read)
+static int ft2232_read(u8* buf, u32 size, u32* bytes_read)
 {
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
        DWORD     dw_bytes_read;
@@ -236,10 +379,10 @@ int ft2232_read(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_read)
        int       timeout = 5;
        *bytes_read = 0;
 
-       while ( (*bytes_read < size) && timeout-- )
+       while ((*bytes_read < size) && timeout--)
        {
-               if ( ( status = FT_Read(ftdih, buf + *bytes_read, size -
-                                         *bytes_read, &dw_bytes_read) ) != FT_OK )
+               if ((status = FT_Read(ftdih, buf + *bytes_read, size -
+                                         *bytes_read, &dw_bytes_read)) != FT_OK)
                {
                        *bytes_read = 0;
                        LOG_ERROR("FT_Read returned: %lu", status);
@@ -253,12 +396,12 @@ int ft2232_read(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_read)
        int timeout = 100;
        *bytes_read = 0;
 
-       while ( (*bytes_read < size) && timeout-- )
+       while ((*bytes_read < size) && timeout--)
        {
-               if ( ( retval = ftdi_read_data(&ftdic, buf + *bytes_read, size - *bytes_read) ) < 0 )
+               if ((retval = ftdi_read_data(&ftdic, buf + *bytes_read, size - *bytes_read)) < 0)
                {
                        *bytes_read = 0;
-                       LOG_ERROR( "ftdi_read_data: %s", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic) );
+                       LOG_ERROR("ftdi_read_data: %s", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
                        return ERROR_JTAG_DEVICE_ERROR;
                }
                *bytes_read += retval;
@@ -275,19 +418,61 @@ int ft2232_read(u8* buf, int size, u32* bytes_read)
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
+#ifdef BUILD_FTD2XX_HIGHSPEED
+static bool ft2232_device_is_highspeed(void)
+{
+       return (ftdi_device == FT_DEVICE_2232H) || (ftdi_device == FT_DEVICE_4232H);
+}
+
+static int ft2232_adaptive_clocking(int speed)
+{
+       bool use_adaptive_clocking = FALSE;
+       if (0 == speed)
+       {
+               if (ft2232_device_is_highspeed())
+                       use_adaptive_clocking = TRUE;
+               else
+               {
+                       LOG_ERROR("ft2232 device %lu does not support RTCK", ftdi_device);
+                       return ERROR_OK;
+               }
+       }
+
+       u8  buf = use_adaptive_clocking ? 0x96 : 0x97;
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x", buf);
+
+       u32 bytes_written;
+       int retval = ft2232_write(&buf, 1, &bytes_written);
+       if (ERROR_OK != retval || bytes_written != 1)
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("unable to set adative clocking: %d", retval);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       return ERROR_OK;
+}
+#else
+static int ft2232_adaptive_clocking(int speed)
+{
+       // not implemented on low-speed devices
+       return speed ? ERROR_OK : -1234;
+}
+#endif
 
-int ft2232_speed(int speed)
+static int ft2232_speed(int speed)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        int retval;
        u32 bytes_written;
 
-       buf[0] = 0x86;                  /* command "set divisor" */
+       ft2232_adaptive_clocking(speed);
+
+       buf[0] = 0x86;                  /* command "set divisor" */
        buf[1] = speed & 0xff;          /* valueL (0=6MHz, 1=3MHz, 2=2.0MHz, ...*/
        buf[2] = (speed >> 8) & 0xff;   /* valueH */
 
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
-       if ( ( ( retval = ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((retval = ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't set FT2232 TCK speed");
                return retval;
@@ -297,24 +482,31 @@ int ft2232_speed(int speed)
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_speed_div(int speed, int* khz)
+static int ft2232_speed_div(int speed, int* khz)
 {
        /* Take a look in the FT2232 manual,
         * AN2232C-01 Command Processor for
         * MPSSE and MCU Host Bus. Chapter 3.8 */
 
-       *khz = 6000 / (1 + speed);
+       *khz = ft2232_max_tck / (1 + speed);
 
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed)
+static int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed)
 {
        if (khz==0)
        {
-               LOG_ERROR("RCLK not supported");
+#ifdef BUILD_FTD2XX_HIGHSPEED
+               *jtag_speed = 0;
+               return ERROR_OK;
+#else
+               LOG_DEBUG("RCLK not supported");
+               LOG_DEBUG("If you have a high-speed FTDI device, then "
+                       "OpenOCD may be built with --enable-ftd2xx-highspeed.");
                return ERROR_FAIL;
+#endif
        }
 
        /* Take a look in the FT2232 manual,
@@ -324,9 +516,9 @@ int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed)
         * We will calc here with a multiplier
         * of 10 for better rounding later. */
 
-       /* Calc speed, (6000 / khz) - 1 */
+       /* Calc speed, (ft2232_max_tck / khz) - 1 */
        /* Use 65000 for better rounding */
-       *jtag_speed = (60000 / khz) - 10;
+       *jtag_speed = ((ft2232_max_tck*10) / khz) - 10;
 
        /* Add 0.9 for rounding */
        *jtag_speed += 9;
@@ -350,7 +542,7 @@ int ft2232_khz(int khz, int* jtag_speed)
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_register_commands(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx)
+static int ft2232_register_commands(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx)
 {
        register_command(cmd_ctx, NULL, "ft2232_device_desc", ft2232_handle_device_desc_command,
                        COMMAND_CONFIG, "the USB device description of the FTDI FT2232 device");
@@ -366,19 +558,18 @@ int ft2232_register_commands(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx)
 }
 
 
-void ft2232_end_state(tap_state_t state)
+static void ft2232_end_state(tap_state_t state)
 {
        if (tap_is_state_stable(state))
                tap_set_end_state(state);
        else
        {
-               LOG_ERROR("BUG: %i is not a valid end state", state);
+               LOG_ERROR("BUG: %s is not a stable end state", tap_state_name(state));
                exit(-1);
        }
 }
 
-
-void ft2232_read_scan(enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
+static void ft2232_read_scan(enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
 {
        int num_bytes = (scan_size + 7) / 8;
        int bits_left = scan_size;
@@ -386,23 +577,23 @@ void ft2232_read_scan(enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
 
        while (num_bytes-- > 1)
        {
-               buffer[cur_byte] = BUFFER_READ;
-               cur_byte++;
+               buffer[cur_byte++] = buffer_read();
                bits_left -= 8;
        }
 
        buffer[cur_byte] = 0x0;
 
+       /* There is one more partial byte left from the clock data in/out instructions */
        if (bits_left > 1)
        {
-               buffer[cur_byte] = BUFFER_READ >> 1;
+               buffer[cur_byte] = buffer_read() >> 1;
        }
-
-       buffer[cur_byte] = ( buffer[cur_byte] | ( (BUFFER_READ & 0x02) << 6 ) ) >> (8 - bits_left);
+       /* This shift depends on the length of the clock data to tms instruction, insterted at end of the scan, now fixed to a two step transition in ft2232_add_scan */
+       buffer[cur_byte] = (buffer[cur_byte] | (((buffer_read()) << 1) & 0x80)) >> (8 - bits_left);
 }
 
 
-void ft2232_debug_dump_buffer(void)
+static void ft2232_debug_dump_buffer(void)
 {
        int   i;
        char  line[256];
@@ -423,15 +614,15 @@ void ft2232_debug_dump_buffer(void)
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
+static int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
 {
        jtag_command_t* cmd;
        u8*             buffer;
        int             scan_size;
        enum scan_type  type;
        int             retval;
-       u32             bytes_written;
-       u32             bytes_read;
+       u32             bytes_written=0;
+       u32             bytes_read=0;
 
 #ifdef _DEBUG_USB_IO_
        struct timeval  start, inter, inter2, end;
@@ -447,7 +638,7 @@ int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
        gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
 #endif
 
-       if ( ( retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK )
+       if ((retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't write MPSSE commands to FT2232");
                return retval;
@@ -466,7 +657,7 @@ int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
                gettimeofday(&inter2, NULL);
 #endif
 
