1 /***************************************************************************
2 * Copyright (C) 2005 by Dominic Rath *
3 * Dominic.Rath@gmx.de *
5 * Copyright (C) 2007-2010 Øyvind Harboe *
6 * oyvind.harboe@zylin.com *
8 * Copyright (C) 2008, Duane Ellis *
9 * openocd@duaneeellis.com *
11 * Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver *
12 * spen@spen-soft.co.uk *
14 * Copyright (C) 2008 by Rick Altherr *
15 * kc8apf@kc8apf.net> *
17 * Copyright (C) 2011 by Broadcom Corporation *
18 * Evan Hunter - ehunter@broadcom.com *
20 * Copyright (C) ST-Ericsson SA 2011 *
21 * michel.jaouen@stericsson.com : smp minimum support *
23 * Copyright (C) 2011 Andreas Fritiofson *
24 * andreas.fritiofson@gmail.com *
26 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify *
27 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
28 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or *
29 * (at your option) any later version. *
31 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
32 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
33 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
34 * GNU General Public License for more details. *
36 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License *
37 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
38 ***************************************************************************/
44 #include <helper/time_support.h>
45 #include <jtag/jtag.h>
46 #include <flash/nor/core.h>
49 #include "target_type.h"
50 #include "target_request.h"
51 #include "breakpoints.h"
55 #include "rtos/rtos.h"
56 #include "transport/transport.h"
59 /* default halt wait timeout (ms) */
60 #define DEFAULT_HALT_TIMEOUT 5000
62 static int target_read_buffer_default(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
63 uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer);
64 static int target_write_buffer_default(struct target *target, target_addr_t address,
65 uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer);
66 static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, struct target *target,
67 int argc, Jim_Obj * const *argv);
68 static int target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, struct target *target,
69 int argc, Jim_Obj * const *argv);
70 static int target_register_user_commands(struct command_context *cmd_ctx);
71 static int target_get_gdb_fileio_info_default(struct target *target,
72 struct gdb_fileio_info *fileio_info);
73 static int target_gdb_fileio_end_default(struct target *target, int retcode,
74 int fileio_errno, bool ctrl_c);
75 static int target_profiling_default(struct target *target, uint32_t *samples,
76 uint32_t max_num_samples, uint32_t *num_samples, uint32_t seconds);
79 extern struct target_type arm7tdmi_target;
80 extern struct target_type arm720t_target;
81 extern struct target_type arm9tdmi_target;
82 extern struct target_type arm920t_target;
83 extern struct target_type arm966e_target;
84 extern struct target_type arm946e_target;
85 extern struct target_type arm926ejs_target;
86 extern struct target_type fa526_target;
87 extern struct target_type feroceon_target;
88 extern struct target_type dragonite_target;
89 extern struct target_type xscale_target;
90 extern struct target_type cortexm_target;
91 extern struct target_type cortexa_target;
92 extern struct target_type aarch64_target;
93 extern struct target_type cortexr4_target;
94 extern struct target_type arm11_target;
95 extern struct target_type ls1_sap_target;
96 extern struct target_type mips_m4k_target;
97 extern struct target_type avr_target;
98 extern struct target_type dsp563xx_target;
99 extern struct target_type dsp5680xx_target;
100 extern struct target_type testee_target;
101 extern struct target_type avr32_ap7k_target;
102 extern struct target_type hla_target;
103 extern struct target_type nds32_v2_target;
104 extern struct target_type nds32_v3_target;
105 extern struct target_type nds32_v3m_target;
106 extern struct target_type or1k_target;
107 extern struct target_type quark_x10xx_target;
108 extern struct target_type quark_d20xx_target;
109 extern struct target_type stm8_target;
110 extern struct target_type riscv_target;
111 extern struct target_type mem_ap_target;
112 extern struct target_type esirisc_target;
114 static struct target_type *target_types[] = {
154 struct target *all_targets;
155 static struct target_event_callback *target_event_callbacks;
156 static struct target_timer_callback *target_timer_callbacks;
157 LIST_HEAD(target_reset_callback_list);
158 LIST_HEAD(target_trace_callback_list);
159 static const int polling_interval = 100;
161 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_assert[] = {
162 { .name = "assert", NVP_ASSERT },
163 { .name = "deassert", NVP_DEASSERT },
164 { .name = "T", NVP_ASSERT },
165 { .name = "F", NVP_DEASSERT },
166 { .name = "t", NVP_ASSERT },
167 { .name = "f", NVP_DEASSERT },
168 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 }
171 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_error_target[] = {
172 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_INVALID, .name = "err-invalid" },
173 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_INIT_FAILED, .name = "err-init-failed" },
174 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT, .name = "err-timeout" },
175 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED, .name = "err-not-halted" },
176 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_FAILURE, .name = "err-failure" },
177 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS , .name = "err-unaligned-access" },
178 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_DATA_ABORT , .name = "err-data-abort" },
179 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE , .name = "err-resource-not-available" },
180 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_TRANSLATION_FAULT , .name = "err-translation-fault" },
181 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_NOT_RUNNING, .name = "err-not-running" },
182 { .value = ERROR_TARGET_NOT_EXAMINED, .name = "err-not-examined" },
183 { .value = -1, .name = NULL }
186 static const char *target_strerror_safe(int err)
190 n = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_error_target, err);
197 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_event[] = {
199 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_HALT, .name = "gdb-halt" },
200 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_HALTED, .name = "halted" },
201 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUMED, .name = "resumed" },
202 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_START, .name = "resume-start" },
203 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_END, .name = "resume-end" },
205 { .name = "gdb-start", .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_START },
206 { .name = "gdb-end", .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_END },
208 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_START, .name = "reset-start" },
209 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_ASSERT_PRE, .name = "reset-assert-pre" },
210 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_ASSERT, .name = "reset-assert" },
211 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_ASSERT_POST, .name = "reset-assert-post" },
212 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_DEASSERT_PRE, .name = "reset-deassert-pre" },
213 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_DEASSERT_POST, .name = "reset-deassert-post" },
214 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_INIT, .name = "reset-init" },
215 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_RESET_END, .name = "reset-end" },
217 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_START, .name = "examine-start" },
218 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_END, .name = "examine-end" },
220 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_HALTED, .name = "debug-halted" },
221 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_DEBUG_RESUMED, .name = "debug-resumed" },
223 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_ATTACH, .name = "gdb-attach" },
224 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_DETACH, .name = "gdb-detach" },
226 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_WRITE_START, .name = "gdb-flash-write-start" },
227 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_WRITE_END , .name = "gdb-flash-write-end" },
229 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_ERASE_START, .name = "gdb-flash-erase-start" },
230 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_GDB_FLASH_ERASE_END , .name = "gdb-flash-erase-end" },
232 { .value = TARGET_EVENT_TRACE_CONFIG, .name = "trace-config" },
234 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 }
237 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_state[] = {
238 { .name = "unknown", .value = TARGET_UNKNOWN },
239 { .name = "running", .value = TARGET_RUNNING },
240 { .name = "halted", .value = TARGET_HALTED },
241 { .name = "reset", .value = TARGET_RESET },
242 { .name = "debug-running", .value = TARGET_DEBUG_RUNNING },
243 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
246 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_debug_reason[] = {
247 { .name = "debug-request" , .value = DBG_REASON_DBGRQ },
248 { .name = "breakpoint" , .value = DBG_REASON_BREAKPOINT },
249 { .name = "watchpoint" , .value = DBG_REASON_WATCHPOINT },
250 { .name = "watchpoint-and-breakpoint", .value = DBG_REASON_WPTANDBKPT },
251 { .name = "single-step" , .value = DBG_REASON_SINGLESTEP },
252 { .name = "target-not-halted" , .value = DBG_REASON_NOTHALTED },
253 { .name = "program-exit" , .value = DBG_REASON_EXIT },
254 { .name = "exception-catch" , .value = DBG_REASON_EXC_CATCH },
255 { .name = "undefined" , .value = DBG_REASON_UNDEFINED },
256 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
259 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_target_endian[] = {
260 { .name = "big", .value = TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN },
261 { .name = "little", .value = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN },
262 { .name = "be", .value = TARGET_BIG_ENDIAN },
263 { .name = "le", .value = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN },
264 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 },
267 static const Jim_Nvp nvp_reset_modes[] = {
268 { .name = "unknown", .value = RESET_UNKNOWN },
269 { .name = "run" , .value = RESET_RUN },
270 { .name = "halt" , .value = RESET_HALT },
271 { .name = "init" , .value = RESET_INIT },
272 { .name = NULL , .value = -1 },
275 const char *debug_reason_name(struct target *t)
279 cp = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_debug_reason,
280 t->debug_reason)->name;
282 LOG_ERROR("Invalid debug reason: %d", (int)(t->debug_reason));
283 cp = "(*BUG*unknown*BUG*)";
288 const char *target_state_name(struct target *t)
291 cp = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state, t->state)->name;
293 LOG_ERROR("Invalid target state: %d", (int)(t->state));
294 cp = "(*BUG*unknown*BUG*)";
297 if (!target_was_examined(t) && t->defer_examine)
298 cp = "examine deferred";
303 const char *target_event_name(enum target_event event)
306 cp = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_event, event)->name;
308 LOG_ERROR("Invalid target event: %d", (int)(event));
309 cp = "(*BUG*unknown*BUG*)";
314 const char *target_reset_mode_name(enum target_reset_mode reset_mode)
317 cp = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_reset_modes, reset_mode)->name;
319 LOG_ERROR("Invalid target reset mode: %d", (int)(reset_mode));
320 cp = "(*BUG*unknown*BUG*)";
325 /* determine the number of the new target */
326 static int new_target_number(void)
331 /* number is 0 based */
335 if (x < t->target_number)
336 x = t->target_number;
342 /* read a uint64_t from a buffer in target memory endianness */
343 uint64_t target_buffer_get_u64(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer)
345 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
346 return le_to_h_u64(buffer);
348 return be_to_h_u64(buffer);
351 /* read a uint32_t from a buffer in target memory endianness */
352 uint32_t target_buffer_get_u32(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer)
354 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
355 return le_to_h_u32(buffer);
357 return be_to_h_u32(buffer);
360 /* read a uint24_t from a buffer in target memory endianness */
361 uint32_t target_buffer_get_u24(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer)
363 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
364 return le_to_h_u24(buffer);
366 return be_to_h_u24(buffer);
369 /* read a uint16_t from a buffer in target memory endianness */
370 uint16_t target_buffer_get_u16(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer)
372 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
373 return le_to_h_u16(buffer);
375 return be_to_h_u16(buffer);
378 /* write a uint64_t to a buffer in target memory endianness */
379 void target_buffer_set_u64(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint64_t value)
381 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
382 h_u64_to_le(buffer, value);
384 h_u64_to_be(buffer, value);
387 /* write a uint32_t to a buffer in target memory endianness */
388 void target_buffer_set_u32(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t value)
390 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
391 h_u32_to_le(buffer, value);
393 h_u32_to_be(buffer, value);
396 /* write a uint24_t to a buffer in target memory endianness */
397 void target_buffer_set_u24(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t value)
399 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
400 h_u24_to_le(buffer, value);
402 h_u24_to_be(buffer, value);
405 /* write a uint16_t to a buffer in target memory endianness */
406 void target_buffer_set_u16(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint16_t value)
408 if (target->endianness == TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
409 h_u16_to_le(buffer, value);
411 h_u16_to_be(buffer, value);
414 /* write a uint8_t to a buffer in target memory endianness */
415 static void target_buffer_set_u8(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t value)
420 /* write a uint64_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
421 void target_buffer_get_u64_array(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, uint64_t *dstbuf)
424 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
425 dstbuf[i] = target_buffer_get_u64(target, &buffer[i * 8]);
428 /* write a uint32_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
429 void target_buffer_get_u32_array(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, uint32_t *dstbuf)
432 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
433 dstbuf[i] = target_buffer_get_u32(target, &buffer[i * 4]);
436 /* write a uint16_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
437 void target_buffer_get_u16_array(struct target *target, const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, uint16_t *dstbuf)
440 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
441 dstbuf[i] = target_buffer_get_u16(target, &buffer[i * 2]);
444 /* write a uint64_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
445 void target_buffer_set_u64_array(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, const uint64_t *srcbuf)
448 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
449 target_buffer_set_u64(target, &buffer[i * 8], srcbuf[i]);
452 /* write a uint32_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
453 void target_buffer_set_u32_array(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, const uint32_t *srcbuf)
456 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
457 target_buffer_set_u32(target, &buffer[i * 4], srcbuf[i]);
460 /* write a uint16_t array to a buffer in target memory endianness */
461 void target_buffer_set_u16_array(struct target *target, uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, const uint16_t *srcbuf)
464 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
465 target_buffer_set_u16(target, &buffer[i * 2], srcbuf[i]);
468 /* return a pointer to a configured target; id is name or number */
469 struct target *get_target(const char *id)
471 struct target *target;
473 /* try as tcltarget name */
474 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
475 if (target_name(target) == NULL)
477 if (strcmp(id, target_name(target)) == 0)
481 /* It's OK to remove this fallback sometime after August 2010 or so */
483 /* no match, try as number */
485 if (parse_uint(id, &num) != ERROR_OK)
488 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
489 if (target->target_number == (int)num) {
490 LOG_WARNING("use '%s' as target identifier, not '%u'",
491 target_name(target), num);
499 /* returns a pointer to the n-th configured target */
500 struct target *get_target_by_num(int num)
502 struct target *target = all_targets;
505 if (target->target_number == num)
507 target = target->next;
513 struct target *get_current_target(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
515 struct target *target = get_current_target_or_null(cmd_ctx);
517 if (target == NULL) {
518 LOG_ERROR("BUG: current_target out of bounds");
525 struct target *get_current_target_or_null(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
527 return cmd_ctx->current_target_override
528 ? cmd_ctx->current_target_override
529 : cmd_ctx->current_target;
532 int target_poll(struct target *target)
536 /* We can't poll until after examine */
537 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
538 /* Fail silently lest we pollute the log */
542 retval = target->type->poll(target);
543 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
546 if (target->halt_issued) {
547 if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED)
548 target->halt_issued = false;
550 int64_t t = timeval_ms() - target->halt_issued_time;
551 if (t > DEFAULT_HALT_TIMEOUT) {
552 target->halt_issued = false;
553 LOG_INFO("Halt timed out, wake up GDB.");
554 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_GDB_HALT);
562 int target_halt(struct target *target)
565 /* We can't poll until after examine */
566 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
567 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
571 retval = target->type->halt(target);
572 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
575 target->halt_issued = true;
576 target->halt_issued_time = timeval_ms();
582 * Make the target (re)start executing using its saved execution
583 * context (possibly with some modifications).
585 * @param target Which target should start executing.
586 * @param current True to use the target's saved program counter instead
587 * of the address parameter
588 * @param address Optionally used as the program counter.
589 * @param handle_breakpoints True iff breakpoints at the resumption PC
590 * should be skipped. (For example, maybe execution was stopped by
591 * such a breakpoint, in which case it would be counterprodutive to
593 * @param debug_execution False if all working areas allocated by OpenOCD
594 * should be released and/or restored to their original contents.
595 * (This would for example be true to run some downloaded "helper"
596 * algorithm code, which resides in one such working buffer and uses
597 * another for data storage.)
599 * @todo Resolve the ambiguity about what the "debug_execution" flag
600 * signifies. For example, Target implementations don't agree on how
601 * it relates to invalidation of the register cache, or to whether
602 * breakpoints and watchpoints should be enabled. (It would seem wrong
603 * to enable breakpoints when running downloaded "helper" algorithms
604 * (debug_execution true), since the breakpoints would be set to match
605 * target firmware being debugged, not the helper algorithm.... and
606 * enabling them could cause such helpers to malfunction (for example,
607 * by overwriting data with a breakpoint instruction. On the other
608 * hand the infrastructure for running such helpers might use this
609 * procedure but rely on hardware breakpoint to detect termination.)
611 int target_resume(struct target *target, int current, target_addr_t address,
612 int handle_breakpoints, int debug_execution)
616 /* We can't poll until after examine */
617 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
618 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
622 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_START);
624 /* note that resume *must* be asynchronous. The CPU can halt before
625 * we poll. The CPU can even halt at the current PC as a result of
626 * a software breakpoint being inserted by (a bug?) the application.
628 retval = target->type->resume(target, current, address, handle_breakpoints, debug_execution);
629 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
632 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_RESUME_END);
637 static int target_process_reset(struct command_invocation *cmd, enum target_reset_mode reset_mode)
642 n = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_reset_modes, reset_mode);
643 if (n->name == NULL) {
644 LOG_ERROR("invalid reset mode");
648 struct target *target;
649 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next)
650 target_call_reset_callbacks(target, reset_mode);
652 /* disable polling during reset to make reset event scripts
653 * more predictable, i.e. dr/irscan & pathmove in events will
654 * not have JTAG operations injected into the middle of a sequence.
656 bool save_poll = jtag_poll_get_enabled();
658 jtag_poll_set_enabled(false);
660 sprintf(buf, "ocd_process_reset %s", n->name);
661 retval = Jim_Eval(cmd->ctx->interp, buf);
663 jtag_poll_set_enabled(save_poll);
665 if (retval != JIM_OK) {
666 Jim_MakeErrorMessage(cmd->ctx->interp);
667 command_print(cmd, "%s", Jim_GetString(Jim_GetResult(cmd->ctx->interp), NULL));
671 /* We want any events to be processed before the prompt */
672 retval = target_call_timer_callbacks_now();
674 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
675 target->type->check_reset(target);
676 target->running_alg = false;
682 static int identity_virt2phys(struct target *target,
683 target_addr_t virtual, target_addr_t *physical)
689 static int no_mmu(struct target *target, int *enabled)
695 static int default_examine(struct target *target)
697 target_set_examined(target);
701 /* no check by default */
702 static int default_check_reset(struct target *target)
707 int target_examine_one(struct target *target)
709 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_START);
711 int retval = target->type->examine(target);
712 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
715 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_EXAMINE_END);
720 static int jtag_enable_callback(enum jtag_event event, void *priv)
722 struct target *target = priv;
724 if (event != JTAG_TAP_EVENT_ENABLE || !target->tap->enabled)
727 jtag_unregister_event_callback(jtag_enable_callback, target);
729 return target_examine_one(target);
732 /* Targets that correctly implement init + examine, i.e.
