pdftitle={SDCC Compiler User Guide},
pdfauthor={SDCC development team},
pdfsubject={installation, user manual},
- pdfkeywords={68hc08 8032 8051 ansi c compiler assembler CPU DS390 embedded development free Floating Point Arithmetic Freescale GPL HC08 inline Intel ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Linux MAC OS X manual Maxim mcs51 Microchip microcontroller open source PIC Unix Windows Z80 Zilog},
+ pdfkeywords={68hc08 8032 8051 ansi c compiler assembler CPU DS390 embedded development free Floating Point Arithmetic Freescale GPL HC08 inline Intel ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Linux MAC OS X manual Maxim mcs51 Microchip microcontroller open source PIC Unix Windows Z80 Zilog},
pdfpagemode=UseOutlines,
colorlinks=true,
linkcolor=blue] {hyperref}
\size normal
-SDCC 2.6.1
+SDCC 2.6.4
\size footnotesize
\newline
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_inset
+
+-datarootdir see table below
+\newline
+
+\layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
docdir environment variable, see table below
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
include_dir_suffix environment variable, see table below
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
lib_dir_suffix environment variable, see table below
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
sdccconf_h_dir_separator environment variable, either / or
\backslash
makes sense here.
This character will only be used in sdccconf.h; don't forget it's a C-header,
therefore a double-backslash is needed there.
+\newline
+
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
\end_inset
-disable-packihx Disables building packihx
+\newline
+
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
\align center
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="3">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="9" columns="3">
<features>
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0in">
<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0in">
\emph on
-$EXECPREFIX
+$EXEC_PREFIX
\emph default
/bin
\end_inset
\emph on
-$EXECPREFIX
+$EXEC_PREFIX
\emph default
\backslash
\layout Standard
+\emph on
+$DATAROOTDIR
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\emph on
+$DATAROOTDIR
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\emph on
+DATAROOTDIR
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
\emph on
$PREFIX
\emph default
\emph on
-$DATADIR
+$DATAROOTDIR
\emph default
/sdcc/doc
\end_inset
\emph on
-$DATADIR
+$DATAROOTDIR
\emph default
\backslash
/
\end_inset
--datadir=
+-datarootdir=
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
/
\end_inset
--datadir=
+-datarootdir=
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
-/sdcc/doc
+
+\backslash
+${datarootdir}/doc
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
/
\end_inset
--datadir=
+-datarootdir=
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
-/sdcc/doc
+
+\backslash
+${datarootdir}/doc
\begin_inset Quotes srd
\end_inset
\end_inset
- is a modified version of the GNU preprocessor.
+ is a modified version of the GNU cpp
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{cpp|see{sdcpp}}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ preprocessor
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://gcc.gnu.org/}
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
The C preprocessor is used to pull in #include sources, process #ifdef
statements, #defines and so on.
\layout Subsection
file
\layout Standard
-The Intel Hex file
+In most cases this won't be needed but the Intel Hex file
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{<file>.ihx}
\end_inset
\end_inset
package additionally allows to set undefined locations to a predefined
- value, to insert checksums of various flavours (crc, add, xor) and to perform
- other manipulations (convert, split, crop, offset, ...).
+ value, to insert checksums
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{checksum}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ of various flavours (crc, add, xor) and to perform other manipulations
+ (convert, split, crop, offset, ...).
\newline
\SpecialChar ~
sourcefile.ihx -intel\SpecialChar ~
\SpecialChar ~
+-o sourcefile.hex -intel
+\newline
+
+\newline
+
+\family default
+\series default
+An example for a more complex command line
+\begin_inset Foot
+collapsed false
+
+\layout Standard
+
+the command backfills
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{backfill unused memory}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ unused memory with 0x12 and the overall 16 bit sum of the complete 64 kByte
+ block is zero.
+ If the program counter on an mcs51 runs wild the backfill pattern 0x12
+ will be interpreted as an
+\family typewriter
+lcall
+\family default
+ to address
+\family typewriter
+0x1212
+\family default
+ (where an emergency routine could sit).
+\end_inset
+
+ could look like:
+\newline
+
+\newline
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+\size footnotesize
+srec_cat\SpecialChar ~
+sourcefile.ihx -intel\SpecialChar ~
\SpecialChar ~
--fill 0xff 0x0000 0x8000\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
+-fill 0x12 0x0000 0xfffe\SpecialChar ~
+-little-endian-checksum-nega
+tive 0xfffe 0x02 0x02\SpecialChar ~
\SpecialChar ~
-o sourcefile.hex -intel
+\size default
+
\newline
\newline
\end_inset
- processor (In development, not complete).