-               if ( ( retval = ft2232_read(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_expect_read, &bytes_read) ) != ERROR_OK )
+               if ((retval = ft2232_read(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_expect_read, &bytes_read)) != ERROR_OK)
                {
                        LOG_ERROR("couldn't read from FT2232");
                        return retval;
@@ -479,9 +670,10 @@ int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
                timeval_subtract(&d_inter2, &inter2, &start);
                timeval_subtract(&d_end, &end, &start);
 
-               LOG_INFO("inter: %i.%06i, inter2: %i.%06i end: %i.%06i", d_inter.tv_sec, d_inter.tv_usec, d_inter2.tv_sec,
-                               d_inter2.tv_usec, d_end.tv_sec,
-                               d_end.tv_usec);
+               LOG_INFO("inter: %u.%06u, inter2: %u.%06u end: %u.%06u",
+                       (unsigned)d_inter.tv_sec, (unsigned)d_inter.tv_usec,
+                       (unsigned)d_inter2.tv_sec, (unsigned)d_inter2.tv_usec,
+                       (unsigned)d_end.tv_sec, (unsigned)d_end.tv_usec);
 #endif
 
                ft2232_buffer_size = bytes_read;
@@ -541,77 +733,68 @@ int ft2232_send_and_recv(jtag_command_t* first, jtag_command_t* last)
 }
 
 
-void ft2232_add_pathmove(pathmove_command_t* cmd)
+/**
+ * Function ft2232_add_pathmove
+ * moves the TAP controller from the current state to a new state through the
+ * given path, where path is an array of tap_state_t's.
+ *
+ * @param path is an array of tap_stat_t which gives the states to traverse through
+ *   ending with the last state at path[num_states-1]
+ * @param num_states is the count of state steps to move through
+ */
+static void ft2232_add_pathmove(tap_state_t* path, int num_states)
 {
-       int num_states = cmd->num_states;
-       int state_count = 0;
+       int                     tms_bits = 0;
+       int                     state_ndx;
+       tap_state_t     walker = tap_get_state();
 
-       while (num_states)
-       {
-               u8  tms_byte = 0;       /* zero this on each MPSSE batch */
+       assert((unsigned) num_states <= 32u);           /* tms_bits only holds 32 bits */
 
-               int bit_count = 0;
-
-               int num_states_batch = num_states > 7 ? 7 : num_states;
-
-               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
-
-               /* number of states remaining */
-               BUFFER_ADD = num_states_batch - 1;
+       /* this loop verifies that the path is legal and logs each state in the path */
+       for (state_ndx = 0; state_ndx < num_states;  ++state_ndx)
+       {
+               tap_state_t     desired_next_state = path[state_ndx];
 
-               while (num_states_batch--)
+               if (tap_state_transition(walker, false) == desired_next_state)
+                       ;       /* bit within tms_bits at index state_ndx is already zero */
+               else if (tap_state_transition(walker, true) == desired_next_state)
+                       tms_bits |= (1<<state_ndx);
+               else
                {
-                       if (tap_state_transition(tap_get_state(), FALSE) == cmd->path[state_count])
-                               buf_set_u32(&tms_byte, bit_count++, 1, 0x0);
-                       else if (tap_state_transition(tap_get_state(), TRUE) == cmd->path[state_count])
-                               buf_set_u32(&tms_byte, bit_count++, 1, 0x1);
-                       else
-                       {
-                               LOG_ERROR( "BUG: %s -> %s isn't a valid TAP transition", tap_state_name(
-                                                                tap_get_state() ), tap_state_name(cmd->path[state_count]) );
-                               exit(-1);
-                       }
-
-                       tap_set_state(cmd->path[state_count]);
-                       state_count++;
-                       num_states--;
+                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: %s -> %s isn't a valid TAP transition",
+                                       tap_state_name(walker), tap_state_name(desired_next_state));
+                       exit(-1);
                }
 
-               BUFFER_ADD = tms_byte;
+               walker = desired_next_state;
        }
-       
+
+       clock_tms(0x4b,  tms_bits, num_states, 0);
+
        tap_set_end_state(tap_get_state());
 }
 
 
-void ft2232_add_scan(int ir_scan, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
+static void ft2232_add_scan(bool ir_scan, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
 {
        int num_bytes = (scan_size + 7) / 8;
        int bits_left = scan_size;
        int cur_byte  = 0;
        int last_bit;
 
-       if ( !( ( !ir_scan && (tap_get_state() == TAP_DRSHIFT) )
-          || (    ir_scan && (tap_get_state() == TAP_IRSHIFT) ) ) )
+       if (!ir_scan)
        {
-               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
-
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;       /* scan 7 bits */
-
-               /* TMS data bits */
-               if (ir_scan)
+               if (tap_get_state() != TAP_DRSHIFT)
                {
-                       BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), TAP_IRSHIFT);
-                       tap_set_state(TAP_IRSHIFT);
+                       move_to_state(TAP_DRSHIFT);
                }
-               else
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               if (tap_get_state() != TAP_IRSHIFT)
                {
-                       BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), TAP_DRSHIFT);
-                       tap_set_state(TAP_DRSHIFT);
+                       move_to_state(TAP_IRSHIFT);
                }
-               /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
        }
 
        /* add command for complete bytes */
@@ -621,34 +804,34 @@ void ft2232_add_scan(int ir_scan, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x39;
+                       buffer_write(0x39);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (io %i)", num_bytes); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x19;
+                       buffer_write(0x19);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x28;
+                       buffer_write(0x28);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (i %i)", num_bytes); */
                }
 
                thisrun_bytes = (num_bytes > 65537) ? 65536 : (num_bytes - 1);
                num_bytes    -= thisrun_bytes;
-               BUFFER_ADD    = (thisrun_bytes - 1) & 0xff;
-               BUFFER_ADD    = ( (thisrun_bytes - 1) >> 8 ) & 0xff;
+
+               buffer_write((u8) (thisrun_bytes - 1));
+               buffer_write((u8) ((thisrun_bytes - 1) >> 8));
 
                if (type != SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* add complete bytes */
                        while (thisrun_bytes-- > 0)
                        {
-                               BUFFER_ADD = buffer[cur_byte];
-                               cur_byte++;
+                               buffer_write(buffer[cur_byte++]);
                                bits_left -= 8;
                        }
                }
@@ -660,7 +843,7 @@ void ft2232_add_scan(int ir_scan, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size
 
        /* the most signifcant bit is scanned during TAP movement */
        if (type != SCAN_IN)
-               last_bit = ( buffer[cur_byte] >> (bits_left - 1) ) & 0x1;
+               last_bit = (buffer[cur_byte] >> (bits_left - 1)) & 0x1;
        else
                last_bit = 0;
 
@@ -670,80 +853,94 @@ void ft2232_add_scan(int ir_scan, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x3b;
+                       buffer_write(0x3b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (io) %i", bits_left - 1); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x1b;
+                       buffer_write(0x1b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x2a;
+                       buffer_write(0x2a);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (i %i)", bits_left - 1); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = bits_left - 2;
+
+               buffer_write(bits_left - 2);
                if (type != SCAN_IN)
-                       BUFFER_ADD = buffer[cur_byte];
+                       buffer_write(buffer[cur_byte]);
        }
 
-       if ( (  ir_scan && (tap_get_end_state() == TAP_IRSHIFT) )
-         || ( !ir_scan && (tap_get_end_state() == TAP_DRSHIFT) ) )
+       if (( ir_scan && (tap_get_end_state() == TAP_IRSHIFT))
+         || (!ir_scan && (tap_get_end_state() == TAP_DRSHIFT)))
        {
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x3b;
+                       buffer_write(0x3b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (io) %i", bits_left - 1); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x1b;
+                       buffer_write(0x1b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x2a;
+                       buffer_write(0x2a);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (i %i)", bits_left - 1); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x0;
-               BUFFER_ADD = last_bit;
+               buffer_write(0x0);
+               buffer_write(last_bit);
        }
        else
        {
+               int tms_bits;
+               int tms_count;
+               u8      mpsse_cmd;
+
                /* move from Shift-IR/DR to end state */
                if (type != SCAN_OUT)
                {
+                       /* We always go to the PAUSE state in two step at the end of an IN or IO scan */
+                       /* This must be coordinated with the bit shifts in ft2232_read_scan    */
+                       tms_bits  = 0x01;
+                       tms_count = 2;
                        /* Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin with Read */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x6b;
+                       mpsse_cmd = 0x6b;
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (read)"); */
                }
                else
                {
+                       tms_bits  = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state());
+                       tms_count = tap_get_tms_path_len(tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state());
                        /* Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
+                       mpsse_cmd = 0x4b;
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;   /* scan 7 bits */
 
