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   1 /***************************************************************************
   2  *   Copyright (C) 2013 Andes Technology                                   *
   3  *   Hsiangkai Wang <hkwang@andestech.com>                                 *
   4  *                                                                         *
   5  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
   6  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
   7  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
   8  *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
   9  *                                                                         *
  10  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
  11  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
  12  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
  13  *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
  14  *                                                                         *
  15  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
  16  *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
  17  *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
  18  *   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.           *
  19  ***************************************************************************/
  20
  21 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  22 #include "config.h"
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include "breakpoints.h"
  26 #include "nds32_reg.h"
  27 #include "nds32_disassembler.h"
  28 #include "nds32.h"
  29 #include "nds32_aice.h"
  30 #include "nds32_v3_common.h"
  31
  32 static struct breakpoint syscall_breakpoint = {
  33         0x80,
  34         0,
  35         4,
  36         BKPT_SOFT,
  37         0,
  38         NULL,
  39         NULL,
  40         0x515CA11,
  41         0,
  42 };
  43
  44 static struct nds32_v3_common_callback *v3_common_callback;
  45
  46 static int nds32_v3_register_mapping(struct nds32 *nds32, int reg_no)
  47 {
  48         if (reg_no == PC)
  49                 return IR11;
  50
  51         return reg_no;
  52 }
  53
  54 static int nds32_v3_get_debug_reason(struct nds32 *nds32, uint32_t *reason)
  55 {
  56         uint32_t edmsw;
  57         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
  58         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
  59
  60         *reason = (edmsw >> 12) & 0x0F;
  61
  62         return ERROR_OK;
  63 }
  64
  65 /**
  66  * Save processor state.  This is called after a HALT instruction
  67  * succeeds, and on other occasions the processor enters debug mode
  68  * (breakpoint, watchpoint, etc).
  69  */
  70 static int nds32_v3_debug_entry(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
  71 {
  72         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_debug_entry");
  73
  74         enum target_state backup_state = nds32->target->state;
  75         nds32->target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
  76
  77         if (nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted == false) {
  78                 /* init architecture info according to config registers */
  79                 CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_config(nds32));
  80
  81                 nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted = true;
  82         }
  83
  84         /* REVISIT entire cache should already be invalid !!! */
  85         register_cache_invalidate(nds32->core_cache);
  86
  87         /* deactivate all hardware breakpoints */
  88         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
  89
  90         if (enable_watchpoint)
  91                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
  92
  93         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
  94                 if (syscall_breakpoint.set) {
  95                         /** disable virtual hosting */
  96
  97                         /* remove breakpoint at syscall entry */
  98                         target_remove_breakpoint(nds32->target, &syscall_breakpoint);
  99                         syscall_breakpoint.set = 0;
 100
 101                         uint32_t value_pc;
 102                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &value_pc);
 103                         if (value_pc == syscall_breakpoint.address)
 104                                 /** process syscall for virtual hosting */
 105                                 nds32->hit_syscall = true;
 106                 }
 107         }
 108
 109         if (ERROR_OK != nds32_examine_debug_reason(nds32)) {
 110                 nds32->target->state = backup_state;
 111
 112                 /* re-activate all hardware breakpoints & watchpoints */
 113                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
 114
 115                 if (enable_watchpoint)
 116                         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
 117
 118                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 119         }
 120
 121         /* Save registers. */
 122         nds32_full_context(nds32);
 123
 124         /* check interrupt level */
 125         v3_common_callback->check_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 126
 127         return ERROR_OK;
 128 }
 129
 130 /**
 131  * Restore processor state.
 132  */
 133 static int nds32_v3_leave_debug_state(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
 134 {
 135         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_leave_debug_state");
 136
 137         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 138
 139         /* activate all hardware breakpoints */
 140         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(target));
 141
 142         if (enable_watchpoint) {
 143                 /* activate all watchpoints */
 144                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(target));
 145         }
 146
 147         /* restore interrupt stack */
 148         v3_common_callback->restore_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 149
 150         /* REVISIT once we start caring about MMU and cache state,
 151          * address it here ...
 152          */
 153
 154         /* restore PSW, PC, and R0 ... after flushing any modified
 155          * registers.
