3 ## This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
4 ## Failure to use 'visudo' may result in syntax or file permission errors
5 ## that prevent sudo from running.
7 ## See the sudoers man page for the details on how to write a sudoers file.
11 ## Host alias specification
13 ## Groups of machines. These may include host names (optionally with wildcards),
14 ## IP addresses, network numbers or netgroups.
15 # Host_Alias WEBSERVERS = www1, www2, www3
18 ## User alias specification
20 ## Groups of users. These may consist of user names, uids, Unix groups,
22 # User_Alias ADMINS = millert, dowdy, mikef
25 ## Cmnd alias specification
27 ## Groups of commands. Often used to group related commands together.
28 # Cmnd_Alias PROCESSES = /usr/bin/nice, /bin/kill, /usr/bin/renice, \
29 # /usr/bin/pkill, /usr/bin/top
32 ## Defaults specification
34 ## You may wish to keep some of the following environment variables
35 ## when running commands via sudo.
38 # Defaults env_keep += "LANG LANGUAGE LINGUAS LC_* _XKB_CHARSET"
40 ## Run X applications through sudo; HOME is used to find the
41 ## .Xauthority file. Note that other programs use HOME to find
42 ## configuration files and this may lead to privilege escalation!
43 # Defaults env_keep += "HOME"
45 ## X11 resource path settings
46 # Defaults env_keep += "XAPPLRESDIR XFILESEARCHPATH XUSERFILESEARCHPATH"
48 ## Desktop path settings
49 # Defaults env_keep += "QTDIR KDEDIR"
51 ## Allow sudo-run commands to inherit the callers' ConsoleKit session
52 # Defaults env_keep += "XDG_SESSION_COOKIE"
54 ## Uncomment to enable special input methods. Care should be taken as
55 ## this may allow users to subvert the command being run via sudo.
56 # Defaults env_keep += "XMODIFIERS GTK_IM_MODULE QT_IM_MODULE QT_IM_SWITCHER"
58 ## Uncomment to enable logging of a command's output, except for
59 ## sudoreplay and reboot. Use sudoreplay to play back logged sessions.
61 # Defaults!/usr/bin/sudoreplay !log_output
62 # Defaults!/usr/local/bin/sudoreplay !log_output
63 # Defaults!/sbin/reboot !log_output
66 ## Runas alias specification
70 ## User privilege specification
74 ## Uncomment to allow members of group wheel to execute any command
75 # %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
77 ## Same thing without a password
78 # %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
80 ## Uncomment to allow members of group sudo to execute any command
83 ## Uncomment to allow any user to run sudo if they know the password
84 ## of the user they are running the command as (root by default).
85 # Defaults targetpw # Ask for the password of the target user
86 # ALL ALL=(ALL) ALL # WARNING: only use this together with 'Defaults targetpw'
88 ## Read drop-in files from @sysconfdir@/sudoers.d
89 ## (the '#' here does not indicate a comment)
90 #includedir @sysconfdir@/sudoers.d