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   1 /***************************************************************************
   2  *   Copyright (C) 2013 Andes Technology                                   *
   3  *   Hsiangkai Wang <hkwang@andestech.com>                                 *
   4  *                                                                         *
   5  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
   6  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
   7  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
   8  *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
   9  *                                                                         *
  10  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
  11  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
  12  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
  13  *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
  14  *                                                                         *
  15  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
  16  *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
  17  *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
  18  *   51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.           *
  19  ***************************************************************************/
  20
  21 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  22 #include "config.h"
  23 #endif
  24
  25 #include "breakpoints.h"
  26 #include "nds32_reg.h"
  27 #include "nds32_disassembler.h"
  28 #include "nds32.h"
  29 #include "nds32_aice.h"
  30 #include "nds32_v3_common.h"
  31
  32 static struct nds32_v3_common_callback *v3_common_callback;
  33
  34 static int nds32_v3_register_mapping(struct nds32 *nds32, int reg_no)
  35 {
  36         if (reg_no == PC)
  37                 return IR11;
  38
  39         return reg_no;
  40 }
  41
  42 static int nds32_v3_get_debug_reason(struct nds32 *nds32, uint32_t *reason)
  43 {
  44         uint32_t edmsw;
  45         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
  46         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
  47
  48         *reason = (edmsw >> 12) & 0x0F;
  49
  50         return ERROR_OK;
  51 }
  52
  53 /**
  54  * Save processor state.  This is called after a HALT instruction
  55  * succeeds, and on other occasions the processor enters debug mode
  56  * (breakpoint, watchpoint, etc).
  57  */
  58 static int nds32_v3_debug_entry(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
  59 {
  60         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_debug_entry");
  61
  62         enum target_state backup_state = nds32->target->state;
  63         nds32->target->state = TARGET_HALTED;
  64
  65         if (nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted == false) {
  66                 /* init architecture info according to config registers */
  67                 CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_config(nds32));
  68
  69                 nds32->init_arch_info_after_halted = true;
  70         }
  71
  72         /* REVISIT entire cache should already be invalid !!! */
  73         register_cache_invalidate(nds32->core_cache);
  74
  75         /* deactivate all hardware breakpoints */
  76         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
  77
  78         if (enable_watchpoint)
  79                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->deactivate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
  80
  81         struct breakpoint *syscall_break = &(nds32->syscall_break);
  82         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
  83                 if (syscall_break->set) {
  84                         /** disable virtual hosting */
  85
  86                         /* remove breakpoint at syscall entry */
  87                         target_remove_breakpoint(nds32->target, syscall_break);
  88                         syscall_break->set = 0;
  89
  90                         uint32_t value_pc;
  91                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &value_pc);
  92                         if (value_pc == syscall_break->address)
  93                                 /** process syscall for virtual hosting */
  94                                 nds32->hit_syscall = true;
  95                 }
  96         }
  97
  98         if (ERROR_OK != nds32_examine_debug_reason(nds32)) {
  99                 nds32->target->state = backup_state;
 100
 101                 /* re-activate all hardware breakpoints & watchpoints */
 102                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(nds32->target));
 103
 104                 if (enable_watchpoint)
 105                         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(nds32->target));
 106
 107                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 108         }
 109
 110         /* Save registers. */
 111         nds32_full_context(nds32);
 112
 113         /* check interrupt level */
 114         v3_common_callback->check_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 115
 116         return ERROR_OK;
 117 }
 118
 119 /**
 120  * Restore processor state.
 121  */
 122 static int nds32_v3_leave_debug_state(struct nds32 *nds32, bool enable_watchpoint)
 123 {
 124         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_leave_debug_state");
 125
 126         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 127
 128         /* activate all hardware breakpoints */
 129         CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_breakpoint(target));
 130
 131         if (enable_watchpoint) {
 132                 /* activate all watchpoints */
 133                 CHECK_RETVAL(v3_common_callback->activate_hardware_watchpoint(target));
 134         }
 135
 136         /* restore interrupt stack */
 137         v3_common_callback->restore_interrupt_stack(nds32);
 138
 139         /* REVISIT once we start caring about MMU and cache state,
 140          * address it here ...
 141          */
 142
 143         /* restore PSW, PC, and R0 ... after flushing any modified
 144          * registers.