733 * no communication with target during init:
737 int target_examine(void)
739 int retval = ERROR_OK;
740 struct target *target;
742 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
743 /* defer examination, but don't skip it */
744 if (!target->tap->enabled) {
745 jtag_register_event_callback(jtag_enable_callback,
750 if (target->defer_examine)
753 retval = target_examine_one(target);
754 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
760 const char *target_type_name(struct target *target)
762 return target->type->name;
765 static int target_soft_reset_halt(struct target *target)
767 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
768 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
771 if (!target->type->soft_reset_halt) {
772 LOG_ERROR("Target %s does not support soft_reset_halt",
773 target_name(target));
776 return target->type->soft_reset_halt(target);
780 * Downloads a target-specific native code algorithm to the target,
781 * and executes it. * Note that some targets may need to set up, enable,
782 * and tear down a breakpoint (hard or * soft) to detect algorithm
783 * termination, while others may support lower overhead schemes where
784 * soft breakpoints embedded in the algorithm automatically terminate the
787 * @param target used to run the algorithm
788 * @param arch_info target-specific description of the algorithm.
790 int target_run_algorithm(struct target *target,
791 int num_mem_params, struct mem_param *mem_params,
792 int num_reg_params, struct reg_param *reg_param,
793 uint32_t entry_point, uint32_t exit_point,
794 int timeout_ms, void *arch_info)
796 int retval = ERROR_FAIL;
798 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
799 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
802 if (!target->type->run_algorithm) {
803 LOG_ERROR("Target type '%s' does not support %s",
804 target_type_name(target), __func__);
808 target->running_alg = true;
809 retval = target->type->run_algorithm(target,
810 num_mem_params, mem_params,
811 num_reg_params, reg_param,
812 entry_point, exit_point, timeout_ms, arch_info);
813 target->running_alg = false;
820 * Executes a target-specific native code algorithm and leaves it running.
822 * @param target used to run the algorithm
823 * @param arch_info target-specific description of the algorithm.
825 int target_start_algorithm(struct target *target,
826 int num_mem_params, struct mem_param *mem_params,
827 int num_reg_params, struct reg_param *reg_params,
828 uint32_t entry_point, uint32_t exit_point,
831 int retval = ERROR_FAIL;
833 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
834 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
837 if (!target->type->start_algorithm) {
838 LOG_ERROR("Target type '%s' does not support %s",
839 target_type_name(target), __func__);
842 if (target->running_alg) {
843 LOG_ERROR("Target is already running an algorithm");
847 target->running_alg = true;
848 retval = target->type->start_algorithm(target,
849 num_mem_params, mem_params,
850 num_reg_params, reg_params,
851 entry_point, exit_point, arch_info);
858 * Waits for an algorithm started with target_start_algorithm() to complete.
860 * @param target used to run the algorithm
861 * @param arch_info target-specific description of the algorithm.
863 int target_wait_algorithm(struct target *target,
864 int num_mem_params, struct mem_param *mem_params,
865 int num_reg_params, struct reg_param *reg_params,
866 uint32_t exit_point, int timeout_ms,
869 int retval = ERROR_FAIL;
871 if (!target->type->wait_algorithm) {
872 LOG_ERROR("Target type '%s' does not support %s",
873 target_type_name(target), __func__);
876 if (!target->running_alg) {
877 LOG_ERROR("Target is not running an algorithm");
881 retval = target->type->wait_algorithm(target,
882 num_mem_params, mem_params,
883 num_reg_params, reg_params,
884 exit_point, timeout_ms, arch_info);
885 if (retval != ERROR_TARGET_TIMEOUT)
886 target->running_alg = false;
893 * Streams data to a circular buffer on target intended for consumption by code
894 * running asynchronously on target.
896 * This is intended for applications where target-specific native code runs
897 * on the target, receives data from the circular buffer, does something with
898 * it (most likely writing it to a flash memory), and advances the circular
901 * This assumes that the helper algorithm has already been loaded to the target,
902 * but has not been started yet. Given memory and register parameters are passed
905 * The buffer is defined by (buffer_start, buffer_size) arguments and has the
908 * [buffer_start + 0, buffer_start + 4):
909 * Write Pointer address (aka head). Written and updated by this
910 * routine when new data is written to the circular buffer.
911 * [buffer_start + 4, buffer_start + 8):
912 * Read Pointer address (aka tail). Updated by code running on the
913 * target after it consumes data.
914 * [buffer_start + 8, buffer_start + buffer_size):
915 * Circular buffer contents.
917 * See contrib/loaders/flash/stm32f1x.S for an example.
919 * @param target used to run the algorithm
920 * @param buffer address on the host where data to be sent is located
921 * @param count number of blocks to send
922 * @param block_size size in bytes of each block
923 * @param num_mem_params count of memory-based params to pass to algorithm
924 * @param mem_params memory-based params to pass to algorithm
925 * @param num_reg_params count of register-based params to pass to algorithm
926 * @param reg_params memory-based params to pass to algorithm
927 * @param buffer_start address on the target of the circular buffer structure
928 * @param buffer_size size of the circular buffer structure
929 * @param entry_point address on the target to execute to start the algorithm
930 * @param exit_point address at which to set a breakpoint to catch the
931 * end of the algorithm; can be 0 if target triggers a breakpoint itself
934 int target_run_flash_async_algorithm(struct target *target,
935 const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t count, int block_size,
936 int num_mem_params, struct mem_param *mem_params,
937 int num_reg_params, struct reg_param *reg_params,
938 uint32_t buffer_start, uint32_t buffer_size,
939 uint32_t entry_point, uint32_t exit_point, void *arch_info)
944 const uint8_t *buffer_orig = buffer;
946 /* Set up working area. First word is write pointer, second word is read pointer,
947 * rest is fifo data area. */
948 uint32_t wp_addr = buffer_start;
949 uint32_t rp_addr = buffer_start + 4;
950 uint32_t fifo_start_addr = buffer_start + 8;
951 uint32_t fifo_end_addr = buffer_start + buffer_size;
953 uint32_t wp = fifo_start_addr;
954 uint32_t rp = fifo_start_addr;
956 /* validate block_size is 2^n */
957 assert(!block_size || !(block_size & (block_size - 1)));
959 retval = target_write_u32(target, wp_addr, wp);
960 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
962 retval = target_write_u32(target, rp_addr, rp);
963 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
966 /* Start up algorithm on target and let it idle while writing the first chunk */
967 retval = target_start_algorithm(target, num_mem_params, mem_params,
968 num_reg_params, reg_params,
973 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
974 LOG_ERROR("error starting target flash write algorithm");
980 retval = target_read_u32(target, rp_addr, &rp);
981 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
982 LOG_ERROR("failed to get read pointer");
986 LOG_DEBUG("offs 0x%zx count 0x%" PRIx32 " wp 0x%" PRIx32 " rp 0x%" PRIx32,
987 (size_t) (buffer - buffer_orig), count, wp, rp);
990 LOG_ERROR("flash write algorithm aborted by target");
991 retval = ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
995 if (((rp - fifo_start_addr) & (block_size - 1)) || rp < fifo_start_addr || rp >= fifo_end_addr) {
996 LOG_ERROR("corrupted fifo read pointer 0x%" PRIx32, rp);
1000 /* Count the number of bytes available in the fifo without
1001 * crossing the wrap around. Make sure to not fill it completely,
1002 * because that would make wp == rp and that's the empty condition. */
1003 uint32_t thisrun_bytes;
1005 thisrun_bytes = rp - wp - block_size;
1006 else if (rp > fifo_start_addr)
1007 thisrun_bytes = fifo_end_addr - wp;
1009 thisrun_bytes = fifo_end_addr - wp - block_size;
1011 if (thisrun_bytes == 0) {
1012 /* Throttle polling a bit if transfer is (much) faster than flash
1013 * programming. The exact delay shouldn't matter as long as it's
1014 * less than buffer size / flash speed. This is very unlikely to
1015 * run when using high latency connections such as USB. */
1018 /* to stop an infinite loop on some targets check and increment a timeout
1019 * this issue was observed on a stellaris using the new ICDI interface */
1020 if (timeout++ >= 500) {
1021 LOG_ERROR("timeout waiting for algorithm, a target reset is recommended");
1022 return ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
1027 /* reset our timeout */
1030 /* Limit to the amount of data we actually want to write */
1031 if (thisrun_bytes > count * block_size)
1032 thisrun_bytes = count * block_size;
1034 /* Write data to fifo */
1035 retval = target_write_buffer(target, wp, thisrun_bytes, buffer);
1036 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1039 /* Update counters and wrap write pointer */
1040 buffer += thisrun_bytes;
1041 count -= thisrun_bytes / block_size;
1042 wp += thisrun_bytes;
1043 if (wp >= fifo_end_addr)
1044 wp = fifo_start_addr;
1046 /* Store updated write pointer to target */
1047 retval = target_write_u32(target, wp_addr, wp);
1048 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1051 /* Avoid GDB timeouts */
1055 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
1056 /* abort flash write algorithm on target */
1057 target_write_u32(target, wp_addr, 0);
1060 int retval2 = target_wait_algorithm(target, num_mem_params, mem_params,
1061 num_reg_params, reg_params,
1066 if (retval2 != ERROR_OK) {
1067 LOG_ERROR("error waiting for target flash write algorithm");
1071 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
1072 /* check if algorithm set rp = 0 after fifo writer loop finished */
1073 retval = target_read_u32(target, rp_addr, &rp);
1074 if (retval == ERROR_OK && rp == 0) {
1075 LOG_ERROR("flash write algorithm aborted by target");
1076 retval = ERROR_FLASH_OPERATION_FAILED;
1083 int target_read_memory(struct target *target,
1084 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
1086 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
1087 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
1090 if (!target->type->read_memory) {
1091 LOG_ERROR("Target %s doesn't support read_memory", target_name(target));
1094 return target->type->read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
1097 int target_read_phys_memory(struct target *target,
1098 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
1100 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
1101 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
1104 if (!target->type->read_phys_memory) {
1105 LOG_ERROR("Target %s doesn't support read_phys_memory", target_name(target));
1108 return target->type->read_phys_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
1111 int target_write_memory(struct target *target,
1112 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
1114 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
1115 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
1118 if (!target->type->write_memory) {
1119 LOG_ERROR("Target %s doesn't support write_memory", target_name(target));
1122 return target->type->write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
1125 int target_write_phys_memory(struct target *target,
1126 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
1128 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
1129 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
1132 if (!target->type->write_phys_memory) {
1133 LOG_ERROR("Target %s doesn't support write_phys_memory", target_name(target));
1136 return target->type->write_phys_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
1139 int target_add_breakpoint(struct target *target,
1140 struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
1142 if ((target->state != TARGET_HALTED) && (breakpoint->type != BKPT_HARD)) {
1143 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (add breakpoint)", target_name(target));
1144 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1146 return target->type->add_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
1149 int target_add_context_breakpoint(struct target *target,
1150 struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
1152 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1153 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (add context breakpoint)", target_name(target));
1154 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1156 return target->type->add_context_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
1159 int target_add_hybrid_breakpoint(struct target *target,
1160 struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
1162 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1163 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (add hybrid breakpoint)", target_name(target));
1164 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1166 return target->type->add_hybrid_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
1169 int target_remove_breakpoint(struct target *target,
1170 struct breakpoint *breakpoint)
1172 return target->type->remove_breakpoint(target, breakpoint);
1175 int target_add_watchpoint(struct target *target,
1176 struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
1178 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1179 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (add watchpoint)", target_name(target));
1180 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1182 return target->type->add_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
1184 int target_remove_watchpoint(struct target *target,
1185 struct watchpoint *watchpoint)
1187 return target->type->remove_watchpoint(target, watchpoint);
1189 int target_hit_watchpoint(struct target *target,
1190 struct watchpoint **hit_watchpoint)
1192 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1193 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (hit watchpoint)", target->cmd_name);
1194 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1197 if (target->type->hit_watchpoint == NULL) {
1198 /* For backward compatible, if hit_watchpoint is not implemented,
1199 * return ERROR_FAIL such that gdb_server will not take the nonsense
1204 return target->type->hit_watchpoint(target, hit_watchpoint);
1207 const char *target_get_gdb_arch(struct target *target)
1209 if (target->type->get_gdb_arch == NULL)
1211 return target->type->get_gdb_arch(target);
1214 int target_get_gdb_reg_list(struct target *target,
1215 struct reg **reg_list[], int *reg_list_size,
1216 enum target_register_class reg_class)
1218 int result = target->type->get_gdb_reg_list(target, reg_list,
1219 reg_list_size, reg_class);
1220 if (result != ERROR_OK) {
1227 int target_get_gdb_reg_list_noread(struct target *target,
1228 struct reg **reg_list[], int *reg_list_size,
1229 enum target_register_class reg_class)
1231 if (target->type->get_gdb_reg_list_noread &&
1232 target->type->get_gdb_reg_list_noread(target, reg_list,
1233 reg_list_size, reg_class) == ERROR_OK)
1235 return target_get_gdb_reg_list(target, reg_list, reg_list_size, reg_class);
1238 bool target_supports_gdb_connection(struct target *target)
1241 * based on current code, we can simply exclude all the targets that
1242 * don't provide get_gdb_reg_list; this could change with new targets.
1244 return !!target->type->get_gdb_reg_list;
1247 int target_step(struct target *target,
1248 int current, target_addr_t address, int handle_breakpoints)
1250 return target->type->step(target, current, address, handle_breakpoints);
1253 int target_get_gdb_fileio_info(struct target *target, struct gdb_fileio_info *fileio_info)
1255 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1256 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (gdb fileio)", target->cmd_name);
1257 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1259 return target->type->get_gdb_fileio_info(target, fileio_info);
1262 int target_gdb_fileio_end(struct target *target, int retcode, int fileio_errno, bool ctrl_c)
1264 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1265 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (gdb fileio end)", target->cmd_name);
1266 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1268 return target->type->gdb_fileio_end(target, retcode, fileio_errno, ctrl_c);
1271 target_addr_t target_address_max(struct target *target)
1273 unsigned bits = target_address_bits(target);
1274 if (sizeof(target_addr_t) * 8 == bits)
1275 return (target_addr_t) -1;
1277 return (((target_addr_t) 1) << bits) - 1;
1280 unsigned target_address_bits(struct target *target)
1282 if (target->type->address_bits)
1283 return target->type->address_bits(target);
1287 int target_profiling(struct target *target, uint32_t *samples,
1288 uint32_t max_num_samples, uint32_t *num_samples, uint32_t seconds)
1290 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
1291 LOG_WARNING("target %s is not halted (profiling)", target->cmd_name);
1292 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
1294 return target->type->profiling(target, samples, max_num_samples,
1295 num_samples, seconds);
1299 * Reset the @c examined flag for the given target.
1300 * Pure paranoia -- targets are zeroed on allocation.
1302 static void target_reset_examined(struct target *target)
1304 target->examined = false;
1307 static int handle_target(void *priv);
1309 static int target_init_one(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
1310 struct target *target)
1312 target_reset_examined(target);
1314 struct target_type *type = target->type;
1315 if (type->examine == NULL)
1316 type->examine = default_examine;
1318 if (type->check_reset == NULL)
1319 type->check_reset = default_check_reset;
1321 assert(type->init_target != NULL);
1323 int retval = type->init_target(cmd_ctx, target);
1324 if (ERROR_OK != retval) {
1325 LOG_ERROR("target '%s' init failed", target_name(target));
1329 /* Sanity-check MMU support ... stub in what we must, to help
1330 * implement it in stages, but warn if we need to do so.
1333 if (type->virt2phys == NULL) {
1334 LOG_ERROR("type '%s' is missing virt2phys", type->name);
1335 type->virt2phys = identity_virt2phys;
1338 /* Make sure no-MMU targets all behave the same: make no
1339 * distinction between physical and virtual addresses, and
1340 * ensure that virt2phys() is always an identity mapping.
