-#LyX 1.4.4 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
+#LyX 1.5.0 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
\lyxformat 245
\begin_document
\begin_header
\papersides 1
\paperpagestyle fancy
\tracking_changes false
-\output_changes true
+\output_changes false
+\author ""
+\author ""
\end_header
\begin_body
\begin_layout Date
\size normal
-SDCC 2.7.0
+SDCC 2.7.3
\size footnotesize
\newline
\end_inset
.
-
-\series bold
-\series default
\emph on
Please note: the compiler will probably always be some steps ahead of this
documentation
freeware
\emph default
; source code for all the sub-packages (pre-processor, assemblers, linkers
- etc) is distributed with the package.
+ etc.) is distributed with the package.
This documentation is maintained using a free open source word processor
(LyX).
\newline
\begin_layout Itemize
short is now equivalent to int (16 bits), it used to be equivalent to char
(8 bits) which is not ANSI compliant.
- To maintain compatibility, old programs may be compiled using the --short-is-8b
-its commandline option (see
+ To maintain compatibility, old programs may be compiled using the -
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+-short-is-8bits commandline option (see
\begin_inset LatexCommand \vref{lyx:--short-is-8bits}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Itemize
char type parameters to vararg
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{vararg, va\_arg}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{vararg, va\\_arg}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sbit}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sbit}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
b = ~
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\~\/ Operator}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\~\\/ Operator}
\end_inset
\end_inset
--disable-pic-port Excludes the PIC port
+-disable-pic-port Excludes the PIC14 port
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+-disable-pic16-port Excludes the PIC16 port
\end_layout
\begin_layout List
\end_inset
--help` and the man/info pages of `configure` for details.
+-help' and the man/info pages of `configure' for details.
\newline
\newline
The names of the
standard libraries STD_LIB, STD_INT_LIB, STD_LONG_LIB, STD_FP_LIB, STD_DS390_LI
B, STD_XA51_LIB and the environment variables SDCC_DIR_NAME, SDCC_INCLUDE_NAME,
- SDCC_LIB_NAME are defined by `configure` too.
+ SDCC_LIB_NAME are defined by `configure' too.
At the moment it's not possible to change the default settings (it was
simply never required).
\newline
\begin_layout Standard
\noindent
-The install paths can still be changed during `make install` with e.g.:
+The install paths can still be changed during `make install' with e.g.:
\end_layout
\begin_layout LyX-Code
\begin_layout Enumerate
\series medium
-Unpack the file using a command like:
+Unpack the file using a command like:
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"tar -xvzf sdcc-src-yyyymmdd-rrrr.tar.bz2
\begin_layout Enumerate
\series medium
-Type
+Type
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"./configure
\begin_layout Enumerate
\series medium
-Type
+Type
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"make
\begin_layout Enumerate
\series medium
-Type
+Type
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"make install"
generated files are not scattered between the source files.
And the best thing is: if you want to change a file you can leave the original
file untouched in the source directory.
- Simply copy it to the build directory, edit it, enter `make clean`, `rm
- Makefile.dep` and `make`.
+ Simply copy it to the build directory, edit it, enter `make clean', `rm
+ Makefile.dep' and `make'.
\series bold
make
Make sure that the sdcc bin directory is in your executable search path
defined by the PATH environment setting (
\series medium
-see
+see
\series default
-section
+ section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:Install-Trouble-shooting}
\end_inset
\newline
\series medium
-SDCC
+SDCC
\series default
-is commonly installed as described in section
+ is commonly installed as described in section
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
\series medium
Make sure the compiler works on a very simple example.
- Type in the following test.c program using your favorite
+ Type in the following test.c program using your favorite
\series default
-ASCII
+ ASCII
\series medium
editor:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series medium
-Compile this using the following command:
+Compile this using the following command:
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"sdcc -c test.c".
\series medium
The next step is to try it with the linker.
- Type in
+ Type in
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"sdcc test.c
\series medium
(no test.ihx, and the linker generates warnings), then the problem is most
- likely that
+ likely that
\series default
-SDCC
+ SDCC
\series medium
- cannot find the
+cannot find the
\series default
-/
+ /
\series medium
usr/local/share/sdcc/lib directory
\series default
\series medium
-(see
+(see
\series default
-section
+ section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:Install-Trouble-shooting}
\end_inset
\newline
\series medium
-The final test is to ensure
+The final test is to ensure
\series default
-SDCC
+ SDCC
\series medium
- can use the
+can use the
\series default
-standard
+ standard
\series medium
- header files and libraries.
+header files and libraries.
Edit test.c and change it to the following:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\series medium
-Compile this by typing
+Compile this by typing
+\series default
+
\family sans
\series bold
"sdcc test.c"
.
This should generate a test.ihx output file, and it should give no warnings
such as not finding the string.h file.
- If it cannot find the string.h file, then the problem is that
+ If it cannot find the string.h file, then the problem is that
\series default
-SDCC
+ SDCC
\series medium
- cannot find the /usr/local/share/sdcc/include directory
+cannot find the /usr/local/share/sdcc/include directory
\series default
\series medium
-(see the
+(see the
\series default
-section
+ section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:Install-Trouble-shooting}
\end_inset
-print-search-dirs
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-print-search-dirs}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-print-search-dirs}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Itemize
as-z80
\series bold
-,
+,
\series default
-as-gbz80 - The Z80 and GameBoy Z80 assemblers.
+ as-gbz80 - The Z80 and GameBoy Z80 assemblers.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\begin_layout Itemize
link-z80
\series bold
-,
+,
\series default
-link-gbz80 - The Z80 and GameBoy Z80 linkers.
+ link-gbz80 - The Z80 and GameBoy Z80 linkers.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Itemize
\end_inset
-out-fmt-s19
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-out-fmt-s19}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-out-fmt-s19}
\end_inset
\end_inset
- or
+ or
\family sans
\shape italic
- srecord
+srecord
\family default
\shape default
\end_inset
-debug
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-debug}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-debug}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-debug).