-               BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path( tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state() ) | (last_bit << 7);
-               tap_set_state( tap_get_end_state() );
+               clock_tms(mpsse_cmd, tms_bits, tms_count, last_bit);
+       }
+
+       if (tap_get_state() != tap_get_end_state())
+       {
+               move_to_state(tap_get_end_state());
        }
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
+static int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int scan_size)
 {
        int num_bytes = (scan_size + 7) / 8;
        int bits_left = scan_size;
        int cur_byte  = 0;
        int last_bit;
-       u8* receive_buffer  = malloc( CEIL(scan_size, 8) );
+       u8* receive_buffer  = malloc(CEIL(scan_size, 8));
        u8* receive_pointer = receive_buffer;
        u32 bytes_written;
        u32 bytes_read;
@@ -758,17 +955,10 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
 
        if (tap_get_state() != TAP_DRSHIFT)
        {
-               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
-
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;       /* scan 7 bits */
-
-               /* TMS data bits */
-               BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), TAP_DRSHIFT);
-               tap_set_state(TAP_DRSHIFT);
+               move_to_state(TAP_DRSHIFT);
        }
 
-       if ( ( retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK )
+       if ((retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't write MPSSE commands to FT2232");
                exit(-1);
@@ -784,34 +974,34 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x39;
+                       buffer_write(0x39);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (io %i)", num_bytes); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x19;
+                       buffer_write(0x19);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bytes In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x28;
+                       buffer_write(0x28);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bytes (i %i)", num_bytes); */
                }
 
                thisrun_bytes = (num_bytes > 65537) ? 65536 : (num_bytes - 1);
                thisrun_read  = thisrun_bytes;
                num_bytes    -= thisrun_bytes;
-               BUFFER_ADD    = (thisrun_bytes - 1) & 0xff;
-               BUFFER_ADD    = ( (thisrun_bytes - 1) >> 8 ) & 0xff;
+               buffer_write((u8) (thisrun_bytes - 1));
+               buffer_write((u8) ((thisrun_bytes - 1) >> 8));
 
                if (type != SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* add complete bytes */
                        while (thisrun_bytes-- > 0)
                        {
-                               BUFFER_ADD = buffer[cur_byte];
+                               buffer_write(buffer[cur_byte]);
                                cur_byte++;
                                bits_left -= 8;
                        }
@@ -821,7 +1011,7 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
                        bits_left -= 8 * (thisrun_bytes);
                }
 
-               if ( ( retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK )
+               if ((retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK)
                {
                        LOG_ERROR("couldn't write MPSSE commands to FT2232");
                        exit(-1);
@@ -831,7 +1021,7 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
 
                if (type != SCAN_OUT)
                {
-                       if ( ( retval = ft2232_read(receive_pointer, thisrun_read, &bytes_read) ) != ERROR_OK )
+                       if ((retval = ft2232_read(receive_pointer, thisrun_read, &bytes_read)) != ERROR_OK)
                        {
                                LOG_ERROR("couldn't read from FT2232");
                                exit(-1);
@@ -845,7 +1035,7 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
 
        /* the most signifcant bit is scanned during TAP movement */
        if (type != SCAN_IN)
-               last_bit = ( buffer[cur_byte] >> (bits_left - 1) ) & 0x1;
+               last_bit = (buffer[cur_byte] >> (bits_left - 1)) & 0x1;
        else
                last_bit = 0;
 
@@ -855,24 +1045,24 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x3b;
+                       buffer_write(0x3b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (io) %i", bits_left - 1); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x1b;
+                       buffer_write(0x1b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x2a;
+                       buffer_write(0x2a);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (i %i)", bits_left - 1); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = bits_left - 2;
+               buffer_write(bits_left - 2);
                if (type != SCAN_IN)
-                       BUFFER_ADD = buffer[cur_byte];
+                       buffer_write(buffer[cur_byte]);
 
                if (type != SCAN_OUT)
                        thisrun_read += 2;
@@ -883,48 +1073,51 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
                if (type == SCAN_IO)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In and Out LSB First */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x3b;
+                       buffer_write(0x3b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (io) %i", bits_left - 1); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits Out on -ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x1b;
+                       buffer_write(0x1b);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (o)"); */
                }
                else if (type == SCAN_IN)
                {
                        /* Clock Data Bits In on +ve Clock Edge LSB First (no Write) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x2a;
+                       buffer_write(0x2a);
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TDI bits (i %i)", bits_left - 1); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x0;
-               BUFFER_ADD = last_bit;
+               buffer_write(0x0);
+               buffer_write(last_bit);
        }
        else
        {
+               int tms_bits  = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state());
+               int tms_count = tap_get_tms_path_len(tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state());
+               u8      mpsse_cmd;
+
                /* move from Shift-IR/DR to end state */
                if (type != SCAN_OUT)
                {
                        /* Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin with Read */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x6b;
+                       mpsse_cmd = 0x6b;
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (read)"); */
                }
                else
                {
                        /* Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read) */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
+                       mpsse_cmd = 0x4b;
                        /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
                }
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;
-               BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path( tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state() ) | (last_bit << 7);
-               tap_set_state( tap_get_end_state() );
+
+               clock_tms(mpsse_cmd, tms_bits, tms_count, last_bit);
        }
 
        if (type != SCAN_OUT)
                thisrun_read += 1;
 
-       if ( ( retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK )
+       if ((retval = ft2232_write(ft2232_buffer, ft2232_buffer_size, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't write MPSSE commands to FT2232");
                exit(-1);
@@ -934,7 +1127,7 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
 
        if (type != SCAN_OUT)
        {
-               if ( ( retval = ft2232_read(receive_pointer, thisrun_read, &bytes_read) ) != ERROR_OK )
+               if ((retval = ft2232_read(receive_pointer, thisrun_read, &bytes_read)) != ERROR_OK)
                {
                        LOG_ERROR("couldn't read from FT2232");
                        exit(-1);
@@ -947,34 +1140,36 @@ int ft2232_large_scan(scan_command_t* cmd, enum scan_type type, u8* buffer, int
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_predict_scan_out(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
+static int ft2232_predict_scan_out(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
 {
        int predicted_size = 3;
        int num_bytes = (scan_size - 1) / 8;
 
        if (tap_get_state() != TAP_DRSHIFT)
-               predicted_size += 3;
+               predicted_size += get_tms_buffer_requirements(tap_get_tms_path_len(tap_get_state(), TAP_DRSHIFT));
 
        if (type == SCAN_IN)    /* only from device to host */
        {
                /* complete bytes */
                predicted_size += CEIL(num_bytes, 65536) * 3;
+
                /* remaining bits - 1 (up to 7) */
-               predicted_size += ( (scan_size - 1) % 8 ) ? 2 : 0;
+               predicted_size += ((scan_size - 1) % 8) ? 2 : 0;
        }
        else                    /* host to device, or bidirectional */
        {
                /* complete bytes */
                predicted_size += num_bytes + CEIL(num_bytes, 65536) * 3;
+
                /* remaining bits -1 (up to 7) */
-               predicted_size += ( (scan_size - 1) % 8 ) ? 3 : 0;
+               predicted_size += ((scan_size - 1) % 8) ? 3 : 0;
        }
 
        return predicted_size;
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_predict_scan_in(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
+static int ft2232_predict_scan_in(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
 {
        int predicted_size = 0;
 
@@ -984,7 +1179,7 @@ int ft2232_predict_scan_in(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
                predicted_size += (CEIL(scan_size, 8) > 1) ? (CEIL(scan_size, 8) - 1) : 0;
 