1342 if (type->write_phys_memory || type->read_phys_memory || type->virt2phys)
1343 LOG_WARNING("type '%s' has bad MMU hooks", type->name);
1346 type->write_phys_memory = type->write_memory;
1347 type->read_phys_memory = type->read_memory;
1348 type->virt2phys = identity_virt2phys;
1351 if (target->type->read_buffer == NULL)
1352 target->type->read_buffer = target_read_buffer_default;
1354 if (target->type->write_buffer == NULL)
1355 target->type->write_buffer = target_write_buffer_default;
1357 if (target->type->get_gdb_fileio_info == NULL)
1358 target->type->get_gdb_fileio_info = target_get_gdb_fileio_info_default;
1360 if (target->type->gdb_fileio_end == NULL)
1361 target->type->gdb_fileio_end = target_gdb_fileio_end_default;
1363 if (target->type->profiling == NULL)
1364 target->type->profiling = target_profiling_default;
1369 static int target_init(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
1371 struct target *target;
1374 for (target = all_targets; target; target = target->next) {
1375 retval = target_init_one(cmd_ctx, target);
1376 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1383 retval = target_register_user_commands(cmd_ctx);
1384 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1387 retval = target_register_timer_callback(&handle_target,
1388 polling_interval, TARGET_TIMER_TYPE_PERIODIC, cmd_ctx->interp);
1389 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1395 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_target_init_command)
1400 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1402 static bool target_initialized;
1403 if (target_initialized) {
1404 LOG_INFO("'target init' has already been called");
1407 target_initialized = true;
1409 retval = command_run_line(CMD_CTX, "init_targets");
1410 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1413 retval = command_run_line(CMD_CTX, "init_target_events");
1414 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1417 retval = command_run_line(CMD_CTX, "init_board");
1418 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
1421 LOG_DEBUG("Initializing targets...");
1422 return target_init(CMD_CTX);
1425 int target_register_event_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1426 enum target_event event, void *priv), void *priv)
1428 struct target_event_callback **callbacks_p = &target_event_callbacks;
1430 if (callback == NULL)
1431 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1434 while ((*callbacks_p)->next)
1435 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
1436 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
1439 (*callbacks_p) = malloc(sizeof(struct target_event_callback));
1440 (*callbacks_p)->callback = callback;
1441 (*callbacks_p)->priv = priv;
1442 (*callbacks_p)->next = NULL;
1447 int target_register_reset_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1448 enum target_reset_mode reset_mode, void *priv), void *priv)
1450 struct target_reset_callback *entry;
1452 if (callback == NULL)
1453 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1455 entry = malloc(sizeof(struct target_reset_callback));
1456 if (entry == NULL) {
1457 LOG_ERROR("error allocating buffer for reset callback entry");
1458 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1461 entry->callback = callback;
1463 list_add(&entry->list, &target_reset_callback_list);
1469 int target_register_trace_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1470 size_t len, uint8_t *data, void *priv), void *priv)
1472 struct target_trace_callback *entry;
1474 if (callback == NULL)
1475 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1477 entry = malloc(sizeof(struct target_trace_callback));
1478 if (entry == NULL) {
1479 LOG_ERROR("error allocating buffer for trace callback entry");
1480 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1483 entry->callback = callback;
1485 list_add(&entry->list, &target_trace_callback_list);
1491 int target_register_timer_callback(int (*callback)(void *priv),
1492 unsigned int time_ms, enum target_timer_type type, void *priv)
1494 struct target_timer_callback **callbacks_p = &target_timer_callbacks;
1496 if (callback == NULL)
1497 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1500 while ((*callbacks_p)->next)
1501 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
1502 callbacks_p = &((*callbacks_p)->next);
1505 (*callbacks_p) = malloc(sizeof(struct target_timer_callback));
1506 (*callbacks_p)->callback = callback;
1507 (*callbacks_p)->type = type;
1508 (*callbacks_p)->time_ms = time_ms;
1509 (*callbacks_p)->removed = false;
1511 gettimeofday(&(*callbacks_p)->when, NULL);
1512 timeval_add_time(&(*callbacks_p)->when, 0, time_ms * 1000);
1514 (*callbacks_p)->priv = priv;
1515 (*callbacks_p)->next = NULL;
1520 int target_unregister_event_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1521 enum target_event event, void *priv), void *priv)
1523 struct target_event_callback **p = &target_event_callbacks;
1524 struct target_event_callback *c = target_event_callbacks;
1526 if (callback == NULL)
1527 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1530 struct target_event_callback *next = c->next;
1531 if ((c->callback == callback) && (c->priv == priv)) {
1543 int target_unregister_reset_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1544 enum target_reset_mode reset_mode, void *priv), void *priv)
1546 struct target_reset_callback *entry;
1548 if (callback == NULL)
1549 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1551 list_for_each_entry(entry, &target_reset_callback_list, list) {
1552 if (entry->callback == callback && entry->priv == priv) {
1553 list_del(&entry->list);
1562 int target_unregister_trace_callback(int (*callback)(struct target *target,
1563 size_t len, uint8_t *data, void *priv), void *priv)
1565 struct target_trace_callback *entry;
1567 if (callback == NULL)
1568 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1570 list_for_each_entry(entry, &target_trace_callback_list, list) {
1571 if (entry->callback == callback && entry->priv == priv) {
1572 list_del(&entry->list);
1581 int target_unregister_timer_callback(int (*callback)(void *priv), void *priv)
1583 if (callback == NULL)
1584 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
1586 for (struct target_timer_callback *c = target_timer_callbacks;
1588 if ((c->callback == callback) && (c->priv == priv)) {
1597 int target_call_event_callbacks(struct target *target, enum target_event event)
1599 struct target_event_callback *callback = target_event_callbacks;
1600 struct target_event_callback *next_callback;
1602 if (event == TARGET_EVENT_HALTED) {
1603 /* execute early halted first */
1604 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_GDB_HALT);
1607 LOG_DEBUG("target event %i (%s) for core %s", event,
1608 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_event, event)->name,
1609 target_name(target));
1611 target_handle_event(target, event);
1614 next_callback = callback->next;
1615 callback->callback(target, event, callback->priv);
1616 callback = next_callback;
1622 int target_call_reset_callbacks(struct target *target, enum target_reset_mode reset_mode)
1624 struct target_reset_callback *callback;
1626 LOG_DEBUG("target reset %i (%s)", reset_mode,
1627 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_reset_modes, reset_mode)->name);
1629 list_for_each_entry(callback, &target_reset_callback_list, list)
1630 callback->callback(target, reset_mode, callback->priv);
1635 int target_call_trace_callbacks(struct target *target, size_t len, uint8_t *data)
1637 struct target_trace_callback *callback;
1639 list_for_each_entry(callback, &target_trace_callback_list, list)
1640 callback->callback(target, len, data, callback->priv);
1645 static int target_timer_callback_periodic_restart(
1646 struct target_timer_callback *cb, struct timeval *now)
1649 timeval_add_time(&cb->when, 0, cb->time_ms * 1000L);
1653 static int target_call_timer_callback(struct target_timer_callback *cb,
1654 struct timeval *now)
1656 cb->callback(cb->priv);
1658 if (cb->type == TARGET_TIMER_TYPE_PERIODIC)
1659 return target_timer_callback_periodic_restart(cb, now);
1661 return target_unregister_timer_callback(cb->callback, cb->priv);
1664 static int target_call_timer_callbacks_check_time(int checktime)
1666 static bool callback_processing;
1668 /* Do not allow nesting */
1669 if (callback_processing)
1672 callback_processing = true;
1677 gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
1679 /* Store an address of the place containing a pointer to the
1680 * next item; initially, that's a standalone "root of the
1681 * list" variable. */
1682 struct target_timer_callback **callback = &target_timer_callbacks;
1684 if ((*callback)->removed) {
1685 struct target_timer_callback *p = *callback;
1686 *callback = (*callback)->next;
1691 bool call_it = (*callback)->callback &&
1692 ((!checktime && (*callback)->type == TARGET_TIMER_TYPE_PERIODIC) ||
1693 timeval_compare(&now, &(*callback)->when) >= 0);
1696 target_call_timer_callback(*callback, &now);
1698 callback = &(*callback)->next;
1701 callback_processing = false;
1705 int target_call_timer_callbacks(void)
1707 return target_call_timer_callbacks_check_time(1);
1710 /* invoke periodic callbacks immediately */
1711 int target_call_timer_callbacks_now(void)
1713 return target_call_timer_callbacks_check_time(0);
1716 /* Prints the working area layout for debug purposes */
1717 static void print_wa_layout(struct target *target)
1719 struct working_area *c = target->working_areas;
1722 LOG_DEBUG("%c%c " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "-" TARGET_ADDR_FMT " (%" PRIu32 " bytes)",
1723 c->backup ? 'b' : ' ', c->free ? ' ' : '*',
1724 c->address, c->address + c->size - 1, c->size);
1729 /* Reduce area to size bytes, create a new free area from the remaining bytes, if any. */
1730 static void target_split_working_area(struct working_area *area, uint32_t size)
1732 assert(area->free); /* Shouldn't split an allocated area */
1733 assert(size <= area->size); /* Caller should guarantee this */
1735 /* Split only if not already the right size */
1736 if (size < area->size) {
1737 struct working_area *new_wa = malloc(sizeof(*new_wa));
1742 new_wa->next = area->next;
1743 new_wa->size = area->size - size;
1744 new_wa->address = area->address + size;
1745 new_wa->backup = NULL;
1746 new_wa->user = NULL;
1747 new_wa->free = true;
1749 area->next = new_wa;
1752 /* If backup memory was allocated to this area, it has the wrong size
1753 * now so free it and it will be reallocated if/when needed */
1756 area->backup = NULL;
1761 /* Merge all adjacent free areas into one */
1762 static void target_merge_working_areas(struct target *target)
1764 struct working_area *c = target->working_areas;
1766 while (c && c->next) {
1767 assert(c->next->address == c->address + c->size); /* This is an invariant */
1769 /* Find two adjacent free areas */
1770 if (c->free && c->next->free) {
1771 /* Merge the last into the first */
1772 c->size += c->next->size;
1774 /* Remove the last */
1775 struct working_area *to_be_freed = c->next;
1776 c->next = c->next->next;
1777 if (to_be_freed->backup)
1778 free(to_be_freed->backup);
1781 /* If backup memory was allocated to the remaining area, it's has
1782 * the wrong size now */
1793 int target_alloc_working_area_try(struct target *target, uint32_t size, struct working_area **area)
1795 /* Reevaluate working area address based on MMU state*/
1796 if (target->working_areas == NULL) {
1800 retval = target->type->mmu(target, &enabled);
1801 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1805 if (target->working_area_phys_spec) {
1806 LOG_DEBUG("MMU disabled, using physical "
1807 "address for working memory " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
1808 target->working_area_phys);
1809 target->working_area = target->working_area_phys;
1811 LOG_ERROR("No working memory available. "
1812 "Specify -work-area-phys to target.");
1813 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
1816 if (target->working_area_virt_spec) {
1817 LOG_DEBUG("MMU enabled, using virtual "
1818 "address for working memory " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
1819 target->working_area_virt);
1820 target->working_area = target->working_area_virt;
1822 LOG_ERROR("No working memory available. "
1823 "Specify -work-area-virt to target.");
1824 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
1828 /* Set up initial working area on first call */
1829 struct working_area *new_wa = malloc(sizeof(*new_wa));
1831 new_wa->next = NULL;
1832 new_wa->size = target->working_area_size & ~3UL; /* 4-byte align */
1833 new_wa->address = target->working_area;
1834 new_wa->backup = NULL;
1835 new_wa->user = NULL;
1836 new_wa->free = true;
1839 target->working_areas = new_wa;
1842 /* only allocate multiples of 4 byte */
1844 size = (size + 3) & (~3UL);
1846 struct working_area *c = target->working_areas;
1848 /* Find the first large enough working area */
1850 if (c->free && c->size >= size)
1856 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
1858 /* Split the working area into the requested size */
1859 target_split_working_area(c, size);
1861 LOG_DEBUG("allocated new working area of %" PRIu32 " bytes at address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
1864 if (target->backup_working_area) {
1865 if (c->backup == NULL) {
1866 c->backup = malloc(c->size);
1867 if (c->backup == NULL)
1871 int retval = target_read_memory(target, c->address, 4, c->size / 4, c->backup);
1872 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1876 /* mark as used, and return the new (reused) area */
1883 print_wa_layout(target);
1888 int target_alloc_working_area(struct target *target, uint32_t size, struct working_area **area)
1892 retval = target_alloc_working_area_try(target, size, area);
1893 if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE)
1894 LOG_WARNING("not enough working area available(requested %"PRIu32")", size);
1899 static int target_restore_working_area(struct target *target, struct working_area *area)
1901 int retval = ERROR_OK;
1903 if (target->backup_working_area && area->backup != NULL) {
1904 retval = target_write_memory(target, area->address, 4, area->size / 4, area->backup);
1905 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1906 LOG_ERROR("failed to restore %" PRIu32 " bytes of working area at address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
1907 area->size, area->address);
1913 /* Restore the area's backup memory, if any, and return the area to the allocation pool */
1914 static int target_free_working_area_restore(struct target *target, struct working_area *area, int restore)
1916 int retval = ERROR_OK;
1922 retval = target_restore_working_area(target, area);
1923 /* REVISIT: Perhaps the area should be freed even if restoring fails. */
1924 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
1930 LOG_DEBUG("freed %" PRIu32 " bytes of working area at address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
1931 area->size, area->address);
1933 /* mark user pointer invalid */
1934 /* TODO: Is this really safe? It points to some previous caller's memory.
1935 * How could we know that the area pointer is still in that place and not
1936 * some other vital data? What's the purpose of this, anyway? */
1940 target_merge_working_areas(target);
1942 print_wa_layout(target);
1947 int target_free_working_area(struct target *target, struct working_area *area)
1949 return target_free_working_area_restore(target, area, 1);
1952 /* free resources and restore memory, if restoring memory fails,
1953 * free up resources anyway
1955 static void target_free_all_working_areas_restore(struct target *target, int restore)
1957 struct working_area *c = target->working_areas;
1959 LOG_DEBUG("freeing all working areas");
1961 /* Loop through all areas, restoring the allocated ones and marking them as free */
1965 target_restore_working_area(target, c);
1967 *c->user = NULL; /* Same as above */
1973 /* Run a merge pass to combine all areas into one */
1974 target_merge_working_areas(target);
1976 print_wa_layout(target);
1979 void target_free_all_working_areas(struct target *target)
1981 target_free_all_working_areas_restore(target, 1);
1983 /* Now we have none or only one working area marked as free */
1984 if (target->working_areas) {
1985 /* Free the last one to allow on-the-fly moving and resizing */
1986 free(target->working_areas->backup);
1987 free(target->working_areas);
1988 target->working_areas = NULL;
1992 /* Find the largest number of bytes that can be allocated */
1993 uint32_t target_get_working_area_avail(struct target *target)
1995 struct working_area *c = target->working_areas;
1996 uint32_t max_size = 0;
1999 return target->working_area_size;
2002 if (c->free && max_size < c->size)
2011 static void target_destroy(struct target *target)
2013 if (target->type->deinit_target)
2014 target->type->deinit_target(target);
2016 if (target->semihosting)
2017 free(target->semihosting);
2019 jtag_unregister_event_callback(jtag_enable_callback, target);
2021 struct target_event_action *teap = target->event_action;
2023 struct target_event_action *next = teap->next;
2024 Jim_DecrRefCount(teap->interp, teap->body);
2029 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
2031 /* release the targets SMP list */
2033 struct target_list *head = target->head;
2034 while (head != NULL) {
2035 struct target_list *pos = head->next;
2036 head->target->smp = 0;
2043 free(target->gdb_port_override);
2045 free(target->trace_info);
2046 free(target->fileio_info);
2047 free(target->cmd_name);
2051 void target_quit(void)
2053 struct target_event_callback *pe = target_event_callbacks;
2055 struct target_event_callback *t = pe->next;
2059 target_event_callbacks = NULL;
2061 struct target_timer_callback *pt = target_timer_callbacks;
2063 struct target_timer_callback *t = pt->next;
2067 target_timer_callbacks = NULL;
2069 for (struct target *target = all_targets; target;) {
2073 target_destroy(target);
2080 int target_arch_state(struct target *target)
2083 if (target == NULL) {
2084 LOG_WARNING("No target has been configured");
2088 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
2091 retval = target->type->arch_state(target);
2095 static int target_get_gdb_fileio_info_default(struct target *target,
2096 struct gdb_fileio_info *fileio_info)
2098 /* If target does not support semi-hosting function, target
2099 has no need to provide .get_gdb_fileio_info callback.
