Some commands accept parameters which in most cases can be numbers. Numbers can be entered in C-style form. If the number begins whith 0x or 0X it is interpreted as a hexadecimal number. If it begins with 0 followed by digits it is interpreted as octal number. In other cases it is interpreted as decimal number.
Every command which changes content of ROM area such as l, dl or sc deletes result of code analyzer and causes to
re-analyze the code.
show c|w
This command can be used to list licensing information. If c
option has given, the license is listed. It is first 10 point of the
version 2 of GNU Genral Public License. Using w parameter the
command prints out last 2 point of the license ("NO WARRANTY"
message). If you do not accept GPL simply do not use the program.
download,dl
Download command. It is same as load above but it
reads information from command console which is standard input by
default. This command stops read records when it detects an "END"
record which is normaly the last record. This command has two
equivalent forms download and dl.
$ s51 -V ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > do :03000000020003F8 :1000030075812078207600D8FC900000AE83AF8203 :100013009000001200416005E4F0A380F690009F79 :1000230012004A9000A312004A9000A712006890A1 :1000330000AD12006875D0001200B50200B3EF6581 :10004300827003EE658322E493F8740193F97402DA :1000530093FE740393F5828E83E869700122E4931F :10006300F6A30880F4E493FC740193FD740293FEF9 :10007300740393FF740493F8740593F582888312D1 :100083000041700122E493A3A883A9828C838D820B :10009300F0A3AC83AD828883898280E3212100B5FC :1000A300212100B5000000B500B5000000B500B582 :0200B30080FECD :1000B5007520117501AA850120750102850120228F :00000001FF 197 bytes loaded >
Note that if -Z option was used at invokation then the quit command does not terminate the simulator program. In this case kill command can be used to terminate the simulator. See for more information about using multiple consoles.
$ s51 ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > q $
$ s51 -V remoansi.hex ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 58659 bytes read from remoansi.hex > dr 000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 000000 00 . ACC= 0x00 0 . B= 0x00 DPTR= 0x0000 @DPTR= 0x00 0 . 000000 00 . PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0 000000 02 01 60 LJMP 0160 > s 2 000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 000000 00 . ACC= 0x00 0 . B= 0x00 DPTR= 0x0000 @DPTR= 0x00 0 . 000000 00 . PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0 000160 c2 90 CLR P1.0 000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 000000 00 . ACC= 0x00 0 . B= 0x00 DPTR= 0x0000 @DPTR= 0x00 0 . 000000 00 . PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0 000162 c2 97 CLR P1.7 > res > dr 000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ 000000 00 . ACC= 0x00 0 . B= 0x00 DPTR= 0x0000 @DPTR= 0x00 0 . 000000 00 . PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0 000000 02 01 60 LJMP 0160 >
$ s51 remoansi.hex ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 58659 bytes read from remoansi.hex > g Simulation started, PC=0x000000 Stop at 00019c: (7) User stopped F 00019c > si 20 Dani DAni 000014 44 61 6e 69 44 41 6e 69 DaniDAni > wi dani 000014 44 61 6e 69 Dani 000018 44 41 6e 69 DAni > Wi Dani 000014 44 61 6e 69 Dani > wi dani\0 000018 44 41 6e 69 00 DAni. >
$ s51 -V ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > gopt verbose TRUE Verbose flag. stopit FALSE Stop if interrupt accepted. debug FALSE Debug flag. > gopt stopit stopit FALSE Stop if interrupt accepted. >This version of the simulator knows about three options. First element of the list is name of the option (verbose, debug and stopit). This name can be used to identify the option in gopt and sopt command. Second element of the list is the value of the option. In this case type of both options is boolean, their value can be TRUE or FALSE. Third element is a short description of the option.
