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   1 /***************************************************************************
   2  *   Copyright (C) 2005 by Dominic Rath <Dominic.Rath@gmx.de>              *
   3  *   Copyright (C) 2007,2008 Øyvind Harboe <oyvind.harboe@zylin.com>       *
   4  *   Copyright (C) 2008 by Spencer Oliver <spen@spen-soft.co.uk>           *
   5  *   Copyright (C) 2009 Zachary T Welch <zw@superlucidity.net>             *
   6  *                                                                         *
   7  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
   8  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
   9  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or     *
  10  *   (at your option) any later version.                                   *
  11  *                                                                         *
  12  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,       *
  13  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of        *
  14  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the         *
  15  *   GNU General Public License for more details.                          *
  16  *                                                                         *
  17  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
  18  *   along with this program; if not, write to the                         *
  19  *   Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                                       *
  20  *   59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.             *
  21  ***************************************************************************/
  22
  23 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  24 #include <config.h>
  25 #endif
  26 #include <flash/common.h>
  27 #include <flash/nor/core.h>
  28 #include <flash/nor/imp.h>
  29 #include <target/image.h>
  30
  31
  32 /**
  33  * @file
  34  * Upper level of NOR flash framework.
  35  * The lower level interfaces are to drivers.  These upper level ones
  36  * primarily support access from Tcl scripts or from GDB.
  37  */
  38
  39 struct flash_bank *flash_banks;
  40
  41 int flash_driver_erase(struct flash_bank *bank, int first, int last)
  42 {
  43         int retval;
  44
  45         retval = bank->driver->erase(bank, first, last);
  46         if (retval != ERROR_OK)
  47         {
  48                 LOG_ERROR("failed erasing sectors %d to %d (%d)", first, last, retval);
  49         }
  50
  51         return retval;
  52 }
  53
  54 int flash_driver_protect(struct flash_bank *bank, int set, int first, int last)
  55 {
  56         int retval;
  57
  58         retval = bank->driver->protect(bank, set, first, last);
  59         if (retval != ERROR_OK)
  60         {
  61                 LOG_ERROR("failed setting protection for areas %d to %d (%d)", first, last, retval);
  62         }
  63
  64         return retval;
  65 }
  66
  67 int flash_driver_write(struct flash_bank *bank,
  68                 uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t offset, uint32_t count)
  69 {
  70         int retval;
  71
  72         retval = bank->driver->write(bank, buffer, offset, count);
  73         if (retval != ERROR_OK)
  74         {
  75                 LOG_ERROR("error writing to flash at address 0x%08" PRIx32 " at offset 0x%8.8" PRIx32 " (%d)",
  76                           bank->base, offset, retval);
  77         }
  78
  79         return retval;
  80 }
  81
  82 void flash_bank_add(struct flash_bank *bank)
  83 {
  84         /* put flash bank in linked list */
  85         unsigned bank_num = 0;
  86         if (flash_banks)
  87         {
  88                 /* find last flash bank */
  89                 struct flash_bank *p = flash_banks;
  90                 while (NULL != p->next)
  91                 {
  92                         bank_num += 1;
  93                         p = p->next;
  94                 }
  95                 p->next = bank;
  96                 bank_num += 1;
  97         }
  98         else
  99                 flash_banks = bank;
 100
 101         bank->bank_number = bank_num;
 102 }
 103
 104 struct flash_bank *flash_bank_list(void)
 105 {
 106         return flash_banks;
 107 }
 108
 109 struct flash_bank *get_flash_bank_by_num_noprobe(int num)
 110 {
 111         struct flash_bank *p;
 112         int i = 0;
 113
 114         for (p = flash_banks; p; p = p->next)
 115         {
 116                 if (i++ == num)
 117                 {
 118                         return p;
 119                 }
 120         }
 121         LOG_ERROR("flash bank %d does not exist", num);
 122         return NULL;
 123 }
 124
 125 int flash_get_bank_count(void)
 126 {
 127         struct flash_bank *p;
 128         int i = 0;
 129         for (p = flash_banks; p; p = p->next)
 130         {
 131                 i++;
 132         }
 133         return i;
 134 }
 135
 136 struct flash_bank *get_flash_bank_by_name(const char *name)
 137 {
 138         unsigned requested = get_flash_name_index(name);
 139         unsigned found = 0;
 140
 141         struct flash_bank *bank;
 142         for (bank = flash_banks; NULL != bank; bank = bank->next)
 143         {
 144                 if (strcmp(bank->name, name) == 0)
 145                         return bank;
 146                 if (!flash_driver_name_matches(bank->driver->name, name))
 147                         continue;
 148                 if (++found < requested)
 149                         continue;
 150                 return bank;
 151         }
 152         return NULL;
 153 }
 154
 155 struct flash_bank *get_flash_bank_by_num(int num)