 156          */
 157         CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_restore_context(target));
 158
 159         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
 160                 /** enable virtual hosting */
 161                 uint32_t value_ir3;
 162                 uint32_t entry_size;
 163                 uint32_t syscall_address;
 164
 165                 /* get syscall entry address */
 166                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR3, &value_ir3);
 167                 entry_size = 0x4 << (((value_ir3 >> 14) & 0x3) << 1);
 168                 syscall_address = (value_ir3 & 0xFFFF0000) + entry_size * 8; /* The index of SYSCALL is 8 */
 169
 170                 if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 171                         /* single step to skip syscall entry */
 172                         /* use IRET to skip syscall */
 173                         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 174                         uint32_t value_ir9;
 175                         uint32_t value_ir6;
 176                         uint32_t syscall_id;
 177
 178                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR6, &value_ir6);
 179                         syscall_id = (value_ir6 >> 16) & 0x7FFF;
 180
 181                         if (syscall_id == NDS32_SYSCALL_EXIT) {
 182                                 /* If target hits exit syscall, do not use IRET to skip handler. */
 183                                 aice_step(aice);
 184                         } else {
 185                                 /* use api->read/write_reg to skip nds32 register cache */
 186                                 uint32_t value_dimbr;
 187                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_DIMBR, &value_dimbr);
 188                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR11, value_dimbr + 0xC);
 189
 190                                 aice_read_register(aice, IR9, &value_ir9);
 191                                 value_ir9 += 4; /* syscall is always 4 bytes */
 192                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR9, value_ir9);
 193
 194                                 /* backup hardware breakpoint 0 */
 195                                 uint32_t backup_bpa, backup_bpam, backup_bpc;
 196                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, &backup_bpa);
 197                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, &backup_bpam);
 198                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, &backup_bpc);
 199
 200                                 /* use hardware breakpoint 0 to stop cpu after skipping syscall */
 201                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, value_ir9);
 202                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, 0);
 203                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, 0xA);
 204
 205                                 /* Execute two IRET.
 206                                  * First IRET is used to quit debug mode.
 207                                  * Second IRET is used to quit current syscall. */
 208                                 uint32_t dim_inst[4] = {NOP, NOP, IRET, IRET};
 209                                 aice_execute(aice, dim_inst, 4);
 210
 211                                 /* restore origin hardware breakpoint 0 */
 212                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, backup_bpa);
 213                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, backup_bpam);
 214                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, backup_bpc);
 215                         }
 216
 217                         nds32->hit_syscall = false;
 218                 }
 219
 220                 /* insert breakpoint at syscall entry */
 221                 syscall_breakpoint.address = syscall_address;
 222                 syscall_breakpoint.type = BKPT_SOFT;
 223                 syscall_breakpoint.set = 1;
 224                 target_add_breakpoint(target, &syscall_breakpoint);
 225         }
 226
 227         return ERROR_OK;
 228 }
 229
 230 static int nds32_v3_get_exception_address(struct nds32 *nds32,
 231                 uint32_t *address, uint32_t reason)
 232 {
 233         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_get_exception_address");
 234
 235         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
 236         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 237         uint32_t edmsw;
 238         uint32_t edm_cfg;
 239         uint32_t match_bits;
 240         uint32_t match_count;
 241         int32_t i;
 242         static int32_t number_of_hard_break;
 243
 244         if (number_of_hard_break == 0) {
 245                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDM_CFG, &edm_cfg);
 246                 number_of_hard_break = (edm_cfg & 0x7) + 1;
 247         }
 248
 249         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
 250         /* clear matching bits (write-one-clear) */
 251         aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, edmsw);
 252         match_bits = (edmsw >> 4) & 0xFF;
 253         match_count = 0;
 254         for (i = 0 ; i < number_of_hard_break ; i++) {
 255                 if (match_bits & (1 << i)) {
 256                         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0 + i, address);
 257                         match_count++;
 258                 }
 259         }
 260
 261         if (match_count > 1) { /* multiple hits */
 262                 *address = 0;
 263                 return ERROR_OK;
 264         } else if (match_count == 1) {
 265                 uint32_t val_pc;
 266                 uint32_t opcode;
 267                 struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 268                 struct watchpoint *wp;
 269                 bool hit;
 270
 271                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 272
 273                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_ADDR_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason) ||
 274                                 (NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_VALUE_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason)) {
 275                         if (edmsw & 0x4) /* check EDMSW.IS_16BIT */
 276                                 val_pc -= 2;
 277                         else
 278                                 val_pc -= 4;
 279                 }
