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   1 /***************************************************************************
   2  *   Copyright (C) 2013 Andes Technology                                   *
   3  *   Hsiangkai Wang <hkwang@andestech.com>                                 *
   4  *                                                                         *
   5  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
   6  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
   7  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
   8  *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
   9  *                                                                         *
  10  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
  11  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
  12  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
  13  *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
  14  *                                                                         *
  15  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
  16  *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
  17  *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
  18  *   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.           *
  19  ***************************************************************************/
  20
  21 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  22 #include "config.h"
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include "breakpoints.h"
  26 #include "nds32_reg.h"
  27 #include "nds32_disassembler.h"
  28 #include "nds32.h"
  29 #include "nds32_aice.h"
  30 #include "nds32_v3_common.h"
  31
  32 static struct breakpoint syscall_breakpoint = {
  33         0x80,
  34         0,
  35         4,
  36         BKPT_SOFT,
  37         0,
  38         NULL,
  39         NULL,
  40         0x515CA11,
  41         0,
  42 };
  43
  44 static struct nds32_v3_common_callback *v3_common_callback;
  45
  46 static int nds32_v3_register_mapping(struct nds32 *nds32, int reg_no)
  47 {
  48         if (reg_no == PC)
  49                 return IR11;
  50
  51         return reg_no;
  52 }
  53
  54 static int nds32_v3_get_debug_reason(struct nds32 *nds32, uint32_t *reason)
  55 {
  56         uint32_t edmsw;
  57         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
  58         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
  59
  60         *reason = (edmsw >> 12) & 0x0F;
  61
  62         return ERROR_OK;
  63 }
  64
  65 /**
  66  * Save processor state.  This is called after a HALT instruction
  67  * succeeds, and on other occasions the processor enters debug mode
  68  * (breakpoint, watchpoint, etc).
  69  */
  70 static int nds32_v3_debug_entry(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
  71 {
  72         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_debug_entry");
  73
  74         enum target_state backup_state = nds32->target->state;
  75         nds32->target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
  76
  77         if (nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted == false) {
  78                 /* init architecture info according to config registers */
  79                 CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_config(nds32));
  80
  81                 nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted = true;
  82         }
  83
  84         /* REVISIT entire cache should already be invalid !!! */
  85         register_cache_invalidate(nds32->core_cache);
  86
  87         /* deactivate all hardware breakpoints */
  88         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
  89
  90         if (enable_watchpoint)
  91                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
  92
  93         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
  94                 if (syscall_breakpoint.set) {
  95                         /** disable virtual hosting */
  96
  97                         /* remove breakpoint at syscall entry */
  98                         target_remove_breakpoint(nds32->target, &syscall_breakpoint);
  99                         syscall_breakpoint.set = 0;
 100
 101                         uint32_t value_pc;
 102                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &value_pc);
 103                         if (value_pc == syscall_breakpoint.address)
 104                                 /** process syscall for virtual hosting */
 105                                 nds32->hit_syscall = true;
 106                 }
 107         }
 108
 109         if (ERROR_OK != nds32_examine_debug_reason(nds32)) {
 110                 nds32->target->state = backup_state;
 111
 112                 /* re-activate all hardware breakpoints & watchpoints */
 113                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
 114
 115                 if (enable_watchpoint)
 116                         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
 117
 118                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 119         }
 120
 121         /* Save registers. */
 122         nds32_full_context(nds32);
 123
 124         /* check interrupt level */
 125         v3_common_callback->check_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 126
 127         return ERROR_OK;
 128 }
 129
 130 /**
 131  * Restore processor state.
 132  */
 133 static int nds32_v3_leave_debug_state(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
 134 {
 135         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_leave_debug_state");
 136
 137         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 138
 139         /* activate all hardware breakpoints */
 140         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(target));
 141
 142         if (enable_watchpoint) {
 143                 /* activate all watchpoints */
 144                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(target));
 145         }
 146
 147         /* restore interrupt stack */
 148         v3_common_callback->restore_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 149
 150         /* REVISIT once we start caring about MMU and cache state,
 151          * address it here ...
 152          */
 153
 154         /* restore PSW, PC, and R0 ... after flushing any modified
 155          * registers.