 156 {
 157         struct flash_bank *p = get_flash_bank_by_num_noprobe(num);
 158         int retval;
 159
 160         if (p == NULL)
 161                 return NULL;
 162
 163         retval = p->driver->auto_probe(p);
 164
 165         if (retval != ERROR_OK)
 166         {
 167                 LOG_ERROR("auto_probe failed %d\n", retval);
 168                 return NULL;
 169         }
 170         return p;
 171 }
 172
 173 /* lookup flash bank by address */
 174 struct flash_bank *get_flash_bank_by_addr(struct target *target, uint32_t addr)
 175 {
 176         struct flash_bank *c;
 177
 178         /* cycle through bank list */
 179         for (c = flash_banks; c; c = c->next)
 180         {
 181                 int retval;
 182                 retval = c->driver->auto_probe(c);
 183
 184                 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
 185                 {
 186                         LOG_ERROR("auto_probe failed %d\n", retval);
 187                         return NULL;
 188                 }
 189                 /* check whether address belongs to this flash bank */
 190                 if ((addr >= c->base) && (addr <= c->base + (c->size - 1)) && target == c->target)
 191                         return c;
 192         }
 193         LOG_ERROR("No flash at address 0x%08" PRIx32 "\n", addr);
 194         return NULL;
 195 }
 196
 197 int default_flash_mem_blank_check(struct flash_bank *bank)
 198 {
 199         struct target *target = bank->target;
 200         const int buffer_size = 1024;
 201         int i;
 202         uint32_t nBytes;
 203         int retval = ERROR_OK;
 204
 205         if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
 206         {
 207                 LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
 208                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 209         }
 210
 211         uint8_t *buffer = malloc(buffer_size);
 212
 213         for (i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++)
 214         {
 215                 uint32_t j;
 216                 bank->sectors[i].is_erased = 1;
 217
 218                 for (j = 0; j < bank->sectors[i].size; j += buffer_size)
 219                 {
 220                         uint32_t chunk;
 221                         chunk = buffer_size;
 222                         if (chunk > (j - bank->sectors[i].size))
 223                         {
 224                                 chunk = (j - bank->sectors[i].size);
 225                         }
 226
 227                         retval = target_read_memory(target, bank->base + bank->sectors[i].offset + j, 4, chunk/4, buffer);
 228                         if (retval != ERROR_OK)
 229                         {
 230                                 goto done;
 231                         }
 232
 233                         for (nBytes = 0; nBytes < chunk; nBytes++)
 234                         {
 235                                 if (buffer[nBytes] != 0xFF)
 236                                 {
 237                                         bank->sectors[i].is_erased = 0;
 238                                         break;
 239                                 }
 240                         }
 241                 }
 242         }
 243
 244         done:
 245         free(buffer);
 246
 247         return retval;
 248 }
 249
 250 int default_flash_blank_check(struct flash_bank *bank)
 251 {
 252         struct target *target = bank->target;
 253         int i;
 254         int retval;
 255         int fast_check = 0;
 256         uint32_t blank;
 257
 258         if (bank->target->state != TARGET_HALTED)
 259         {
 260                 LOG_ERROR("Target not halted");
 261                 return ERROR_TARGET_NOT_HALTED;
 262         }
 263
 264         for (i = 0; i < bank->num_sectors; i++)
 265         {
 266                 uint32_t address = bank->base + bank->sectors[i].offset;
 267                 uint32_t size = bank->sectors[i].size;
 268
 269                 if ((retval = target_blank_check_memory(target, address, size, &blank)) != ERROR_OK)
 270                 {
 271                         fast_check = 0;
 272                         break;
 273                 }
 274                 if (blank == 0xFF)
 275                         bank->sectors[i].is_erased = 1;
 276                 else
 277                         bank->sectors[i].is_erased = 0;
 278                 fast_check = 1;
 279         }
 280
 281         if (!fast_check)
 282         {
 283                 LOG_USER("Running slow fallback erase check - add working memory");
 284                 return default_flash_mem_blank_check(bank);
 285         }
 286
 287         return ERROR_OK;
 288 }
 289
 290 /* erase given flash region, selects proper bank according to target and address */
 291 static int flash_iterate_address_range(struct target *target,
 292                 uint32_t addr, uint32_t length,
 293                 int (*callback)(struct flash_bank *bank, int first, int last))
 294 {
 295         struct flash_bank *c;
 296         uint32_t last_addr = addr + length;     /* first address AFTER end */
 297         int first = -1;
 298         int last = -1;
 299         int i;
 300
 301         if ((c = get_flash_bank_by_addr(target, addr)) == NULL)
 302                 return ERROR_FLASH_DST_OUT_OF_BANK; /* no corresponding bank found */
 303
 304         if (c->size == 0 || c->num_sectors == 0)
 305         {
 306                 LOG_ERROR("Bank is invalid");
 307                 return ERROR_FLASH_BANK_INVALID;
 308         }
 309
 310         if (length == 0)
 311         {