- The (Intel)
+ The (Intel)
\emph on
- a
+a
\emph default
bsolute
\emph on
\newline
\newline
-
+
\family sans
\series bold
- packihx sourcefile.ihx >sourcefile.hex
+packihx sourcefile.ihx >sourcefile.hex
\family default
\series default
\newline
\newline
-The separately available
+The separately available
\emph on
- srecord
+srecord
\emph default
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{srecord (bin, hex, ... tool)}
\newline
Alternatively,
\emph on
-foomain.c
+foomain.c
\emph default
-can be separately compiled as well:
+ can be separately compiled as well:
\family sans
\series bold
\emph on
main()
\emph default
- function
-\emph on
-
-\emph default
+ function
\noun on
must
\noun default
\emph on
foomain.c
\emph default
- and a library
+ and a library
\emph on
- foolib.lib
+foolib.lib
\emph default
in the directory
\emph on
\family default
\series default
-Note here that
+Note here that
\emph on
- mylib
+mylib
\emph default
must be an absolute path name.
\newline
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+Or, if you preffer:
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+sdcclib libint.lib _divsint.rel _divuint.rel _modsint.rel _moduint.rel _mulint.rel
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
If the file already exists in the library, it will be replaced.
- To see what modules and symbols are included in the library, options -s
+ If a list of .rel files is available, you can tell sdcclib to add those
+ files to a library.
+ For example, if the file 'myliblist.txt' contains
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+_divsint.rel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+_divuint.rel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+_modsint.rel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+_moduint.rel
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+_mulint.rel
+\series default
+
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Use
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+sdcclib -l libint.lib myliblist.txt
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Additionally, you can instruct sdcclib to compile the files before adding
+ them to the library by setting environment variables SDCCLIB_CC
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCCLIB_CC}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ and/or SDCCLIB_AS
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCCLIB_AS}
+
+\end_inset
+
+.
+ For example:
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+set SDCCLIB_CC
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCCLIB_CC}
+
+\end_inset
+
+=sdcc -
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+-use-stdout -
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+-model-small -c
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+\family sans
+\series bold
+sdcclib -l libint.lib myliblist.txt
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+To see what modules and symbols are included in the library, options -s
and -m are available.
For example:
\newline
\end_inset
-debug
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-debug}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-debug}
\end_inset
\end_inset
+\series default
\size large
-\bar under
-\series default
\size default
-\bar default
Like `-M' but the output mentions only the user header files included with
`#include
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset
+\series default
\size large
-\bar under
-\series default
\size default
-\bar default
Like `-dD' except that the macro arguments and contents are omitted.
Only `#define name' is included in the output.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-
+
\series default
-\size default
\bar default
+
+\size default
Pedantic parse numbers so that situations like 0xfe-LO_B(3) are parsed properly
and the macro LO_B(3) gets expanded.
See also #pragma pedantic_parse_number
\series bold
-lib-path
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-lib-path <path>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\
\/-lib-path <path>}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-L -\/-lib-path}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-L -\\/-lib-path}
\end_inset
-xram-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xram-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xram-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
-code-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-code-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-code-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
-stack-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-pack-iram}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-pack-iram}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-pack-iram}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-pack-iram}
\end_inset
-xstack-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xstack-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xstack-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
-data-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-data-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-data-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
-idata-loc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-idata-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-idata-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-out-fmt-ihx
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-out-fmt-ihx}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-out-fmt-ihx}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
The linker output (final object code) is in Intel Hex format.
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Intel hex format}
\end_inset
-out-fmt-s19
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-out-fmt-s19}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-out-fmt-s19}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
The linker output (final object code) is in Motorola S19 format
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Motorola S19 format}
\end_inset
-out-fmt-elf
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-out-fmt-s19}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-out-fmt-s19}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{HC08!Options!-\/-out-fmt-elf}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{HC08!Options!-\\/-out-fmt-elf}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
The linker output (final object code) is in ELF format
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ELF format}
\end_inset
-model-small
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-model-small}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-model-small}
\end_inset
\series default
\size large
-\emph on
\size default
-\emph default
Generate code for Small Model programs, see section Memory Models for more
details.
This is the default model.
\end_inset
-model-medium
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-model-medium}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-model-medium}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-model-large
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-model-large}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-model-large}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xstack
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xstack}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xstack}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-iram-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-iram-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xram-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xram-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-code-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-code-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-pack-iram}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-pack-iram}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-pack-iram}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-pack-iram}
\end_inset
Causes the linker to use old style for allocating memory areas.
\end_layout
+\begin_layout List
+\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
+
+\series bold
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+-acall-ajmp
+\series default
+\InsetSpace ~
+
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-acall-ajmp}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ Replaces the three byte instructions lcall/ljmp with the two byte instructions
+ acall/ajmp.
+ Only use this option if your code is in the same 2k block of memory.
+ You may need to use this option for some 8051 derivatives which lack the
+ lcall/ljmp instructions.
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
\begin_inset VSpace bigskip
\end_inset
-model-flat24
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-model-flat24}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-model-flat24}
\end_inset
\size large
-\emph on
\size default
-\emph default
Generate 24-bit flat mode code.
This is the one and only that the ds390 code generator supports right now
and is default when using
\end_inset
-protect-sp-update
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-protect-sp-update}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-protect-sp-update}
\end_inset
-stack-10bit
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-stack-10bit}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-stack-10bit}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xstack
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xstack}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xstack}
\end_inset
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
\series bold
---stack-8-bit - switches off the 10-bit mode
+-
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+-stack-8-bit - switches off the 10-bit mode
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-probe
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-stack-probe}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-stack-probe}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-tini-libid
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-tini-libid}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-tini-libid}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-use-accelerator
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\/-use-accelerator}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{DS390!Options!-\\/-use-accelerator}
\end_inset
-callee-saves-bc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-callee-saves-bc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-callee-saves-bc}
\end_inset
\size large
-\emph on
\size default
-\emph default
Force a called function to always save BC.
\end_layout
-no-std-crt0
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-no-std-crt0}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-no-std-crt0}
\end_inset
-portmode=
\series default
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-portmode=<Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-portmode=<Value>}
\end_inset
-asm=
\series default
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-asm=<Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-asm=<Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-codeseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-codeseg <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\/-constseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z80!Options!-\\/-constseg <Value>}
\end_inset
-callee-saves-bc
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\/-callee-saves-bc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\\/-callee-saves-bc}
\end_inset
\size large
-\emph on
\size default
-\emph default
Force a called function to always save BC.
\end_layout
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\/-codeseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\\/-codeseg <Value>}
\end_inset
\series default
\InsetSpace ~
<Value>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\/-constseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{GBZ80!Options!-\\/-constseg <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-nogcse
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nogcse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nogcse}
\end_inset
will indicate the number of extra bytes it allocated.