 156          */
 157         CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_restore_context(target));
 158
 159         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
 160                 /** enable virtual hosting */
 161                 uint32_t value_ir3;
 162                 uint32_t entry_size;
 163                 uint32_t syscall_address;
 164
 165                 /* get syscall entry address */
 166                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR3, &value_ir3);
 167                 entry_size = 0x4 << (((value_ir3 >> 14) & 0x3) << 1);
 168                 syscall_address = (value_ir3 & 0xFFFF0000) + entry_size * 8; /* The index of SYSCALL is 8 */
 169
 170                 if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 171                         /* single step to skip syscall entry */
 172                         /* use IRET to skip syscall */
 173                         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 174                         uint32_t value_ir9;
 175                         uint32_t value_ir6;
 176                         uint32_t syscall_id;
 177
 178                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR6, &value_ir6);
 179                         syscall_id = (value_ir6 >> 16) & 0x7FFF;
 180
 181                         if (syscall_id == NDS32_SYSCALL_EXIT) {
 182                                 /* If target hits exit syscall, do not use IRET to skip handler. */
 183                                 aice_step(aice);
 184                         } else {
 185                                 /* use api->read/write_reg to skip nds32 register cache */
 186                                 uint32_t value_dimbr;
 187                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_DIMBR, &value_dimbr);
 188                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR11, value_dimbr + 0xC);
 189
 190                                 aice_read_register(aice, IR9, &value_ir9);
 191                                 value_ir9 += 4; /* syscall is always 4 bytes */
 192                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR9, value_ir9);
 193
 194                                 /* backup hardware breakpoint 0 */
 195                                 uint32_t backup_bpa, backup_bpam, backup_bpc;
 196                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, &backup_bpa);
 197                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, &backup_bpam);
 198                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, &backup_bpc);
 199
 200                                 /* use hardware breakpoint 0 to stop cpu after skipping syscall */
 201                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, value_ir9);
 202                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, 0);
 203                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, 0xA);
 204
 205                                 /* Execute two IRET.
 206                                  * First IRET is used to quit debug mode.
 207                                  * Second IRET is used to quit current syscall. */
 208                                 uint32_t dim_inst[4] = {NOP, NOP, IRET, IRET};
 209                                 aice_execute(aice, dim_inst, 4);
 210
 211                                 /* restore origin hardware breakpoint 0 */
 212                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, backup_bpa);
 213                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, backup_bpam);
 214                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, backup_bpc);
 215                         }
 216
 217                         nds32->hit_syscall = false;
 218                 }
 219
 220                 /* insert breakpoint at syscall entry */
 221                 syscall_breakpoint.address = syscall_address;
 222                 syscall_breakpoint.type = BKPT_SOFT;
 223                 syscall_breakpoint.set = 1;
 224                 target_add_breakpoint(target, &syscall_breakpoint);
 225         }
 226
 227         return ERROR_OK;
 228 }
 229
 230 static int nds32_v3_get_exception_address(struct nds32 *nds32,
 231                 uint32_t *address, uint32_t reason)
 232 {
 233         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_get_exception_address");
 234
 235         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
 236         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 237         uint32_t edmsw;
 238         uint32_t edm_cfg;
 239         uint32_t match_bits;
 240         uint32_t match_count;
 241         int32_t i;
 242         static int32_t number_of_hard_break;
 243         uint32_t bp_control;
 244
 245         if (number_of_hard_break == 0) {
 246                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDM_CFG, &edm_cfg);
 247                 number_of_hard_break = (edm_cfg & 0x7) + 1;
 248         }
 249
 250         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
 251         /* clear matching bits (write-one-clear) */
 252         aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, edmsw);
 253         match_bits = (edmsw >> 4) & 0xFF;
 254         match_count = 0;
 255         for (i = 0 ; i < number_of_hard_break ; i++) {
 256                 if (match_bits & (1 << i)) {
 257                         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0 + i, address);
 258                         match_count++;
 259
 260                         /* If target hits multiple read/access watchpoint,
 261                          * select the first one. */
 262                         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0 + i, &bp_control);
 263                         if (0x3 == (bp_control & 0x3)) {
 264                                 match_count = 1;
 265                                 break;
 266                         }
 267                 }
 268         }
 269
 270         if (match_count > 1) { /* multiple hits */
 271                 *address = 0;
 272                 return ERROR_OK;
 273         } else if (match_count == 1) {
 274                 uint32_t val_pc;
 275                 uint32_t opcode;
 276                 struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 277                 struct watchpoint *wp;
 278                 bool hit;
 279
 280                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 281
 282                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_ADDR_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason) ||
 283                                 (NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_VALUE_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason)) {