 145          */
 146         CHECK_RETVAL(nds32_restore_context(target));
 147
 148         if (nds32->virtual_hosting) {
 149                 /** enable virtual hosting */
 150                 uint32_t value_ir3;
 151                 uint32_t entry_size;
 152                 uint32_t syscall_address;
 153
 154                 /* get syscall entry address */
 155                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR3, &value_ir3);
 156                 entry_size = 0x4 << (((value_ir3 >> 14) & 0x3) << 1);
 157                 syscall_address = (value_ir3 & 0xFFFF0000) + entry_size * 8; /* The index of SYSCALL is 8 */
 158
 159                 if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 160                         /* single step to skip syscall entry */
 161                         /* use IRET to skip syscall */
 162                         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 163                         uint32_t value_ir9;
 164                         uint32_t value_ir6;
 165                         uint32_t syscall_id;
 166
 167                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, IR6, &value_ir6);
 168                         syscall_id = (value_ir6 >> 16) & 0x7FFF;
 169
 170                         if (syscall_id == NDS32_SYSCALL_EXIT) {
 171                                 /* If target hits exit syscall, do not use IRET to skip handler. */
 172                                 aice_step(aice);
 173                         } else {
 174                                 /* use api->read/write_reg to skip nds32 register cache */
 175                                 uint32_t value_dimbr;
 176                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_DIMBR, &value_dimbr);
 177                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR11, value_dimbr + 0xC);
 178
 179                                 aice_read_register(aice, IR9, &value_ir9);
 180                                 value_ir9 += 4; /* syscall is always 4 bytes */
 181                                 aice_write_register(aice, IR9, value_ir9);
 182
 183                                 /* backup hardware breakpoint 0 */
 184                                 uint32_t backup_bpa, backup_bpam, backup_bpc;
 185                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, &backup_bpa);
 186                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, &backup_bpam);
 187                                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, &backup_bpc);
 188
 189                                 /* use hardware breakpoint 0 to stop cpu after skipping syscall */
 190                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, value_ir9);
 191                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, 0);
 192                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, 0xA);
 193
 194                                 /* Execute two IRET.
 195                                  * First IRET is used to quit debug mode.
 196                                  * Second IRET is used to quit current syscall. */
 197                                 uint32_t dim_inst[4] = {NOP, NOP, IRET, IRET};
 198                                 aice_execute(aice, dim_inst, 4);
 199
 200                                 /* restore origin hardware breakpoint 0 */
 201                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0, backup_bpa);
 202                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPAM0, backup_bpam);
 203                                 aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0, backup_bpc);
 204                         }
 205
 206                         nds32->hit_syscall = false;
 207                 }
 208
 209                 /* insert breakpoint at syscall entry */
 210                 struct breakpoint *syscall_break = &(nds32->syscall_break);
 211
 212                 syscall_break->address = syscall_address;
 213                 syscall_break->type = BKPT_SOFT;
 214                 syscall_break->set = 1;
 215                 target_add_breakpoint(target, syscall_break);
 216         }
 217
 218         return ERROR_OK;
 219 }
 220
 221 static int nds32_v3_get_exception_address(struct nds32 *nds32,
 222                 uint32_t *address, uint32_t reason)
 223 {
 224         LOG_DEBUG("nds32_v3_get_exception_address");
 225
 226         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(nds32->target);
 227         struct target *target = nds32->target;
 228         uint32_t edmsw;
 229         uint32_t edm_cfg;
 230         uint32_t match_bits;
 231         uint32_t match_count;
 232         int32_t i;
 233         static int32_t number_of_hard_break;
 234         uint32_t bp_control;
 235
 236         if (number_of_hard_break == 0) {
 237                 aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDM_CFG, &edm_cfg);
 238                 number_of_hard_break = (edm_cfg & 0x7) + 1;
 239         }
 240
 241         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, &edmsw);
 242         /* clear matching bits (write-one-clear) */
 243         aice_write_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_EDMSW, edmsw);
 244         match_bits = (edmsw >> 4) & 0xFF;
 245         match_count = 0;
 246         for (i = 0 ; i < number_of_hard_break ; i++) {
 247                 if (match_bits & (1 << i)) {
 248                         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPA0 + i, address);
 249                         match_count++;
 250
 251                         /* If target hits multiple read/access watchpoint,
 252                          * select the first one. */
 253                         aice_read_debug_reg(aice, NDS_EDM_SR_BPC0 + i, &bp_control);
 254                         if (0x3 == (bp_control & 0x3)) {
 255                                 match_count = 1;
 256                                 break;
 257                         }
 258                 }