It is recommended that this option NOT be used, #pragma\InsetSpace ~
nogcse
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nogcse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nogcse}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-noinvariant
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-noinvariant}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-noinvariant}
\end_inset
.
It is recommended that this option NOT be used, #pragma\InsetSpace ~
noinvariant
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinvariant}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinvariant}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-noinduction
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-noinduction}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-noinduction}
\end_inset
for more details.
It is recommended that this option is NOT used, #pragma\InsetSpace ~
noinduction
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinduction}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinduction}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-nojtbound
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nojtbound}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nojtbound}
\end_inset
\size large
-\bar under
\series default
\size default
-\bar default
Will not generate boundary condition check when switch statements
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{switch statement}
Switch Statements for more details.
It is recommended that this option is NOT used, #pragma\InsetSpace ~
nojtbound
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nojtbound}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nojtbound}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-noloopreverse
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-noloopreverse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-noloopreverse}
\end_inset
nolabelopt
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nolabelopt }
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nolabelopt }
\end_inset
\end_inset
-no-xinit-opt
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-xinit-opt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-xinit-opt}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-nooverlay
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nooverlay}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nooverlay}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-no-peep
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-peep}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-peep}
\end_inset
-peep-file
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-peep-file}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-peep-file}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-peep-asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-peep-asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-peep-asm}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-opt-code-speed
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-opt-code-speed}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-opt-code-speed}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-opt-code-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-opt-code-size}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-opt-code-size}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-compile-only
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-compile-only}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-compile-only}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-c -\/-compile-only}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-c -\\/-compile-only}
\end_inset
\series bold
-c1mode
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-c1mode}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-c1mode}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-
+
\series default
-The output path where everything will be placed or the file name used for
+ The output path where everything will be placed or the file name used for
all generated output files.
If the parameter is a path, it must have a trailing slash (or backslash
for the Windows binaries) to be recognized as a path.
-
-\emph on
-
-\emph default
-Note for Windows users: if the path contains spaces, it should be surrounded
+ Note for Windows users: if the path contains spaces, it should be surrounded
by quotes.
The trailing backslash should be doubled in order to prevent escaping the
final quote, for example:
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
\series default
\size large
-\emph on
\size default
-\emph default
All functions in the source file will be compiled as
\emph on
reentrant
Parameters and Local Variables for more details.
If this option is used all source files in the project should be compiled
with this option.
- It automatically implies --int-long-reent and --float-reent.
+ It automatically implies -
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+-int-long-reent and -
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+-float-reent.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-callee-saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-callee-saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-callee-saves}
\end_inset
-callee-saves option string.
Also see #pragma\InsetSpace ~
callee_saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma callee\_saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma callee\\_saves}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-all-callee-saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-all-callee-saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-all-callee-saves}
\end_inset
-
-\series default
-Function of
-\series bold
-
+
\series default
--
+ Function of -
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-debug
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-debug}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-debug}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
When this option is used the compiler will generate debug information.
The debug information collected in a file with .cdb extension can be used
with the SDCDB.
\end_inset
+\series default
\size large
-\bar under
-\series default
\size default
-\bar default
Stop after the stage of compilation proper; do not assemble.
The output is an assembler code file for the input file specified.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-int-long-reent
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-int-long-reent}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-int-long-reent}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-cyclomatic
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-cyclomatic}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-cyclomatic}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
This option will cause the compiler to generate an information message for
each function in the source file.
The message contains some
\end_inset
-float-reent
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-float-reent}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-float-reent}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-funsigned-char
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-funsigned-char}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-funsigned-char}
\end_inset
\series default
- The default signedness for every type is
+ The default signedness for every type is
\family typewriter
- signed
+signed
\family default
.
- In some embedded environments the default signedness of
+ In some embedded environments the default signedness of
\family typewriter
- char
+char
\family default
- is
+ is
\family typewriter
- unsigned
+unsigned
\family default
.
- To set the signess for characters to unsigned, use the option --funsigned-char.
+ To set the signess for characters to unsigned, use the option -
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+-funsigned-char.
If this option is set and no signedness keyword (unsigned/signed) is given,
a char will be signed.
All other types are unaffected.
\end_inset
-main-return
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-main-return}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-main-return}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-nostdinc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nostdinc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nostdinc}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-nostdlib
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-nostdlib}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-nostdlib}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-verbose
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-verbose}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-verbose}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-no-c-code-in-asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-c-code-in-asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-c-code-in-asm}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-fverbose-asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-gen-comments}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-gen-comments}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-no-peep-comments
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-peep-comments}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-peep-comments}
\end_inset
\series default
- Don't include peep-hole comments in the generated asm files even if --fverbose-
-asm option is specified.
+ Don't include peep-hole comments in the generated asm files even if -
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+-fverbose-asm option is specified.
\end_layout
\begin_layout List
\end_inset
-i-code-in-asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-i-code-in-asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-i-code-in-asm}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-less-pedantic}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-less-pedantic}
\end_inset
-disable-warning\InsetSpace ~
<nnnn>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-disable-warning}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-disable-warning}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-print-search-dirs
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-print-search-dirs}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-print-search-dirs}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-vc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-vc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-vc}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-use-stdout
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-use-stdout}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-use-stdout}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-std-sdcc89
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-sdcc89}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-sdcc89}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-std-c89
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-c89}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-c89}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-std-sdcc99
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-sdcc99}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-sdcc99}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-std-c99
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-sdcc99}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-sdcc99}
\end_inset
-codeseg
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-codeseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-codeseg <Value>}
\end_inset
-constseg
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-constseg <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-constseg <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-fdollars-in-identifiers
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-fdollars-in-identifiers}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-fdollars-in-identifiers}
\end_inset
-more-pedantic
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-more-pedantic}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-more-pedantic}
\end_inset
-short-is-8bits
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-short-is-8bits}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-short-is-8bits}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumpraw
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpraw}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpraw}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumpgcse
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpgcse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpgcse}
\end_inset
\series default
- Will create a dump of iCode's, after global subexpression elimination
+ Will create a dump of iCodes, after global subexpression elimination
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Global subexpression elimination}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumpdeadcode
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpdeadcode}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpdeadcode}
\end_inset
\series default
- Will create a dump of iCode's, after deadcode elimination
+ Will create a dump of iCodes, after deadcode elimination
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Dead-code elimination}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumploop
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumploop}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumploop}
\end_inset
\size large
\size default
-Will create a dump of iCode's, after loop optimizations
+Will create a dump of iCodes, after loop optimizations
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Loop optimization}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumprange
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumprange}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumprange}
\end_inset
\size large
\size default
-Will create a dump of iCode's, after live range analysis
+Will create a dump of iCodes, after live range analysis
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Live range analysis}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumlrange
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumlrange}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumlrange}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumpregassign
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpregassign}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpregassign}
\end_inset
-
-\bar under
\series default
-\bar default
-Will create a dump of iCode's, after register assignment
+Will create a dump of iCodes, after register assignment
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Register assignment}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumplrange
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumplrange}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumplrange}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-dumpall
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpall}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpall}
\end_inset
\size large
-\bar under
\series default
\size default
-\bar default
Will cause all the above mentioned dumps to be created.