+ processor (Not maintained, not complete).
AVR users should probably have a look at winavr
\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/winavr}
Like `-dD' except that the macro arguments and contents are omitted.
Only `#define name' is included in the output.
\layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+
+\series bold
+-pedantic-parse-number
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-pedantic-parse-number}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\size large
+\bar under
+
+\series default
+\size default
+\bar default
+Pedentic parse numbers so that situations like 0xfe-LO_B(3) are parsed properly
+ and the macro LO_B(3) gets expanded.
+ See also #pragma pedantic_parse_number in section
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:Pragmas}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\emph on
+Note: this functionality is not in conformance with standard!
+\layout List
\added_space_bottom bigskip \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
\end_inset
.
- SDCC uses an adapted version of the preprocessor cpp of the GNU Compiler
- Collection (gcc), if you need more dedicated options please refer to the
- documentation at
+ SDCC uses an adapted version of the preprocessor
+\emph on
+cpp
+\emph default
+ of the GNU Compiler Collection
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{gcc (GNU Compiler Collection)}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (
+\emph on
+gcc
+\emph default
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://gcc.gnu.org/}
+
+\end_inset
+
+), if you need more dedicated options please refer to the GCC\SpecialChar ~
+4.1.1\SpecialChar ~
+CPP\SpecialChar ~
+Manual
+ at
\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl{http://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/onlinedocs/}
\end_inset
\end_inset
segment, default value 0.
- Note when this option is used the interrupt vector table is also relocated
- to the given address.
+ Note when this option is used the interrupt vector table
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{interrupt vector table}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ is also relocated to the given address.
The value entered can be in Hexadecimal or Decimal format, e.g.: -
\begin_inset ERT
status Collapsed
\series default
Display errors and warnings using MSVC style, so you can use SDCC with
- visual studio.
- With SDCC both offering a GCC-like (the default) and a MSVC-like output
- style, integration into most programming editors should be straightforward.
+ the visual studio IDE
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{IDE}
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ With SDCC both offering a GCC-like (the default) and a MSVC-like
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{MSVC output style}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ output style, integration into most programming editors should be straightforwa
+rd.
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
Can be used for instance when using bank switching to put the const data
in a bank.
\layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+
+\series bold
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_inset
+
+-fdollars-in-identifiers
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-fdollars-in-identifiers}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+ Permit '$' as an identifier character
+\layout List
\added_space_bottom bigskip \labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
(0x80) P0;\SpecialChar ~
/* special function register P0 at location 0x80 */
\newline
-/* 16 bit special function register combination for timer 0 */
+
\newline
-/* with the high byte at location 0x8C and the low byte at location 0x8A
- */
+/* 16 bit special function register combination for timer 0
\newline
-__sfr16 __at
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+ with the high byte at location 0x8C and the low byte at location 0x8A */
+\newline
+__sfr16 __at (0x8C8A) TMR0;
+\newline
+
+\newline
+__sbit __at
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
- (0x8C8A) TMR0;
-\newline
-__sbit __at (0xd7) CY; /* CY (Carry Flag
+ (0xd7) CY;\SpecialChar ~
+ /* CY (Carry Flag
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Flags}
\end_inset
\newline
\newline
-/* the following is a function pointer physically located in data space
- */
+/* the following is a function pointer
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{function pointer}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ physically located in data space */
\newline
char (* __data fp)(void);
\layout Standard
\end_inset
routines.
- Explicitly specifying the pointer type will generate the most efficient
- code.
+ Explicitly specifying the pointer
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{pointer}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ type will generate the most efficient code.
\layout Subsubsection
Notes on MCS51 memory
\end_inset
-=z180 (z80) is used to turn on (off) the Z180/HD64180 port addressing instructio
+ z180 (z80) is used to turn on (off) the Z180/HD64180 port addressing instructio
ns
\family typewriter
in0/out0
\emph default
keyword is the interrupt number this routine will service.
When present, the compiler will insert a call to this routine in the interrupt
- vector table for the interrupt number specified.
+ vector table
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{interrupt vector table}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ for the interrupt number specified.