 312                 /* special case, erase whole bank when length is zero */
 313                 if (addr != c->base)
 314                         return ERROR_FLASH_DST_BREAKS_ALIGNMENT;
 315
 316                 return callback(c, 0, c->num_sectors - 1);
 317         }
 318
 319         /* check whether it all fits in this bank */
 320         if (addr + length - 1 > c->base + c->size - 1)
 321                 return ERROR_FLASH_DST_BREAKS_ALIGNMENT;
 322
 323         /** @todo: handle erasures that cross into adjacent banks */
 324
 325         addr -= c->base;
 326         last_addr -= c->base;
 327
 328         for (i = 0; i < c->num_sectors; i++)
 329         {
 330                 struct flash_sector *f = c->sectors + i;
 331
 332                 /* start only on a sector boundary */
 333                 if (first < 0) {
 334                         /* is this the first sector? */
 335                         if (addr == f->offset)
 336                                 first = i;
 337                         else if (addr < f->offset)
 338                                 break;
 339                 }
 340
 341                 /* is this (also?) the last sector? */
 342                 if (last_addr == f->offset + f->size) {
 343                         last = i;
 344                         break;
 345                 }
 346
 347                 /* MUST finish on a sector boundary */
 348                 if (last_addr <= f->offset)
 349                         break;
 350         }
 351
 352         /* invalid start or end address? */
 353         if (first == -1 || last == -1) {
 354                 LOG_ERROR("address range 0x%8.8x .. 0x%8.8x "
 355                                 "is not sector-aligned",
 356                                 (unsigned) (c->base + addr),
 357                                 (unsigned) (last_addr - 1));
 358                 return ERROR_FLASH_DST_BREAKS_ALIGNMENT;
 359         }
 360
 361         /* The NOR driver may trim this range down, based on
 362          * whether or not a given sector is already erased.
 363          *
 364          * REVISIT should *we* trim it... ?
 365          */
 366         return callback(c, first, last);
 367 }
 368
 369 int flash_erase_address_range(struct target *target,
 370                 uint32_t addr, uint32_t length)
 371 {
 372         return flash_iterate_address_range(target,
 373                         addr, length, &flash_driver_erase);
 374 }
 375
 376 static int flash_driver_unprotect(struct flash_bank *bank, int first, int last)
 377 {
 378         return flash_driver_protect(bank, 0, first, last);
 379 }
 380
 381 static int flash_unlock_address_range(struct target *target, uint32_t addr, uint32_t length)
 382 {
 383         return flash_iterate_address_range(target,
 384                         addr, length, &flash_driver_unprotect);
 385 }
 386
 387 int flash_write_unlock(struct target *target, struct image *image,
 388                 uint32_t *written, int erase, bool unlock)
 389 {
 390         int retval = ERROR_OK;
 391
 392         int section;
 393         uint32_t section_offset;
 394         struct flash_bank *c;
 395         int *padding;
 396
 397         section = 0;
 398         section_offset = 0;
 399
 400         if (written)
 401                 *written = 0;
 402
 403         if (erase)
 404         {
 405                 /* assume all sectors need erasing - stops any problems
 406                  * when flash_write is called multiple times */
 407
 408                 flash_set_dirty();
 409         }
 410
 411         /* allocate padding array */
 412         padding = calloc(image->num_sections, sizeof(*padding));
 413
 414         /* loop until we reach end of the image */
 415         while (section < image->num_sections)
 416         {
 417                 uint32_t buffer_size;
 418                 uint8_t *buffer;
 419                 int section_first;
 420                 int section_last;
 421                 uint32_t run_address = image->sections[section].base_address + section_offset;
 422                 uint32_t run_size = image->sections[section].size - section_offset;
 423                 int pad_bytes = 0;
 424
 425                 if (image->sections[section].size ==  0)
 426                 {
 427                         LOG_WARNING("empty section %d", section);
 428                         section++;
 429                         section_offset = 0;
 430                         continue;
 431                 }
 432
 433                 /* find the corresponding flash bank */
 434                 if ((c = get_flash_bank_by_addr(target, run_address)) == NULL)
 435                 {
 436                         section++; /* and skip it */
 437                         section_offset = 0;
 438                         continue;
 439                 }
 440
 441                 /* collect consecutive sections which fall into the same bank */
 442                 section_first = section;
 443                 section_last = section;
 444                 padding[section] = 0;
 445                 while ((run_address + run_size - 1 < c->base + c->size - 1)
 446                                 && (section_last + 1 < image->num_sections))
 447                 {
 448                         if (image->sections[section_last + 1].base_address < (run_address + run_size))
 449                         {
 450                                 LOG_DEBUG("section %d out of order "
 451                                                 "(surprising, but supported)",
 452                                                 section_last + 1);
 453                                 /* REVISIT this can break with autoerase ...