\end_layout
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-By default SDCC writes it's error messages to
+By default SDCC writes its error messages to
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
-
\series default
use-stdout
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-use-stdout}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-use-stdout}
\end_inset
\emph default
-vc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-vc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-vc}
\end_inset
\series bold
SDCC_LEAVE_SIGNALS
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_LEAVE\_SIGNALS}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_LEAVE\\_SIGNALS}
\end_inset
\series bold
SDCC_HOME
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_HOME}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_HOME}
\end_inset
\series bold
SDCC_INCLUDE
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_INCLUDE}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_INCLUDE}
\end_inset
\series bold
SDCC_LIB
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_LIB}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_LIB}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_data (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_data (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_near (storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_near (storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_far (storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_far (storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_idata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_idata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_pdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_pdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xstack
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xstack}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xstack}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_code}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_code}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_bit}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_bit}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr16}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr16}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr32}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr32}
\end_inset
/ sbit
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sbit}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sbit}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Like the bit keyword,
\emph on
-sfr / sfr16 / sfr32 / sbit
+sfr / sfr16 / sfr32 / sbit
\emph default
-signify both a data-type and storage class, they are used to describe the
+ signify both a data-type and storage class, they are used to describe the
\emph on
s
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Special function registers which are located on an address dividable by
- 8 are bit-addressable, an
+ 8 are bit-addressable, an
\emph on
- sbit
+sbit
\emph default
addresses a specific bit within these sfr.
\newline
then the sfr / sfr16 / sfr32 / sbit Storage Class extensions will most
likely be
\emph on
-not
+not
\emph default
-compatible.
+ compatible.
Specifically the syntax
\family typewriter
\InsetSpace ~
\end_inset
.
-
+
\family default
+
+\series bold
Nevertheless it is possible to write header files
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Header files}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_idata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_idata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_data (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_data (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_interrupt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_interrupt}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-data-loc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-data-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-data-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-iram-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-iram-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-iram-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-loc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xdata-loc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xdata-loc<Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xdata-loc<Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xram-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xram-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xram-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-code-loc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-code-loc <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-code-loc <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-code-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-code-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-code-size <Value>}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_sfr}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_sfr}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-portmode
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z180!Options!-\/-portmode}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z180!Options!-\\/-portmode}
\end_inset
=180 (80) and a compiler #pragma\InsetSpace ~
portmode
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z180!Pragmas!\#pragma portmode}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Z180!Pragmas!\\#pragma portmode}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_data (hc08 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_data (hc08 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_xdata (hc08 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_xdata (hc08 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_xdata (mcs51, ds390 storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
) are good places to look for such overlaps.
- Variables with an absolute address are
-\emph on
-not
-\begin_inset Marginal
-status collapsed
+\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-\InsetSpace ~
-!
-\end_layout
+If however you provide an initializer
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Variable initialization}
\end_inset
+ actual memory allocation will take place and overlaps will be detected
+ by the linker.
+ E.g.:
+\end_layout
-\emph default
- initialized
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Variable initialization}
+\begin_layout Verse
+\family typewriter
+__code __at (0x7ff0) char Id[5] =
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
-.
+SDCC
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+;
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+In the above example the variable Id will be located from 0x7ff0 to 0x7ff4
+ in code memory.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
Automatic (local) variables and parameters to functions can either be placed
on the stack or in data-space.
The default action of the compiler is to place these variables in the internal
- RAM (for small model) or external RAM (for large model).
+ RAM (for small model) or external RAM (for medium or large model).
This in fact makes them similar to
\emph on
static
\end_inset
- by using the
+ by using the
\emph on
- -
+-
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
stackauto
\emph default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma stackauto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma stackauto}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
Since stack space on 8051 is limited, the
\emph on
-reentrant
+reentrant
\emph default
-keyword or the
+ keyword or the
\emph on
- -
+-
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\emph on
bvar
\emph default
- in bit addressable space and
+ in bit addressable space and
\emph on
- j
+j
\emph default
in internal ram.
When compiled with
should be preceded by a #pragma\InsetSpace ~
nooverlay
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nooverlay}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nooverlay}
\end_inset
#pragma save
\newline
#pragma nooverlay
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nooverlay}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nooverlay}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_interrupt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_interrupt}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
\end_inset
operations are implemented using external support routines.
If an interrupt service routine needs to do any of these operations then
the support routines (as mentioned in a following section) will have to
- be recompiled using the
+ be recompiled using the
\emph on
- -
+-
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
-int-long-reent
\emph default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-int-long-reent}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-int-long-reent}
\end_inset
See f.e.
the cast
\family typewriter
+\series bold
(unsigned char)(tail-1)
\family default
- within the if clause in section
+\series default
+
+\series bold
+within the if clause in section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sub:A-Step-by Assembler Introduction}
\end_inset
Note that when some function is called from an interrupt service routine
it should be preceded by a #pragma\InsetSpace ~
nooverlay
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nooverlay}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nooverlay}
\end_inset
while the interrupt service routine might be active.
They also must not be called from low priority interrupt service routines
while a high priority interrupt service routine might be active.
- You could use semaphores or make the function
+ You could use semaphores or make the function
\emph on
- critical
+critical
\emph default
if all parameters are passed in registers.
\newline
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_critical}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_critical}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
#define CLI _asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
cli\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
\end_inset
- bit test and
-\emph on
-
-\emph default
-clear
-\emph on
-
-\emph default
-instruction.
+ bit test and clear instruction.