2100 It just return ERROR_FAIL and gdb_server will return "Txx"
2101 as target halted every time. */
2105 static int target_gdb_fileio_end_default(struct target *target,
2106 int retcode, int fileio_errno, bool ctrl_c)
2111 static int target_profiling_default(struct target *target, uint32_t *samples,
2112 uint32_t max_num_samples, uint32_t *num_samples, uint32_t seconds)
2114 struct timeval timeout, now;
2116 gettimeofday(&timeout, NULL);
2117 timeval_add_time(&timeout, seconds, 0);
2119 LOG_INFO("Starting profiling. Halting and resuming the"
2120 " target as often as we can...");
2122 uint32_t sample_count = 0;
2123 /* hopefully it is safe to cache! We want to stop/restart as quickly as possible. */
2124 struct reg *reg = register_get_by_name(target->reg_cache, "pc", 1);
2126 int retval = ERROR_OK;
2128 target_poll(target);
2129 if (target->state == TARGET_HALTED) {
2130 uint32_t t = buf_get_u32(reg->value, 0, 32);
2131 samples[sample_count++] = t;
2132 /* current pc, addr = 0, do not handle breakpoints, not debugging */
2133 retval = target_resume(target, 1, 0, 0, 0);
2134 target_poll(target);
2135 alive_sleep(10); /* sleep 10ms, i.e. <100 samples/second. */
2136 } else if (target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) {
2137 /* We want to quickly sample the PC. */
2138 retval = target_halt(target);
2140 LOG_INFO("Target not halted or running");
2145 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2148 gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
2149 if ((sample_count >= max_num_samples) || timeval_compare(&now, &timeout) >= 0) {
2150 LOG_INFO("Profiling completed. %" PRIu32 " samples.", sample_count);
2155 *num_samples = sample_count;
2159 /* Single aligned words are guaranteed to use 16 or 32 bit access
2160 * mode respectively, otherwise data is handled as quickly as
2163 int target_write_buffer(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, const uint8_t *buffer)
2165 LOG_DEBUG("writing buffer of %" PRIi32 " byte at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
2168 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2169 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2176 if ((address + size - 1) < address) {
2177 /* GDB can request this when e.g. PC is 0xfffffffc */
2178 LOG_ERROR("address + size wrapped (" TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", 0x%08" PRIx32 ")",
2184 return target->type->write_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
2187 static int target_write_buffer_default(struct target *target,
2188 target_addr_t address, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
2192 /* Align up to maximum 4 bytes. The loop condition makes sure the next pass
2193 * will have something to do with the size we leave to it. */
2194 for (size = 1; size < 4 && count >= size * 2 + (address & size); size *= 2) {
2195 if (address & size) {
2196 int retval = target_write_memory(target, address, size, 1, buffer);
2197 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2205 /* Write the data with as large access size as possible. */
2206 for (; size > 0; size /= 2) {
2207 uint32_t aligned = count - count % size;
2209 int retval = target_write_memory(target, address, size, aligned / size, buffer);
2210 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2221 /* Single aligned words are guaranteed to use 16 or 32 bit access
2222 * mode respectively, otherwise data is handled as quickly as
2225 int target_read_buffer(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
2227 LOG_DEBUG("reading buffer of %" PRIi32 " byte at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT,
2230 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2231 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2238 if ((address + size - 1) < address) {
2239 /* GDB can request this when e.g. PC is 0xfffffffc */
2240 LOG_ERROR("address + size wrapped (" TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", 0x%08" PRIx32 ")",
2246 return target->type->read_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
2249 static int target_read_buffer_default(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
2253 /* Align up to maximum 4 bytes. The loop condition makes sure the next pass
2254 * will have something to do with the size we leave to it. */
2255 for (size = 1; size < 4 && count >= size * 2 + (address & size); size *= 2) {
2256 if (address & size) {
2257 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, size, 1, buffer);
2258 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2266 /* Read the data with as large access size as possible. */
2267 for (; size > 0; size /= 2) {
2268 uint32_t aligned = count - count % size;
2270 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, size, aligned / size, buffer);
2271 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2282 int target_checksum_memory(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t* crc)
2287 uint32_t checksum = 0;
2288 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2289 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2293 retval = target->type->checksum_memory(target, address, size, &checksum);
2294 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
2295 buffer = malloc(size);
2296 if (buffer == NULL) {
2297 LOG_ERROR("error allocating buffer for section (%" PRId32 " bytes)", size);
2298 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
2300 retval = target_read_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
2301 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
2306 /* convert to target endianness */
2307 for (i = 0; i < (size/sizeof(uint32_t)); i++) {
2308 uint32_t target_data;
2309 target_data = target_buffer_get_u32(target, &buffer[i*sizeof(uint32_t)]);
2310 target_buffer_set_u32(target, &buffer[i*sizeof(uint32_t)], target_data);
2313 retval = image_calculate_checksum(buffer, size, &checksum);
2322 int target_blank_check_memory(struct target *target,
2323 struct target_memory_check_block *blocks, int num_blocks,
2324 uint8_t erased_value)
2326 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2327 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2331 if (target->type->blank_check_memory == NULL)
2332 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
2334 return target->type->blank_check_memory(target, blocks, num_blocks, erased_value);
2337 int target_read_u64(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint64_t *value)
2339 uint8_t value_buf[8];
2340 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2341 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2345 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 8, 1, value_buf);
2347 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
2348 *value = target_buffer_get_u64(target, value_buf);
2349 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%16.16" PRIx64 "",
2354 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " failed",
2361 int target_read_u32(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t *value)
2363 uint8_t value_buf[4];
2364 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2365 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2369 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf);
2371 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
2372 *value = target_buffer_get_u32(target, value_buf);
2373 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
2378 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " failed",
2385 int target_read_u16(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint16_t *value)
2387 uint8_t value_buf[2];
2388 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2389 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2393 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf);
2395 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
2396 *value = target_buffer_get_u16(target, value_buf);
2397 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%4.4" PRIx16,
2402 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " failed",
2409 int target_read_u8(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint8_t *value)
2411 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2412 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2416 int retval = target_read_memory(target, address, 1, 1, value);
2418 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
2419 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%2.2" PRIx8,
2424 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " failed",
2431 int target_write_u64(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint64_t value)
2434 uint8_t value_buf[8];
2435 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2436 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2440 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%16.16" PRIx64 "",
2444 target_buffer_set_u64(target, value_buf, value);
2445 retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 8, 1, value_buf);
2446 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2447 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2452 int target_write_u32(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t value)
2455 uint8_t value_buf[4];
2456 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2457 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2461 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
2465 target_buffer_set_u32(target, value_buf, value);
2466 retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf);
2467 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2468 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2473 int target_write_u16(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint16_t value)
2476 uint8_t value_buf[2];
2477 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2478 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2482 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%8.8" PRIx16,
2486 target_buffer_set_u16(target, value_buf, value);
2487 retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf);
2488 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2489 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2494 int target_write_u8(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint8_t value)
2497 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2498 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2502 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%2.2" PRIx8,
2505 retval = target_write_memory(target, address, 1, 1, &value);
2506 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2507 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2512 int target_write_phys_u64(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint64_t value)
2515 uint8_t value_buf[8];
2516 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2517 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2521 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%16.16" PRIx64 "",
2525 target_buffer_set_u64(target, value_buf, value);
2526 retval = target_write_phys_memory(target, address, 8, 1, value_buf);
2527 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2528 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2533 int target_write_phys_u32(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint32_t value)
2536 uint8_t value_buf[4];
2537 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2538 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2542 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "",
2546 target_buffer_set_u32(target, value_buf, value);
2547 retval = target_write_phys_memory(target, address, 4, 1, value_buf);
2548 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2549 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2554 int target_write_phys_u16(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint16_t value)
2557 uint8_t value_buf[2];
2558 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2559 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2563 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%8.8" PRIx16,
2567 target_buffer_set_u16(target, value_buf, value);
2568 retval = target_write_phys_memory(target, address, 2, 1, value_buf);
2569 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2570 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2575 int target_write_phys_u8(struct target *target, target_addr_t address, uint8_t value)
2578 if (!target_was_examined(target)) {
2579 LOG_ERROR("Target not examined yet");
2583 LOG_DEBUG("address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", value: 0x%2.2" PRIx8,
2586 retval = target_write_phys_memory(target, address, 1, 1, &value);
2587 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2588 LOG_DEBUG("failed: %i", retval);
2593 static int find_target(struct command_invocation *cmd, const char *name)
2595 struct target *target = get_target(name);
2596 if (target == NULL) {
2597 command_print(cmd, "Target: %s is unknown, try one of:\n", name);
2600 if (!target->tap->enabled) {
2601 command_print(cmd, "Target: TAP %s is disabled, "
2602 "can't be the current target\n",
2603 target->tap->dotted_name);
2607 cmd->ctx->current_target = target;
2608 if (cmd->ctx->current_target_override)
2609 cmd->ctx->current_target_override = target;
2615 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_targets_command)
2617 int retval = ERROR_OK;
2618 if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
2619 retval = find_target(CMD, CMD_ARGV[0]);
2620 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
2626 struct target *target = all_targets;
2627 command_print(CMD, " TargetName Type Endian TapName State ");
2628 command_print(CMD, "-- ------------------ ---------- ------ ------------------ ------------");
2633 if (target->tap->enabled)
2634 state = target_state_name(target);
2636 state = "tap-disabled";
2638 if (CMD_CTX->current_target == target)
2641 /* keep columns lined up to match the headers above */
2643 "%2d%c %-18s %-10s %-6s %-18s %s",
2644 target->target_number,
2646 target_name(target),
2647 target_type_name(target),
2648 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_endian,
2649 target->endianness)->name,
2650 target->tap->dotted_name,
2652 target = target->next;
2658 /* every 300ms we check for reset & powerdropout and issue a "reset halt" if so. */
2660 static int powerDropout;
2661 static int srstAsserted;
2663 static int runPowerRestore;
2664 static int runPowerDropout;
2665 static int runSrstAsserted;
2666 static int runSrstDeasserted;
2668 static int sense_handler(void)
2670 static int prevSrstAsserted;
2671 static int prevPowerdropout;
2673 int retval = jtag_power_dropout(&powerDropout);
2674 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2678 powerRestored = prevPowerdropout && !powerDropout;
2680 runPowerRestore = 1;
2682 int64_t current = timeval_ms();
2683 static int64_t lastPower;
2684 bool waitMore = lastPower + 2000 > current;
2685 if (powerDropout && !waitMore) {
2686 runPowerDropout = 1;
2687 lastPower = current;
2690 retval = jtag_srst_asserted(&srstAsserted);
2691 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2695 srstDeasserted = prevSrstAsserted && !srstAsserted;
2697 static int64_t lastSrst;
2698 waitMore = lastSrst + 2000 > current;
2699 if (srstDeasserted && !waitMore) {
2700 runSrstDeasserted = 1;
2704 if (!prevSrstAsserted && srstAsserted)
2705 runSrstAsserted = 1;
2707 prevSrstAsserted = srstAsserted;
2708 prevPowerdropout = powerDropout;
2710 if (srstDeasserted || powerRestored) {
2711 /* Other than logging the event we can't do anything here.
2712 * Issuing a reset is a particularly bad idea as we might
2713 * be inside a reset already.
2720 /* process target state changes */
2721 static int handle_target(void *priv)
2723 Jim_Interp *interp = (Jim_Interp *)priv;
2724 int retval = ERROR_OK;
2726 if (!is_jtag_poll_safe()) {
2727 /* polling is disabled currently */
2731 /* we do not want to recurse here... */
2732 static int recursive;
2736 /* danger! running these procedures can trigger srst assertions and power dropouts.
2737 * We need to avoid an infinite loop/recursion here and we do that by
2738 * clearing the flags after running these events.
2740 int did_something = 0;
2741 if (runSrstAsserted) {
2742 LOG_INFO("srst asserted detected, running srst_asserted proc.");
2743 Jim_Eval(interp, "srst_asserted");
2746 if (runSrstDeasserted) {
2747 Jim_Eval(interp, "srst_deasserted");
2750 if (runPowerDropout) {
2751 LOG_INFO("Power dropout detected, running power_dropout proc.");
2752 Jim_Eval(interp, "power_dropout");
2755 if (runPowerRestore) {
2756 Jim_Eval(interp, "power_restore");
2760 if (did_something) {
2761 /* clear detect flags */
2765 /* clear action flags */
2767 runSrstAsserted = 0;
2768 runSrstDeasserted = 0;
2769 runPowerRestore = 0;
2770 runPowerDropout = 0;
2775 /* Poll targets for state changes unless that's globally disabled.
2776 * Skip targets that are currently disabled.
2778 for (struct target *target = all_targets;
2779 is_jtag_poll_safe() && target;
2780 target = target->next) {
2782 if (!target_was_examined(target))
2785 if (!target->tap->enabled)
2788 if (target->backoff.times > target->backoff.count) {
2789 /* do not poll this time as we failed previously */
2790 target->backoff.count++;
2793 target->backoff.count = 0;
2795 /* only poll target if we've got power and srst isn't asserted */
2796 if (!powerDropout && !srstAsserted) {
2797 /* polling may fail silently until the target has been examined */
2798 retval = target_poll(target);
2799 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
2800 /* 100ms polling interval. Increase interval between polling up to 5000ms */
2801 if (target->backoff.times * polling_interval < 5000) {
2802 target->backoff.times *= 2;
2803 target->backoff.times++;
2806 /* Tell GDB to halt the debugger. This allows the user to
2807 * run monitor commands to handle the situation.
2809 target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_GDB_HALT);
2811 if (target->backoff.times > 0) {
2812 LOG_USER("Polling target %s failed, trying to reexamine", target_name(target));
2813 target_reset_examined(target);
2814 retval = target_examine_one(target);
2815 /* Target examination could have failed due to unstable connection,
2816 * but we set the examined flag anyway to repoll it later */
2817 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
2818 target->examined = true;
2819 LOG_USER("Examination failed, GDB will be halted. Polling again in %dms",
2820 target->backoff.times * polling_interval);
2825 /* Since we succeeded, we reset backoff count */
2826 target->backoff.times = 0;
2833 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_reg_command)
2835 struct target *target;
2836 struct reg *reg = NULL;
2842 target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
2844 /* list all available registers for the current target */
2845 if (CMD_ARGC == 0) {
2846 struct reg_cache *cache = target->reg_cache;
2852 command_print(CMD, "===== %s", cache->name);
2854 for (i = 0, reg = cache->reg_list;
2855 i < cache->num_regs;
2856 i++, reg++, count++) {
2857 if (reg->exist == false)
2859 /* only print cached values if they are valid */
2861 value = buf_to_str(reg->value,
2864 "(%i) %s (/%" PRIu32 "): 0x%s%s",
2872 command_print(CMD, "(%i) %s (/%" PRIu32 ")",
2877 cache = cache->next;
2883 /* access a single register by its ordinal number */
2884 if ((CMD_ARGV[0][0] >= '0') && (CMD_ARGV[0][0] <= '9')) {
2886 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(uint, CMD_ARGV[0], num);
2888 struct reg_cache *cache = target->reg_cache;
2892 for (i = 0; i < cache->num_regs; i++) {
2893 if (count++ == num) {
2894 reg = &cache->reg_list[i];
2900 cache = cache->next;
2904 command_print(CMD, "%i is out of bounds, the current target "
2905 "has only %i registers (0 - %i)", num, count, count - 1);
2909 /* access a single register by its name */
2910 reg = register_get_by_name(target->reg_cache, CMD_ARGV[0], 1);
2916 assert(reg != NULL); /* give clang a hint that we *know* reg is != NULL here */
2921 /* display a register */
2922 if ((CMD_ARGC == 1) || ((CMD_ARGC == 2) && !((CMD_ARGV[1][0] >= '0')
2923 && (CMD_ARGV[1][0] <= '9')))) {
2924 if ((CMD_ARGC == 2) && (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[1], "force") == 0))
2927 if (reg->valid == 0)
2928 reg->type->get(reg);
2929 value = buf_to_str(reg->value, reg->size, 16);
2930 command_print(CMD, "%s (/%i): 0x%s", reg->name, (int)(reg->size), value);
2935 /* set register value */
2936 if (CMD_ARGC == 2) {
2937 uint8_t *buf = malloc(DIV_ROUND_UP(reg->size, 8));
2940 str_to_buf(CMD_ARGV[1], strlen(CMD_ARGV[1]), buf, reg->size, 0);
2942 reg->type->set(reg, buf);
2944 value = buf_to_str(reg->value, reg->size, 16);
2945 command_print(CMD, "%s (/%i): 0x%s", reg->name, (int)(reg->size), value);
2953 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
2956 command_print(CMD, "register %s not found in current target", CMD_ARGV[0]);
2960 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_poll_command)
2962 int retval = ERROR_OK;
2963 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
2965 if (CMD_ARGC == 0) {
2966 command_print(CMD, "background polling: %s",
2967 jtag_poll_get_enabled() ? "on" : "off");
2968 command_print(CMD, "TAP: %s (%s)",
2969 target->tap->dotted_name,
2970 target->tap->enabled ? "enabled" : "disabled");
2971 if (!target->tap->enabled)
2973 retval = target_poll(target);
2974 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2976 retval = target_arch_state(target);
2977 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
2979 } else if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
2981 COMMAND_PARSE_ON_OFF(CMD_ARGV[0], enable);
2982 jtag_poll_set_enabled(enable);
2984 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
2989 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_wait_halt_command)
2992 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
2994 unsigned ms = DEFAULT_HALT_TIMEOUT;
2995 if (1 == CMD_ARGC) {
2996 int retval = parse_uint(CMD_ARGV[0], &ms);
2997 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
2998 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3001 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3002 return target_wait_state(target, TARGET_HALTED, ms);
3005 /* wait for target state to change. The trick here is to have a low
3006 * latency for short waits and not to suck up all the CPU time
3009 * After 500ms, keep_alive() is invoked
3011 int target_wait_state(struct target *target, enum target_state state, int ms)
3014 int64_t then = 0, cur;
3018 retval = target_poll(target);
3019 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3021 if (target->state == state)
3026 then = timeval_ms();
3027 LOG_DEBUG("waiting for target %s...",
3028 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state, state)->name);
3034 if ((cur-then) > ms) {
3035 LOG_ERROR("timed out while waiting for target %s",