                /* remaining bits - 1 */
-               predicted_size += ( (scan_size - 1) % 8 ) ? 1 : 0;
+               predicted_size += ((scan_size - 1) % 8) ? 1 : 0;
 
                /* last bit (from TMS scan) */
                predicted_size += 1;
@@ -996,8 +1191,9 @@ int ft2232_predict_scan_in(int scan_size, enum scan_type type)
 }
 
 
-void usbjtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void usbjtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (trst == 1)
        {
                if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
@@ -1029,14 +1225,15 @@ void usbjtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits low byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x80;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x80);
+       buffer_write(low_output);
+       buffer_write(low_direction);
 }
 
 
-void jtagkey_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void jtagkey_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (trst == 1)
        {
                if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
@@ -1068,16 +1265,17 @@ void jtagkey_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits high byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output,
                        high_direction);
 }
 
 
-void olimex_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void olimex_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (trst == 1)
        {
                if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
@@ -1103,15 +1301,15 @@ void olimex_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits high byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output,
                        high_direction);
 }
 
 
-void axm0432_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void axm0432_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
        if (trst == 1)
        {
@@ -1133,15 +1331,15 @@ void axm0432_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits low byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output,
                        high_direction);
 }
 
 
-void flyswatter_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void flyswatter_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
        if (trst == 1)
        {
@@ -1162,14 +1360,14 @@ void flyswatter_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits low byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x80;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x80);
+       buffer_write(low_output);
+       buffer_write(low_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, low_output: 0x%2.2x, low_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, low_output, low_direction);
 }
 
 
-void turtle_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void turtle_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
        trst = trst;
 
@@ -1183,14 +1381,14 @@ void turtle_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits low byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x80;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x80);
+       buffer_write(low_output);
+       buffer_write(low_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("srst: %i, low_output: 0x%2.2x, low_direction: 0x%2.2x", srst, low_output, low_direction);
 }
 
 
-void comstick_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void comstick_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
        if (trst == 1)
        {
@@ -1211,15 +1409,15 @@ void comstick_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits high byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output,
                        high_direction);
 }
 
 
-void stm32stick_reset(int trst, int srst)
+static void stm32stick_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
        if (trst == 1)
        {
@@ -1240,260 +1438,337 @@ void stm32stick_reset(int trst, int srst)
        }
 
        /* command "set data bits low byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x80;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = low_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x80);
+       buffer_write(low_output);
+       buffer_write(low_direction);
 
        /* command "set data bits high byte" */
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
        LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output,
                        high_direction);
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_execute_queue()
+
+static void sheevaplug_reset(int trst, int srst)
 {
-       jtag_command_t* cmd = jtag_command_queue;   /* currently processed command */
-       u8*             buffer;
-       int             scan_size;                  /* size of IR or DR scan */
-       enum scan_type  type;
-       int             i;
-       int             predicted_size = 0;
-       int             retval;
+       if (trst == 1)
+               high_output &= ~nTRST;
+       else if (trst == 0)
+               high_output |= nTRST;
 
-       first_unsent = cmd;         /* next command that has to be sent */
-       require_send = 0;
+       if (srst == 1)
+               high_output &= ~nSRSTnOE;
+       else if (srst == 0)
+               high_output |= nSRSTnOE;
 
-       /* return ERROR_OK, unless ft2232_send_and_recv reports a failed check
-        * that wasn't handled by a caller-provided error handler
-        */
-       retval = ERROR_OK;
+       /* command "set data bits high byte" */
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
+       LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, high_output: 0x%2.2x, high_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, high_output, high_direction);
+}
 
-       ft2232_buffer_size = 0;
-       ft2232_expect_read = 0;
+static int ft2232_execute_runtest(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int  retval;
+       int             i;
+       int predicted_size = 0;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
 
-       /* blink, if the current layout has that feature */
-       if (layout->blink)
-               layout->blink();
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("runtest %i cycles, end in %s",
+                       cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles,
+                       tap_state_name(cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state));
 
-       while (cmd)
+       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
+       predicted_size = 0;
+       if (tap_get_state() != TAP_IDLE)
+               predicted_size += 3;
+       predicted_size += 3 * CEIL(cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles, 7);
+       if (cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state != TAP_IDLE)
+               predicted_size += 3;
+       if (tap_get_end_state() != TAP_IDLE)
+               predicted_size += 3;
+       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
        {
-               switch (cmd->type)
-               {
-               case JTAG_END_STATE:
-                       if (cmd->cmd.end_state->end_state != -1)
-                               ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.end_state->end_state);
-                       break;
+               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd;
+       }
+       if (tap_get_state() != TAP_IDLE)
+       {
+               move_to_state(TAP_IDLE);
+               require_send = 1;
+       }
+       i = cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles;
+       while (i > 0)
+       {
+               /* there are no state transitions in this code, so omit state tracking */
 
-               case JTAG_RESET:
-                       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
-                       predicted_size = 3;
-                       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
-                       {
-                               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd;
-                       }
+               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
+               buffer_write(0x4b);
 
-                       if ( (cmd->cmd.reset->trst == 1) || ( cmd->cmd.reset->srst && (jtag_reset_config & RESET_SRST_PULLS_TRST) ) )
-                       {
-                               tap_set_state(TAP_RESET);
-                       }
-                       layout->reset(cmd->cmd.reset->trst, cmd->cmd.reset->srst);
-                       require_send = 1;
+               /* scan 7 bits */
+               buffer_write((i > 7) ? 6 : (i - 1));
 
+               /* TMS data bits */
+               buffer_write(0x0);
+               tap_set_state(TAP_IDLE);
+
+               i -= (i > 7) ? 7 : i;
+               /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
+       }
+
+       ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state);
+
+       if (tap_get_state() != tap_get_end_state())
+       {
+               move_to_state(tap_get_end_state());
+       }
+
+       require_send = 1;
 #ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i", cmd->cmd.reset->trst, cmd->cmd.reset->srst);
+       LOG_DEBUG("runtest: %i, end in %s", cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles, tap_state_name(tap_get_end_state()));
 #endif
-                       break;
 
-               case JTAG_RUNTEST:
-                       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
-                       predicted_size = 0;
-                       if (tap_get_state() != TAP_IDLE)
-                               predicted_size += 3;
-                       predicted_size += 3 * CEIL(cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles, 7);
-                       if ( (cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state != -1) && (cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state != TAP_IDLE) )
-                               predicted_size += 3;
-                       if ( (cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state == -1) && (tap_get_end_state() != TAP_IDLE) )
-                               predicted_size += 3;
-                       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
-                       {
-                               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd;
-                       }
-                       if (tap_get_state() != TAP_IDLE)
-                       {
-                               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;    /* scan 7 bits */
-
-                               /* TMS data bits */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path(tap_get_state(), TAP_IDLE);
-                               tap_set_state(TAP_IDLE);
-                               require_send = 1;
-                       }
-                       i = cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles;
-                       while (i > 0)
-                       {
-                               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
+       return retval;
+}
 
-                               /* scan 7 bits */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = (i > 7) ? 6 : (i - 1);
 
-                               /* TMS data bits */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x0;
-                               tap_set_state(TAP_IDLE);
-                               i -= (i > 7) ? 7 : i;
-                               /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
-                       }
+static int ft2232_execute_statemove(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int     predicted_size = 0;
+       int     retval = ERROR_OK;
 
-                       if (cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state != -1)
-                               ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.runtest->end_state);
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("statemove end in %i", cmd->cmd.statemove->end_state);
 
-                       if ( tap_get_state() != tap_get_end_state() )
-                       {
-                               /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
-                               /* scan 7 bit */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;
-                               /* TMS data bits */
-                               BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path( tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state() );
-                               tap_set_state( tap_get_end_state() );
-                               /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
-                       }
-                       require_send = 1;
-#ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "runtest: %i, end in %s", cmd->cmd.runtest->num_cycles, tap_state_name( tap_get_end_state() ) );
-#endif
-                       break;
+       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
+       predicted_size = 3;
+       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
+       {
+               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd;
+       }
+       ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.statemove->end_state);
 
