Updated memory maps.
[fw/stlink] / src / gdb-server.c
1 /* -*- tab-width:8 -*- */
2
3 /*
4  Copyright (C)  2011 Peter Zotov <whitequark@whitequark.org>
5  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
6  license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
7 */
8
9 #include <stdio.h>
10 #include <string.h>
11 #include <stdlib.h>
12 #include <unistd.h>
13 #include <sys/types.h>
14 #include <sys/socket.h>
15 #include <netinet/in.h>
16 #include <arpa/inet.h>
17 #include "gdb-remote.h"
18 #include "stlink-hw.h"
19
20 static const char hex[] = "0123456789abcdef";
21
22 static const char* current_memory_map = NULL;
23
24 struct chip_params {
25         uint32_t chip_id;
26         char* description;
27         uint32_t flash_size, flash_pagesize;
28         uint32_t sram_size;
29         uint32_t bootrom_base, bootrom_size;
30 } const devices[] = {
31         { 0x412, "Low-density device",
32           0x8000,   0x400, 0x2800,  0x1ffff000, 0x800  },
33         { 0x410, "Medium-density device",
34           0x20000,  0x400, 0x5000,  0x1ffff000, 0x800  },
35         { 0x414, "High-density device",
36           0x80000,  0x800, 0x10000, 0x1ffff000, 0x800  },
37         { 0x418, "Connectivity line device",
38           0x40000,  0x800, 0x10000, 0x1fffb000, 0x4800 },
39         { 0x420, "Medium-density value line device",
40           0x20000,  0x400, 0x2000,  0x1ffff000, 0x800  },
41         { 0x428, "High-density value line device",
42           0x80000,  0x800, 0x8000,  0x1ffff000, 0x800  },
43         { 0x430, "XL-density device",
44           0x100000, 0x800, 0x18000, 0x1fffe000, 0x1800 },
45         { 0 }
46 };
47
48 int serve(struct stlink* sl, int port);
49 char* make_memory_map(const struct chip_params *params);
50
51 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
52         if(argc != 3) {
53                 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <port> /dev/sgX\n", argv[0]);
54                 return 1;
55         }
56
57         struct stlink *sl = stlink_quirk_open(argv[2], 0);
58         if (sl == NULL)
59                 return 1;
60
61         if(stlink_current_mode(sl) != STLINK_DEV_DEBUG_MODE)
62                 stlink_enter_swd_mode(sl);
63
64         uint32_t chip_id;
65
66         stlink_read_mem32(sl, 0xE0042000, 4);
67         chip_id = sl->q_buf[0] | (sl->q_buf[1] << 8) | (sl->q_buf[2] << 16) |
68                 (sl->q_buf[3] << 24);
69
70         printf("Chip ID is %08x.\n", chip_id);
71
72         const struct chip_params* params = NULL;
73
74         for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(devices) / sizeof(devices[0]); i++) {
75                 if(devices[i].chip_id == chip_id) {
76                         params = &devices[i];
77                         break;
78                 }
79         }
80
81         if(params == NULL) {
82                 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot recognize the connected device!\n");
83                 return 0;
84         }
85
86         printf("Device connected: %s\n", params->description);
87         printf("Device parameters: SRAM: 0x%x bytes, Flash: 0x%x bytes in pages of %x bytes\n",
88                 params->sram_size, params->flash_size, params->flash_pagesize);
89
90         current_memory_map = make_memory_map(params);
91
92         int port = atoi(argv[1]);
93
94         while(serve(sl, port) == 0);
95
96         stlink_close(sl);
97
98         return 0;
99 }
100
101 static const char* const memory_map_template =
102   "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>"
103   "<!DOCTYPE memory-map PUBLIC \"+//IDN gnu.org//DTD GDB Memory Map V1.0//EN\""
104   "     \"http://sourceware.org/gdb/gdb-memory-map.dtd\">"
105   "<memory-map>"
106   "  <memory type=\"rom\" start=\"0x00000000\" length=\"0x%x\"/>"       // code = sram, bootrom or flash; flash is bigger
107   "  <memory type=\"ram\" start=\"0x20000000\" length=\"0x%x\"/>"       // sram 8k
108   "  <memory type=\"flash\" start=\"0x08000000\" length=\"0x%x\">"
109   "    <property name=\"blocksize\">0x%x</property>"
110   "  </memory>"
111   "  <memory type=\"ram\" start=\"0x40000000\" length=\"0x1fffffff\"/>" // peripheral regs
112   "  <memory type=\"ram\" start=\"0xe0000000\" length=\"0x1fffffff\"/>" // cortex regs
113   "  <memory type=\"rom\" start=\"0x%08x\" length=\"0x%x\"/>"           // bootrom
114   "  <memory type=\"rom\" start=\"0x1ffff800\" length=\"0x8\"/>"        // option byte area