 259         }
 260
 261         if (match_count > 1) { /* multiple hits */
 262                 *address = 0;
 263                 return ERROR_OK;
 264         } else if (match_count == 1) {
 265                 uint32_t val_pc;
 266                 uint32_t opcode;
 267                 struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 268                 struct watchpoint *wp;
 269                 bool hit;
 270
 271                 nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 272
 273                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_ADDR_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason) ||
 274                                 (NDS32_DEBUG_DATA_VALUE_WATCHPOINT_NEXT_PRECISE == reason)) {
 275                         if (edmsw & 0x4) /* check EDMSW.IS_16BIT */
 276                                 val_pc -= 2;
 277                         else
 278                                 val_pc -= 4;
 279                 }
 280
 281                 nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 282                 nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 283
 284                 LOG_DEBUG("PC: 0x%08x, access start: 0x%08x, end: 0x%08x", val_pc,
 285                                 instruction.access_start, instruction.access_end);
 286
 287                 /* check if multiple hits in the access range */
 288                 uint32_t in_range_watch_count = 0;
 289                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 290                         if ((instruction.access_start <= wp->address) &&
 291                                         (wp->address < instruction.access_end))
 292                                 in_range_watch_count++;
 293                 }
 294                 if (in_range_watch_count > 1) {
 295                         /* Hit LSMW instruction. */
 296                         *address = 0;
 297                         return ERROR_OK;
 298                 }
 299
 300                 /* dispel false match */
 301                 hit = false;
 302                 for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 303                         if (((*address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 304                                 uint32_t watch_start;
 305                                 uint32_t watch_end;
 306
 307                                 watch_start = wp->address;
 308                                 watch_end = wp->address + wp->length;
 309
 310                                 if ((watch_end <= instruction.access_start) ||
 311                                                 (instruction.access_end <= watch_start))
 312                                         continue;
 313
 314                                 hit = true;
 315                                 break;
 316                         }
 317                 }
 318
 319                 if (hit)
 320                         return ERROR_OK;
 321                 else
 322                         return ERROR_FAIL;
 323         } else if (match_count == 0) {
 324                 /* global stop is precise exception */
 325                 if ((NDS32_DEBUG_LOAD_STORE_GLOBAL_STOP == reason) && nds32->global_stop) {
 326                         /* parse instruction to get correct access address */
 327                         uint32_t val_pc;
 328                         uint32_t opcode;
 329                         struct nds32_instruction instruction;
 330
 331                         nds32_get_mapped_reg(nds32, PC, &val_pc);
 332                         nds32_read_opcode(nds32, val_pc, &opcode);
 333                         nds32_evaluate_opcode(nds32, opcode, val_pc, &instruction);
 334
 335                         *address = instruction.access_start;
 336
 337                         return ERROR_OK;
 338                 }
 339         }
 340
 341         *address = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 342         return ERROR_FAIL;
 343 }
 344
 345 void nds32_v3_common_register_callback(struct nds32_v3_common_callback *callback)
 346 {
 347         v3_common_callback = callback;
 348 }
 349
 350 /** target_type functions: */
 351 /* target request support */
 352 int nds32_v3_target_request_data(struct target *target,
 353                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 354 {
 355         /* AndesCore could use DTR register to communicate with OpenOCD
 356          * to output messages
 357          * Target data will be put in buffer
 358          * The format of DTR is as follow
 359          * DTR[31:16] => length, DTR[15:8] => size, DTR[7:0] => target_req_cmd
 360          * target_req_cmd has three possible values:
 361          *   TARGET_REQ_TRACEMSG
 362          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGMSG
 363          *   TARGET_REQ_DEBUGCHAR
 364          * if size == 0, target will call target_asciimsg(),
 365          * else call target_hexmsg()
 366          */
 367         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 368
 369         return ERROR_OK;
 370 }
 371
 372 int nds32_v3_soft_reset_halt(struct target *target)
 373 {
 374         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 375         return aice_assert_srst(aice, AICE_RESET_HOLD);
 376 }
 377
 378 int nds32_v3_checksum_memory(struct target *target,
 379                 uint32_t address, uint32_t count, uint32_t *checksum)
 380 {
 381         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 382
 383         return ERROR_FAIL;
 384 }
 385
 386 /**
 387  * find out which watchpoint hits
 388  * get exception address and compare the address to watchpoints
 389  */
 390 int nds32_v3_hit_watchpoint(struct target *target,
 391                 struct watchpoint **hit_watchpoint)
 392 {
 393         static struct watchpoint scan_all_watchpoint;
 394
 395         uint32_t exception_address;
 396         struct watchpoint *wp;
 397         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 398