If you have multiple source files in your project, interrupt service routines
can be present in any of them, but a prototype of the isr MUST be present
or included in the file that contains the function
MCS51/DS390 Interrupt Service Routines
\layout Standard
-Interrupt numbers and the corresponding address & descriptions for the Standard
- 8051/8052 are listed below.
- SDCC will automatically adjust the interrupt vector table to the maximum
- interrupt number specified.
+Interrupt
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{interrupt}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ numbers and the corresponding address & descriptions for the Standard 8051/8052
+ are listed below.
+ SDCC will automatically adjust the
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{interrupt vector table}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to the maximum interrupt number specified.
\newline
\layout Standard
\end_inset
-and section
+ and section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:MCS51-variants}
\end_inset
-\SpecialChar ~
-about MCS51-variants.
+ about MCS51-variants.
\layout Subsection
HC08 Startup Code
\layout Standard
-Before using dynamic
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{dynamic}
+As of SDCC 2.6.2 you no longer need to call an initialization routine before
+ using dynamic memory allocation
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{dynamic memory allocation (malloc)}
\end_inset
- memory allocation with SDCC, you have to provide heap
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{heap}
+ and a default heap
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{heap (malloc)}
\end_inset
- space for malloc to allocate memory from
-\family typewriter
-.
-
-\family default
-You can acomplish this by including the following code into your source:
+ space of 1024 bytes is provided for malloc to allocate memory from.
+ If you need a different heap size you need to recompile _heap.c with the
+ required size defined in HEAP_SIZE.
+ It is recommended to make a copy of this file into your project directory
+ and compile it there with:
\layout Verse
\family typewriter
-#include <malloc.h>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{malloc.h}
-
-\end_inset
-
- /* calloc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{calloc}
-
-\end_inset
-
-, malloc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{malloc}
-
-\end_inset
-
-, realloc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{realloc}
-
-\end_inset
-
-, and free
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{free}
-
-\end_inset
-
- */
+sdcc -c _heap.c -D HEAD_SIZE=2048
\newline
-\newline
-#define HEAPSIZE 0x1000 /* Adjust depending on available memory */
-\newline
-unsigned char xdata myheap[HEAPSIZE]; /* The actual heap for dynamic memory
- */
-\newline
+\family default
+And then link it with:
+\layout Verse
-\newline
-void main (void)
-\newline
-{
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-/* Your variable declarations come here*/
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-...
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-init_dynamic_memory((MEMHEADER xdata *)myheap, HEAPSIZE);
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-...
- /* Rest of your code*/
-\newline
-}
+
+\family typewriter
+sdcc main.rel _heap.rel
\newline
\layout Subsection
\end_inset
- vector table entries for all ISR functions defined after the pragma.
- This is useful in cases where the interrupt vector table must be defined
- manually, or when there is a secondary, manually defined interrupt vector
+ vector table
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{interrupt vector table}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ entries for all ISR functions defined after the pragma.
+ This is useful in cases where the interrupt vector table must be defined
+ manually, or when there is a secondary, manually defined interrupt vector
table (e.g.
for the autovector feature of the Cypress EZ-USB FX2).
More elegantly this can be achieved by obmitting the optional interrupt
\layout Itemize
+\series bold
+pedantic_parse_number
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma pedantic\_parse\_number}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (+ | -) - Pedantic parse numbers so that situations like 0xfe-LO_B(3) are
+ parsed properly and the macro LO_B(3) gets expanded.
+ Default is off.
+ Below is an example on how to use this pragma.
+
+\emph on
+ Note: this functionality is not in conformance with standard!
+\layout Verse
+
+
+\family typewriter
+#pragma pedantic_parse_number +
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma pedantic\_parse\_number}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\newline
+
+\newline
+#define LO_B(x) ((x) & 0xff)
+\newline
+
+\newline
+unsigned char foo(void)
+\newline
+{
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+unsigned char c=0xfe-LO_B(3);
+\newline
+
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+return c;
+\newline
+}
+\newline
+
+\layout Itemize
+
+
\series bold
preproc_asm
\series default
}
\newline
+\layout Itemize
+
+
+\series bold
+sdcc_hash
+\series default
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma sdcc\_hash}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (+ | -) - Allow "naked" hash in macro definition, for example:
+\newline
+
+\family typewriter
+#define DIR_LO(x) #(x & 0xff)
+\family default
+
+\newline
+Default is off.
+ Below is an example on how to use this pragma.