115   "</memory-map>";
116
117 char* make_memory_map(const struct chip_params *params) {
118         /* This will be freed in serve() */
119         char* map = malloc(4096);
120         map[0] = '\0';
121
122         snprintf(map, 4096, memory_map_template,
123                         params->flash_size,
124                         params->sram_size,
125                         params->flash_size, params->flash_pagesize,
126                         params->bootrom_base, params->bootrom_size);
127
128         return map;
129 }
130
131 #define CODE_BREAK_NUM  6
132
133 #define CODE_BREAK_LOW  0x01
134 #define CODE_BREAK_HIGH 0x02
135
136 struct code_hw_breakpoint {
137         stm32_addr_t addr;
138         int          type;
139 };
140
141 struct code_hw_breakpoint code_breaks[CODE_BREAK_NUM];
142
143 static void init_code_breakpoints(struct stlink* sl) {
144         memset(sl->q_buf, 0, 4);
145         sl->q_buf[0] = 0x03; // KEY | ENABLE
146         stlink_write_mem32(sl, 0xe0002000, 4);
147
148         memset(sl->q_buf, 0, 4);
149         for(int i = 0; i < CODE_BREAK_NUM; i++) {
150                 code_breaks[i].type = 0;
151                 stlink_write_mem32(sl, 0xe0002008 + i * 4, 4);
152         }
153 }
154
155 static int update_code_breakpoint(struct stlink* sl, stm32_addr_t addr, int set) {
156         stm32_addr_t fpb_addr = addr & ~0x3;
157         int type = addr & 0x2 ? CODE_BREAK_HIGH : CODE_BREAK_LOW;
158
159         if(addr & 1) {
160                 fprintf(stderr, "update_code_breakpoint: unaligned address %08x\n", addr);
161                 return -1;
162         }
163
164         int id = -1;
165         for(int i = 0; i < CODE_BREAK_NUM; i++) {
166                 if(fpb_addr == code_breaks[i].addr ||
167                         (set && code_breaks[i].type == 0)) {
168                         id = i;
169                         break;
170                 }
171         }
172
173         if(id == -1) {
174                 if(set) return -1; // Free slot not found
175                 else    return 0;  // Breakpoint is already removed
176         }
177
178         struct code_hw_breakpoint* brk = &code_breaks[id];
179
180         brk->addr = fpb_addr;
181
182         if(set) brk->type |= type;
183         else    brk->type &= ~type;
184
185         memset(sl->q_buf, 0, 4);
186
187         if(brk->type == 0) {
188                 #ifdef DEBUG
189                 printf("clearing hw break %d\n", id);
190                 #endif
191
192                 stlink_write_mem32(sl, 0xe0002008 + id * 4, 4);
193         } else {
194                 sl->q_buf[0] = ( brk->addr        & 0xff) | 1;
195                 sl->q_buf[1] = ((brk->addr >> 8)  & 0xff);
196                 sl->q_buf[2] = ((brk->addr >> 16) & 0xff);
197                 sl->q_buf[3] = ((brk->addr >> 24) & 0xff) | (brk->type << 6);
198
199                 #ifdef DEBUG
200                 printf("setting hw break %d at %08x (%d)\n",
201                         id, brk->addr, brk->type);
202                 printf("reg %02x %02x %02x %02x\n",
203                         sl->q_buf[3], sl->q_buf[2], sl->q_buf[1], sl->q_buf[0]);
204                 #endif
205
206                 stlink_write_mem32(sl, 0xe0002008 + id * 4, 4);
207         }
208
209         return 0;
210 }
211
212 #define FLASH_BASE 0x08000000
213 #define FLASH_PAGE 0x400
214 #define FLASH_PAGE_MASK (~((1 << 10) - 1))
215 #define FLASH_SIZE (FLASH_PAGE * 128)
216
217 struct flash_block {
218         stm32_addr_t addr;
219         unsigned     length;
220         uint8_t*     data;
221
222         struct flash_block* next;
223 };
224
225 static struct flash_block* flash_root;
226
227 static int flash_add_block(stm32_addr_t addr, unsigned length) {
228         if(addr < FLASH_BASE || addr + length > FLASH_BASE + FLASH_SIZE) {
229                 fprintf(stderr, "flash_add_block: incorrect bounds\n");
230                 return -1;
231         }
232
233         if(addr % FLASH_PAGE != 0 || length % FLASH_PAGE != 0) {
234                 fprintf(stderr, "flash_add_block: unaligned block\n");
235                 return -1;
236         }
237
238         struct flash_block* new = malloc(sizeof(struct flash_block));
239         new->next = flash_root;
240
241         new->addr   = addr;
242         new->length = length;
243         new->data   = calloc(length, 1);
244
245         flash_root = new;