-               case JTAG_STATEMOVE:
-                       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
-                       predicted_size = 3;
-                       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
-                       {
-                               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd;
-                       }
-                       if (cmd->cmd.statemove->end_state != -1)
-                               ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.statemove->end_state);
+       /* move to end state */
+       if (tap_get_state() != tap_get_end_state())
+       {
+               move_to_state(tap_get_end_state());
+               require_send = 1;
+       }
 
-                       /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
+       return retval;
+}
 
-                       BUFFER_ADD = 0x6;       /* scan 7 bits */
+static int ft2232_execute_pathmove(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int     predicted_size = 0;
+       int     retval = ERROR_OK;
 
-                       /* TMS data bits */
-                       BUFFER_ADD = tap_get_tms_path( tap_get_state(), tap_get_end_state() );
-                       /* LOG_DEBUG("added TMS scan (no read)"); */
-                       tap_set_state( tap_get_end_state() );
-                       require_send = 1;
-#ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "statemove: %s", tap_state_name( tap_get_end_state() ) );
-#endif
-                       break;
+       tap_state_t*     path = cmd->cmd.pathmove->path;
+       int     num_states    = cmd->cmd.pathmove->num_states;
 
-               case JTAG_PATHMOVE:
-                       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
-                       predicted_size = 3 * CEIL(cmd->cmd.pathmove->num_states, 7);
-                       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
-                       {
-                               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd;
-                       }
-                       ft2232_add_pathmove(cmd->cmd.pathmove);
-                       require_send = 1;
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("pathmove: %i states, current: %s  end: %s", num_states,
+                       tap_state_name(tap_get_state()),
+                       tap_state_name(path[num_states-1])
+                       );
+
+       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
+       predicted_size = 3 * CEIL(num_states, 7);
+       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
+       {
+               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd;
+       }
+
+       ft2232_add_pathmove(path, num_states);
+       require_send = 1;
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+
+static int ft2232_execute_scan(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       u8*             buffer;
+       int             scan_size;                  /* size of IR or DR scan */
+       int             predicted_size = 0;
+       int                             retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       enum scan_type  type = jtag_scan_type(cmd->cmd.scan);
+
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("%s type:%d", cmd->cmd.scan->ir_scan ? "IRSCAN" : "DRSCAN", type);
+
+       scan_size = jtag_build_buffer(cmd->cmd.scan, &buffer);
+
+       predicted_size = ft2232_predict_scan_out(scan_size, type);
+       if ((predicted_size + 1) > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
+       {
+               LOG_DEBUG("oversized ft2232 scan (predicted_size > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)");
+               /* unsent commands before this */
+               if (first_unsent != cmd)
+                       if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                               retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+
+               /* current command */
+               ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.scan->end_state);
+               ft2232_large_scan(cmd->cmd.scan, type, buffer, scan_size);
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd->next;
+               if (buffer)
+                       free(buffer);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       else if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
+       {
+               LOG_DEBUG("ft2232 buffer size reached, sending queued commands (first_unsent: %p, cmd: %p)",
+                               first_unsent,
+                               cmd);
+               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd;
+       }
+       ft2232_expect_read += ft2232_predict_scan_in(scan_size, type);
+       /* LOG_DEBUG("new read size: %i", ft2232_expect_read); */
+       ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.scan->end_state);
+       ft2232_add_scan(cmd->cmd.scan->ir_scan, type, buffer, scan_size);
+       require_send = 1;
+       if (buffer)
+               free(buffer);
 #ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "pathmove: %i states, end in %s", cmd->cmd.pathmove->num_states,
-                                       tap_state_name(cmd->cmd.pathmove->path[cmd->cmd.pathmove->num_states - 1]) );
+       LOG_DEBUG("%s scan, %i bits, end in %s", (cmd->cmd.scan->ir_scan) ? "IR" : "DR", scan_size,
+                       tap_state_name(tap_get_end_state()));
 #endif
-                       break;
+       return retval;
+
+}
+
+static int ft2232_execute_reset(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int             retval;
+       int             predicted_size = 0;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("reset trst: %i srst %i",
+                       cmd->cmd.reset->trst, cmd->cmd.reset->srst);
+
+       /* only send the maximum buffer size that FT2232C can handle */
+       predicted_size = 3;
+       if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
+       {
+               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+               require_send = 0;
+               first_unsent = cmd;
+       }
+
+       layout->reset(cmd->cmd.reset->trst, cmd->cmd.reset->srst);
+       require_send = 1;
 
-               case JTAG_SCAN:
-                       scan_size = jtag_build_buffer(cmd->cmd.scan, &buffer);
-                       type = jtag_scan_type(cmd->cmd.scan);
-                       predicted_size = ft2232_predict_scan_out(scan_size, type);
-                       if ( (predicted_size + 1) > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE )
-                       {
-                               LOG_DEBUG("oversized ft2232 scan (predicted_size > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)");
-                               /* unsent commands before this */
-                               if (first_unsent != cmd)
-                                       if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                               retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-
-                               /* current command */
-                               if (cmd->cmd.scan->end_state != -1)
-                                       ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.scan->end_state);
-                               ft2232_large_scan(cmd->cmd.scan, type, buffer, scan_size);
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd->next;
-                               if (buffer)
-                                       free(buffer);
-                               break;
-                       }
-                       else if (ft2232_buffer_size + predicted_size + 1 > FT2232_BUFFER_SIZE)
-                       {
-                               LOG_DEBUG("ft2232 buffer size reached, sending queued commands (first_unsent: %p, cmd: %p)",
-                                               first_unsent,
-                                               cmd);
-                               if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                               require_send = 0;
-                               first_unsent = cmd;
-                       }
-                       ft2232_expect_read += ft2232_predict_scan_in(scan_size, type);
-                       /* LOG_DEBUG("new read size: %i", ft2232_expect_read); */
-                       if (cmd->cmd.scan->end_state != -1)
-                               ft2232_end_state(cmd->cmd.scan->end_state);
-                       ft2232_add_scan(cmd->cmd.scan->ir_scan, type, buffer, scan_size);
-                       require_send = 1;
-                       if (buffer)
-                               free(buffer);
 #ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "%s scan, %i bits, end in %s", (cmd->cmd.scan->ir_scan) ? "IR" : "DR", scan_size,
-                                       tap_state_name( tap_get_end_state() ) );
+       LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i", cmd->cmd.reset->trst, cmd->cmd.reset->srst);
 #endif
-                       break;
+       return retval;
+}
 
-               case JTAG_SLEEP:
-                       if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+static int ft2232_execute_sleep(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int             retval;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       DEBUG_JTAG_IO("sleep %i", cmd->cmd.sleep->us);
+
+       if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
                                retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
-                       first_unsent = cmd->next;
-                       jtag_sleep(cmd->cmd.sleep->us);
+       first_unsent = cmd->next;
+       jtag_sleep(cmd->cmd.sleep->us);
 #ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "sleep %i usec while in %s", cmd->cmd.sleep->us, tap_state_name( tap_get_state() ) );
+                       LOG_DEBUG("sleep %i usec while in %s", cmd->cmd.sleep->us, tap_state_name(tap_get_state()));
 #endif
-                       break;
 
-               case JTAG_STABLECLOCKS:
+       return retval;
+}
 
-                       /* this is only allowed while in a stable state.  A check for a stable
-                        * state was done in jtag_add_clocks()
-                        */
-                       if (ft2232_stableclocks(cmd->cmd.stableclocks->num_cycles, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
-                               retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+static int ft2232_execute_stableclocks(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int             retval;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       /* this is only allowed while in a stable state.  A check for a stable
+        * state was done in jtag_add_clocks()
+        */
+       if (ft2232_stableclocks(cmd->cmd.stableclocks->num_cycles, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+               retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
 #ifdef _DEBUG_JTAG_IO_
-                       LOG_DEBUG( "clocks %i while in %s", cmd->cmd.stableclocks->num_cycles, tap_state_name( tap_get_state() ) );
+       LOG_DEBUG("clocks %i while in %s", cmd->cmd.stableclocks->num_cycles, tap_state_name(tap_get_state()));
 #endif
-                       break;
 