+\layout Verse
+
+
+\family typewriter
+#pragma preproc_asm +
+\newline
+#pragma sdcc_hash +
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma sdcc\_hash}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\newline
+
+\newline
+#define ROMCALL(x)
+\backslash
+
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+mov R6_B3, #(x & 0xff)
+\backslash
+
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+mov R7_B3, #((x >> 8) & 0xff)
+\backslash
+
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+lcall __romcall
+\newline
+
+\newline
+...
+\newline
+_asm
+\newline
+ROMCALL(72)
+\newline
+_endasm;
+\newline
+...
+\newline
+
\layout Standard
The pragma's are intended to be used to turn-on or off certain optimizations
\emph default
- as the MCS51 and DS390 ports, so floating point support, support for long
+ (see section
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:Quality-control}
+
+\end_inset
+
+) as the MCS51 and DS390 ports, so floating point support, support for long
variables and bitfield support is fine.
See mailing lists and forums about interrupt routines.
\layout Standard
The HC08 port
\layout Standard
-\added_space_bottom bigskip
-The port to the Motorola HC08
+
+The port to the Freescale/Motorola HC08
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{HC08}
\end_inset
unoptimized.
Some of the SDCC's standard C library functions have embedded non-HC08
inline assembly and so are not yet usable.
+\layout Standard
+\added_space_bottom bigskip
+The HC08 port passes the regression test suite (see section
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:Quality-control}
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
\layout Section
\pagebreak_top
The PIC14 port
\end_inset
port still requires a major effort from the development community.
- However it can work for very simple code.
+ However it can work for simple code.
+ It passes its (smaller set of) regression tests
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Regression test (PIC14)}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ in the directory
+\shape italic
+sdcc/src/regression
+\shape default
+.
\layout Subsection
C code and 14bit PIC code page
used.
The compiler treats all functions of a single C file as being in the same
code page unless it is non static.
- The compiler treats all local variables of a single C file as being in
- the same RAM bank unless it is an extern.
\newline
\newline
To get the best follow these guide lines:
\layout Enumerate
-make local functions static, as non static functions require code page selection
- overhead.
-\layout Enumerate
-
-Make local variables static as extern variables require RAM bank selection
+Make local functions static, as non static functions require code page selection
overhead.
\layout Enumerate
for the 16F877 use 4 separate files and i.e.
for the 16F874 use 2 separate files.
This way the linker can put the code for each file into different code
- pages and the compiler can allocate reusable variables more efficiently
- and there's less page selection overhead.
+ pages and there's less page selection overhead.
+\layout Enumerate
+
And as for any 8 bit micro (especially for PIC 14 as they have a very simple
- instruction set) use 'unsigned char' whereever possible instead of 'int'.
+ instruction set), use 'unsigned char' whereever possible instead of 'int'.
\layout Subsection
Creating a device include file
Interrupt code
\layout Standard
-For the interrupt function, use the keyword 'interrupt'
+For the interrupt function, use the keyword '__interrupt'
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!interrupt}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
-void Intr(void) interrupt 0
+void Intr(void) __interrupt 0
\newline
{
\newline
\end_inset
disable (slightly faulty) optimization on pCode
+\layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_inset
+
+-stack-loc
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-stack-loc}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ sets the lowest address of the argument passing stack (defaults to a suitably
+ large shared databank to reduce BANKSEL overhead)
+\layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_inset
+
+-stack-size
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-stack-size}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ sets the size if the argument passing stack (default: 16, minimum: 4)
\layout Subsection
The library
/
\end_inset
--stack-model=[model] Used in conjuction with the command above.
+-pstack-model=[model] Used in conjuction with the command above.
Defines the stack model to be used, valid stack models are :
\begin_deeper
\layout List
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
-wparam
-\emph on
-This pragma is deprecated.
- Its use will cause a warning message to be issued.
-\emph default
-
-\newline
-
-\layout List
-\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
-
code
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Pragmas!\#pragma code}
\layout LyX-Code
}
-\layout Standard
-
-This keyword replaces the deprecated wparam pragma.
\layout List
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
-fommit-frame-pointer might reduce stack usage by not creating unnecessery
stack frames.
Other ways to reduce stack usage may exist.
+\layout Subsection
+
+Known bugs
+\layout Standard
+
+The PIC16 Port currently does not pass SDCC's regression test
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Regression test (PIC16)}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ suite (see section
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec:Quality-control}
+
+\end_inset
+
+) and thus the nightly regression tests for the PIC16 target are currently
+ disabled for all hosts except for
+\emph on
+Linux on Opteron.