246
247         return 0;
248 }
249
250 static int flash_populate(stm32_addr_t addr, uint8_t* data, unsigned length) {
251         int fit_blocks = 0, fit_length = 0;
252
253         for(struct flash_block* fb = flash_root; fb; fb = fb->next) {
254                 /* Block: ------X------Y--------
255                  * Data:            a-----b
256                  *                a--b
257                  *            a-----------b
258                  * Block intersects with data, if:
259                  *  a < Y && b > x
260                  */
261
262                 unsigned X = fb->addr, Y = fb->addr + fb->length;
263                 unsigned a = addr, b = addr + length;
264                 if(a < Y && b > X) {
265                         // from start of the block
266                         unsigned start = (a > X ? a : X) - X;
267                         unsigned end   = (b > Y ? Y : b) - X;
268
269                         memcpy(fb->data + start, data, end - start);
270
271                         fit_blocks++;
272                         fit_length += end - start;
273                 }
274         }
275
276         if(fit_blocks == 0) {
277                 fprintf(stderr, "Unfit data block %08x -> %04x\n", addr, length);
278                 return -1;
279         }
280
281         if(fit_length != length) {
282                 fprintf(stderr, "warning: data block %08x -> %04x truncated to %04x\n",
283                         addr, length, fit_length);
284                 fprintf(stderr, "(this is not an error, just a GDB glitch)\n");
285         }
286
287         return 0;
288 }
289
290 static int flash_go(struct stlink* sl) {
291         int error = -1;
292
293         // Some kinds of clock settings do not allow writing to flash.
294         stlink_reset(sl);
295
296         for(struct flash_block* fb = flash_root; fb; fb = fb->next) {
297                 #ifdef DEBUG
298                 printf("flash_do: block %08x -> %04x\n", fb->addr, fb->length);
299                 #endif
300
301                 unsigned length = fb->length;
302                 for(stm32_addr_t page = fb->addr; page < fb->addr + fb->length; page += 0x400) {
303                         #ifdef DEBUG
304                         printf("flash_do: page %08x\n", page);
305                         #endif
306
307                         stlink_erase_flash_page(sl, page);
308
309                         if(stlink_write_flash(sl, page, fb->data + (page - fb->addr),
310                                         length > 0x400 ? 0x400 : length) < 0)
311                                 goto error;
312                 }
313
314         }
315
316         stlink_reset(sl);
317
318         error = 0;
319
320 error:
321         for(struct flash_block* fb = flash_root, *next; fb; fb = next) {
322                 next = fb->next;
323                 free(fb->data);
324                 free(fb);
325         }
326
327         flash_root = NULL;
328
329         return error;
330 }
331
332 int serve(struct stlink* sl, int port) {
333         int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
334         if(sock < 0) {
335                 perror("socket");
336                 return 1;
337         }
338
339         unsigned int val = 1;
340         setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &val, sizeof(val));
341
342         struct sockaddr_in serv_addr = {0};
343         serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
344         serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
345         serv_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
346
347         if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
348                 perror("bind");
349                 return 1;
350         }
351
352         if(listen(sock, 5) < 0) {
353                 perror("listen");
354                 return 1;
355         }
356
357         stlink_force_debug(sl);
358         stlink_reset(sl);
359         init_code_breakpoints(sl);
360
361         printf("Listening at *:%d...\n", port);
362
363         int client = accept(sock, NULL, NULL);
364         if(client < 0) {
365                 perror("accept");
366                 return 1;
367         }
368
369         close(sock);
370
371         printf("GDB connected.\n");
372
373         /*
374          * To allow resetting the chip from GDB it is required to
375          * emulate attaching and detaching to target.