These type of instructions are typically used in preemptive multitasking
systems, where a routine f.e.
claims the use of a data structure ('acquires a lock
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_using (mcs51, ds390 register bank)}
\end_inset
\newline
\emph on
-(pending: Note, nowadays the
+(pending: Note, nowadays the
\emph default
-using
+ using
\emph on
- attribute has an effect on
+attribute has an effect on
\emph default
\emph on
-the generated code for a
+the generated code for a
\emph default
-non-interrupt
+ non-interrupt
\emph on
- function
+function
\emph default
.
\emph on
called crt<something>.
Only the necessary ones are linked, for instance crtxstack.asm (GSINIT1,
- GSINIT5) is not linked unless the --xstack option is used.
+ GSINIT5) is not linked unless the -
+\series bold
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\series default
+-xstack option is used.
These modules are highly entangled by the use of special segments/areas,
but a common layout is shown below:
\end_layout
One of these modules (crtstart.asm) contains a call to the C routine
\emph on
_sdcc_external_startup()
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_sdcc\_external\_startup()}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_sdcc\\_external\\_startup()}
\end_inset
-\series bold
\emph default
-
-\series default
-at the start of the CODE area.
+ at the start of the CODE area.
This routine is also in the runtime library
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Runtime library}
\end_inset
-iram-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-iram-size <Value>}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-iram-size <Value>}
\end_inset
opt
\emph default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-xinit-opt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-xinit-opt}
\end_inset
-main-return
\emph default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-main-return}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-main-return}
\end_inset
-no-std-crt0
\emph default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-no-std-crt0}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-no-std-crt0}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_far (storage class)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_far (storage class)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_at}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_at}
\end_inset
\end_inset
about
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\series bold
- volatile
+volatile
+\family default
\series default
- */
+
+\family typewriter
+*/
\newline
\newline
\InsetSpace ~
if( head != (unsigned char)(tail-1)
)\InsetSpace ~
-/* cast
+/* cast
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\series bold
needed
+\family default
\series default
- to avoid promotion
+
+\family typewriter
+to avoid promotion
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{promotion to signed int}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_asm}
\end_inset
r2,dpl
\newline
;buffer.c if( head != (unsigned char)(tail-1) ) \InsetSpace ~
-/* cast
+/* cast
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\series bold
needed
+\family default
\series default
- to avoid promotion
+
+\family typewriter
+to avoid promotion
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{promotion to signed int}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_asm}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
The compiler does not do any validation of the code within the
\family typewriter
_asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_asm}
\end_inset
_endasm
\size footnotesize
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-
\emph on
peep-asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-peep-asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-peep-asm}
\end_inset
A special keyword may be associated with a function declaring it as
\emph on
_naked
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_naked}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_naked}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_naked}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_naked}
\end_inset
.
-
+
\emph default
-The
+ The
\emph on
_naked
\emph default
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_interrupt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_interrupt}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_asm}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Verse
\family typewriter
-Note, this is an
+Note, this is an
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\emph on
outdated
+\family default
\emph default
- example, recent versions of SDCC generate
+
+\family typewriter
+example, recent versions of SDCC generate
\newline
-the
+the
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\emph on
same
+\family default
\emph default
- code for simpleInterrupt() and nakedInterrupt()!
+
+\family typewriter
+code for simpleInterrupt() and nakedInterrupt()!
\newline
\newline
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
-pu
-sh\InsetSpace ~
+pus
+h\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\begin_layout Standard
The related directive #pragma exclude
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma exclude}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma exclude}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC allows the use of in-line assembler with a few restrictions regarding
labels.
- In older versions of the compiler all labels defined within inline assembler
- code had to be of the form
+ All labels defined within inline assembler code have to be of the form
+
\emph on
nnnnn$
\emph default
)
\noun default
.
+\begin_inset Foot
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+This is a slightly more stringent rule than absolutely necessary, but stays
+ always on the safe side.
+ Labels in the form of nnnnn$ are local labels in the assembler, locality
+ of which is confined within two labels of the standard form.
+ The compiler uses the same form for labels within a function (but starting
+ from nnnnn=00100); and places always a standard label at the beginning
+ of a function, thus limiting the locality of labels within the scope of
+ the function.
+ So, if the inline assembler part would be embedded into C-code, an improperly
+ placed non-local label in the assembler would break up the reference space
+ for labels created by the compiler for the C-code, leading to an assembling
+ error.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+The numeric part of local labels does not need to have 5 digits (although
+ this is the form of labels output by the compiler), any valid integer will
+ do.
+ Please refer to the assemblers documentation for further details.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
\end_layout
\family typewriter
_asm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_asm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_asm}
\end_inset
b,00001$
\newline
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
-ljmp $0003
+ljmp 0003$
\newline
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
/* inline assembler cannot reference this
label */
+\begin_inset Foot
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Here, the C-label
+\family typewriter
+clabel
+\family default
+ is translated by the compiler into a local label, so the locality of labels
+ within the function is not broken.
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
\newline
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
-$0003: ;label (can be referenced by inline assembler only)
-
+0003$: ;label (can be referenced by inline assembler only)
\newline
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
_endasm
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_endasm}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_endasm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_endasm}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-
+
\emph default
-and
+ and
\emph on
- ACC
+ACC
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ACC (mcs51, ds390 register)}
\end_inset
\emph default
- to pass the first parameter to a function, and also to pass the return
- value
+ to pass the first (non-bit) parameter to a function, and also to pass the
+ return value
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{return value}
\end_inset
\emph on
DPL
\emph default
-,
+,
\emph on
- B
+B
\emph default
and
\emph on
\end_inset
-stack-auto is used) or in data/xdata memory (depending on the memory model).
-
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Bit parameters are passed in a virtual register called 'bits' in bit-addressable
+ space for reentrant functions or allocated directly in bit memory otherwise.
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+Functions (with two or more parameters or bit parameters) that are called
+ through function pointers
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{function pointers}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ must therefor be reentrant so the compiler knows how to pass the parameters.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_inset
-callee-saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-callee-saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-callee-saves}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-int-long-reent
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-int-long-reent}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-int-long-reent}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-
+
\family default
-and
+ and
\family typewriter
putchar()
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{putchar()}
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The default
+The default
\family typewriter
- printf()
+printf()
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf()}
\end_inset
\family default
- implementation in
+ implementation in
\family typewriter
- printf_large.c
+printf_large.c
\family default
does not support float (except on ds390).