$ s51 -V ucsim 0.2.24, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > gopt verbose TRUE Verbose flag. stopit FALSE Stop if interrupt accepted. debug FALSE Debug messages appears on this console. > sopt debug t > gopt verbose TRUE Verbose flag. stopit FALSE Stop if interrupt accepted. debug TRUE Debug messages appears on this console. >
> conf ucsim version 0.2.37 Type of microcontroller: 51 CMOS Controller has 8 hardware element(s). timer0[0] timer1[1] uart[0] port[0] port[1] port[2] port[3] irq[0] Memories: ROM size= 0x010000 65536 XRAM size= 0x010000 65536 IRAM size= 0x000100 256 SFR size= 0x000100 256 >First line contains version number of the program. Second line informs about type of the simulated microcontroller. Third line prints out how many hardware elements are simulated. Following lines contain information about memories. Note that size of the simulated memory segment can be bigger than size of addressable part of the memory as you see above SFR type of the memory has bigger simulated than addressable size.
> state CPU state= OK PC= 0x004349 XTAL= 1.10592e+07 Total time since last reset= 0.614873 sec (6800004 clks) Time in isr = 0.0144227 sec (159504 clks) 2.3% Time in idle= 0 sec (0 clks) 0% Max value of stack pointer= 0x000049, avg= 0x000026 >The "CPU state" in the first line is an internal information. PC is value of the program counter. First line shows XTAL frequency too.
Following lines contain information about simulated time. First, full simulated time (elapsed from last reset) is printed out in seconds and number of clock periods then same data is printed out about time spent in interrupt service routines as well as in idle mode. Last data in lines of ISR and IDLE time shows ratio of ISRs, Idle times and main program.
Last line infroms about maximum value of the stack pointer and a
"not very well" calculated average value of it.
file,load "FILE"
Loads file named FILE into the simulated code memory. File must
contain data in Intel HEX format.
> file "../../remo.hex" 55470 words read from ../../remo.hex >Don't forget to enclose file name in quotes to make the parameter to be a string.
info breakpoints
info registers
info hardware
info breakpoints
This subcommand prints out information about breakpoints:
> b 12 Breakpoint 1 at 0x00000c: MOV R7,A > tb 43 Breakpoint 2 at 0x00002b: MOV R7,A > bse ws f 0x80 > i b Num Type Disp Hit Cnt Address What 1 fetch keep 1 1 0x00000c MOV R7,A 2 fetch del 1 1 0x00002b MOV R7,A 1 event keep 1 1 0x000080 ws >As you see above, the command can be shortened to "i b". The list of breakpoints contains 7 columns:
$ s51 remoansi.hex ucsim 0.2.12, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 58659 bytes read from remoansi.hex > sopt stopit 1 > g 5 * 000023 02 01 1c LJMP 011c > i r 000000 18 02 16 ba 00 02 00 0a ........ 000018 4a J ACC= 0x0a 10 . B= 0x00 DPTR= 0x16ba @DPTR= 0x00 0 . 000002 16 . PSW= 0x00 CY=0 AC=0 OV=0 P=0 * 000023 02 01 1c LJMP 011c >In first line the actual register bank is dumped out. Register banks reside in internal RAM, address at the begining of the line shows start address of actual register bank selected by RS0 and RS1 bits of PSW register.
Next two lines begin with value of indirectly addressed internal RAM cells. Second line shows IRAM cell pointed by R0 while third line shows IRAM addressed by R1.
Second line displays some important registers. First one is the accumulator. Its value dumped out in hexadecimal, decimal form and then the ASCII character of its value. It is followed by value of the B register which is dumped out in hexadecimal form only. Next is DPTR register in hexadecimal and then external RAM cell which is addressed by DPTR. This is dumped out in hexadecimal, decimal and ASCII too.
In third line you find program status word in hexadecimal and then some flag bits of PSW register. Last line is disassembled instruction at PC.
$ savr test_arith.hex ucsim 0.2.37, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > 83 words read from test_arith.hex 83 words read from test_arith.hex > run Stop at 0x000047: (105) User stopped F 0x000047 > i r 000000 00 2c 21 23 20 35 19 14 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .,!# 5.......... 000010 00 01 1e 89 01 00 10 e2 14 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 ................ ITHSVNZC SREG= 0x03 3 . 00000011 SP = 0x000000 X= 0x1001 [X]= 0x00 0 . Y= 0x0000 [Y]= 0x00 0 . Z= 0x0000 [Z]= 0x00 0 . * 000047 940c 0047 jmp 0x000047 >First two lines show first 32 bytes of internal RAM which is the register set of AVR controllers.