376          */
377         unsigned int attached = 1;
378
379         while(1) {
380                 char* packet;
381
382                 int status = gdb_recv_packet(client, &packet);
383                 if(status < 0) {
384                         fprintf(stderr, "cannot recv: %d\n", status);
385                         return 1;
386                 }
387
388                 #ifdef DEBUG
389                 printf("recv: %s\n", packet);
390                 #endif
391
392                 char* reply = NULL;
393
394                 switch(packet[0]) {
395                 case 'q': {
396                         if(packet[1] == 'P' || packet[1] == 'C' || packet[1] == 'L') {
397                                 reply = strdup("");
398                                 break;
399                         }
400
401                         char *separator = strstr(packet, ":"), *params = "";
402                         if(separator == NULL) {
403                                 separator = packet + strlen(packet);
404                         } else {
405                                 params = separator + 1;
406                         }
407
408                         unsigned queryNameLength = (separator - &packet[1]);
409                         char* queryName = calloc(queryNameLength + 1, 1);
410                         strncpy(queryName, &packet[1], queryNameLength);
411
412                         #ifdef DEBUG
413                         printf("query: %s;%s\n", queryName, params);
414                         #endif
415
416                         if(!strcmp(queryName, "Supported")) {
417                                 reply = strdup("PacketSize=3fff;qXfer:memory-map:read+");
418                         } else if(!strcmp(queryName, "Xfer")) {
419                                 char *type, *op, *annex, *s_addr, *s_length;
420                                 char *tok = params;
421
422                                 type     = strsep(&tok, ":");
423                                 op       = strsep(&tok, ":");
424                                 annex    = strsep(&tok, ":");
425                                 s_addr   = strsep(&tok, ",");
426                                 s_length = tok;
427
428                                 unsigned addr = strtoul(s_addr, NULL, 16),
429                                        length = strtoul(s_length, NULL, 16);
430
431                                 #ifdef DEBUG
432                                 printf("Xfer: type:%s;op:%s;annex:%s;addr:%d;length:%d\n",
433                                         type, op, annex, addr, length);
434                                 #endif
435
436                                 const char* data = NULL;
437
438                                 if(!strcmp(type, "memory-map") && !strcmp(op, "read"))
439                                         data = current_memory_map;
440
441                                 if(data) {
442                                         unsigned data_length = strlen(data);
443                                         if(addr + length > data_length)
444                                                 length = data_length - addr;
445
446                                         if(length == 0) {
447                                                 reply = strdup("l");
448                                         } else {
449                                                 reply = calloc(length + 2, 1);
450                                                 reply[0] = 'm';
451                                                 strncpy(&reply[1], data, length);
452                                         }
453                                 }
454                         }
455
456                         if(reply == NULL)
457                                 reply = strdup("");
458
459                         free(queryName);
460
461                         break;
462                 }
463
464                 case 'v': {
465                         char *params = NULL;
466                         char *cmdName = strtok_r(packet, ":;", &params);
467
468                         cmdName++; // vCommand -> Command
469
470                         if(!strcmp(cmdName, "FlashErase")) {
471                                 char *s_addr, *s_length;
472                                 char *tok = params;
473
474                                 s_addr   = strsep(&tok, ",");
475                                 s_length = tok;
476
477                                 unsigned addr = strtoul(s_addr, NULL, 16),
478                                        length = strtoul(s_length, NULL, 16);
479
480                                 #ifdef DEBUG
481                                 printf("FlashErase: addr:%08x,len:%04x\n",
482                                         addr, length);
483                                 #endif
484
485                                 if(flash_add_block(addr, length) < 0) {
486                                         reply = strdup("E00");
487                                 } else {
488                                         reply = strdup("OK");
489                                 }
490                         } else if(!strcmp(cmdName, "FlashWrite")) {
491                                 char *s_addr, *data;
492                                 char *tok = params;
493
494                                 s_addr = strsep(&tok, ":");
495                                 data   = tok;
496
497                                 unsigned addr = strtoul(s_addr, NULL, 16);
498                                 unsigned data_length = status - (data - packet);
499
500                                 // Length of decoded data cannot be more than
501                                 // encoded, as escapes are removed.