 280
 281                 nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 282                 nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 283
 284                 LOG_DEBUG("PC: 0x%08x, access start: 0x%08x, end: 0x%08x", val_pc,
 285                                 instruction.access_start, instruction.access_end);
 286
 287                 /* check if multiple hits in the access range */
 288                 uint32_t in_range_watch_count = 0;
 289                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 290                         if ((instruction.access_start <= wp->address) &&
 291                                         (wp->address < instruction.access_end))
 292                                 in_range_watch_count++;
 293                 }
 294                 if (in_range_watch_count > 1) {
 295                         /* Hit LSMW instruction. */
 296                         *address = 0;
 297                         return ERROR_OK;
 298                 }
 299
 300                 /* dispel false match */
 301                 hit = false;
 302                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 303                         if (((*address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 304                                 uint32_t watch_start;
 305                                 uint32_t watch_end;
 306
 307                                 watch_start = wp->address;
 308                                 watch_end = wp->address + wp->length;
 309
 310                                 if ((watch_end <= instruction.access_start) ||
 311                                                 (instruction.access_end <= watch_start))
 312                                         continue;
 313
 314                                 hit = true;
 315                                 break;
 316                         }
 317                 }
 318
 319                 if (hit)
 320                         return ERROR_OK;
 321                 else
 322                         return ERROR_FAIL;
 323         } else if (match_count == 0) {
 324                 /* global stop is precise exception */
 325                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_LOAD_STORE_GLOBAL_STOP == reason) && nds32->global_stop) {
 326                         /* parse instruction to get correct access address */
 327                         uint32_t val_pc;
 328                         uint32_t opcode;
 329                         struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 330
 331                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 332                         nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 333                         nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 334
 335                         *address = instruction.access_start;
 336
 337                         return ERROR_OK;
 338                 }
 339         }
 340
 341         *address = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 342         return ERROR_FAIL;
 343 }
 344
 345 void nds32_v3_common_register_callback(struct nds32_v3_common_callback *callback)
 346 {
 347         v3_common_callback = callback;
 348 }
 349
 350 /** target_type functions: */
 351 /* target request support */
 352 int nds32_v3_target_request_data(struct target *target,
 353                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 354 {
 355         /* AndesCore could use DTR register to communicate with OpenOCD
 356          * to output messages
 357          * Target data will be put in buffer
 358          * The format of DTR is as follow
 359          * DTR[31:16] => length, DTR[15:8] => size, DTR[7:0] => target_req_cmd
 360          * target_req_cmd has three possible values:
 361          *   TARGET_REQ_TRACEMSG
 362          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGMSG
 363          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGCHAR
 364          * if size == 0, target will call target_asciimsg(),
 365          * else call target_hexmsg()
 366          */
 367         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 368
 369         return ERROR_OK;
 370 }
 371
 372 int nds32_v3_soft_reset_halt(struct target *target)
 373 {
 374         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 375         return aice_assert_srst(aice, AICE_RESET_HOLD);
 376 }
 377
 378 int nds32_v3_checksum_memory(struct target *target,
 379                 uint32_t address, uint32_t count, uint32_t *checksum)
 380 {
 381         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 382
 383         return ERROR_FAIL;
 384 }
 385
 386 /**
 387  * find out which watchpoint hits
 388  * get exception address and compare the address to watchpoints
 389  */
 390 int nds32_v3_hit_watchpoint(struct target *target,
 391                 struct watchpoint **hit_watchpoint)
 392 {
 393         static struct watchpoint scan_all_watchpoint;
 394
 395         uint32_t exception_address;
 396         struct watchpoint *wp;
 397         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 398
 399         exception_address = nds32->watched_address;
 400
 401         if (exception_address == 0xFFFFFFFF)
 402                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 403
 404         if (exception_address == 0) {
 405                 scan_all_watchpoint.address = 0;
 406                 scan_all_watchpoint.rw = WPT_WRITE;
 407                 scan_all_watchpoint.next = 0;
 408                 scan_all_watchpoint.unique_id = 0x5CA8;
 409
 410                 *hit_watchpoint = &scan_all_watchpoint;
 411                 return ERROR_OK;
 412         }
 413
 414         for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 415                 if (((exception_address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 416                         *hit_watchpoint = wp;
 417
 418                         return ERROR_OK;
 419                 }
 420         }
 421
 422         return ERROR_FAIL;
 423 }
 424
 425 int nds32_v3_target_create_common(struct target *target, struct nds32 *nds32)
 426 {
 427         nds32->register_map = nds32_v3_register_mapping;
 428         nds32->get_debug_reason = nds32_v3_get_debug_reason;
 429         nds32->enter_debug_state = nds32_v3_debug_entry;
 430         nds32->leave_debug_state = nds32_v3_leave_debug_state;
 431         nds32->get_watched_address = nds32_v3_get_exception_address;
 432
 433         /* Init target->arch_info in nds32_init_arch_info().