-               default:
-                       LOG_ERROR("BUG: unknown JTAG command type encountered");
-                       exit(-1);
-               }
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int ft2232_execute_command(jtag_command_t *cmd)
+{
+       int             retval;
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       switch (cmd->type)
+       {
+       case JTAG_RESET:        retval = ft2232_execute_reset(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_RUNTEST:      retval = ft2232_execute_runtest(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_STATEMOVE: retval = ft2232_execute_statemove(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_PATHMOVE:     retval = ft2232_execute_pathmove(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_SCAN:         retval = ft2232_execute_scan(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_SLEEP:        retval = ft2232_execute_sleep(cmd); break;
+       case JTAG_STABLECLOCKS: retval = ft2232_execute_stableclocks(cmd); break;
+       default:
+               LOG_ERROR("BUG: unknown JTAG command type encountered");
+               exit(-1);
+       }
+       return retval;
+}
 
+static int ft2232_execute_queue()
+{
+       jtag_command_t* cmd = jtag_command_queue;   /* currently processed command */
+       int             retval;
+
+       first_unsent = cmd;         /* next command that has to be sent */
+       require_send = 0;
+
+       /* return ERROR_OK, unless ft2232_send_and_recv reports a failed check
+        * that wasn't handled by a caller-provided error handler
+        */
+       retval = ERROR_OK;
+
+       ft2232_buffer_size = 0;
+       ft2232_expect_read = 0;
+
+       /* blink, if the current layout has that feature */
+       if (layout->blink)
+               layout->blink();
+
+       while (cmd)
+       {
+               if (ft2232_execute_command(cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                       retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+               /* Start reading input before FT2232 TX buffer fills up */
                cmd = cmd->next;
+               if (ft2232_expect_read > 256)
+               {
+                       if (ft2232_send_and_recv(first_unsent, cmd) != ERROR_OK)
+                               retval = ERROR_JTAG_QUEUE_FAILED;
+                       first_unsent = cmd;
+               }
        }
 
        if (require_send > 0)
@@ -1507,16 +1782,19 @@ int ft2232_execute_queue()
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
 static int ft2232_init_ftd2xx(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
 {
-       FT_STATUS status;
-       DWORD     openex_flags  = 0;
-       char*     openex_string = NULL;
-       u8        latency_timer;
+       FT_STATUS       status;
+       DWORD           deviceID;
+       char            SerialNumber[16];
+       char            Description[64];
+       DWORD   openex_flags  = 0;
+       char*   openex_string = NULL;
+       u8      latency_timer;
 
        LOG_DEBUG("'ft2232' interface using FTD2XX with '%s' layout (%4.4x:%4.4x)", ft2232_layout, vid, pid);
 
 #if IS_WIN32 == 0
        /* Add non-standard Vid/Pid to the linux driver */
-       if ( ( status = FT_SetVIDPID(vid, pid) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_SetVIDPID(vid, pid)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_WARNING("couldn't add %4.4x:%4.4x", vid, pid);
        }
@@ -1546,7 +1824,28 @@ static int ft2232_init_ftd2xx(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_OpenEx(openex_string, openex_flags, &ftdih) ) != FT_OK )
+       status = FT_OpenEx(openex_string, openex_flags, &ftdih);
+       if (status != FT_OK) {
+               // under Win32, the FTD2XX driver appends an "A" to the end
+               // of the description, if we tried by the desc, then
+               // try by the alternate "A" description.
+               if (openex_string == ft2232_device_desc) {
+                       // Try the alternate method.
+                       openex_string = ft2232_device_desc_A;
+                       status = FT_OpenEx(openex_string, openex_flags, &ftdih);
+                       if (status == FT_OK) {
+                               // yea, the "alternate" method worked!
+                       } else {
+                               // drat, give the user a meaningfull message.
+                               // telling the use we tried *BOTH* methods.
+                               LOG_WARNING("Unable to open FTDI Device tried: '%s' and '%s'\n",
+                                                       ft2232_device_desc,
+                                                       ft2232_device_desc_A);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (status != FT_OK)
        {
                DWORD num_devices;
 
@@ -1560,8 +1859,8 @@ static int ft2232_init_ftd2xx(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
                status = FT_ListDevices(&num_devices, NULL, FT_LIST_NUMBER_ONLY);
                if (status == FT_OK)
                {
-                       char** desc_array = malloc( sizeof(char*) * (num_devices + 1) );
-                       int    i;
+                       char** desc_array = malloc(sizeof(char*) * (num_devices + 1));
+                       u32 i;
 
                        for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
                                desc_array[i] = malloc(64);
@@ -1589,13 +1888,13 @@ static int ft2232_init_ftd2xx(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_SetLatencyTimer(ftdih, ft2232_latency) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_SetLatencyTimer(ftdih, ft2232_latency)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("unable to set latency timer: %lu", status);
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_GetLatencyTimer(ftdih, &latency_timer) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_GetLatencyTimer(ftdih, &latency_timer)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("unable to get latency timer: %lu", status);
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1605,18 +1904,39 @@ static int ft2232_init_ftd2xx(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
                LOG_DEBUG("current latency timer: %i", latency_timer);
        }
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_SetTimeouts(ftdih, 5000, 5000) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_SetTimeouts(ftdih, 5000, 5000)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("unable to set timeouts: %lu", status);
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_SetBitMode(ftdih, 0x0b, 2) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_SetBitMode(ftdih, 0x0b, 2)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("unable to enable bit i/o mode: %lu", status);
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
+       if ((status = FT_GetDeviceInfo(ftdih, &ftdi_device, &deviceID, SerialNumber, Description, NULL)) != FT_OK)
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("unable to get FT_GetDeviceInfo: %lu", status);
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               LOG_INFO("device: %lu", ftdi_device);
+               LOG_INFO("deviceID: %lu", deviceID);
+               LOG_INFO("SerialNumber: %s", SerialNumber);
+               LOG_INFO("Description: %s", Description);
+
+#ifdef BUILD_FTD2XX_HIGHSPEED
+               if (ft2232_device_is_highspeed())
+               {
+                       ft2232_max_tck = FTDI_2232H_4232H_MAX_TCK;
+                       LOG_INFO("max TCK change to: %u kHz", ft2232_max_tck);
+               }
+#endif
+       }
+
        return ERROR_OK;
 }
 
@@ -1625,7 +1945,7 @@ static int ft2232_purge_ftd2xx(void)
 {
        FT_STATUS status;
 
-       if ( ( status = FT_Purge(ftdih, FT_PURGE_RX | FT_PURGE_TX) ) != FT_OK )
+       if ((status = FT_Purge(ftdih, FT_PURGE_RX | FT_PURGE_TX)) != FT_OK)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("error purging ftd2xx device: %lu", status);
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1648,6 +1968,12 @@ static int ft2232_init_libftdi(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
        if (ftdi_init(&ftdic) < 0)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
 
+       if (ftdi_set_interface(&ftdic, INTERFACE_A) < 0)
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("unable to select FT2232 channel A: %s", ftdic.error_str);
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
        /* context, vendor id, product id */
        if (ftdi_usb_open_desc(&ftdic, vid, pid, ft2232_device_desc,
                                ft2232_serial) < 0)
@@ -1661,12 +1987,7 @@ static int ft2232_init_libftdi(u16 vid, u16 pid, int more, int* try_more)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
-       if (ftdi_set_interface(&ftdic, INTERFACE_A) < 0)
-       {
-               LOG_ERROR("unable to select FT2232 channel A: %s", ftdic.error_str);
-               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
-       }
-
+       /* There is already a reset in ftdi_usb_open_desc, this should be redundant */
        if (ftdi_usb_reset(&ftdic) < 0)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("unable to reset ftdi device");
@@ -1709,15 +2030,24 @@ static int ft2232_purge_libftdi(void)
 
 #endif /* BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI == 1 */
 
-int ft2232_init(void)
+static int ft2232_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[1];
        int retval;
        u32 bytes_written;
-       ft2232_layout_t* cur_layout = ft2232_layouts;
+       const ft2232_layout_t* cur_layout = ft2232_layouts;
        int i;
 