502                                 // Additional byte is reserved for alignment fix.
503                                 uint8_t *decoded = calloc(data_length + 1, 1);
504                                 unsigned dec_index = 0;
505                                 for(int i = 0; i < data_length; i++) {
506                                         if(data[i] == 0x7d) {
507                                                 i++;
508                                                 decoded[dec_index++] = data[i] ^ 0x20;
509                                         } else {
510                                                 decoded[dec_index++] = data[i];
511                                         }
512                                 }
513
514                                 // Fix alignment
515                                 if(dec_index % 2 != 0)
516                                         dec_index++;
517
518                                 #ifdef DEBUG
519                                 printf("binary packet %d -> %d\n", data_length, dec_index);
520                                 #endif
521
522                                 if(flash_populate(addr, decoded, dec_index) < 0) {
523                                         reply = strdup("E00");
524                                 } else {
525                                         reply = strdup("OK");
526                                 }
527                         } else if(!strcmp(cmdName, "FlashDone")) {
528                                 if(flash_go(sl) < 0) {
529                                         reply = strdup("E00");
530                                 } else {
531                                         reply = strdup("OK");
532                                 }
533                         } else if(!strcmp(cmdName, "Kill")) {
534                                 attached = 0;
535
536                                 reply = strdup("OK");
537                         }
538
539                         if(reply == NULL)
540                                 reply = strdup("");
541
542                         break;
543                 }
544
545                 case 'c':
546                         stlink_run(sl);
547
548                         while(1) {
549                                 int status = gdb_check_for_interrupt(client);
550                                 if(status < 0) {
551                                         fprintf(stderr, "cannot check for int: %d\n", status);
552                                         return 1;
553                                 }
554
555                                 if(status == 1) {
556                                         stlink_force_debug(sl);
557                                         break;
558                                 }
559
560                                 stlink_status(sl);
561                                 if(sl->core_stat == STLINK_CORE_HALTED) {
562                                         break;
563                                 }
564
565                                 usleep(100000);
566                         }
567
568                         reply = strdup("S05"); // TRAP
569                         break;
570
571                 case 's':
572                         stlink_step(sl);
573
574                         reply = strdup("S05"); // TRAP
575                         break;
576
577                 case '?':
578                         if(attached) {
579                                 reply = strdup("S05"); // TRAP
580                         } else {
581                                 /* Stub shall reply OK if not attached. */
582                                 reply = strdup("OK");
583                         }
584                         break;
585
586                 case 'g':
587                         stlink_read_all_regs(sl);
588
589                         reply = calloc(8 * 16 + 1, 1);
590                         for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
591                                 sprintf(&reply[i * 8], "%08x", htonl(sl->reg.r[i]));
592
593                         break;
594
595                 case 'p': {
596                         unsigned id = strtoul(&packet[1], NULL, 16), reg = 0xDEADDEAD;
597
598                         if(id < 16) {
599                                 stlink_read_reg(sl, id);
600                                 reg = htonl(sl->reg.r[id]);
601                         } else if(id == 0x19) {
602                                 stlink_read_reg(sl, 16);
603                                 reg = htonl(sl->reg.xpsr);
604                         } else {
605                                 reply = strdup("E00");
606                         }
607
608                         reply = calloc(8 + 1, 1);
609                         sprintf(reply, "%08x", reg);
610
611                         break;
612                 }
613
614                 case 'P': {
615                         char* s_reg = &packet[1];
616                         char* s_value = strstr(&packet[1], "=") + 1;
617
618                         unsigned reg   = strtoul(s_reg,   NULL, 16);
619                         unsigned value = strtoul(s_value, NULL, 16);
620
621                         if(reg < 16) {
622                                 stlink_write_reg(sl, ntohl(value), reg);
623                         } else if(reg == 0x19) {
624                                 stlink_write_reg(sl, ntohl(value), 16);
625                         } else {
626                                 reply = strdup("E00");
627                         }
628
629                         if(!reply) {
630                                 reply = strdup("OK");
631                         }
632
633                         break;
634                 }
635
636                 case 'G':
637                         for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
638                                 char str[9] = {0};
639                                 strncpy(str, &packet[1 + i * 8], 8);
640                                 uint32_t reg = strtoul(str, NULL, 16);
641                                 stlink_write_reg(sl, ntohl(reg), i);
642                         }
643
644                         reply = strdup("OK");
645                         break;
646
647                 case 'm': {
648                         char* s_start = &packet[1];
649                         char* s_count = strstr(&packet[1], ",") + 1;
650
651                         stm32_addr_t start = strtoul(s_start, NULL, 16);
652                         unsigned     count = strtoul(s_count, NULL, 16);
653
654                         unsigned adj_start = start % 4;
655
656                         stlink_read_mem32(sl, start - adj_start, (count % 4 == 0) ?