+
+\emph default
+ This means you can see the result of the PIC16 regression tests f.e.
+ by checking the log files in
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/regression_test_results/amd64-unknown-linux2.3/}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (pick the most up to date file there, scroll down, lend a hand).
\layout Chapter
Debugging
whenever possible, especially loop control variables (induction).
\layout Itemize
-Since the compiler does not always do implicit integral promotion, the programme
-r should do an explicit cast when integral promotion is required.
-\layout Itemize
-
-Reducing the size of division, multiplication & modulus operations can reduce
- code size substantially.
- Take the following code for example.
-\begin_deeper
-\layout Verse
-
-
-\family typewriter
-foobar(unsigned int p1, unsigned char ch)
-\newline
-{
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-unsigned char ch1 = p1 % ch ;
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-....
-\newline
-}
-\layout Standard
-
-For the modulus operation the variable ch will be promoted to unsigned int
- first then the modulus operation will be performed (this will lead to a
- call to support routine _moduint()), and the result will be casted to a
- char.
- If the code is changed to
-\layout Verse
-
-
-\family typewriter
-foobar(unsigned int p1, unsigned char ch)
-\newline
-{
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-unsigned char ch1 = (unsigned char)p1 % ch ;
-\newline
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-\SpecialChar ~
-....
-\newline
-}
-\layout Standard
-
-It would substantially reduce the code generated (future versions of the
- compiler will be smart enough to detect such optimization opportunities).
-\end_deeper
-\layout Itemize
-
Have a look at the assembly listing to get a
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
\end_inset
-> to allow using common header files.
+>
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/device/include/mcs51/compiler.h?view=markup}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ to allow using common header files.
(see f.e.
cc2510fx.h
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/device/include/mcs51/P89c51RD2.h?view=markup}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/device/include/mcs51/cc2510fx.h?view=markup}
\end_inset
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Name
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Purpose
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Directory
\end_inset
</cell>
\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2">
<features>
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="0pt">
-<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="40col%">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="60col%">
+<row topline="true" bottomline="true" endhead="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Subject / Title
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
-Where to get / filename
-\end_inset
+
+\series bold
+Filename / Where to get
+\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
<row topline="true">
\layout Standard
You're reading it right now
+\emph on
+ \SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/sdccman.pdf}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
sdcc/Changelog
+\emph on
+ \SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/ChangeLog}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\end_inset
- Assemblers and ASLINK
+ Assemblers and
+\newline
+ASLINK
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{aslink}
\end_inset
\layout Standard
-sdcc/as/doc/asxhtm.html
+sdcc/as/doc/asxhtm.html
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/as/doc/asxhtm.html}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
-sdcc/doc/test_suite_spec.pdf
+sdcc/doc/test_suite_spec.pdf
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/test_suite_spec.pdf}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
-sdcc/doc/*
+sdcc/doc/*
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/doc/}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
-sdcc/debugger/README
+sdcc/debugger/README
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at
+\emph default
+:
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/debugger/README}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\bar default
\noun default
\color default
-/index.html
+/index.html
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/sim/ucsim/doc/index.html}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
-sdcc/src/pic16/NOTES
+sdcc/src/pic16/NOTES
+\emph on
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\newline
+
+\emph default
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/sdcc/trunk/sdcc/src/pic16/NOTES}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\noun default
\color default
f
+\emph on
+ \SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+
+\hfill
+online at:
+\emph default
+
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/cdbfileformat.pdf}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Name
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Purpose
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Where to get
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
ddd
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ddd (debugger)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DDD (debugger)}
\end_inset
\align left
\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="8" columns="3">
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="7" columns="3">
<features>
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0pt">
-<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="30line%">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="0pt">
<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Name
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Subject / Title
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
+
+\series bold
Where to get
\end_inset
</cell>
\layout Standard
-C-FAQ-list
+C-FAQ
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{C FAQ}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\layout Standard
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.eskimo.com/~scs/C-faq/top.html}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.c-faq.com}
\end_inset
\layout Standard
-Latest datasheet of the target CPU
+Latest datasheet of target CPU
\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
-<row topline="true">
+<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
\begin_inset Text
\end_inset
</cell>
</row>
-<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\layout Standard
-
-S.
- S.