 399         exception_address = nds32->watched_address;
 400
 401         if (exception_address == 0xFFFFFFFF)
 402                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 403
 404         if (exception_address == 0) {
 405                 scan_all_watchpoint.address = 0;
 406                 scan_all_watchpoint.rw = WPT_WRITE;
 407                 scan_all_watchpoint.next = 0;
 408                 scan_all_watchpoint.unique_id = 0x5CA8;
 409
 410                 *hit_watchpoint = &scan_all_watchpoint;
 411                 return ERROR_OK;
 412         }
 413
 414         for (wp = target->watchpoints; wp; wp = wp->next) {
 415                 if (((exception_address ^ wp->address) & (~wp->mask)) == 0) {
 416                         *hit_watchpoint = wp;
 417
 418                         return ERROR_OK;
 419                 }
 420         }
 421
 422         return ERROR_FAIL;
 423 }
 424
 425 int nds32_v3_target_create_common(struct target *target, struct nds32 *nds32)
 426 {
 427         nds32->register_map = nds32_v3_register_mapping;
 428         nds32->get_debug_reason = nds32_v3_get_debug_reason;
 429         nds32->enter_debug_state = nds32_v3_debug_entry;
 430         nds32->leave_debug_state = nds32_v3_leave_debug_state;
 431         nds32->get_watched_address = nds32_v3_get_exception_address;
 432
 433         /* Init target->arch_info in nds32_init_arch_info().
 434          * After this, user could use target_to_nds32() to get nds32 object */
 435         nds32_init_arch_info(target, nds32);
 436
 437         return ERROR_OK;
 438 }
 439
 440 int nds32_v3_run_algorithm(struct target *target,
 441                 int num_mem_params,
 442                 struct mem_param *mem_params,
 443                 int num_reg_params,
 444                 struct reg_param *reg_params,
 445                 uint32_t entry_point,
 446                 uint32_t exit_point,
 447                 int timeout_ms,
 448                 void *arch_info)
 449 {
 450         LOG_WARNING("Not implemented: %s", __func__);
 451
 452         return ERROR_FAIL;
 453 }
 454
 455 int nds32_v3_read_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 456                 uint32_t size, uint8_t *buffer)
 457 {
 458         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 459         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 460
 461         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 462                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 463                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 464                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 465         }
 466
 467         uint32_t physical_address;
 468         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 469          * for second page or so. */
 470
 471         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 472          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 473          *
 474          * Disable all interrupts
 475          * Become superuser mode
 476          * Turn off IT/DT
 477          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 478          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 479          * Disable audio special features
 480          * Disable inline function call
 481          *
 482          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 483          * to physical address.
 484          */
 485         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 486                 address = physical_address;
 487         else
 488                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 489
 490         int result;
 491         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 492         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 493         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 494
 495         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 496                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 497                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 498                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 499                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 500         }
 501
 502         result = nds32_read_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 503
 504         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 505                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 506                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 507                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 508         }
 509
 510         return result;
 511 }
 512
 513 int nds32_v3_write_buffer(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 514                 uint32_t size, const uint8_t *buffer)
 515 {
 516         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 517         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 518
 519         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 520                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 521                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 522                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 523         }
 524
 525         uint32_t physical_address;
 526         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 527          * for second page or so. */
 528
 529         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 530          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 531          *
 532          * Disable all interrupts
 533          * Become superuser mode
 534          * Turn off IT/DT
 535          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 536          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 537          * Disable audio special features
 538          * Disable inline function call
 539          *
 540          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 541          * to physical address.