657                                                 count : count + 4 - (count % 4));
658
659                         reply = calloc(count * 2 + 1, 1);
660                         for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
661                                 reply[i * 2 + 0] = hex[sl->q_buf[i + adj_start] >> 4];
662                                 reply[i * 2 + 1] = hex[sl->q_buf[i + adj_start] & 0xf];
663                         }
664
665                         break;
666                 }
667
668                 case 'M': {
669                         char* s_start = &packet[1];
670                         char* s_count = strstr(&packet[1], ",") + 1;
671                         char* hexdata = strstr(packet, ":") + 1;
672
673                         stm32_addr_t start = strtoul(s_start, NULL, 16);
674                         unsigned     count = strtoul(s_count, NULL, 16);
675
676                         for(int i = 0; i < count; i ++) {
677                                 char hex[3] = { hexdata[i*2], hexdata[i*2+1], 0 };
678                                 uint8_t byte = strtoul(hex, NULL, 16);
679                                 sl->q_buf[i] = byte;
680                         }
681
682                         if((count % 4) == 0 && (start % 4) == 0) {
683                                 stlink_write_mem32(sl, start, count);
684                         } else {
685                                 stlink_write_mem8(sl, start, count);
686                         }
687
688                         reply = strdup("OK");
689
690                         break;
691                 }
692
693                 case 'Z': {
694                         if(packet[1] == '1') {
695                                 stm32_addr_t addr = strtoul(&packet[3], NULL, 16);
696                                 if(update_code_breakpoint(sl, addr, 1) < 0) {
697                                         reply = strdup("E00");
698                                 } else {
699                                         reply = strdup("OK");
700                                 }
701                         } else {
702                                 reply = strdup("");
703                         }
704
705                         break;
706                 }
707
708                 case 'z': {
709                         if(packet[1] == '1') {
710                                 stm32_addr_t addr = strtoul(&packet[3], NULL, 16);
711                                 update_code_breakpoint(sl, addr, 0);
712
713                                 reply = strdup("OK");
714                         } else {
715                                 reply = strdup("");
716                         }
717
718                         break;
719                 }
720
721                 case '!': {
722                         /*
723                          * Enter extended mode which allows restarting.
724                          * We do support that always.
725                          */
726
727                         reply = strdup("OK");
728
729                         break;
730                 }
731
732                 case 'R': {
733                         /* Reset the core. */
734
735                         stlink_reset(sl);
736                         init_code_breakpoints(sl);
737
738                         attached = 1;
739
740                         reply = strdup("OK");
741
742                         break;
743                 }
744
745                 default:
746                         reply = strdup("");
747                 }
748
749                 if(reply) {
750                         #ifdef DEBUG
751                         printf("send: %s\n", reply);
752                         #endif
753
754                         int result = gdb_send_packet(client, reply);
755                         if(result != 0) {
756                                 fprintf(stderr, "cannot send: %d\n", result);
757                                 return 1;
758                         }
759
760                         free(reply);
761                 }
762
763                 free(packet);
764         }
765
766         return 0;
767 }