To enable this recompile it with the option
\end_inset
DUSE_FLOATS=1
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{USE\_FLOATS}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{USE\\_FLOATS}
\end_inset
\emph default
on the command line.
- Use
+ Use
\emph on
- -
+-
\begin_inset ERT
status collapsed
\end_inset
-model-large
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-model-large}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-model-large}
\end_inset
If you're short on code memory you might want to use
\family typewriter
printf_small()
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\_small()}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\\_small()}
\end_inset
\emph on
instead
\emph default
- of
+ of
\family typewriter
- printf().
+printf().
\family default
For the mcs51 there additionally are assembly versions
\family typewriter
printf_tiny()
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\_tiny() (mcs51)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\\_tiny() (mcs51)}
\end_inset
(subset of printf using less than 270 bytes) and
\family typewriter
printf_fast()
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\_fast() (mcs51)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\\_fast() (mcs51)}
\end_inset
-
+
\family default
-and
+ and
\family typewriter
- printf_fast_f()
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\_fast\_f() (mcs51)}
+printf_fast_f()
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{printf\\_fast\\_f() (mcs51)}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-xstack option
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-xstack}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-xstack}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
save
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma save}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma save}
\end_inset
restore
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma restore}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma restore}
\end_inset
callee_saves
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma callee\_saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma callee\\_saves}
\end_inset
), the function names specified in #pragma\InsetSpace ~
callee_saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma callee\_saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma callee\\_saves}
\end_inset
exclude
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma exclude}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma exclude}
\end_inset
To enable the normal register saving for ISR functions use #pragma\InsetSpace ~
exclude\InsetSpace ~
none
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma exclude}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma exclude}
\end_inset
.
See also the related keyword _naked
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_naked}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_naked}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_naked}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_naked}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma less\_pedantic}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma less\\_pedantic}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-- the compiler will not warn you anymore for obvious mistakes, you'r on
+- the compiler will not warn you anymore for obvious mistakes, you're on
your own now ;-( .
See also the command line option -
\begin_inset ERT
disable_warning
\series default
<nnnn>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma disable\_warning}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma disable\\_warning}
\end_inset
nogcse
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nogcse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nogcse}
\end_inset
noinduction
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinduction}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinduction}
\end_inset
noinvariant
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinvariant}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinvariant}
\end_inset
noiv
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noiv}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noiv}
\end_inset
nojtbound
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nojtbound}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nojtbound}
\end_inset
noloopreverse
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noloopreverse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noloopreverse}
\end_inset
nooverlay
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nooverlay}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nooverlay}
\end_inset
stackauto
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma stackauto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma stackauto}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
opt_code_speed
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma opt\_code\_speed}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma opt\\_code\\_speed}
\end_inset
opt_code_size
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma opt\_code\_size}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma opt\\_code\\_size}
\end_inset
opt_code_balanced
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma opt\_code\_balanced}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma opt\\_code\\_balanced}
\end_inset
std_sdcc89
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma std\_sdcc89}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma std\\_sdcc89}
\end_inset
std_c89
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma std\_c89}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma std\\_c89}
\end_inset
std_sdcc99
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma std\_sdcc99}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma std\\_sdcc99}
\end_inset
std_c99
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma std\_c99}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma std\\_c99}
\end_inset
codeseg
\series default
<name>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma codeseg}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma codeseg}
\end_inset
constseg
\series default
<name>
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma constseg}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma constseg}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma pedantic\_parse\_number}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma pedantic\\_parse\\_number}
\end_inset
\newline
Below is an example on how to use this pragma.
-
+
\emph on
- Note: this functionality is not in conformance with standard!
+Note: this functionality is not in conformance with standard!
\end_layout
\begin_layout Verse
\family typewriter
#pragma pedantic_parse_number +
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma pedantic\_parse\_number}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma pedantic\\_parse\\_number}
\end_inset
preproc_asm
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma preproc\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma preproc\\_asm}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
#pragma preproc_asm -
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma preproc\_asm}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma preproc\\_asm}
\end_inset
sdcc_hash
\series default
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma sdcc\_hash}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma sdcc\\_hash}
\end_inset
#pragma preproc_asm +
\newline
#pragma sdcc_hash +
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma sdcc\_hash}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma sdcc\\_hash}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
#pragma save
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma save}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma save}
\end_inset
/* save the current settings */
\newline
#pragma nogcse
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nogcse}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nogcse}
\end_inset
/* turnoff global subexpression elimination */
\newline
#pragma noinduction
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinduction}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinduction}
\end_inset
}
\newline
#pragma restore
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma restore}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma restore}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The compiler will generate a warning message when extra space is allocated.
- It is strongly recommended that the save and restore pragma's be used when
+ It is strongly recommended that the save and restore pragmas be used when
changing options for a function.
\newline
\begin_layout Standard
The compiler creates the following #defines
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#defines}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#defines}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_mcs51
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_mcs51}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_mcs51}
\end_inset
or SDCC_ds390
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_ds390}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_ds390}
\end_inset
or SDCC_z80
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_z80}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_z80}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
__mcs51
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_mcs51}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_mcs51}
\end_inset
, __ds390
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_ds390}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_ds390}
\end_inset
, __hc08
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_hc08}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_hc08}
\end_inset
, __z80
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_z80}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_z80}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_STACK_AUTO
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_STACK\_AUTO}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_STACK\\_AUTO}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_MODEL_SMALL
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_MODEL\_SMALL}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_MODEL\\_SMALL}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_MODEL_MEDIUM
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_MODEL\_MEDIUM}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_MODEL\\_MEDIUM}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_MODEL_LARGE
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_MODEL\_LARGE}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_MODEL\\_LARGE}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_USE_XSTACK
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_USE\_XSTACK}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_USE\\_XSTACK}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_STACK_TENBIT
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_STACK\_TENBIT}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_STACK\\_TENBIT}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
SDCC_MODEL_FLAT24
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\_MODEL\_FLAT24}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC\\_MODEL\\_FLAT24}
\end_inset
should define an sfr with the name _XPAGE
\family typewriter
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_XPAGE (mcs51)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_XPAGE (mcs51)}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
-The PIC14 port
-\end_layout
+The PIC14
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14}
-\begin_layout Standard
-The PIC14 port adds support for Microchip(TM)'s 14
-\begin_inset ERT
-status open
+\end_inset
+
+ port
+\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
+The PIC14 port adds support for Microchip
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Microchip}
+\end_inset
-\backslash
-,
-\end_layout
+\begin_inset Formula $^{\text{TM}}$
\end_inset
-bit PIC
+ PIC
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14}
\end_inset
- MCUs.