 542          */
 543         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 544                 address = physical_address;
 545         else
 546                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 547
 548         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 549                 struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 550                 enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel;
 551                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 552
 553                 /* If target has no cache, use BUS mode to access memory. */
 554                 if ((memory->dcache.line_size == 0)
 555                         || (memory->dcache.enable == false)) {
 556                         /* There is no Dcache or Dcache is disabled. */
 557                         memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 558                         aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 559                 }
 560
 561                 int result;
 562                 result = nds32_gdb_fileio_write_memory(nds32, address, size, buffer);
 563
 564                 if (NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == origin_access_channel) {
 565                         memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 566                         aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU);
 567                 }
 568
 569                 return result;
 570         }
 571
 572         return nds32_write_buffer(target, address, size, buffer);
 573 }
 574
 575 int nds32_v3_read_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 576                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, uint8_t *buffer)
 577 {
 578         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 579         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 580
 581         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 582                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 583                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 584                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 585         }
 586
 587         uint32_t physical_address;
 588         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 589          * for second page or so. */
 590
 591         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 592          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 593          *
 594          * Disable all interrupts
 595          * Become superuser mode
 596          * Turn off IT/DT
 597          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 598          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 599          * Disable audio special features
 600          * Disable inline function call
 601          *
 602          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 603          * to physical address.
 604          */
 605         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 606                 address = physical_address;
 607         else
 608                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 609
 610         struct aice_port_s *aice = target_to_aice(target);
 611         /* give arbitrary initial value to avoid warning messages */
 612         enum nds_memory_access origin_access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU;
 613         int result;
 614
 615         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 616                 /* Use bus mode to access memory during virtual hosting */
 617                 origin_access_channel = memory->access_channel;
 618                 memory->access_channel = NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS;
 619                 aice_memory_access(aice, NDS_MEMORY_ACC_BUS);
 620         }
 621
 622         result = nds32_read_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 623
 624         if (nds32->hit_syscall) {
 625                 /* Restore access_channel after virtual hosting */
 626                 memory->access_channel = origin_access_channel;
 627                 aice_memory_access(aice, origin_access_channel);
 628         }
 629
 630         return result;
 631 }
 632
 633 int nds32_v3_write_memory(struct target *target, uint32_t address,
 634                 uint32_t size, uint32_t count, const uint8_t *buffer)
 635 {
 636         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 637         struct nds32_memory *memory = &(nds32->memory);
 638
 639         if ((NDS_MEMORY_ACC_CPU == memory->access_channel) &&
 640                         (target->state != TARGET_HALTED)) {
 641                 LOG_WARNING("target was not halted");
 642                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 643         }
 644
 645         uint32_t physical_address;
 646         /* BUG: If access range crosses multiple pages, the translation will not correct
 647          * for second page or so. */
 648
 649         /* When DEX is set to one, hardware will enforce the following behavior without
 650          * modifying the corresponding control bits in PSW.
 651          *
 652          * Disable all interrupts
 653          * Become superuser mode
 654          * Turn off IT/DT
 655          * Use MMU_CFG.DE as the data access endian
 656          * Use MMU_CFG.DRDE as the device register access endian if MMU_CTL.DREE is asserted
 657          * Disable audio special features
 658          * Disable inline function call
 659          *
 660          * Because hardware will turn off IT/DT by default, it MUST translate virtual address
 661          * to physical address.
 662          */
 663         if (ERROR_OK == target->type->virt2phys(target, address, &physical_address))
 664                 address = physical_address;
 665         else
 666                 return ERROR_FAIL;
 667
 668         return nds32_write_memory(target, address, size, count, buffer);
 669 }
 670
 671 int nds32_v3_init_target(struct command_context *cmd_ctx,
 672                 struct target *target)
 673 {
 674         /* Initialize anything we can set up without talking to the target */
 675         struct nds32 *nds32 = target_to_nds32(target);
 676
 677         nds32_init(nds32);
 678
 679         target->fileio_info = malloc(sizeof(struct gdb_fileio_info));
 680         target->fileio_info->identifier = NULL;
 681
 682         return ERROR_OK;
 683 }