At the beginning of next two lines bits of status register are printed. These lines present hexadecimal, decimal and ASCII values of the status register too, and value of the stack pointer.
Following line shows indirect addressing registers X, Y, and Z as well as pointed memory values.
Last line is disassembled instruction ap PC.
info hardware|hw cathegory [id]
This subcommand prints out information about a unit of the
controller. Cathegory can be:
$ s51 -t 51 ucsim 0.2.36, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > i h t timer0[0] 0x0000 13 bit timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 timer1[1] 0x0000 13 bit timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 >Timer #2 differs a little bit from other timers of MCS51:
$ s51 -t 52 ucsim 0.2.36, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > i h t timer0[0] 0x0000 13 bit timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 timer1[1] 0x0000 13 bit timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 timer2[2] 0x0000 reload 0x0000 timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 >
If the controller contains more than one unit of a cathegory, then optional id parameter can be used to select a specific one. If id is not used then information is printed about all units belonging to specified cathegory.
> i h t 1 timer1[1] 0x0000 13 bit timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 >It is possible that there is no unit belonging to some cathegory. It is also possible that the specific unit exists but information command of that unit is not implemented, in this case you have to check SFRs of the unit...
> i h pca >Information you can get about units of MCS51 controllers:
$ s51 -t 251 ucsim 0.2.37, Copyright (C) 1997 Daniel Drotos, Talker Bt. ucsim comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. > g Simulation started, PC=0x000000 Stop at 0x000023: (105) User stopped F 0x000023 > i h t timer0[0] 0xaa8d 16 bit timer ON irq=0 en prio=0 timer1[1] 0xfdff 8 bit autoreload timer ON irq=1 dis prio=0 timer2[2] 0x0000 reload 0x0000 timer OFF irq=0 dis prio=0 > i h u uart[0] 8 bit UART timer clocked MultiProc=none irq=en prio=1 Receiver ON RB8=1 irq=0 Transmitter TB8=1 irq=1 > i h po port[0] P0 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value in SFR register) Pin0 11111111 0xff 255 . (Output of outside circuits) Port0 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value on the port pins) port[1] P1 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value in SFR register) Pin1 11111111 0xff 255 . (Output of outside circuits) Port1 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value on the port pins) port[2] P2 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value in SFR register) Pin2 11111111 0xff 255 . (Output of outside circuits) Port2 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value on the port pins) port[3] P3 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value in SFR register) Pin3 11111111 0xff 255 . (Output of outside circuits) Port3 11111111 0xff 255 . (Value on the port pins) > i h i Interrupts are enabled. Interrupt sources: Handler En Pr Req Act Name 0x000003 en 1 no act external #0 0x00000b en 0 no act timer #0 0x000013 en 1 no act external #1 0x00001b dis 0 YES act timer #1 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA counter 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA module #0 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA module #1 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA module #2 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA module #3 0x000033 dis 0 no act PCA module #4 0x000023 en 1 YES act serial transmit 0x000023 en 1 no act serial receive 0x00002b dis 0 no act timer #2 TF2 0x00002b dis 0 no act timer #2 EXF2 Active interrupt service(s): Pr Handler PC Source 1 0x000023 0x003672 serial transmit >
> tim a 3 > tim g 0 timer #0("time") ON: 0.463255 sec (5123232 clks) timer #0("isr") ON: 0.0051888 sec (57384 clks) timer #3("unnamed") ON: 0 sec (0 clks) > tim a "a" > tim g 0 timer #0("time") ON: 0.463255 sec (5123232 clks) timer #0("isr") ON: 0.0051888 sec (57384 clks) timer #1("a") ON: 0 sec (0 clks) timer #3("unnamed") ON: 0 sec (0 clks) >If you use 0 as timer id in "get" operation, simulator prints out value of all timers including predefined ones.