+
+\begin_inset Formula $^{\text{TM}}$
+\end_inset
+
+ MCUs with 14 bit wide instructions.
This port is not yet mature and still lacks many features.
However, it can work for simple code.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
And as for any 8 bit micro (especially for PIC14 as they have a very simple
- instruction set), use 'unsigned char' wherever possible instead of 'int'.
+ instruction set), use `unsigned char' wherever possible instead of `int'.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsection
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-For the interrupt function, use the keyword '__interrupt'
+For the interrupt function, use the keyword `__interrupt'
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!interrupt}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-Please note that indentations within a
+Please note that indentations within a
\family typewriter
- Makefile
+Makefile
\family default
have to be done with a tabulator character.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-debug-xtra
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-debug-extra}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\\/-debug-extra}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-no-pcode-opt
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-no-pcode-opt}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\\/-no-pcode-opt}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-loc
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-stack-loc}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\\/-stack-loc}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-stack-size
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\/-stack-size}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC14!Options!-\\/-stack-size}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsubsection
-error: missing definition for symbol
-\begin_inset Quotes sld
-\end_inset
-
-__gptrget1
-\begin_inset Quotes srd
-\end_inset
-
-
+error: missing definition for symbol ``__gptrget1''
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Subsubsection
-Processor mismatch in file
-\begin_inset Quotes sld
-\end_inset
-
-XXX
-\begin_inset Quotes srd
-\end_inset
-
-.
+Processor mismatch in file ``XXX''.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-The PIC16
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16}
+The PIC16 port adds support for Microchip
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Microchip}
\end_inset
- port is the portion of SDCC that is responsible to produce code for the
- Microchip
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Microchip}
+\begin_inset Formula $^{\text{TM}}$
\end_inset
-(TM) microcontrollers with 16 bit core.
- Currently this family of microcontrollers contains the PIC18Fxxx and PIC18Fxxxx.
- Currently supported devices are:
+ PIC
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_inset Formula $^{\text{TM}}$
+\end_inset
+
+ MCUs with 16 bit wide instructions.
+ Currently this family of microcontrollers contains the PIC18Fxxx and PIC18Fxxxx
+; devices supported by the port include:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-18F: 2220, 2221, 2320, 2321, 2331, 2431, 2455, 2525, 2550, 2620
+18F: 2220, 2221, 2320, 2321, 2331, 2431, 2455, 24j10, 2525, 2550, 25j10,
+ 2620
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-18F: 4220, 4221, 4320, 4321, 4331, 4431, 4455, 4520, 4525, 4550, 4620
+18F: 4220, 4221, 4320, 4321, 4331, 4431, 4455, 44j10, 4520, 4525, 4550,
+ 45j10, 4620
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
\end_inset
-callee-saves
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Options!-\/-callee-saves}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Options!-\\/-callee-saves}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-fommit-frame-pointer
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Options!-\/-fommit-frame-pointer}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Options!-\\/-fommit-frame-pointer}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-debug
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-debug}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-debug}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Description
stack
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Pragmas!\#pragma stack}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Pragmas!\\#pragma stack}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Description
code
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Pragmas!\#pragma code}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{PIC16!Pragmas!\\#pragma code}
\end_inset
Address of the specific interrupt.
This is not a problem for the LOW priority interrupts, but it is a problem
for the RESET and the HIGH priority interrupts because code may be written
- at the next interrupt´s vector address and cause undeterminate program
+ at the next interrupt's vector address and cause undeterminate program
behaviour if that interrupt is raised.
\begin_inset Foot
status open
\end_layout
\begin_layout Enumerate
-when the ISR is small enough not to reach the next interrupt´s vector address.
+when the ISR is small enough not to reach the next interrupt's vector address.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\emph on
n
\emph default
- is possible to be omitted.
+ may be omitted.
This way a function is generated similar to an ISR, but it is not assigned
to any interrupt.
\end_layout
The FILE type is actually a generic pointer which defines one more type
of generic pointers, the
\emph on
-stream
+stream
\emph default
-pointer.
+ pointer.
This new type has the format:
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
In order to increase performance
\emph on
-putchar
+putchar
\emph default
-is declared in stdio.h as having its parameter in WREG (it has the wparam
+ is declared in stdio.h as having its parameter in WREG (it has the wparam
keyword).
In stdio.h exists the macro PUTCHAR(arg) that defines the putchar function
in a user-friendly way.
\begin_layout Standard
For sprintf and vsprintf
\emph on
-buf
+buf
\emph default
-should normally be a data pointer where the resulting string will be placed.
+ should normally be a data pointer where the resulting string will be placed.
No range checking is done so the user should allocate the necessery buffer.
For fprintf and vfprintf
\emph on
\labelwidthstring 00.00.0000
\series medium
-SIGHANDLER(handler)
+SIGHANDLER(handler)
\series default
-this declares the function prototype for the
+ this declares the function prototype for the
\emph on
handler
\emph default
\end_inset
-debug
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-debug}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-debug}
\end_inset
\newline
\family typewriter
-(load-file sdcdbsrc.el)
+(load-file sdcdbsrc.el)
\family default
-
+
\newline
\newline
more often than other compilers.
Eventually insert explicit casts to
\family typewriter
-(char)
+(char)
\family default
-or
+ or
\family typewriter
- (unsigned char)
+(unsigned char)
\family default
.
Also check that the ~\InsetSpace ~
operator
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\~\/ Operator}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\~\\/ Operator}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Itemize
check for differences in printf parameters (some compilers push (va_arg
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{vararg, va\_arg}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{vararg, va\\_arg}
\end_inset
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Standard
-You're reading it right now
+You're reading it right now
\emph on
- \InsetSpace ~
+\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\begin_inset Text
\begin_layout Standard
-sdcc/Changelog
+sdcc/Changelog
\emph on
- \InsetSpace ~
+\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\emph default
\bar default
\noun default
-f
+f
\emph on
- \InsetSpace ~
+\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\InsetSpace ~
\end_inset
-dumpall
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-dumpall}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-dumpall}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-\series default
-
\family default
-will do.