 284                         if (edmsw & 0x4) /* check EDMSW.IS_16BIT */
 285                                 val_pc -= 2;
 286                         else
 287                                 val_pc -= 4;
 288                 }
 289
 290                 nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 291                 nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 292
 293                 LOG_DEBUG("PC: 0x%08x, access start: 0x%08x, end: 0x%08x", val_pc,
 294                                 instruction.access_start, instruction.access_end);
 295
 296                 /* check if multiple hits in the access range */
 297                 uint32_t in_range_watch_count = 0;
 298                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 299                         if ((instruction.access_start <= wp->address) &&
 300                                         (wp->address < instruction.access_end))
 301                                 in_range_watch_count++;
 302                 }
 303                 if (in_range_watch_count > 1) {
 304                         /* Hit LSMW instruction. */
 305                         *address = 0;
 306                         return ERROR_OK;
 307                 }
 308
 309                 /* dispel false match */
 310                 hit = false;
 311                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 312                         if (((*address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 313                                 uint32_t watch_start;
 314                                 uint32_t watch_end;
 315
 316                                 watch_start = wp->address;
 317                                 watch_end = wp->address + wp->length;
 318
 319                                 if ((watch_end <= instruction.access_start) ||
 320                                                 (instruction.access_end <= watch_start))
 321                                         continue;
 322
 323                                 hit = true;
 324                                 break;
 325                         }
 326                 }
 327
 328                 if (hit)
 329                         return ERROR_OK;
 330                 else
 331                         return ERROR_FAIL;
 332         } else if (match_count == 0) {
 333                 /* global stop is precise exception */
 334                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_LOAD_STORE_GLOBAL_STOP == reason) && nds32->global_stop) {
 335                         /* parse instruction to get correct access address */
 336                         uint32_t val_pc;
 337                         uint32_t opcode;
 338                         struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 339
 340                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 341                         nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 342                         nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 343
 344                         *address = instruction.access_start;
 345
 346                         return ERROR_OK;
 347                 }
 348         }
 349
 350         *address = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 351         return ERROR_FAIL;
 352 }
 353
 354 void nds32_v3_common_register_callback(struct nds32_v3_common_callback *callback)
 355 {
 356         v3_common_callback = callback;
 357 }
 358
 359 /** target_type functions: */
 360 /* target request support */
 361 int nds32_v3_target_request_data(struct target *target,
 362                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 363 {
 364         /* AndesCore could use DTR register to communicate with OpenOCD
 365          * to output messages
 366          * Target data will be put in buffer
 367          * The format of DTR is as follow
 368          * DTR[31:16] => length, DTR[15:8] => size, DTR[7:0] => target_req_cmd
 369          * target_req_cmd has three possible values:
 370          *   TARGET_REQ_TRACEMSG
 371          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGMSG
 372          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGCHAR
 373          * if size == 0, target will call target_asciimsg(),
 374          * else call target_hexmsg()
 375          */
 376         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 377
 378         return ERROR_OK;
 379 }
 380
 381 int nds32_v3_soft_reset_halt(struct target *target)
 382 {
 383         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 384         return aice_assert_srst(aice, AICE_RESET_HOLD);
 385 }
 386
 387 int nds32_v3_checksum_memory(struct target *target,
 388                 uint32_t address, uint32_t count, uint32_t *checksum)
 389 {
 390         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 391
 392         return ERROR_FAIL;
 393 }
 394
 395 /**
 396  * find out which watchpoint hits
 397  * get exception address and compare the address to watchpoints
 398  */
 399 int nds32_v3_hit_watchpoint(struct target *target,
 400                 struct watchpoint **hit_watchpoint)
 401 {
 402         static struct watchpoint scan_all_watchpoint;
 403
 404         uint32_t exception_address;
 405         struct watchpoint *wp;
 406         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 407
 408         exception_address = nds32->watched_address;
 409
 410         if (exception_address == 0xFFFFFFFF)
 411                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 412
 413         if (exception_address == 0) {
 414                 scan_all_watchpoint.address = 0;
 415                 scan_all_watchpoint.rw = WPT_WRITE;
 416                 scan_all_watchpoint.next = 0;
 417                 scan_all_watchpoint.unique_id = 0x5CA8;
 418
 419                 *hit_watchpoint = &scan_all_watchpoint;
 420                 return ERROR_OK;
 421         }
 422
 423         for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 424                 if (((exception_address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 425                         *hit_watchpoint = wp;
 426
 427                         return ERROR_OK;
 428                 }
 429         }
 430
 431         return ERROR_FAIL;
 432 }
 433
 434 int nds32_v3_target_create_common(struct target *target, struct nds32 *nds32)
 435 {
 436         nds32->register_map = nds32_v3_register_mapping;
 437         nds32->get_debug_reason = nds32_v3_get_debug_reason;
 438         nds32->enter_debug_state = nds32_v3_debug_entry;
 439         nds32->leave_debug_state = nds32_v3_leave_debug_state;
 440         nds32->get_watched_address = nds32_v3_get_exception_address;
 441
 442         /* Init target->arch_info in nds32_init_arch_info().