3036 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_state, state)->name);
3044 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_halt_command)
3048 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3050 target->verbose_halt_msg = true;
3052 int retval = target_halt(target);
3053 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
3056 if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
3057 unsigned wait_local;
3058 retval = parse_uint(CMD_ARGV[0], &wait_local);
3059 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
3060 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3065 return CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_wait_halt_command);
3068 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_soft_reset_halt_command)
3070 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3072 LOG_USER("requesting target halt and executing a soft reset");
3074 target_soft_reset_halt(target);
3079 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_reset_command)
3082 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3084 enum target_reset_mode reset_mode = RESET_RUN;
3085 if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
3087 n = Jim_Nvp_name2value_simple(nvp_reset_modes, CMD_ARGV[0]);
3088 if ((n->name == NULL) || (n->value == RESET_UNKNOWN))
3089 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3090 reset_mode = n->value;
3093 /* reset *all* targets */
3094 return target_process_reset(CMD, reset_mode);
3098 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_resume_command)
3102 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3104 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3106 /* with no CMD_ARGV, resume from current pc, addr = 0,
3107 * with one arguments, addr = CMD_ARGV[0],
3108 * handle breakpoints, not debugging */
3109 target_addr_t addr = 0;
3110 if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
3111 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3115 return target_resume(target, current, addr, 1, 0);
3118 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_step_command)
3121 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3125 /* with no CMD_ARGV, step from current pc, addr = 0,
3126 * with one argument addr = CMD_ARGV[0],
3127 * handle breakpoints, debugging */
3128 target_addr_t addr = 0;
3130 if (CMD_ARGC == 1) {
3131 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3135 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3137 return target->type->step(target, current_pc, addr, 1);
3140 void target_handle_md_output(struct command_invocation *cmd,
3141 struct target *target, target_addr_t address, unsigned size,
3142 unsigned count, const uint8_t *buffer)
3144 const unsigned line_bytecnt = 32;
3145 unsigned line_modulo = line_bytecnt / size;
3147 char output[line_bytecnt * 4 + 1];
3148 unsigned output_len = 0;
3150 const char *value_fmt;
3153 value_fmt = "%16.16"PRIx64" ";
3156 value_fmt = "%8.8"PRIx64" ";
3159 value_fmt = "%4.4"PRIx64" ";
3162 value_fmt = "%2.2"PRIx64" ";
3165 /* "can't happen", caller checked */
3166 LOG_ERROR("invalid memory read size: %u", size);
3170 for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++) {
3171 if (i % line_modulo == 0) {
3172 output_len += snprintf(output + output_len,
3173 sizeof(output) - output_len,
3174 TARGET_ADDR_FMT ": ",
3175 (address + (i * size)));
3179 const uint8_t *value_ptr = buffer + i * size;
3182 value = target_buffer_get_u64(target, value_ptr);
3185 value = target_buffer_get_u32(target, value_ptr);
3188 value = target_buffer_get_u16(target, value_ptr);
3193 output_len += snprintf(output + output_len,
3194 sizeof(output) - output_len,
3197 if ((i % line_modulo == line_modulo - 1) || (i == count - 1)) {
3198 command_print(cmd, "%s", output);
3204 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_md_command)
3207 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3210 switch (CMD_NAME[2]) {
3224 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3227 bool physical = strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "phys") == 0;
3228 int (*fn)(struct target *target,
3229 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size_value, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer);
3233 fn = target_read_phys_memory;
3235 fn = target_read_memory;
3236 if ((CMD_ARGC < 1) || (CMD_ARGC > 2))
3237 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3239 target_addr_t address;
3240 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], address);
3244 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(uint, CMD_ARGV[1], count);
3246 uint8_t *buffer = calloc(count, size);
3247 if (buffer == NULL) {
3248 LOG_ERROR("Failed to allocate md read buffer");
3252 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3253 int retval = fn(target, address, size, count, buffer);
3254 if (ERROR_OK == retval)
3255 target_handle_md_output(CMD, target, address, size, count, buffer);
3262 typedef int (*target_write_fn)(struct target *target,
3263 target_addr_t address, uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer);
3265 static int target_fill_mem(struct target *target,
3266 target_addr_t address,
3274 /* We have to write in reasonably large chunks to be able
3275 * to fill large memory areas with any sane speed */
3276 const unsigned chunk_size = 16384;
3277 uint8_t *target_buf = malloc(chunk_size * data_size);
3278 if (target_buf == NULL) {
3279 LOG_ERROR("Out of memory");
3283 for (unsigned i = 0; i < chunk_size; i++) {
3284 switch (data_size) {
3286 target_buffer_set_u64(target, target_buf + i * data_size, b);
3289 target_buffer_set_u32(target, target_buf + i * data_size, b);
3292 target_buffer_set_u16(target, target_buf + i * data_size, b);
3295 target_buffer_set_u8(target, target_buf + i * data_size, b);
3302 int retval = ERROR_OK;
3304 for (unsigned x = 0; x < c; x += chunk_size) {
3307 if (current > chunk_size)
3308 current = chunk_size;
3309 retval = fn(target, address + x * data_size, data_size, current, target_buf);
3310 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3312 /* avoid GDB timeouts */
3321 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_mw_command)
3324 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3325 bool physical = strcmp(CMD_ARGV[0], "phys") == 0;
3330 fn = target_write_phys_memory;
3332 fn = target_write_memory;
3333 if ((CMD_ARGC < 2) || (CMD_ARGC > 3))
3334 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3336 target_addr_t address;
3337 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], address);
3339 target_addr_t value;
3340 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[1], value);
3344 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(uint, CMD_ARGV[2], count);
3346 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3348 switch (CMD_NAME[2]) {
3362 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3365 return target_fill_mem(target, address, fn, wordsize, value, count);
3368 static COMMAND_HELPER(parse_load_image_command_CMD_ARGV, struct image *image,
3369 target_addr_t *min_address, target_addr_t *max_address)
3371 if (CMD_ARGC < 1 || CMD_ARGC > 5)
3372 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3374 /* a base address isn't always necessary,
3375 * default to 0x0 (i.e. don't relocate) */
3376 if (CMD_ARGC >= 2) {
3378 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[1], addr);
3379 image->base_address = addr;
3380 image->base_address_set = 1;
3382 image->base_address_set = 0;
3384 image->start_address_set = 0;
3387 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[3], *min_address);
3388 if (CMD_ARGC == 5) {
3389 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[4], *max_address);
3390 /* use size (given) to find max (required) */
3391 *max_address += *min_address;
3394 if (*min_address > *max_address)
3395 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3400 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_load_image_command)
3404 uint32_t image_size;
3405 target_addr_t min_address = 0;
3406 target_addr_t max_address = -1;
3410 int retval = CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(parse_load_image_command_CMD_ARGV,
3411 &image, &min_address, &max_address);
3412 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
3415 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3417 struct duration bench;
3418 duration_start(&bench);
3420 if (image_open(&image, CMD_ARGV[0], (CMD_ARGC >= 3) ? CMD_ARGV[2] : NULL) != ERROR_OK)
3425 for (i = 0; i < image.num_sections; i++) {
3426 buffer = malloc(image.sections[i].size);
3427 if (buffer == NULL) {
3429 "error allocating buffer for section (%d bytes)",
3430 (int)(image.sections[i].size));
3431 retval = ERROR_FAIL;
3435 retval = image_read_section(&image, i, 0x0, image.sections[i].size, buffer, &buf_cnt);
3436 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3441 uint32_t offset = 0;
3442 uint32_t length = buf_cnt;
3444 /* DANGER!!! beware of unsigned comparision here!!! */
3446 if ((image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt >= min_address) &&
3447 (image.sections[i].base_address < max_address)) {
3449 if (image.sections[i].base_address < min_address) {
3450 /* clip addresses below */
3451 offset += min_address-image.sections[i].base_address;
3455 if (image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt > max_address)
3456 length -= (image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt)-max_address;
3458 retval = target_write_buffer(target,
3459 image.sections[i].base_address + offset, length, buffer + offset);
3460 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3464 image_size += length;
3465 command_print(CMD, "%u bytes written at address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "",
3466 (unsigned int)length,
3467 image.sections[i].base_address + offset);
3473 if ((ERROR_OK == retval) && (duration_measure(&bench) == ERROR_OK)) {
3474 command_print(CMD, "downloaded %" PRIu32 " bytes "
3475 "in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)", image_size,
3476 duration_elapsed(&bench), duration_kbps(&bench, image_size));
3479 image_close(&image);
3485 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_dump_image_command)
3487 struct fileio *fileio;
3489 int retval, retvaltemp;
3490 target_addr_t address, size;
3491 struct duration bench;
3492 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3495 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3497 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[1], address);
3498 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[2], size);
3500 uint32_t buf_size = (size > 4096) ? 4096 : size;
3501 buffer = malloc(buf_size);
3505 retval = fileio_open(&fileio, CMD_ARGV[0], FILEIO_WRITE, FILEIO_BINARY);
3506 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3511 duration_start(&bench);
3514 size_t size_written;
3515 uint32_t this_run_size = (size > buf_size) ? buf_size : size;
3516 retval = target_read_buffer(target, address, this_run_size, buffer);
3517 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3520 retval = fileio_write(fileio, this_run_size, buffer, &size_written);
3521 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3524 size -= this_run_size;
3525 address += this_run_size;
3530 if ((ERROR_OK == retval) && (duration_measure(&bench) == ERROR_OK)) {
3532 retval = fileio_size(fileio, &filesize);
3533 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3536 "dumped %zu bytes in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)", filesize,
3537 duration_elapsed(&bench), duration_kbps(&bench, filesize));
3540 retvaltemp = fileio_close(fileio);
3541 if (retvaltemp != ERROR_OK)
3550 IMAGE_CHECKSUM_ONLY = 2
3553 static COMMAND_HELPER(handle_verify_image_command_internal, enum verify_mode verify)
3557 uint32_t image_size;
3560 uint32_t checksum = 0;
3561 uint32_t mem_checksum = 0;
3565 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3568 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3571 LOG_ERROR("no target selected");
3575 struct duration bench;
3576 duration_start(&bench);
3578 if (CMD_ARGC >= 2) {
3580 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[1], addr);
3581 image.base_address = addr;
3582 image.base_address_set = 1;
3584 image.base_address_set = 0;
3585 image.base_address = 0x0;
3588 image.start_address_set = 0;
3590 retval = image_open(&image, CMD_ARGV[0], (CMD_ARGC == 3) ? CMD_ARGV[2] : NULL);
3591 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
3597 for (i = 0; i < image.num_sections; i++) {
3598 buffer = malloc(image.sections[i].size);
3599 if (buffer == NULL) {
3601 "error allocating buffer for section (%d bytes)",
3602 (int)(image.sections[i].size));
3605 retval = image_read_section(&image, i, 0x0, image.sections[i].size, buffer, &buf_cnt);
3606 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3611 if (verify >= IMAGE_VERIFY) {
3612 /* calculate checksum of image */
3613 retval = image_calculate_checksum(buffer, buf_cnt, &checksum);
3614 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3619 retval = target_checksum_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, buf_cnt, &mem_checksum);
3620 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
3624 if ((checksum != mem_checksum) && (verify == IMAGE_CHECKSUM_ONLY)) {
3625 LOG_ERROR("checksum mismatch");
3627 retval = ERROR_FAIL;
3630 if (checksum != mem_checksum) {
3631 /* failed crc checksum, fall back to a binary compare */
3635 LOG_ERROR("checksum mismatch - attempting binary compare");
3637 data = malloc(buf_cnt);
3639 /* Can we use 32bit word accesses? */
3641 int count = buf_cnt;
3642 if ((count % 4) == 0) {
3646 retval = target_read_memory(target, image.sections[i].base_address, size, count, data);
3647 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
3649 for (t = 0; t < buf_cnt; t++) {
3650 if (data[t] != buffer[t]) {
3652 "diff %d address 0x%08x. Was 0x%02x instead of 0x%02x",
3654 (unsigned)(t + image.sections[i].base_address),
3657 if (diffs++ >= 127) {
3658 command_print(CMD, "More than 128 errors, the rest are not printed.");
3670 command_print(CMD, "address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT " length 0x%08zx",
3671 image.sections[i].base_address,
3676 image_size += buf_cnt;
3679 command_print(CMD, "No more differences found.");
3682 retval = ERROR_FAIL;
3683 if ((ERROR_OK == retval) && (duration_measure(&bench) == ERROR_OK)) {
3684 command_print(CMD, "verified %" PRIu32 " bytes "
3685 "in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)", image_size,
3686 duration_elapsed(&bench), duration_kbps(&bench, image_size));
3689 image_close(&image);
3694 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_verify_image_checksum_command)
3696 return CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_verify_image_command_internal, IMAGE_CHECKSUM_ONLY);
3699 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_verify_image_command)
3701 return CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_verify_image_command_internal, IMAGE_VERIFY);
3704 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_test_image_command)
3706 return CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_verify_image_command_internal, IMAGE_TEST);
3709 static int handle_bp_command_list(struct command_invocation *cmd)
3711 struct target *target = get_current_target(cmd->ctx);
3712 struct breakpoint *breakpoint = target->breakpoints;
3713 while (breakpoint) {
3714 if (breakpoint->type == BKPT_SOFT) {
3715 char *buf = buf_to_str(breakpoint->orig_instr,
3716 breakpoint->length, 16);
3717 command_print(cmd, "IVA breakpoint: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", 0x%x, %i, 0x%s",
3718 breakpoint->address,
3720 breakpoint->set, buf);
3723 if ((breakpoint->address == 0) && (breakpoint->asid != 0))
3724 command_print(cmd, "Context breakpoint: 0x%8.8" PRIx32 ", 0x%x, %i",
3726 breakpoint->length, breakpoint->set);
3727 else if ((breakpoint->address != 0) && (breakpoint->asid != 0)) {
3728 command_print(cmd, "Hybrid breakpoint(IVA): " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", 0x%x, %i",
3729 breakpoint->address,
3730 breakpoint->length, breakpoint->set);
3731 command_print(cmd, "\t|--->linked with ContextID: 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
3734 command_print(cmd, "Breakpoint(IVA): " TARGET_ADDR_FMT ", 0x%x, %i",
3735 breakpoint->address,
3736 breakpoint->length, breakpoint->set);
3739 breakpoint = breakpoint->next;
3744 static int handle_bp_command_set(struct command_invocation *cmd,
3745 target_addr_t addr, uint32_t asid, uint32_t length, int hw)
3747 struct target *target = get_current_target(cmd->ctx);
3751 retval = breakpoint_add(target, addr, length, hw);
3752 /* error is always logged in breakpoint_add(), do not print it again */
3753 if (ERROR_OK == retval)
3754 command_print(cmd, "breakpoint set at " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "", addr);
3756 } else if (addr == 0) {
3757 if (target->type->add_context_breakpoint == NULL) {
3758 LOG_ERROR("Context breakpoint not available");
3759 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
3761 retval = context_breakpoint_add(target, asid, length, hw);
3762 /* error is always logged in context_breakpoint_add(), do not print it again */
3763 if (ERROR_OK == retval)
3764 command_print(cmd, "Context breakpoint set at 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", asid);
3767 if (target->type->add_hybrid_breakpoint == NULL) {
3768 LOG_ERROR("Hybrid breakpoint not available");
3769 return ERROR_TARGET_RESOURCE_NOT_AVAILABLE;
3771 retval = hybrid_breakpoint_add(target, addr, asid, length, hw);
3772 /* error is always logged in hybrid_breakpoint_add(), do not print it again */
3773 if (ERROR_OK == retval)
3774 command_print(cmd, "Hybrid breakpoint set at 0x%8.8" PRIx32 "", asid);
3779 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_bp_command)
3788 return handle_bp_command_list(CMD);
3792 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3793 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], length);
3794 return handle_bp_command_set(CMD, addr, asid, length, hw);
3797 if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[2], "hw") == 0) {
3799 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3800 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], length);
3802 return handle_bp_command_set(CMD, addr, asid, length, hw);
3803 } else if (strcmp(CMD_ARGV[2], "hw_ctx") == 0) {
3805 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], asid);
3806 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], length);
3808 return handle_bp_command_set(CMD, addr, asid, length, hw);
3813 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3814 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], asid);
3815 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[2], length);
3816 return handle_bp_command_set(CMD, addr, asid, length, hw);
3819 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3823 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_rbp_command)
3826 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3829 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3831 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3832 breakpoint_remove(target, addr);
3837 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_wp_command)
3839 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3841 if (CMD_ARGC == 0) {
3842 struct watchpoint *watchpoint = target->watchpoints;
3844 while (watchpoint) {
3845 command_print(CMD, "address: " TARGET_ADDR_FMT
3846 ", len: 0x%8.8" PRIx32
3847 ", r/w/a: %i, value: 0x%8.8" PRIx32
3848 ", mask: 0x%8.8" PRIx32,
3849 watchpoint->address,
3851 (int)watchpoint->rw,
3854 watchpoint = watchpoint->next;
3859 enum watchpoint_rw type = WPT_ACCESS;
3861 uint32_t length = 0;
3862 uint32_t data_value = 0x0;
3863 uint32_t data_mask = 0xffffffff;
3867 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[4], data_mask);
3870 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[3], data_value);
3873 switch (CMD_ARGV[2][0]) {
3884 LOG_ERROR("invalid watchpoint mode ('%c')", CMD_ARGV[2][0]);
3885 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3889 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[1], length);
3890 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3894 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3897 int retval = watchpoint_add(target, addr, length, type,
3898 data_value, data_mask);
3899 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
3900 LOG_ERROR("Failure setting watchpoints");
3905 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_rwp_command)
3908 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3911 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], addr);
3913 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3914 watchpoint_remove(target, addr);
3920 * Translate a virtual address to a physical address.
3922 * The low-level target implementation must have logged a detailed error
3923 * which is forwarded to telnet/GDB session.
3925 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_virt2phys_command)
3928 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
3931 COMMAND_PARSE_ADDRESS(CMD_ARGV[0], va);
3934 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
3935 int retval = target->type->virt2phys(target, va, &pa);
3936 if (retval == ERROR_OK)
3937 command_print(CMD, "Physical address " TARGET_ADDR_FMT "", pa);
3942 static void writeData(FILE *f, const void *data, size_t len)
3944 size_t written = fwrite(data, 1, len, f);
3946 LOG_ERROR("failed to write %zu bytes: %s", len, strerror(errno));
3949 static void writeLong(FILE *f, int l, struct target *target)
3953 target_buffer_set_u32(target, val, l);
3954 writeData(f, val, 4);
3957 static void writeString(FILE *f, char *s)
3959 writeData(f, s, strlen(s));
3962 typedef unsigned char UNIT[2]; /* unit of profiling */
3964 /* Dump a gmon.out histogram file. */
3965 static void write_gmon(uint32_t *samples, uint32_t sampleNum, const char *filename, bool with_range,
3966 uint32_t start_address, uint32_t end_address, struct target *target, uint32_t duration_ms)
3969 FILE *f = fopen(filename, "w");
3972 writeString(f, "gmon");
3973 writeLong(f, 0x00000001, target); /* Version */
3974 writeLong(f, 0, target); /* padding */
3975 writeLong(f, 0, target); /* padding */
3976 writeLong(f, 0, target); /* padding */
3978 uint8_t zero = 0; /* GMON_TAG_TIME_HIST */
3979 writeData(f, &zero, 1);
3981 /* figure out bucket size */
3985 min = start_address;
3990 for (i = 0; i < sampleNum; i++) {
3991 if (min > samples[i])
3993 if (max < samples[i])
3997 /* max should be (largest sample + 1)
3998 * Refer to binutils/gprof/hist.c (find_histogram_for_pc) */
4002 int addressSpace = max - min;
4003 assert(addressSpace >= 2);
4005 /* FIXME: What is the reasonable number of buckets?