- Muchnick
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\layout Standard
-
-Advanced Compiler Design and Implementation
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\layout Standard
-
-bookstore (very dedicated, probably read other books first)
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
</lyxtabular>
\end_inset
\layout Standard
+\series bold
\size footnotesize
Vendor
\end_inset
\layout Standard
+\series bold
\size footnotesize
Subject / Title
\end_inset
\layout Standard
+\series bold
\size footnotesize
Where to get
\end_inset
\size footnotesize
Integrating SDCC 8051 Tools Into The Silicon Labs IDE
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{IDE}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\end_inset
</cell>
<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
there.
SDCC versions starting from 1999 up to now are available (currently the
versions prior to the conversion from cvs
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{cvs (see Subversion)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{cvs|see{Subversion}}
\end_inset
\end_inset
.
+ A release wiki
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{wiki}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Release wiki}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ at
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sf.net/release_wiki/}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ also holds some information about past and future releases.
\layout Section
Examples
\layout Section
Quality control
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec:Quality-control}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Quality control}
\end_inset
\end_inset
- check that SDCC itself compiles flawlessly on several platforms and checks
- the quality of the code generated by SDCC by running the code through simulator
-s.
- There is a separate document
+ check that SDCC itself compiles flawlessly on several host platforms (i386,
+ Opteron, 64 bit Alpha, ppc64, MacOS X on PPC, Solaris on Sparc) and checks
+ the quality of the code generated by SDCC by running the code for several
+ target platforms through simulators.
+ The regression test suite comprises more than 100 files which expand to
+ more than 500 test cases which include more than 4500 tests.
+ The results of these tests are published daily on SDCC's snapshot page
+ (click on the red or green symbols on the right side of
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/snap.php}
+
+\end_inset
+
+).
+\layout Standard
+
+There is a separate document
\shape italic
-test_suite.pdf
+test_suite.pdf
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Test suite}
\end_inset
\shape default
- about this.
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/doc/test_suite_spec.pdf}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ about the regression test suite.
\layout Standard
You'll find the test code in the directory
.
\layout Standard
-The pic port uses a different set of regression tests, you'll find them
- in the directory
+The 14bit pic port uses a different set of regression tests
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Regression test (PIC14)}
+
+\end_inset
+
+, you'll find them in the directory
\shape italic
sdcc/src/regression
\shape default
As mentioned in the optimization section the peep-hole optimizer is rule
based system, which can reprogrammed for other MCUs.
+\layout Standard
+
+More information is available in a wiki
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{wiki}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ (preliminary link
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/release_wiki/index.php?page=SDCC+internals+and+porting}
+
+\end_inset
+
+) and in the thread
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sf.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=13954144}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ .
\layout Chapter
Compiler internals
Code generation
\layout Standard
-Figure II gives a table of iCode operations supported by the compiler.
+Figure II gives a table of iCode
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{iCode}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ operations supported by the compiler.
The code generation involves translating these operations into corresponding
assembly code for the processor.
This sounds overly simple but that is the essence of code generation.
\newline
-\series bold
-\shape italic
-\color red
-<Where is Figure II?>
-\layout Comment
+\layout Standard
-In the original article Figure II was announced to be downloadable on
-\shape italic
-Circuit Cellar
-\shape default
-'s web site.
- Unfortunately it never seemed to have shown up there, so: where is Figure
- II?
-\layout Paragraph*
-ICode Example
+\size footnotesize
+Figure II
+\begin_inset Tabular
+<lyxtabular version="3" rows="39" columns="4">
+<features islongtable="true" headBottomDL="true">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="13col%">
+<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="13col%">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="22col%">
+<column alignment="block" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="40col%">
+<row topline="true" bottomline="true" endhead="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\series bold
+iCode
+\series default
+
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{iCode}
\end_inset
-\layout Standard
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
-This section shows some details of iCode.
- The example C code does not do anything useful; it is used as an example
- to illustrate the intermediate code generated by the compiler.