 443          * After this, user could use target_to_nds32() to get nds32 object */
 444         nds32_init_arch_info(target, nds32);
 445
 446         return ERROR_OK;
 447 }
 448
 449 int nds32_v3_run_algorithm(struct target *target,
 450                 int num_mem_params,
 451                 struct mem_param *mem_params,
 452                 int num_reg_params,
 453                 struct reg_param *reg_params,
 454                 uint32_t entry_point,
 455                 uint32_t exit_point,
 456                 int timeout_ms,
 457                 void *arch_info)
 458 {
 459         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 460
 461         return ERROR_FAIL;
 462 }
 463
 464 int nds32_v3_read_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 465                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 466 {
 467         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 468         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 469
 470         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 471                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 472                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 473                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 474         }
 475
 476         uint32_t physical_address;
 477         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 478          * for second page or so. */
 479
 480         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 481          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 482          *
 483          * Disable all interrupts
 484          * Become superuser mode
 485          * Turn off IT/DT
 486          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 487          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 488          * Disable audio special features
 489          * Disable inline function call
 490          *
 491          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 492          * to physical address.
 493          */
 494         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 495                 address = physical_address;
 496         else
 497                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 498
 499         int result;
 500         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 501         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 502         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 503
 504         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 505                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 506                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 507                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 508                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 509         }
 510
 511         result = nds32_read_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 512
 513         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 514                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 515                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 516                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 517         }
 518
 519         return result;
 520 }
 521
 522 int nds32_v3_write_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 523                 uint32_t size, const uint8_t *buffer)
 524 {
 525         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 526         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 527
 528         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 529                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 530                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 531                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 532         }
 533
 534         uint32_t physical_address;
 535         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 536          * for second page or so. */
 537
 538         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 539          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 540          *
 541          * Disable all interrupts
 542          * Become superuser mode
 543          * Turn off IT/DT
 544          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 545          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 546          * Disable audio special features
 547          * Disable inline function call
 548          *
 549          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 550          * to physical address.
 551          */
 552         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 553                 address = physical_address;
 554         else
 555                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 556
 557         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 558                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 559                 struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 560                 enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel;
 561                 int result;
 562
 563                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 564                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 565                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 566
 567                 result = nds32_gdb_fileio_write_memory(nds32, address, size, buffer);
 568
 569                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 570                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 571
 572                 return result;
 573         }
 574
 575         return nds32_write_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 576 }
 577
 578 int nds32_v3_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 579                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
 580 {
 581         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 582         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 583
 584         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 585                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 586                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 587                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 588         }
 589
 590         uint32_t physical_address;
 591         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 592          * for second page or so. */
 593
 594         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 595          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 596          *
 597          * Disable all interrupts
 598          * Become superuser mode
 599          * Turn off IT/DT
 600          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 601          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 602          * Disable audio special features
 603          * Disable inline function call
 604          *
 605          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 606          * to physical address.
 607          */
 608         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 609                 address = physical_address;
 610         else
 611                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 612
 613         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 614         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 615         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 616         int result;
 617
 618         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 619                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 620                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 621                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 622                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 623         }
 624
 625         result = nds32_read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 626
 627         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 628                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 629                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 630                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 631         }
 632
 633         return result;
 634 }
 635
 636 int nds32_v3_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 637                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
 638 {
 639         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 640         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 641
 642         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 643                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 644                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 645                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 646         }
 647
 648         uint32_t physical_address;
 649         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 650          * for second page or so. */
 651
 652         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 653          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 654          *
 655          * Disable all interrupts
 656          * Become superuser mode
 657          * Turn off IT/DT
 658          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 659          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 660          * Disable audio special features
 661          * Disable inline function call
 662          *
 663          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 664          * to physical address.
 665          */
 666         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 667                 address = physical_address;
 668         else
 669                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 670
 671         return nds32_write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 672 }
 673
 674 int nds32_v3_init_target(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
 675                 struct target *target)
 676 {
 677         /* Initialize anything we can set up without talking to the target */
 678         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 679
 680         nds32_init(nds32);
 681
 682         target->fileio_info = malloc(sizeof(struct gdb_fileio_info));
 683         target->fileio_info->identifier = NULL;
 684
 685         return ERROR_OK;
 686 }