4006 * The profiling result will be more accurate if there are enough buckets. */
4007 static const uint32_t maxBuckets = 128 * 1024; /* maximum buckets. */
4008 uint32_t numBuckets = addressSpace / sizeof(UNIT);
4009 if (numBuckets > maxBuckets)
4010 numBuckets = maxBuckets;
4011 int *buckets = malloc(sizeof(int) * numBuckets);
4012 if (buckets == NULL) {
4016 memset(buckets, 0, sizeof(int) * numBuckets);
4017 for (i = 0; i < sampleNum; i++) {
4018 uint32_t address = samples[i];
4020 if ((address < min) || (max <= address))
4023 long long a = address - min;
4024 long long b = numBuckets;
4025 long long c = addressSpace;
4026 int index_t = (a * b) / c; /* danger!!!! int32 overflows */
4030 /* append binary memory gmon.out &profile_hist_hdr ((char*)&profile_hist_hdr + sizeof(struct gmon_hist_hdr)) */
4031 writeLong(f, min, target); /* low_pc */
4032 writeLong(f, max, target); /* high_pc */
4033 writeLong(f, numBuckets, target); /* # of buckets */
4034 float sample_rate = sampleNum / (duration_ms / 1000.0);
4035 writeLong(f, sample_rate, target);
4036 writeString(f, "seconds");
4037 for (i = 0; i < (15-strlen("seconds")); i++)
4038 writeData(f, &zero, 1);
4039 writeString(f, "s");
4041 /*append binary memory gmon.out profile_hist_data (profile_hist_data + profile_hist_hdr.hist_size) */
4043 char *data = malloc(2 * numBuckets);
4045 for (i = 0; i < numBuckets; i++) {
4050 data[i * 2] = val&0xff;
4051 data[i * 2 + 1] = (val >> 8) & 0xff;
4054 writeData(f, data, numBuckets * 2);
4062 /* profiling samples the CPU PC as quickly as OpenOCD is able,
4063 * which will be used as a random sampling of PC */
4064 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_profile_command)
4066 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
4068 if ((CMD_ARGC != 2) && (CMD_ARGC != 4))
4069 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
4071 const uint32_t MAX_PROFILE_SAMPLE_NUM = 10000;
4073 uint32_t num_of_samples;
4074 int retval = ERROR_OK;
4076 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], offset);
4078 uint32_t *samples = malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * MAX_PROFILE_SAMPLE_NUM);
4079 if (samples == NULL) {
4080 LOG_ERROR("No memory to store samples.");
4084 uint64_t timestart_ms = timeval_ms();
4086 * Some cores let us sample the PC without the
4087 * annoying halt/resume step; for example, ARMv7 PCSR.
4088 * Provide a way to use that more efficient mechanism.
4090 retval = target_profiling(target, samples, MAX_PROFILE_SAMPLE_NUM,
4091 &num_of_samples, offset);
4092 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4096 uint32_t duration_ms = timeval_ms() - timestart_ms;
4098 assert(num_of_samples <= MAX_PROFILE_SAMPLE_NUM);
4100 retval = target_poll(target);
4101 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4105 if (target->state == TARGET_RUNNING) {
4106 retval = target_halt(target);
4107 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4113 retval = target_poll(target);
4114 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4119 uint32_t start_address = 0;
4120 uint32_t end_address = 0;
4121 bool with_range = false;
4122 if (CMD_ARGC == 4) {
4124 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[2], start_address);
4125 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[3], end_address);
4128 write_gmon(samples, num_of_samples, CMD_ARGV[1],
4129 with_range, start_address, end_address, target, duration_ms);
4130 command_print(CMD, "Wrote %s", CMD_ARGV[1]);
4136 static int new_int_array_element(Jim_Interp *interp, const char *varname, int idx, uint32_t val)
4139 Jim_Obj *nameObjPtr, *valObjPtr;
4142 namebuf = alloc_printf("%s(%d)", varname, idx);
4146 nameObjPtr = Jim_NewStringObj(interp, namebuf, -1);
4147 valObjPtr = Jim_NewIntObj(interp, val);
4148 if (!nameObjPtr || !valObjPtr) {
4153 Jim_IncrRefCount(nameObjPtr);
4154 Jim_IncrRefCount(valObjPtr);
4155 result = Jim_SetVariable(interp, nameObjPtr, valObjPtr);
4156 Jim_DecrRefCount(interp, nameObjPtr);
4157 Jim_DecrRefCount(interp, valObjPtr);
4159 /* printf("%s(%d) <= 0%08x\n", varname, idx, val); */
4163 static int jim_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4165 struct command_context *context;
4166 struct target *target;
4168 context = current_command_context(interp);
4169 assert(context != NULL);
4171 target = get_current_target(context);
4172 if (target == NULL) {
4173 LOG_ERROR("mem2array: no current target");
4177 return target_mem2array(interp, target, argc - 1, argv + 1);
4180 static int target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp, struct target *target, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4188 const char *varname;
4194 /* argv[1] = name of array to receive the data
4195 * argv[2] = desired width
4196 * argv[3] = memory address
4197 * argv[4] = count of times to read
4200 if (argc < 4 || argc > 5) {
4201 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 0, argv, "varname width addr nelems [phys]");
4204 varname = Jim_GetString(argv[0], &len);
4205 /* given "foo" get space for worse case "foo(%d)" .. add 20 */
4207 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[1], &l);
4212 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
4216 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
4222 phys = Jim_GetString(argv[4], &n);
4223 if (!strncmp(phys, "phys", n))
4239 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4240 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "Invalid width param, must be 8/16/32", NULL);
4244 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4245 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "mem2array: zero width read?", NULL);
4248 if ((addr + (len * width)) < addr) {
4249 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4250 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "mem2array: addr + len - wraps to zero?", NULL);
4253 /* absurd transfer size? */
4255 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4256 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "mem2array: absurd > 64K item request", NULL);
4261 ((width == 2) && ((addr & 1) == 0)) ||
4262 ((width == 4) && ((addr & 3) == 0))) {
4266 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4267 sprintf(buf, "mem2array address: 0x%08" PRIx32 " is not aligned for %" PRId32 " byte reads",
4270 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), buf, NULL);
4279 size_t buffersize = 4096;
4280 uint8_t *buffer = malloc(buffersize);
4287 /* Slurp... in buffer size chunks */
4289 count = len; /* in objects.. */
4290 if (count > (buffersize / width))
4291 count = (buffersize / width);
4294 retval = target_read_phys_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
4296 retval = target_read_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
4297 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4299 LOG_ERROR("mem2array: Read @ 0x%08" PRIx32 ", w=%" PRId32 ", cnt=%" PRId32 ", failed",
4303 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4304 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "mem2array: cannot read memory", NULL);
4308 v = 0; /* shut up gcc */
4309 for (i = 0; i < count ; i++, n++) {
4312 v = target_buffer_get_u32(target, &buffer[i*width]);
4315 v = target_buffer_get_u16(target, &buffer[i*width]);
4318 v = buffer[i] & 0x0ff;
4321 new_int_array_element(interp, varname, n, v);
4324 addr += count * width;
4330 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4335 static int get_int_array_element(Jim_Interp *interp, const char *varname, int idx, uint32_t *val)
4338 Jim_Obj *nameObjPtr, *valObjPtr;
4342 namebuf = alloc_printf("%s(%d)", varname, idx);
4346 nameObjPtr = Jim_NewStringObj(interp, namebuf, -1);
4352 Jim_IncrRefCount(nameObjPtr);
4353 valObjPtr = Jim_GetVariable(interp, nameObjPtr, JIM_ERRMSG);
4354 Jim_DecrRefCount(interp, nameObjPtr);
4356 if (valObjPtr == NULL)
4359 result = Jim_GetLong(interp, valObjPtr, &l);
4360 /* printf("%s(%d) => 0%08x\n", varname, idx, val); */
4365 static int jim_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4367 struct command_context *context;
4368 struct target *target;
4370 context = current_command_context(interp);
4371 assert(context != NULL);
4373 target = get_current_target(context);
4374 if (target == NULL) {
4375 LOG_ERROR("array2mem: no current target");
4379 return target_array2mem(interp, target, argc-1, argv + 1);
4382 static int target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp, struct target *target,
4383 int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4391 const char *varname;
4397 /* argv[1] = name of array to get the data
4398 * argv[2] = desired width
4399 * argv[3] = memory address
4400 * argv[4] = count to write
4402 if (argc < 4 || argc > 5) {
4403 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 0, argv, "varname width addr nelems [phys]");
4406 varname = Jim_GetString(argv[0], &len);
4407 /* given "foo" get space for worse case "foo(%d)" .. add 20 */
4409 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[1], &l);
4414 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[2], &l);
4418 e = Jim_GetLong(interp, argv[3], &l);
4424 phys = Jim_GetString(argv[4], &n);
4425 if (!strncmp(phys, "phys", n))
4441 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4442 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
4443 "Invalid width param, must be 8/16/32", NULL);
4447 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4448 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
4449 "array2mem: zero width read?", NULL);
4452 if ((addr + (len * width)) < addr) {
4453 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4454 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
4455 "array2mem: addr + len - wraps to zero?", NULL);
4458 /* absurd transfer size? */
4460 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4461 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
4462 "array2mem: absurd > 64K item request", NULL);
4467 ((width == 2) && ((addr & 1) == 0)) ||
4468 ((width == 4) && ((addr & 3) == 0))) {
4472 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4473 sprintf(buf, "array2mem address: 0x%08" PRIx32 " is not aligned for %" PRId32 " byte reads",
4476 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), buf, NULL);
4487 size_t buffersize = 4096;
4488 uint8_t *buffer = malloc(buffersize);
4493 /* Slurp... in buffer size chunks */
4495 count = len; /* in objects.. */
4496 if (count > (buffersize / width))
4497 count = (buffersize / width);
4499 v = 0; /* shut up gcc */
4500 for (i = 0; i < count; i++, n++) {
4501 get_int_array_element(interp, varname, n, &v);
4504 target_buffer_set_u32(target, &buffer[i * width], v);
4507 target_buffer_set_u16(target, &buffer[i * width], v);
4510 buffer[i] = v & 0x0ff;
4517 retval = target_write_phys_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
4519 retval = target_write_memory(target, addr, width, count, buffer);
4520 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
4522 LOG_ERROR("array2mem: Write @ 0x%08" PRIx32 ", w=%" PRId32 ", cnt=%" PRId32 ", failed",
4526 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4527 Jim_AppendStrings(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp), "array2mem: cannot read memory", NULL);
4531 addr += count * width;
4536 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewEmptyStringObj(interp));
4541 /* FIX? should we propagate errors here rather than printing them
4544 void target_handle_event(struct target *target, enum target_event e)
4546 struct target_event_action *teap;
4549 for (teap = target->event_action; teap != NULL; teap = teap->next) {
4550 if (teap->event == e) {
4551 LOG_DEBUG("target(%d): %s (%s) event: %d (%s) action: %s",
4552 target->target_number,
4553 target_name(target),
4554 target_type_name(target),
4556 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_event, e)->name,
4557 Jim_GetString(teap->body, NULL));
4559 /* Override current target by the target an event
4560 * is issued from (lot of scripts need it).
4561 * Return back to previous override as soon
4562 * as the handler processing is done */
4563 struct command_context *cmd_ctx = current_command_context(teap->interp);
4564 struct target *saved_target_override = cmd_ctx->current_target_override;
4565 cmd_ctx->current_target_override = target;
4566 retval = Jim_EvalObj(teap->interp, teap->body);
4568 if (retval == JIM_RETURN)
4569 retval = teap->interp->returnCode;
4571 if (retval != JIM_OK) {
4572 Jim_MakeErrorMessage(teap->interp);
4573 LOG_USER("Error executing event %s on target %s:\n%s",
4574 Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_event, e)->name,
4575 target_name(target),
4576 Jim_GetString(Jim_GetResult(teap->interp), NULL));
4577 /* clean both error code and stacktrace before return */
4578 Jim_Eval(teap->interp, "error \"\" \"\"");
4581 cmd_ctx->current_target_override = saved_target_override;
4587 * Returns true only if the target has a handler for the specified event.
4589 bool target_has_event_action(struct target *target, enum target_event event)
4591 struct target_event_action *teap;
4593 for (teap = target->event_action; teap != NULL; teap = teap->next) {
4594 if (teap->event == event)
4600 enum target_cfg_param {
4603 TCFG_WORK_AREA_VIRT,
4604 TCFG_WORK_AREA_PHYS,
4605 TCFG_WORK_AREA_SIZE,
4606 TCFG_WORK_AREA_BACKUP,
4609 TCFG_CHAIN_POSITION,
4616 static Jim_Nvp nvp_config_opts[] = {
4617 { .name = "-type", .value = TCFG_TYPE },
4618 { .name = "-event", .value = TCFG_EVENT },
4619 { .name = "-work-area-virt", .value = TCFG_WORK_AREA_VIRT },
4620 { .name = "-work-area-phys", .value = TCFG_WORK_AREA_PHYS },
4621 { .name = "-work-area-size", .value = TCFG_WORK_AREA_SIZE },
4622 { .name = "-work-area-backup", .value = TCFG_WORK_AREA_BACKUP },
4623 { .name = "-endian" , .value = TCFG_ENDIAN },
4624 { .name = "-coreid", .value = TCFG_COREID },
4625 { .name = "-chain-position", .value = TCFG_CHAIN_POSITION },
4626 { .name = "-dbgbase", .value = TCFG_DBGBASE },
4627 { .name = "-rtos", .value = TCFG_RTOS },
4628 { .name = "-defer-examine", .value = TCFG_DEFER_EXAMINE },
4629 { .name = "-gdb-port", .value = TCFG_GDB_PORT },
4630 { .name = NULL, .value = -1 }
4633 static int target_configure(Jim_GetOptInfo *goi, struct target *target)
4640 /* parse config or cget options ... */
4641 while (goi->argc > 0) {
4642 Jim_SetEmptyResult(goi->interp);
4643 /* Jim_GetOpt_Debug(goi); */
4645 if (target->type->target_jim_configure) {
4646 /* target defines a configure function */
4647 /* target gets first dibs on parameters */
4648 e = (*(target->type->target_jim_configure))(target, goi);
4657 /* otherwise we 'continue' below */
4659 e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(goi, nvp_config_opts, &n);
4661 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(goi, nvp_config_opts, 0);
4667 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4668 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi->interp,
4669 "not settable: %s", n->name);
4673 if (goi->argc != 0) {
4674 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi->interp,
4675 goi->argc, goi->argv,
4680 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp,
4681 target_type_name(target), -1);
4685 if (goi->argc == 0) {
4686 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi->interp, goi->argc, goi->argv, "-event ?event-name? ...");
4690 e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(goi, nvp_target_event, &n);
4692 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(goi, nvp_target_event, 1);
4696 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4697 if (goi->argc != 1) {
4698 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi->interp, goi->argc, goi->argv, "-event ?event-name? ?EVENT-BODY?");
4702 if (goi->argc != 0) {
4703 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi->interp, goi->argc, goi->argv, "-event ?event-name?");
4709 struct target_event_action *teap;
4711 teap = target->event_action;
4712 /* replace existing? */
4714 if (teap->event == (enum target_event)n->value)
4719 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4720 bool replace = true;
4723 teap = calloc(1, sizeof(*teap));
4726 teap->event = n->value;
4727 teap->interp = goi->interp;
4728 Jim_GetOpt_Obj(goi, &o);
4730 Jim_DecrRefCount(teap->interp, teap->body);
4731 teap->body = Jim_DuplicateObj(goi->interp, o);
4734 * Tcl/TK - "tk events" have a nice feature.
4735 * See the "BIND" command.
4736 * We should support that here.
4737 * You can specify %X and %Y in the event code.
4738 * The idea is: %T - target name.
4739 * The idea is: %N - target number
4740 * The idea is: %E - event name.