-\layout Verse
+\layout Standard
-\family typewriter
-1.\SpecialChar ~
+\series bold
+Operands
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\series bold
+Description
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\series bold
+C Equivalent
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'!'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+NOT operation
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = ! IC_LEFT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'~'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Bitwise complement of
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = ~IC_LEFT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+RRC
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Rotate right with carry
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (IC_LEFT << 1) | (IC_LEFT >> (sizeof(IC_LEFT)*8-1));
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+RLC
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Rotate left with carry
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (IC_LEFT << (sizeof(LC_LEFT)*8-1) ) | (IC_LEFT >> 1);
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+GETHBIT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Get the highest order bit of IC_LEFT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (IC_LEFT >> (sizeof(IC_LEFT)*8 -1));
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+UNARYMINUS
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Unary minus
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = - IC_LEFT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IPUSH
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Push the operand into stack
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+NONE
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IPOP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Pop the operand from the stack
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+NONE
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+CALL
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Call the function represented by IC_LEFT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT();
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+PCALL
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Call via function pointer
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (*IC_LEFT)();
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+RETURN
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Return the value in operand IC_LEFT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+return IC_LEFT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+LABEL
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LABEL()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Label
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LABEL:
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+GOTO
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LABEL()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Goto label
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+goto IC_LABEL();
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'+'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Addition
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT + IC_RIGHT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'-'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Subtraction
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT - IC_RIGHT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'*'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Multiplication
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT * IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'/'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Division
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT / IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'%'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Modulus
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT % IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'<'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Less than
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT < IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'>'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Greater than
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT > IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+EQ_OP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Equal to
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT == IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+AND_OP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Logical and operation
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT && IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+OR_OP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Logical or operation
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT || IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'^'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Exclusive OR
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT ^ IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'|'
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Bitwise OR
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT | IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+BITWISEAND
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Bitwise AND
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT & IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+LEFT_OP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Left shift
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT << IC_RIGHT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+RIGHT_OP
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Right shift
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_LEFT >> IC_RIGHT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+GET_VALUE_
+\newline
+AT_ ADDRESS
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Indirect fetch
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (*IC_LEFT);
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+POINTER_SET
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Indirect set
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+(*IC_RESULT) = IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+'='
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RIGHT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Assignment
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IFX
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_COND IC_TRUE IC_LABEL
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Conditional jump.
+ If true label is present then jump to true label if condition is true else
+ jump to false label if condition is false
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+if (IC_COND) goto IC_TRUE;
+\newline
+\SpecialChar ~
+\SpecialChar ~
+Or
+\newline
+If (!IC_COND) goto IC_FALSE;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+ADDRESS_OF
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Address of
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = &IC_LEFT();
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+JUMPTABLE
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_JTCOND IC_JTLABELS
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Jump to list of labels depending on the value of JTCOND
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Switch statement
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+CAST
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RIGHT() IC_LEFT() IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+Cast types
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT = (typeof IC_LEFT) IC_RIGHT;
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+SEND
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_LEFT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+This is used for passing parameters in registers;
+\newline
+move IC_LEFT to the next available parameter register.
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+None
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+RECV
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+IC_RESULT()
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+This is used for receiving parameters passed in registers;
+\newline
+Move the values in the next parameter register to IC_RESULT
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\size footnotesize
+None
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+<row topline="true" bottomline="true">
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\shape slanted
+\size footnotesize
+(some more have been added)
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none">
+\begin_inset Text
+
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\shape slanted
+\size footnotesize
+see f.e.
+
+\family typewriter
+gen51Code()
+\family default
+ in
+\family typewriter
+src/mcs51/gen.c
+\end_inset
+</cell>
+</row>
+</lyxtabular>
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Comment
+
+In the original article Figure II was announced to be downloadable on
+\shape italic
+Circuit Cellar
+\shape default
+'s web site.
+ ftp://ftp.circuitcellar.com/pub/Circuit_Cellar/2000/121/dutta.ZIP
+\layout Paragraph*
+
+ICode Example
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{iCode}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Standard
+
+This section shows some details of iCode.
+ The example C code does not do anything useful; it is used as an example
+ to illustrate the intermediate code generated by the compiler.
+\layout Verse
+
+
+\family typewriter
+1.\SpecialChar ~
xdata int * p;
\newline
2.\SpecialChar ~
\newline
+\newline
+
+\emph on
+Also thanks to Sourceforge
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.sf.net}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ which has hosted the project since 1999 and donates significant download
+ bandwidth and probably more than
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+$10^{13}$
+\end_inset
+
+CPU cycles per day.
+\newline
+
+\begin_inset Note
+collapsed false
+
+\layout Standard
+
+more than 10^13 is an estimate: on my Athlon 2800+ it takes about (0.5+6.5+20)
+ minutes for (configure+make+regression test), and there is (i386, amd64,
+ alpha, ppc64, (mingw32), sparc, macosx).
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\layout Standard
This document was initially written by Sandeep Dutta
projects / fw / sdcc / blobdiff