-       if ( (ft2232_layout == NULL) || (ft2232_layout[0] == 0) )
+       if (tap_get_tms_path_len(TAP_IRPAUSE,TAP_IRPAUSE)==7)
+       {
+               LOG_DEBUG("ft2232 interface using 7 step jtag state transitions");
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               LOG_DEBUG("ft2232 interface using shortest path jtag state transitions");
+
+       }
+       if ((ft2232_layout == NULL) || (ft2232_layout[0] == 0))
        {
                ft2232_layout = "usbjtag";
                LOG_WARNING("No ft2232 layout specified, using default 'usbjtag'");
@@ -1772,10 +2102,10 @@ int ft2232_init(void)
        if (layout->init() != ERROR_OK)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
 
-       ft2232_speed(jtag_speed);
+       ft2232_speed(jtag_get_speed());
 
        buf[0] = 0x85; /* Disconnect TDI/DO to TDO/DI for Loopback */
-       if ( ( ( retval = ft2232_write(buf, 1, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 1) )
+       if (((retval = ft2232_write(buf, 1, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 1))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't write to FT2232 to disable loopback");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1791,7 +2121,7 @@ int ft2232_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int usbjtag_init(void)
+static int usbjtag_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -1828,6 +2158,7 @@ int usbjtag_init(void)
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
        {
                low_direction &= ~nTRSTnOE; /* nTRST input */
@@ -1856,7 +2187,7 @@ int usbjtag_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'USBJTAG' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1866,7 +2197,7 @@ int usbjtag_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
+static int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -1880,7 +2211,7 @@ int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'JTAGkey' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1902,6 +2233,7 @@ int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
        high_output    = 0x0;
        high_direction = 0x0c;
 
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
        {
                LOG_ERROR("can't set nTRSTOE to push-pull on the Dicarlo jtag");
@@ -1926,7 +2258,7 @@ int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;    /* all outputs (xRST and xRSTnOE) */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'Dicarlo' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1936,7 +2268,7 @@ int axm0432_jtag_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int jtagkey_init(void)
+static int jtagkey_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -1950,7 +2282,7 @@ int jtagkey_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'JTAGkey' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -1963,8 +2295,8 @@ int jtagkey_init(void)
                nSRST    = 0x02;
                nSRSTnOE = 0x08;
        }
-       else if ( (strcmp(layout->name, "jtagkey_prototype_v1") == 0)
-                        || (strcmp(layout->name, "oocdlink") == 0) )
+       else if ((strcmp(layout->name, "jtagkey_prototype_v1") == 0)
+                        || (strcmp(layout->name, "oocdlink") == 0))
        {
                nTRST    = 0x02;
                nTRSTnOE = 0x1;
@@ -1980,6 +2312,7 @@ int jtagkey_init(void)
        high_output    = 0x0;
        high_direction = 0x0f;
 
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
        {
                high_output |= nTRSTnOE;
@@ -2008,7 +2341,7 @@ int jtagkey_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;    /* all outputs (xRST and xRSTnOE) */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'JTAGkey' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2018,7 +2351,7 @@ int jtagkey_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int olimex_jtag_init(void)
+static int olimex_jtag_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -2032,9 +2365,9 @@ int olimex_jtag_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
-               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'JTAGkey' layout");
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'Olimex' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
@@ -2046,6 +2379,7 @@ int olimex_jtag_init(void)
        high_output    = 0x0;
        high_direction = 0x0f;
 
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
        if (jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN)
        {
                high_output |= nTRSTnOE;
@@ -2075,9 +2409,9 @@ int olimex_jtag_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;    /* all outputs (xRST and xRSTnOE) */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if ((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
-               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'JTAGkey' layout");
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'Olimex' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
        }
 
@@ -2085,7 +2419,7 @@ int olimex_jtag_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int flyswatter_init(void)
+static int flyswatter_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -2099,7 +2433,7 @@ int flyswatter_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE[12]=out, n[ST]srst=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'flyswatter' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2113,7 +2447,7 @@ int flyswatter_init(void)
        high_output    = 0x00;
        high_direction = 0x0c;
 
-       /* turn red LED1 on, LED2 off */
+       /* turn red LED3 on, LED2 off */
        high_output |= 0x08;
 
        /* initialize high port */
@@ -2122,7 +2456,7 @@ int flyswatter_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;    /* all outputs (xRST and xRSTnOE) */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'flyswatter' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2132,7 +2466,7 @@ int flyswatter_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int turtle_init(void)
+static int turtle_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -2146,7 +2480,7 @@ int turtle_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'turtelizer2' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2163,7 +2497,7 @@ int turtle_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'turtelizer2' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2173,7 +2507,7 @@ int turtle_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int comstick_init(void)
+static int comstick_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -2187,7 +2521,7 @@ int comstick_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'comstick' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2207,7 +2541,7 @@ int comstick_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'comstick' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2217,7 +2551,7 @@ int comstick_init(void)
 }
 
 
-int stm32stick_init(void)
+static int stm32stick_init(void)
 {
        u8  buf[3];
        u32 bytes_written;
@@ -2231,7 +2565,7 @@ int stm32stick_init(void)
        buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'stm32stick' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2251,7 +2585,7 @@ int stm32stick_init(void)
        buf[2] = high_direction;
        LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
 
-       if ( ( ( ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written) ) != ERROR_OK ) || (bytes_written != 3) )
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
        {
                LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'stm32stick' layout");
                return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
@@ -2261,7 +2595,101 @@ int stm32stick_init(void)
 }
 
 
-void olimex_jtag_blink(void)
+static int sheevaplug_init(void)
+{
+       u8 buf[3];
+       u32 bytes_written;
+
+       low_output = 0x08;
+       low_direction = 0x1b;
+
+       /* initialize low byte for jtag */
+       buf[0] = 0x80; /* command "set data bits low byte" */
+       buf[1] = low_output; /* value (TMS=1,TCK=0, TDI=0, nOE=0) */
+       buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in */
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'sheevaplug' layout");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       nTRSTnOE = 0x1;
+       nTRST = 0x02;
+       nSRSTnOE = 0x4;
+       nSRST = 0x08;
+
+       high_output = 0x0;
+       high_direction = 0x0f;
+
+       /* nTRST is always push-pull */
+       high_output &= ~nTRSTnOE;
+       high_output |= nTRST;
+
+       /* nSRST is always open-drain */
+       high_output |= nSRSTnOE;
+       high_output &= ~nSRST;
+
+       /* initialize high port */
+       buf[0] = 0x82; /* command "set data bits high byte" */
+       buf[1] = high_output; /* value */
+       buf[2] = high_direction;   /* all outputs - xRST */
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'sheevaplug' layout");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       return ERROR_OK;
+}
+
+static int cortino_jtag_init(void)
+{
+       u8  buf[3];
+       u32 bytes_written;
+
+       low_output    = 0x08;
+       low_direction = 0x1b;
+
+       /* initialize low byte for jtag */
+       buf[0] = 0x80;          /* command "set data bits low byte" */
+       buf[1] = low_output;    /* value (TMS=1,TCK=0, TDI=0, nOE=0) */
+       buf[2] = low_direction; /* dir (output=1), TCK/TDI/TMS=out, TDO=in, nOE=out */
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'cortino' layout");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       nTRST    = 0x01;
+       nTRSTnOE = 0x00;    /* no output enable for nTRST */
+       nSRST    = 0x02;
+       nSRSTnOE = 0x00;    /* no output enable for nSRST */
+
+       high_output    = 0x03;
+       high_direction = 0x03;
+
+       /* initialize high port */
+       buf[0] = 0x82; /* command "set data bits high byte" */
+       buf[1] = high_output;
+       buf[2] = high_direction;
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3))
+       {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'stm32stick' layout");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       return ERROR_OK;
+}
+
+static void olimex_jtag_blink(void)
 {
        /* Olimex ARM-USB-OCD has a LED connected to ACBUS3
         * ACBUS3 is bit 3 of the GPIOH port
@@ -2277,13 +2705,26 @@ void olimex_jtag_blink(void)
                high_output |= 0x08;
        }
 