4742 Jim_IncrRefCount(teap->body);
4745 /* add to head of event list */
4746 teap->next = target->event_action;
4747 target->event_action = teap;
4749 Jim_SetEmptyResult(goi->interp);
4753 Jim_SetEmptyResult(goi->interp);
4755 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_DuplicateObj(goi->interp, teap->body));
4761 case TCFG_WORK_AREA_VIRT:
4762 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4763 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
4764 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4767 target->working_area_virt = w;
4768 target->working_area_virt_spec = true;
4773 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->working_area_virt));
4777 case TCFG_WORK_AREA_PHYS:
4778 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4779 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
4780 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4783 target->working_area_phys = w;
4784 target->working_area_phys_spec = true;
4789 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->working_area_phys));
4793 case TCFG_WORK_AREA_SIZE:
4794 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4795 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
4796 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4799 target->working_area_size = w;
4804 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->working_area_size));
4808 case TCFG_WORK_AREA_BACKUP:
4809 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4810 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
4811 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4814 /* make this exactly 1 or 0 */
4815 target->backup_working_area = (!!w);
4820 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->backup_working_area));
4821 /* loop for more e*/
4826 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4827 e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(goi, nvp_target_endian, &n);
4829 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(goi, nvp_target_endian, 1);
4832 target->endianness = n->value;
4837 n = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_endian, target->endianness);
4838 if (n->name == NULL) {
4839 target->endianness = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
4840 n = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_endian, target->endianness);
4842 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, n->name, -1);
4847 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4848 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4851 target->coreid = (int32_t)w;
4856 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->coreid));
4860 case TCFG_CHAIN_POSITION:
4861 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4863 struct jtag_tap *tap;
4865 if (target->has_dap) {
4866 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp,
4867 "target requires -dap parameter instead of -chain-position!", -1);
4871 target_free_all_working_areas(target);
4872 e = Jim_GetOpt_Obj(goi, &o_t);
4875 tap = jtag_tap_by_jim_obj(goi->interp, o_t);
4879 target->tap_configured = true;
4884 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, target->tap->dotted_name, -1);
4885 /* loop for more e*/
4888 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4889 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(goi, &w);
4892 target->dbgbase = (uint32_t)w;
4893 target->dbgbase_set = true;
4898 Jim_SetResult(goi->interp, Jim_NewIntObj(goi->interp, target->dbgbase));
4904 int result = rtos_create(goi, target);
4905 if (result != JIM_OK)
4911 case TCFG_DEFER_EXAMINE:
4913 target->defer_examine = true;
4918 if (goi->isconfigure) {
4919 struct command_context *cmd_ctx = current_command_context(goi->interp);
4920 if (cmd_ctx->mode != COMMAND_CONFIG) {
4921 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, "-gdb-port must be configured before 'init'", -1);
4926 e = Jim_GetOpt_String(goi, &s, NULL);
4929 target->gdb_port_override = strdup(s);
4934 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, target->gdb_port_override ? : "undefined", -1);
4938 } /* while (goi->argc) */
4941 /* done - we return */
4945 static int jim_target_configure(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj * const *argv)
4949 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
4950 goi.isconfigure = !strcmp(Jim_GetString(argv[0], NULL), "configure");
4952 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi.interp, goi.argc, goi.argv,
4953 "missing: -option ...");
4956 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(goi.interp);
4957 return target_configure(&goi, target);
4960 static int jim_target_mem2array(Jim_Interp *interp,
4961 int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4963 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
4964 return target_mem2array(interp, target, argc - 1, argv + 1);
4967 static int jim_target_array2mem(Jim_Interp *interp,
4968 int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4970 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
4971 return target_array2mem(interp, target, argc - 1, argv + 1);
4974 static int jim_target_tap_disabled(Jim_Interp *interp)
4976 Jim_SetResultFormatted(interp, "[TAP is disabled]");
4980 static int jim_target_examine(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
4982 bool allow_defer = false;
4985 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
4987 const char *cmd_name = Jim_GetString(argv[0], NULL);
4988 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi.interp,
4989 "usage: %s ['allow-defer']", cmd_name);
4993 strcmp(Jim_GetString(argv[1], NULL), "allow-defer") == 0) {
4995 struct Jim_Obj *obj;
4996 int e = Jim_GetOpt_Obj(&goi, &obj);
5002 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5003 if (!target->tap->enabled)
5004 return jim_target_tap_disabled(interp);
5006 if (allow_defer && target->defer_examine) {
5007 LOG_INFO("Deferring arp_examine of %s", target_name(target));
5008 LOG_INFO("Use arp_examine command to examine it manually!");
5012 int e = target->type->examine(target);
5018 static int jim_target_was_examined(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj * const *argv)
5020 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5022 Jim_SetResultBool(interp, target_was_examined(target));
5026 static int jim_target_examine_deferred(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj * const *argv)
5028 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5030 Jim_SetResultBool(interp, target->defer_examine);
5034 static int jim_target_halt_gdb(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5037 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "[no parameters]");
5040 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5042 if (target_call_event_callbacks(target, TARGET_EVENT_GDB_HALT) != ERROR_OK)
5048 static int jim_target_poll(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5051 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "[no parameters]");
5054 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5055 if (!target->tap->enabled)
5056 return jim_target_tap_disabled(interp);
5059 if (!(target_was_examined(target)))
5060 e = ERROR_TARGET_NOT_EXAMINED;
5062 e = target->type->poll(target);
5068 static int jim_target_reset(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5071 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
5073 if (goi.argc != 2) {
5074 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 0, argv,
5075 "([tT]|[fF]|assert|deassert) BOOL");
5080 int e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(&goi, nvp_assert, &n);
5082 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(&goi, nvp_assert, 1);
5085 /* the halt or not param */
5087 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(&goi, &a);
5091 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(goi.interp);
5092 if (!target->tap->enabled)
5093 return jim_target_tap_disabled(interp);
5095 if (!target->type->assert_reset || !target->type->deassert_reset) {
5096 Jim_SetResultFormatted(interp,
5097 "No target-specific reset for %s",
5098 target_name(target));
5102 if (target->defer_examine)
5103 target_reset_examined(target);
5105 /* determine if we should halt or not. */
5106 target->reset_halt = !!a;
5107 /* When this happens - all workareas are invalid. */
5108 target_free_all_working_areas_restore(target, 0);
5111 if (n->value == NVP_ASSERT)
5112 e = target->type->assert_reset(target);
5114 e = target->type->deassert_reset(target);
5115 return (e == ERROR_OK) ? JIM_OK : JIM_ERR;
5118 static int jim_target_halt(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5121 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "[no parameters]");
5124 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5125 if (!target->tap->enabled)
5126 return jim_target_tap_disabled(interp);
5127 int e = target->type->halt(target);
5128 return (e == ERROR_OK) ? JIM_OK : JIM_ERR;
5131 static int jim_target_wait_state(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5134 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
5136 /* params: <name> statename timeoutmsecs */
5137 if (goi.argc != 2) {
5138 const char *cmd_name = Jim_GetString(argv[0], NULL);
5139 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi.interp,
5140 "%s <state_name> <timeout_in_msec>", cmd_name);
5145 int e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(&goi, nvp_target_state, &n);
5147 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(&goi, nvp_target_state, 1);
5151 e = Jim_GetOpt_Wide(&goi, &a);
5154 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5155 if (!target->tap->enabled)
5156 return jim_target_tap_disabled(interp);
5158 e = target_wait_state(target, n->value, a);
5159 if (e != ERROR_OK) {
5160 Jim_Obj *eObj = Jim_NewIntObj(interp, e);
5161 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi.interp,
5162 "target: %s wait %s fails (%#s) %s",
5163 target_name(target), n->name,
5164 eObj, target_strerror_safe(e));
5165 Jim_FreeNewObj(interp, eObj);
5170 /* List for human, Events defined for this target.
5171 * scripts/programs should use 'name cget -event NAME'
5173 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_target_event_list)
5175 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
5176 struct target_event_action *teap = target->event_action;
5178 command_print(CMD, "Event actions for target (%d) %s\n",
5179 target->target_number,
5180 target_name(target));
5181 command_print(CMD, "%-25s | Body", "Event");
5182 command_print(CMD, "------------------------- | "
5183 "----------------------------------------");
5185 Jim_Nvp *opt = Jim_Nvp_value2name_simple(nvp_target_event, teap->event);
5186 command_print(CMD, "%-25s | %s",
5187 opt->name, Jim_GetString(teap->body, NULL));
5190 command_print(CMD, "***END***");
5193 static int jim_target_current_state(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5196 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "[no parameters]");
5199 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5200 Jim_SetResultString(interp, target_state_name(target), -1);
5203 static int jim_target_invoke_event(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5206 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
5207 if (goi.argc != 1) {
5208 const char *cmd_name = Jim_GetString(argv[0], NULL);
5209 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi.interp, "%s <eventname>", cmd_name);
5213 int e = Jim_GetOpt_Nvp(&goi, nvp_target_event, &n);
5215 Jim_GetOpt_NvpUnknown(&goi, nvp_target_event, 1);
5218 struct target *target = Jim_CmdPrivData(interp);
5219 target_handle_event(target, n->value);
5223 static const struct command_registration target_instance_command_handlers[] = {
5225 .name = "configure",
5226 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5227 .jim_handler = jim_target_configure,
5228 .help = "configure a new target for use",
5229 .usage = "[target_attribute ...]",
5233 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5234 .jim_handler = jim_target_configure,
5235 .help = "returns the specified target attribute",
5236 .usage = "target_attribute",
5240 .handler = handle_mw_command,
5241 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5242 .help = "Write 64-bit word(s) to target memory",
5243 .usage = "address data [count]",
5247 .handler = handle_mw_command,
5248 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5249 .help = "Write 32-bit word(s) to target memory",
5250 .usage = "address data [count]",
5254 .handler = handle_mw_command,
5255 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5256 .help = "Write 16-bit half-word(s) to target memory",
5257 .usage = "address data [count]",
5261 .handler = handle_mw_command,
5262 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5263 .help = "Write byte(s) to target memory",
5264 .usage = "address data [count]",
5268 .handler = handle_md_command,
5269 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5270 .help = "Display target memory as 64-bit words",
5271 .usage = "address [count]",
5275 .handler = handle_md_command,
5276 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5277 .help = "Display target memory as 32-bit words",
5278 .usage = "address [count]",
5282 .handler = handle_md_command,
5283 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5284 .help = "Display target memory as 16-bit half-words",
5285 .usage = "address [count]",
5289 .handler = handle_md_command,
5290 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5291 .help = "Display target memory as 8-bit bytes",
5292 .usage = "address [count]",
5295 .name = "array2mem",
5296 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5297 .jim_handler = jim_target_array2mem,
5298 .help = "Writes Tcl array of 8/16/32 bit numbers "
5300 .usage = "arrayname bitwidth address count",
5303 .name = "mem2array",
5304 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5305 .jim_handler = jim_target_mem2array,
5306 .help = "Loads Tcl array of 8/16/32 bit numbers "
5307 "from target memory",
5308 .usage = "arrayname bitwidth address count",
5311 .name = "eventlist",
5312 .handler = handle_target_event_list,
5313 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5314 .help = "displays a table of events defined for this target",
5319 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5320 .jim_handler = jim_target_current_state,
5321 .help = "displays the current state of this target",
5324 .name = "arp_examine",
5325 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5326 .jim_handler = jim_target_examine,
5327 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5328 .usage = "['allow-defer']",
5331 .name = "was_examined",
5332 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5333 .jim_handler = jim_target_was_examined,
5334 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5337 .name = "examine_deferred",
5338 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5339 .jim_handler = jim_target_examine_deferred,
5340 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5343 .name = "arp_halt_gdb",
5344 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5345 .jim_handler = jim_target_halt_gdb,
5346 .help = "used internally for reset processing to halt GDB",
5350 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5351 .jim_handler = jim_target_poll,
5352 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5355 .name = "arp_reset",
5356 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5357 .jim_handler = jim_target_reset,
5358 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5362 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5363 .jim_handler = jim_target_halt,
5364 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5367 .name = "arp_waitstate",
5368 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5369 .jim_handler = jim_target_wait_state,
5370 .help = "used internally for reset processing",
5373 .name = "invoke-event",
5374 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
5375 .jim_handler = jim_target_invoke_event,
5376 .help = "invoke handler for specified event",
5377 .usage = "event_name",
5379 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
5382 static int target_create(Jim_GetOptInfo *goi)
5389 struct target *target;
5390 struct command_context *cmd_ctx;
5392 cmd_ctx = current_command_context(goi->interp);
5393 assert(cmd_ctx != NULL);
5395 if (goi->argc < 3) {
5396 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi->interp, 1, goi->argv, "?name? ?type? ..options...");
5401 Jim_GetOpt_Obj(goi, &new_cmd);
5402 /* does this command exist? */
5403 cmd = Jim_GetCommand(goi->interp, new_cmd, JIM_ERRMSG);
5405 cp = Jim_GetString(new_cmd, NULL);
5406 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi->interp, "Command/target: %s Exists", cp);
5411 e = Jim_GetOpt_String(goi, &cp, NULL);
5414 struct transport *tr = get_current_transport();
5415 if (tr->override_target) {
5416 e = tr->override_target(&cp);
5417 if (e != ERROR_OK) {
5418 LOG_ERROR("The selected transport doesn't support this target");
5421 LOG_INFO("The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD");
5423 /* now does target type exist */
5424 for (x = 0 ; target_types[x] ; x++) {
5425 if (0 == strcmp(cp, target_types[x]->name)) {
5430 /* check for deprecated name */
5431 if (target_types[x]->deprecated_name) {
5432 if (0 == strcmp(cp, target_types[x]->deprecated_name)) {
5434 LOG_WARNING("target name is deprecated use: \'%s\'", target_types[x]->name);
5439 if (target_types[x] == NULL) {
5440 Jim_SetResultFormatted(goi->interp, "Unknown target type %s, try one of ", cp);
5441 for (x = 0 ; target_types[x] ; x++) {
5442 if (target_types[x + 1]) {
5443 Jim_AppendStrings(goi->interp,
5444 Jim_GetResult(goi->interp),
5445 target_types[x]->name,
5448 Jim_AppendStrings(goi->interp,
5449 Jim_GetResult(goi->interp),
5451 target_types[x]->name, NULL);
5458 target = calloc(1, sizeof(struct target));
5459 /* set target number */
5460 target->target_number = new_target_number();
5461 cmd_ctx->current_target = target;
5463 /* allocate memory for each unique target type */
5464 target->type = calloc(1, sizeof(struct target_type));
5466 memcpy(target->type, target_types[x], sizeof(struct target_type));
5468 /* will be set by "-endian" */
5469 target->endianness = TARGET_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN;
5471 /* default to first core, override with -coreid */
5474 target->working_area = 0x0;
5475 target->working_area_size = 0x0;
5476 target->working_areas = NULL;
5477 target->backup_working_area = 0;
5479 target->state = TARGET_UNKNOWN;
5480 target->debug_reason = DBG_REASON_UNDEFINED;
5481 target->reg_cache = NULL;
5482 target->breakpoints = NULL;
5483 target->watchpoints = NULL;
5484 target->next = NULL;
5485 target->arch_info = NULL;
5487 target->verbose_halt_msg = true;
5489 target->halt_issued = false;
5491 /* initialize trace information */
5492 target->trace_info = calloc(1, sizeof(struct trace));
5494 target->dbgmsg = NULL;
5495 target->dbg_msg_enabled = 0;
5497 target->endianness = TARGET_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN;
5499 target->rtos = NULL;
5500 target->rtos_auto_detect = false;
5502 target->gdb_port_override = NULL;
5504 /* Do the rest as "configure" options */
5505 goi->isconfigure = 1;
5506 e = target_configure(goi, target);
5509 if (target->has_dap) {
5510 if (!target->dap_configured) {
5511 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, "-dap ?name? required when creating target", -1);
5515 if (!target->tap_configured) {
5516 Jim_SetResultString(goi->interp, "-chain-position ?name? required when creating target", -1);
5520 /* tap must be set after target was configured */
5521 if (target->tap == NULL)
5526 free(target->gdb_port_override);
5532 if (target->endianness == TARGET_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN) {
5533 /* default endian to little if not specified */
5534 target->endianness = TARGET_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
5537 cp = Jim_GetString(new_cmd, NULL);
5538 target->cmd_name = strdup(cp);
5540 if (target->type->target_create) {
5541 e = (*(target->type->target_create))(target, goi->interp);
5542 if (e != ERROR_OK) {
5543 LOG_DEBUG("target_create failed");
5544 free(target->gdb_port_override);
5546 free(target->cmd_name);
5552 /* create the target specific commands */
5553 if (target->type->commands) {
5554 e = register_commands(cmd_ctx, NULL, target->type->commands);
5556 LOG_ERROR("unable to register '%s' commands", cp);
5559 /* append to end of list */
5561 struct target **tpp;
5562 tpp = &(all_targets);
5564 tpp = &((*tpp)->next);
5568 /* now - create the new target name command */
5569 const struct command_registration target_subcommands[] = {
5571 .chain = target_instance_command_handlers,
5574 .chain = target->type->commands,
5576 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
5578 const struct command_registration target_commands[] = {
5581 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5582 .help = "target command group",
5584 .chain = target_subcommands,
5586 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
5588 e = register_commands(cmd_ctx, NULL, target_commands);
5592 struct command *c = command_find_in_context(cmd_ctx, cp);
5594 command_set_handler_data(c, target);
5596 return (ERROR_OK == e) ? JIM_OK : JIM_ERR;
5599 static int jim_target_current(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5602 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "Too many parameters");
5605 struct command_context *cmd_ctx = current_command_context(interp);
5606 assert(cmd_ctx != NULL);
5608 Jim_SetResultString(interp, target_name(get_current_target(cmd_ctx)), -1);
5612 static int jim_target_types(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5615 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "Too many parameters");
5618 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewListObj(interp, NULL, 0));
5619 for (unsigned x = 0; NULL != target_types[x]; x++) {
5620 Jim_ListAppendElement(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
5621 Jim_NewStringObj(interp, target_types[x]->name, -1));
5626 static int jim_target_names(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5629 Jim_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, argv, "Too many parameters");
5632 Jim_SetResult(interp, Jim_NewListObj(interp, NULL, 0));
5633 struct target *target = all_targets;
5635 Jim_ListAppendElement(interp, Jim_GetResult(interp),
5636 Jim_NewStringObj(interp, target_name(target), -1));
5637 target = target->next;
5642 static int jim_target_smp(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5645 const char *targetname;
5647 struct target *target = (struct target *) NULL;
5648 struct target_list *head, *curr, *new;
5649 curr = (struct target_list *) NULL;
5650 head = (struct target_list *) NULL;
5653 LOG_DEBUG("%d", argc);
5654 /* argv[1] = target to associate in smp
5655 * argv[2] = target to assoicate in smp
5659 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
5661 targetname = Jim_GetString(argv[i], &len);
5662 target = get_target(targetname);
5663 LOG_DEBUG("%s ", targetname);
5665 new = malloc(sizeof(struct target_list));
5666 new->target = target;
5667 new->next = (struct target_list *)NULL;
5668 if (head == (struct target_list *)NULL) {
5677 /* now parse the list of cpu and put the target in smp mode*/
5680 while (curr != (struct target_list *)NULL) {
5681 target = curr->target;
5683 target->head = head;
5687 if (target && target->rtos)
5688 retval = rtos_smp_init(head->target);
5694 static int jim_target_create(Jim_Interp *interp, int argc, Jim_Obj *const *argv)
5697 Jim_GetOpt_Setup(&goi, interp, argc - 1, argv + 1);
5699 Jim_WrongNumArgs(goi.interp, goi.argc, goi.argv,
5700 "<name> <target_type> [<target_options> ...]");
5703 return target_create(&goi);
5706 static const struct command_registration target_subcommand_handlers[] = {
5709 .mode = COMMAND_CONFIG,
5710 .handler = handle_target_init_command,
5711 .help = "initialize targets",
5716 .mode = COMMAND_CONFIG,
5717 .jim_handler = jim_target_create,
5718 .usage = "name type '-chain-position' name [options ...]",
5719 .help = "Creates and selects a new target",
5723 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5724 .jim_handler = jim_target_current,
5725 .help = "Returns the currently selected target",
5729 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5730 .jim_handler = jim_target_types,
5731 .help = "Returns the available target types as "
5732 "a list of strings",
5736 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5737 .jim_handler = jim_target_names,
5738 .help = "Returns the names of all targets as a list of strings",
5742 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5743 .jim_handler = jim_target_smp,
5744 .usage = "targetname1 targetname2 ...",
5745 .help = "gather several target in a smp list"
5748 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
5752 target_addr_t address;
5758 static int fastload_num;
5759 static struct FastLoad *fastload;
5761 static void free_fastload(void)
5763 if (fastload != NULL) {
5765 for (i = 0; i < fastload_num; i++) {
5766 if (fastload[i].data)
5767 free(fastload[i].data);
5774 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_fast_load_image_command)
5778 uint32_t image_size;
5779 target_addr_t min_address = 0;
5780 target_addr_t max_address = -1;
5785 int retval = CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(parse_load_image_command_CMD_ARGV,
5786 &image, &min_address, &max_address);
5787 if (ERROR_OK != retval)
5790 struct duration bench;
5791 duration_start(&bench);
5793 retval = image_open(&image, CMD_ARGV[0], (CMD_ARGC >= 3) ? CMD_ARGV[2] : NULL);
5794 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
5799 fastload_num = image.num_sections;
5800 fastload = malloc(sizeof(struct FastLoad)*image.num_sections);
5801 if (fastload == NULL) {
5802 command_print(CMD, "out of memory");
5803 image_close(&image);
5806 memset(fastload, 0, sizeof(struct FastLoad)*image.num_sections);
5807 for (i = 0; i < image.num_sections; i++) {
5808 buffer = malloc(image.sections[i].size);
5809 if (buffer == NULL) {
5810 command_print(CMD, "error allocating buffer for section (%d bytes)",
5811 (int)(image.sections[i].size));
5812 retval = ERROR_FAIL;
5816 retval = image_read_section(&image, i, 0x0, image.sections[i].size, buffer, &buf_cnt);
5817 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
5822 uint32_t offset = 0;
5823 uint32_t length = buf_cnt;
5825 /* DANGER!!! beware of unsigned comparision here!!! */
5827 if ((image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt >= min_address) &&
5828 (image.sections[i].base_address < max_address)) {
5829 if (image.sections[i].base_address < min_address) {
5830 /* clip addresses below */
5831 offset += min_address-image.sections[i].base_address;
5835 if (image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt > max_address)
5836 length -= (image.sections[i].base_address + buf_cnt)-max_address;
5838 fastload[i].address = image.sections[i].base_address + offset;
5839 fastload[i].data = malloc(length);
5840 if (fastload[i].data == NULL) {
5842 command_print(CMD, "error allocating buffer for section (%" PRIu32 " bytes)",
5844 retval = ERROR_FAIL;
5847 memcpy(fastload[i].data, buffer + offset, length);
5848 fastload[i].length = length;
5850 image_size += length;
5851 command_print(CMD, "%u bytes written at address 0x%8.8x",
5852 (unsigned int)length,
5853 ((unsigned int)(image.sections[i].base_address + offset)));
5859 if ((ERROR_OK == retval) && (duration_measure(&bench) == ERROR_OK)) {
5860 command_print(CMD, "Loaded %" PRIu32 " bytes "
5861 "in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)", image_size,
5862 duration_elapsed(&bench), duration_kbps(&bench, image_size));
5865 "WARNING: image has not been loaded to target!"