+\series default
+ will do.
\end_layout
\begin_layout Section
The output of
\family sans
\series bold
-sdcc --version
+sdcc -
+\family default
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status open
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family sans
+-version
\family default
\series default
or the filenames of the snapshot versions of SDCC include date and its
\end_inset
.
- A release wiki
+ The SDCC Wiki
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{wiki}
\end_inset
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Release wiki}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{SDCC Wiki}
\end_inset
at
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sf.net/release_wiki/}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.wiki.sourceforge.net/}
\end_inset
You'll find some small examples in the directory
\emph on
sdcc/device/examples/.
-
+
\emph default
-More examples and libraries are available at
+ More examples and libraries are available at
\emph on
- The SDCC Open Knowledge Resource
+The SDCC Open Knowledge Resource
\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdccokr.dl9sec.de/}
\end_inset
-
+
\emph default
-web site or at
+ web site or at
\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://www.pjrc.com/tech/8051/}
\end_inset
\emph on
loop invariant
\emph default
- lifting and
+ lifting and
\emph on
- strength reduction
+strength reduction
\emph default
of loop induction variables.
In addition to the strength reduction the optimizer marks the induction
-noinduction option) or for a given function only using #pragma\InsetSpace ~
noinduction
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma noinduction}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma noinduction}
\end_inset
\begin_layout Standard
The pragma nojtbound
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\#pragma nojtbound}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\#pragma nojtbound}
\end_inset
...
\newline
-i = ((i << 1) | (i >> 7));
+i = ((i << 1) | (i >> 7));
\family default
-
+
\newline
\family typewriter
...
\newline
-i = ((i << 4) | (i >> 4));
+i = ((i << 4) | (i >> 4));
\family default
-
+
\newline
\family typewriter
\end_inset
--datapointer
-\emph on
-
-\emph default
-so little-endian is the more efficient byte order.
+-datapointer so little-endian is the more efficient byte order.
\end_layout
\end_inset
\end_inset
-peep-file
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-peep-file}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-peep-file}
\end_inset
replace { ljmp %1 } by { ajmp %1 }
\end_layout
+\begin_layout Standard
+(NOTE: from version 2.7.3 on, you can use option -
+\emph on
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status collapsed
+
+\begin_layout Standard
+
+
+\backslash
+/
+\end_layout
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\emph default
+-acall-ajmp
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{ajmp}
+
+\end_inset
+
+, which also takes care of aligning the interrupt vectors properly.)
+\newline
+
+\end_layout
+
\begin_layout Standard
The
\emph on
Currently implemented are
\emph on
labelInRange, labelRefCount, labelIsReturnOnly, operandsNotSame, xramMovcOption,
- 24bitMode, portIsDS390, 24bitModeAndPortDS390
+ 24bitMode, portIsDS390, 24bitModeAndPortDS390
\emph default
-and
+ and
\emph on
- notVolatile
+notVolatile
\emph default
.
\end_layout
\end_inset
-stack-auto
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-stack-auto}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-stack-auto}
\end_inset
\series bold
struct
+\family default
\series default
- s foo1 (
+
+\family typewriter
+s foo1 (
\series bold
struct
+\family default
\series default
- s parms) /* invalid in SDCC although allowed in ANSI */
+
+\family typewriter
+s parms) /* invalid in SDCC although allowed in ANSI */
\newline
{
\newline
\begin_layout Itemize
Old K&R style
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{K\&R style}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{K\\&R style}
\end_inset
\family typewriter
foo(i,j) /* this old style of function declarations */
\newline
-int i,j; /* are valid
+int i,j; /* is valid
in ANSI but not valid in SDCC */
\newline
{
\end_deeper
\begin_layout Itemize
-Most enhancements in C99 are not supported, f.e.:
+Most enhancements in C99 are not supported, e.g.:
+\end_layout
+
+\begin_deeper
+\begin_layout Verse
+
+\family typewriter
+for (
+\series bold
+int
+\family default
+\series default
+
+\family typewriter
+i=0; i<10; i++) /* is invalid in SDCC although allowed in C99 */
+\end_layout
+
+\end_deeper
+\begin_layout Itemize
+But some have been added recently in SDCC 2.7.0.
+ They must be considered alpha quality however.
\end_layout
\begin_deeper
\end_inset
+\family default
\series default
- int increment (int a) { return a+1; } /* is invalid in SDCC although allowed
- in C99.
- An empty define
-\emph on
-#define inline
-\emph default
- can be used as a work around */
-\newline
-
+
+\family typewriter
+int increment (int a) { return a+1; } /* inlines the increment without function
+ call overhead */
\newline
-for (
+int *
+\family default
+
+\family typewriter
\series bold
-int
+restrict
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{inline (not supported)}
+
+\end_inset
+
+
+\family default
\series default
- i=0; i<10; i++) /* is invalid in SDCC although allowed in C99 */
+
+\family typewriter
+p; /* accepted but ignored */
\end_layout
\end_deeper
\end_inset
-std-c89
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-c89}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-c89}
\end_inset
\end_inset
-std-c99
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\/-std-c99}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{-\\/-std-c99}
\end_inset
'_naked'.
Compliant equivalents of these keywords are always available in a form
that begin with two underscores
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\_\_ (prefix for extended keywords)}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{\\_\\_ (prefix for extended keywords)}
\end_inset
\end_layout
\begin_layout Standard
-More information is available in a wiki
+More information is available on SDCC Wiki
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{wiki}
\end_inset
(preliminary link
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/release_wiki/index.php?page=SDCC+internals+and+porting}
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \url{http://sdcc.wiki.sourceforge.net/SDCC+internals+and+porting}
\end_inset
\shape italic
This is an excerpt from an article published in Circuit Cellar Magazine
- in
+ in
+\shape default
+
\series bold
+\shape italic
August 2000
\series default
.
\shape slanted
\size footnotesize
see f.e.
+
+\shape default
\family typewriter
+\shape slanted
gen51Code()
\family default
- in
+\shape default
+
+\shape slanted
+in
+\shape default
+
\family typewriter
+\shape slanted
src/mcs51/gen.c
\end_layout
projects / fw / sdcc / blobdiff