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
+}
+
+
+static void flyswatter_jtag_blink(void)
+{
+       /*
+        * Flyswatter has two LEDs connected to ACBUS2 and ACBUS3
+        */
+       high_output ^= 0x0c;
+
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
 }
 
 
-void turtle_jtag_blink(void)
+static void turtle_jtag_blink(void)
 {
        /*
         * Turtelizer2 has two LEDs connected to ACBUS2 and ACBUS3
@@ -2297,21 +2738,19 @@ void turtle_jtag_blink(void)
                high_output = 0x08;
        }
 
-       BUFFER_ADD = 0x82;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_output;
-       BUFFER_ADD = high_direction;
+       buffer_write(0x82);
+       buffer_write(high_output);
+       buffer_write(high_direction);
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_quit(void)
+static int ft2232_quit(void)
 {
 #if BUILD_FT2232_FTD2XX == 1
        FT_STATUS status;
 
        status = FT_Close(ftdih);
 #elif BUILD_FT2232_LIBFTDI == 1
-       ftdi_disable_bitbang(&ftdic);
-
        ftdi_usb_close(&ftdic);
 
        ftdi_deinit(&ftdic);
@@ -2324,11 +2763,31 @@ int ft2232_quit(void)
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_handle_device_desc_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
+static int ft2232_handle_device_desc_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
 {
+       char *cp;
+       char buf[200];
        if (argc == 1)
        {
                ft2232_device_desc = strdup(args[0]);
+               cp = strchr(ft2232_device_desc, 0);
+               // under Win32, the FTD2XX driver appends an "A" to the end
+               // of the description, this examines the given desc
+               // and creates the 'missing' _A or non_A variable.
+               if ((cp[-1] == 'A') && (cp[-2]==' ')) {
+                       // it was, so make this the "A" version.
+                       ft2232_device_desc_A = ft2232_device_desc;
+                       // and *CREATE* the non-A version.
+                       strcpy(buf, ft2232_device_desc);
+                       cp = strchr(buf, 0);
+                       cp[-2] = 0;
+                       ft2232_device_desc =  strdup(buf);
+               } else {
+                       // <space>A not defined
+                       // so create it
+                       sprintf(buf, "%s A", ft2232_device_desc);
+                       ft2232_device_desc_A = strdup(buf);
+               }
        }
        else
        {
@@ -2339,7 +2798,7 @@ int ft2232_handle_device_desc_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* c
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_handle_serial_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
+static int ft2232_handle_serial_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
 {
        if (argc == 1)
        {
@@ -2354,7 +2813,7 @@ int ft2232_handle_serial_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, c
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_handle_layout_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
+static int ft2232_handle_layout_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
 {
        if (argc == 0)
                return ERROR_OK;
@@ -2366,7 +2825,7 @@ int ft2232_handle_layout_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, c
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
+static int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
 {
        int i;
 
@@ -2376,7 +2835,7 @@ int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd,
                                        "(maximum is %d pairs)", MAX_USB_IDS);
                argc = MAX_USB_IDS * 2;
        }
-       if ( argc < 2 || (argc & 1) )
+       if (argc < 2 || (argc & 1))
        {
                LOG_WARNING("incomplete ft2232_vid_pid configuration directive");
                if (argc < 2)
@@ -2399,7 +2858,7 @@ int ft2232_handle_vid_pid_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd,
 }
 
 
-int ft2232_handle_latency_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
+static int ft2232_handle_latency_command(struct command_context_s* cmd_ctx, char* cmd, char** args, int argc)
 {
        if (argc == 1)
        {
@@ -2437,14 +2896,16 @@ static int ft2232_stableclocks(int num_cycles, jtag_command_t* cmd)
                        first_unsent = cmd;
                }
 
+               /* there are no state transitions in this code, so omit state tracking */
+
                /* command "Clock Data to TMS/CS Pin (no Read)" */
-               BUFFER_ADD = 0x4b;
+               buffer_write(0x4b);
 
                /* scan 7 bit */
-               BUFFER_ADD = bitcount_per_command - 1;
+               buffer_write(bitcount_per_command - 1);
 
                /* TMS data bits are either all zeros or ones to stay in the current stable state */
-               BUFFER_ADD = tms;
+               buffer_write(tms);
 
                require_send = 1;
 
@@ -2453,3 +2914,109 @@ static int ft2232_stableclocks(int num_cycles, jtag_command_t* cmd)
 
        return retval;
 }
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Support for IceBear JTAG adapter from Section5:
+ *     http://section5.ch/icebear
+ *
+ * Author: Sten, debian@sansys-electronic.com
+ */
+
+/* Icebear pin layout
+ *
+ * ADBUS5 (nEMU) nSRST | 2   1|        GND (10k->VCC)
+ * GND GND             | 4   3|        n.c.
+ * ADBUS3 TMS          | 6   5|        ADBUS6 VCC
+ * ADBUS0 TCK          | 8   7|        ADBUS7 (GND)
+ * ADBUS4 nTRST                |10   9|        ACBUS0 (GND)
+ * ADBUS1 TDI          |12  11|        ACBUS1 (GND)
+ * ADBUS2 TDO          |14  13|        GND GND
+ *
+ * ADBUS0 O L TCK              ACBUS0 GND
+ * ADBUS1 O L TDI              ACBUS1 GND
+ * ADBUS2 I   TDO              ACBUS2 n.c.
+ * ADBUS3 O H TMS              ACBUS3 n.c.
+ * ADBUS4 O H nTRST
+ * ADBUS5 O H nSRST
+ * ADBUS6 -   VCC
+ * ADBUS7 -   GND
+ */
+static int icebear_jtag_init(void) {
+       u8  buf[3];
+       u32 bytes_written;
+
+       low_direction   = 0x0b; /* output: TCK TDI TMS; input: TDO */
+       low_output      = 0x08; /* high: TMS; low: TCK TDI */
+       nTRST           = 0x10;
+       nSRST           = 0x20;
+
+       enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
+       if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN) != 0) {
+               low_direction   &= ~nTRST;      /* nTRST high impedance */
+       }
+       else {
+               low_direction   |= nTRST;
+               low_output      |= nTRST;
+       }
+
+       low_direction   |= nSRST;
+       low_output      |= nSRST;
+
+       /* initialize low byte for jtag */
+       buf[0] = 0x80;          /* command "set data bits low byte" */
+       buf[1] = low_output;
+       buf[2] = low_direction;
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'IceBear' layout (low)");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       high_output    = 0x0;
+       high_direction = 0x00;
+
+
+       /* initialize high port */
+       buf[0] = 0x82;              /* command "set data bits high byte" */
+       buf[1] = high_output;       /* value */
+       buf[2] = high_direction;    /* all outputs (xRST and xRSTnOE) */
+       LOG_DEBUG("%2.2x %2.2x %2.2x", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
+
+       if (((ft2232_write(buf, 3, &bytes_written)) != ERROR_OK) || (bytes_written != 3)) {
+               LOG_ERROR("couldn't initialize FT2232 with 'IceBear' layout (high)");
+               return ERROR_JTAG_INIT_FAILED;
+       }
+
+       return ERROR_OK;
+}
+
+static void icebear_jtag_reset(int trst, int srst) {
+
+       if (trst == 1) {
+               low_direction   |= nTRST;
+               low_output      &= ~nTRST;
+       }
+       else if (trst == 0) {
+               enum reset_types jtag_reset_config = jtag_get_reset_config();
+               if ((jtag_reset_config & RESET_TRST_OPEN_DRAIN) != 0)
+                       low_direction   &= ~nTRST;
+               else
+                       low_output      |= nTRST;
+       }
+
+       if (srst == 1) {
+               low_output &= ~nSRST;
+       }
+       else if (srst == 0) {
+               low_output |= nSRST;
+       }
+
+       /* command "set data bits low byte" */
+       buffer_write(0x80);
+       buffer_write(low_output);
+       buffer_write(low_direction);
+
+       LOG_DEBUG("trst: %i, srst: %i, low_output: 0x%2.2x, low_direction: 0x%2.2x", trst, srst, low_output, low_direction);
+}