5866 "You can issue a 'fast_load' to finish loading.");
5869 image_close(&image);
5871 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
5877 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_fast_load_command)
5880 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
5881 if (fastload == NULL) {
5882 LOG_ERROR("No image in memory");
5886 int64_t ms = timeval_ms();
5888 int retval = ERROR_OK;
5889 for (i = 0; i < fastload_num; i++) {
5890 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
5891 command_print(CMD, "Write to 0x%08x, length 0x%08x",
5892 (unsigned int)(fastload[i].address),
5893 (unsigned int)(fastload[i].length));
5894 retval = target_write_buffer(target, fastload[i].address, fastload[i].length, fastload[i].data);
5895 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
5897 size += fastload[i].length;
5899 if (retval == ERROR_OK) {
5900 int64_t after = timeval_ms();
5901 command_print(CMD, "Loaded image %f kBytes/s", (float)(size/1024.0)/((float)(after-ms)/1000.0));
5906 static const struct command_registration target_command_handlers[] = {
5909 .handler = handle_targets_command,
5910 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
5911 .help = "change current default target (one parameter) "
5912 "or prints table of all targets (no parameters)",
5913 .usage = "[target]",
5917 .mode = COMMAND_CONFIG,
5918 .help = "configure target",
5919 .chain = target_subcommand_handlers,
5922 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
5925 int target_register_commands(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
5927 return register_commands(cmd_ctx, NULL, target_command_handlers);
5930 static bool target_reset_nag = true;
5932 bool get_target_reset_nag(void)
5934 return target_reset_nag;
5937 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_target_reset_nag)
5939 return CALL_COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_command_parse_bool,
5940 &target_reset_nag, "Nag after each reset about options to improve "
5944 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_ps_command)
5946 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
5948 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
5949 LOG_INFO("target not halted !!");
5953 if ((target->rtos) && (target->rtos->type)
5954 && (target->rtos->type->ps_command)) {
5955 display = target->rtos->type->ps_command(target);
5956 command_print(CMD, "%s", display);
5961 return ERROR_TARGET_FAILURE;
5965 static void binprint(struct command_invocation *cmd, const char *text, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
5968 command_print_sameline(cmd, "%s", text);
5969 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
5970 command_print_sameline(cmd, " %02x", buf[i]);
5971 command_print(cmd, " ");
5974 COMMAND_HANDLER(handle_test_mem_access_command)
5976 struct target *target = get_current_target(CMD_CTX);
5978 int retval = ERROR_OK;
5980 if (target->state != TARGET_HALTED) {
5981 LOG_INFO("target not halted !!");
5986 return ERROR_COMMAND_SYNTAX_ERROR;
5988 COMMAND_PARSE_NUMBER(u32, CMD_ARGV[0], test_size);
5991 size_t num_bytes = test_size + 4;
5993 struct working_area *wa = NULL;
5994 retval = target_alloc_working_area(target, num_bytes, &wa);
5995 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
5996 LOG_ERROR("Not enough working area");
6000 uint8_t *test_pattern = malloc(num_bytes);
6002 for (size_t i = 0; i < num_bytes; i++)
6003 test_pattern[i] = rand();
6005 retval = target_write_memory(target, wa->address, 1, num_bytes, test_pattern);
6006 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6007 LOG_ERROR("Test pattern write failed");
6011 for (int host_offset = 0; host_offset <= 1; host_offset++) {
6012 for (int size = 1; size <= 4; size *= 2) {
6013 for (int offset = 0; offset < 4; offset++) {
6014 uint32_t count = test_size / size;
6015 size_t host_bufsiz = (count + 2) * size + host_offset;
6016 uint8_t *read_ref = malloc(host_bufsiz);
6017 uint8_t *read_buf = malloc(host_bufsiz);
6019 for (size_t i = 0; i < host_bufsiz; i++) {
6020 read_ref[i] = rand();
6021 read_buf[i] = read_ref[i];
6023 command_print_sameline(CMD,
6024 "Test read %" PRIu32 " x %d @ %d to %saligned buffer: ", count,
6025 size, offset, host_offset ? "un" : "");
6027 struct duration bench;
6028 duration_start(&bench);
6030 retval = target_read_memory(target, wa->address + offset, size, count,
6031 read_buf + size + host_offset);
6033 duration_measure(&bench);
6035 if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) {
6036 command_print(CMD, "Unsupported alignment");
6038 } else if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6039 command_print(CMD, "Memory read failed");
6043 /* replay on host */
6044 memcpy(read_ref + size + host_offset, test_pattern + offset, count * size);
6047 int result = memcmp(read_ref, read_buf, host_bufsiz);
6049 command_print(CMD, "Pass in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)",
6050 duration_elapsed(&bench),
6051 duration_kbps(&bench, count * size));
6053 command_print(CMD, "Compare failed");
6054 binprint(CMD, "ref:", read_ref, host_bufsiz);
6055 binprint(CMD, "buf:", read_buf, host_bufsiz);
6068 target_free_working_area(target, wa);
6071 num_bytes = test_size + 4 + 4 + 4;
6073 retval = target_alloc_working_area(target, num_bytes, &wa);
6074 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6075 LOG_ERROR("Not enough working area");
6079 test_pattern = malloc(num_bytes);
6081 for (size_t i = 0; i < num_bytes; i++)
6082 test_pattern[i] = rand();
6084 for (int host_offset = 0; host_offset <= 1; host_offset++) {
6085 for (int size = 1; size <= 4; size *= 2) {
6086 for (int offset = 0; offset < 4; offset++) {
6087 uint32_t count = test_size / size;
6088 size_t host_bufsiz = count * size + host_offset;
6089 uint8_t *read_ref = malloc(num_bytes);
6090 uint8_t *read_buf = malloc(num_bytes);
6091 uint8_t *write_buf = malloc(host_bufsiz);
6093 for (size_t i = 0; i < host_bufsiz; i++)
6094 write_buf[i] = rand();
6095 command_print_sameline(CMD,
6096 "Test write %" PRIu32 " x %d @ %d from %saligned buffer: ", count,
6097 size, offset, host_offset ? "un" : "");
6099 retval = target_write_memory(target, wa->address, 1, num_bytes, test_pattern);
6100 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6101 command_print(CMD, "Test pattern write failed");
6105 /* replay on host */
6106 memcpy(read_ref, test_pattern, num_bytes);
6107 memcpy(read_ref + size + offset, write_buf + host_offset, count * size);
6109 struct duration bench;
6110 duration_start(&bench);
6112 retval = target_write_memory(target, wa->address + size + offset, size, count,
6113 write_buf + host_offset);
6115 duration_measure(&bench);
6117 if (retval == ERROR_TARGET_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) {
6118 command_print(CMD, "Unsupported alignment");
6120 } else if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6121 command_print(CMD, "Memory write failed");
6126 retval = target_read_memory(target, wa->address, 1, num_bytes, read_buf);
6127 if (retval != ERROR_OK) {
6128 command_print(CMD, "Test pattern write failed");
6133 int result = memcmp(read_ref, read_buf, num_bytes);
6135 command_print(CMD, "Pass in %fs (%0.3f KiB/s)",
6136 duration_elapsed(&bench),
6137 duration_kbps(&bench, count * size));
6139 command_print(CMD, "Compare failed");
6140 binprint(CMD, "ref:", read_ref, num_bytes);
6141 binprint(CMD, "buf:", read_buf, num_bytes);
6153 target_free_working_area(target, wa);
6157 static const struct command_registration target_exec_command_handlers[] = {
6159 .name = "fast_load_image",
6160 .handler = handle_fast_load_image_command,
6161 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
6162 .help = "Load image into server memory for later use by "
6163 "fast_load; primarily for profiling",
6164 .usage = "filename address ['bin'|'ihex'|'elf'|'s19'] "
6165 "[min_address [max_length]]",
6168 .name = "fast_load",
6169 .handler = handle_fast_load_command,
6170 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6171 .help = "loads active fast load image to current target "
6172 "- mainly for profiling purposes",
6177 .handler = handle_profile_command,
6178 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6179 .usage = "seconds filename [start end]",
6180 .help = "profiling samples the CPU PC",
6182 /** @todo don't register virt2phys() unless target supports it */
6184 .name = "virt2phys",
6185 .handler = handle_virt2phys_command,
6186 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
6187 .help = "translate a virtual address into a physical address",
6188 .usage = "virtual_address",
6192 .handler = handle_reg_command,
6193 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6194 .help = "display (reread from target with \"force\") or set a register; "
6195 "with no arguments, displays all registers and their values",
6196 .usage = "[(register_number|register_name) [(value|'force')]]",
6200 .handler = handle_poll_command,
6201 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6202 .help = "poll target state; or reconfigure background polling",
6203 .usage = "['on'|'off']",
6206 .name = "wait_halt",
6207 .handler = handle_wait_halt_command,
6208 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6209 .help = "wait up to the specified number of milliseconds "
6210 "(default 5000) for a previously requested halt",
6211 .usage = "[milliseconds]",
6215 .handler = handle_halt_command,
6216 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6217 .help = "request target to halt, then wait up to the specified"
6218 "number of milliseconds (default 5000) for it to complete",
6219 .usage = "[milliseconds]",
6223 .handler = handle_resume_command,
6224 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6225 .help = "resume target execution from current PC or address",
6226 .usage = "[address]",
6230 .handler = handle_reset_command,
6231 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6232 .usage = "[run|halt|init]",
6233 .help = "Reset all targets into the specified mode."
6234 "Default reset mode is run, if not given.",
6237 .name = "soft_reset_halt",
6238 .handler = handle_soft_reset_halt_command,
6239 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6241 .help = "halt the target and do a soft reset",
6245 .handler = handle_step_command,
6246 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6247 .help = "step one instruction from current PC or address",
6248 .usage = "[address]",
6252 .handler = handle_md_command,
6253 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6254 .help = "display memory double-words",
6255 .usage = "['phys'] address [count]",
6259 .handler = handle_md_command,
6260 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6261 .help = "display memory words",
6262 .usage = "['phys'] address [count]",
6266 .handler = handle_md_command,
6267 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6268 .help = "display memory half-words",
6269 .usage = "['phys'] address [count]",
6273 .handler = handle_md_command,
6274 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6275 .help = "display memory bytes",
6276 .usage = "['phys'] address [count]",
6280 .handler = handle_mw_command,
6281 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6282 .help = "write memory double-word",
6283 .usage = "['phys'] address value [count]",
6287 .handler = handle_mw_command,
6288 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6289 .help = "write memory word",
6290 .usage = "['phys'] address value [count]",
6294 .handler = handle_mw_command,
6295 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6296 .help = "write memory half-word",
6297 .usage = "['phys'] address value [count]",
6301 .handler = handle_mw_command,
6302 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6303 .help = "write memory byte",
6304 .usage = "['phys'] address value [count]",
6308 .handler = handle_bp_command,
6309 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6310 .help = "list or set hardware or software breakpoint",
6311 .usage = "[<address> [<asid>] <length> ['hw'|'hw_ctx']]",
6315 .handler = handle_rbp_command,
6316 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6317 .help = "remove breakpoint",
6322 .handler = handle_wp_command,
6323 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6324 .help = "list (no params) or create watchpoints",
6325 .usage = "[address length [('r'|'w'|'a') value [mask]]]",
6329 .handler = handle_rwp_command,
6330 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6331 .help = "remove watchpoint",
6335 .name = "load_image",
6336 .handler = handle_load_image_command,
6337 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6338 .usage = "filename address ['bin'|'ihex'|'elf'|'s19'] "
6339 "[min_address] [max_length]",
6342 .name = "dump_image",
6343 .handler = handle_dump_image_command,
6344 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6345 .usage = "filename address size",
6348 .name = "verify_image_checksum",
6349 .handler = handle_verify_image_checksum_command,
6350 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6351 .usage = "filename [offset [type]]",
6354 .name = "verify_image",
6355 .handler = handle_verify_image_command,
6356 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6357 .usage = "filename [offset [type]]",
6360 .name = "test_image",
6361 .handler = handle_test_image_command,
6362 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6363 .usage = "filename [offset [type]]",
6366 .name = "mem2array",
6367 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6368 .jim_handler = jim_mem2array,
6369 .help = "read 8/16/32 bit memory and return as a TCL array "
6370 "for script processing",
6371 .usage = "arrayname bitwidth address count",
6374 .name = "array2mem",
6375 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6376 .jim_handler = jim_array2mem,
6377 .help = "convert a TCL array to memory locations "
6378 "and write the 8/16/32 bit values",
6379 .usage = "arrayname bitwidth address count",
6382 .name = "reset_nag",
6383 .handler = handle_target_reset_nag,
6384 .mode = COMMAND_ANY,
6385 .help = "Nag after each reset about options that could have been "
6386 "enabled to improve performance. ",
6387 .usage = "['enable'|'disable']",
6391 .handler = handle_ps_command,
6392 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6393 .help = "list all tasks ",
6397 .name = "test_mem_access",
6398 .handler = handle_test_mem_access_command,
6399 .mode = COMMAND_EXEC,
6400 .help = "Test the target's memory access functions",
6404 COMMAND_REGISTRATION_DONE
6406 static int target_register_user_commands(struct command_context *cmd_ctx)
6408 int retval = ERROR_OK;
6409 retval = target_request_register_commands(cmd_ctx);
6410 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
6413 retval = trace_register_commands(cmd_ctx);
6414 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
6418 return register_commands(cmd_ctx, NULL, target_exec_command_handlers);