 434          * After this, user could use target_to_nds32() to get nds32 object */
 435         nds32_init_arch_info(target, nds32);
 436
 437         return ERROR_OK;
 438 }
 439
 440 int nds32_v3_run_algorithm(struct target *target,
 441                 int num_mem_params,
 442                 struct mem_param *mem_params,
 443                 int num_reg_params,
 444                 struct reg_param *reg_params,
 445                 uint32_t entry_point,
 446                 uint32_t exit_point,
 447                 int timeout_ms,
 448                 void *arch_info)
 449 {
 450         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 451
 452         return ERROR_FAIL;
 453 }
 454
 455 int nds32_v3_read_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 456                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 457 {
 458         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 459         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 460
 461         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 462                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 463                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 464                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 465         }
 466
 467         uint32_t physical_address;
 468         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 469          * for second page or so. */
 470
 471         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 472          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 473          *
 474          * Disable all interrupts
 475          * Become superuser mode
 476          * Turn off IT/DT
 477          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 478          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 479          * Disable audio special features
 480          * Disable inline function call
 481          *
 482          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 483          * to physical address.
 484          */
 485         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 486                 address = physical_address;
 487         else
 488                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 489
 490         int result;
 491         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 492         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 493         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 494
 495         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 496                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 497                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 498                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 499                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 500         }
 501
 502         result = nds32_read_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 503
 504         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 505                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 506                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 507                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 508         }
 509
 510         return result;
 511 }
 512
 513 int nds32_v3_write_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 514                 uint32_t size, const uint8_t *buffer)
 515 {
 516         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 517         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 518
 519         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 520                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 521                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 522                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 523         }
 524
 525         uint32_t physical_address;
 526         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 527          * for second page or so. */
 528
 529         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 530          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 531          *
 532          * Disable all interrupts
 533          * Become superuser mode
 534          * Turn off IT/DT
 535          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 536          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 537          * Disable audio special features
 538          * Disable inline function call
 539          *
 540          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 541          * to physical address.
 542          */
 543         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 544                 address = physical_address;
 545         else
 546                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 547
 548         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 549                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 550                 struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 551                 enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel;
 552                 int result;
 553
 554                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 555                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 556                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 557
 558                 result = nds32_gdb_fileio_write_memory(nds32, address, size, buffer);
 559
 560                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 561                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 562
 563                 return result;
 564         }
 565
 566         return nds32_write_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 567 }
 568
 569 int nds32_v3_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 570                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
 571 {
 572         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 573         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 574
 575         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 576                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 577                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 578                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 579         }
 580
 581         uint32_t physical_address;
 582         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 583          * for second page or so. */
 584
 585         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 586          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 587          *
 588          * Disable all interrupts
 589          * Become superuser mode
 590          * Turn off IT/DT
 591          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 592          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 593          * Disable audio special features
 594          * Disable inline function call
 595          *
 596          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 597          * to physical address.
 598          */
 599         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 600                 address = physical_address;
 601         else
 602                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 603
 604         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 605         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 606         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 607         int result;
 608
 609         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 610                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 611                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 612                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 613                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 614         }
 615
 616         result = nds32_read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 617
 618         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 619                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 620                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 621                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 622         }
 623
 624         return result;
 625 }
 626
 627 int nds32_v3_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 628                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
 629 {
 630         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 631         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 632
 633         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 634                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 635                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 636                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 637         }
 638
 639         uint32_t physical_address;
 640         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 641          * for second page or so. */
 642
 643         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 644          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 645          *
 646          * Disable all interrupts
 647          * Become superuser mode
 648          * Turn off IT/DT
 649          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 650          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 651          * Disable audio special features
 652          * Disable inline function call
 653          *
 654          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 655          * to physical address.
 656          */
 657         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 658                 address = physical_address;
 659         else
 660                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 661
 662         return nds32_write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 663 }
 664
 665 int nds32_v3_init_target(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
 666                 struct target *target)
 667 {
 668         /* Initialize anything we can set up without talking to the target */
 669         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 670
 671         nds32_init(nds32);
 672
 673         target->fileio_info = malloc(sizeof(struct gdb_fileio_info));
 674         target->fileio_info->identifier = NULL;
 675
 676         return ERROR_OK;
 677 }