 454                                  * clobbering data after it's written.
 455                                  */
 456                                 break;
 457                         }
 458
 459                         /* FIXME This needlessly touches sectors BETWEEN the
 460                          * sections it's writing.  Without auto erase, it just
 461                          * writes ones.  That WILL INVALIDATE data in cases
 462                          * like Stellaris Tempest chips, corrupting internal
 463                          * ECC codes; and at least FreeScale suggests issues
 464                          * with that approach (in HC11 documentation).
 465                          *
 466                          * With auto erase enabled, data in those sectors will
 467                          * be needlessly destroyed; and some of the limited
 468                          * number of flash erase cycles will be wasted...
 469                          *
 470                          * In both cases, the extra writes slow things down.
 471                          */
 472
 473                         /* if we have multiple sections within our image, flash programming could fail due to alignment issues
 474                          * attempt to rebuild a consecutive buffer for the flash loader */
 475                         pad_bytes = (image->sections[section_last + 1].base_address) - (run_address + run_size);
 476                         if ((run_address + run_size + pad_bytes) > (c->base + c->size))
 477                                 break;
 478                         padding[section_last] = pad_bytes;
 479                         run_size += image->sections[++section_last].size;
 480                         run_size += pad_bytes;
 481
 482                         LOG_INFO("Padding image section %d with %d bytes", section_last-1, pad_bytes);
 483                 }
 484
 485                 /* fit the run into bank constraints */
 486                 if (run_address + run_size - 1 > c->base + c->size - 1)
 487                 {
 488                         /* REVISIT isn't this superfluous, given the while()
 489                          * loop conditions above??
 490                          */
 491                         LOG_WARNING("writing %d bytes only - as image section is %d bytes and bank is only %d bytes", \
 492                                     (int)(c->base + c->size - run_address), (int)(run_size), (int)(c->size));
 493                         run_size = c->base + c->size - run_address;
 494                 }
 495
 496                 /* If we're applying any sector automagic, then pad this
 497                  * (maybe-combined) segment to the end of its last sector.
 498                  */
 499                 if (unlock || erase) {
 500                         int sector;
 501                         uint32_t offset_start = run_address - c->base;
 502                         uint32_t offset_end = offset_start + run_size;
 503                         uint32_t end = offset_end, delta;
 504
 505                         for (sector = 0; sector < c->num_sectors; sector++) {
 506                                 end = c->sectors[sector].offset
 507                                                 + c->sectors[sector].size;
 508                                 if (offset_end <= end)
 509                                         break;
 510                         }
 511
 512                         delta = end - offset_end;
 513                         padding[section_last] += delta;
 514                         run_size += delta;
 515                 }
 516
 517                 /* allocate buffer */
 518                 buffer = malloc(run_size);
 519                 buffer_size = 0;
 520
 521                 /* read sections to the buffer */
 522                 while (buffer_size < run_size)
 523                 {
 524                         size_t size_read;
 525
 526                         size_read = run_size - buffer_size;
 527                         if (size_read > image->sections[section].size - section_offset)
 528                             size_read = image->sections[section].size - section_offset;
 529
 530                         if ((retval = image_read_section(image, section, section_offset,
 531                                         size_read, buffer + buffer_size, &size_read)) != ERROR_OK || size_read == 0)
 532                         {
 533                                 free(buffer);
 534                                 free(padding);
 535                                 return retval;
 536                         }
 537
 538                         /* see if we need to pad the section */
 539                         while (padding[section]--)
 540                                  (buffer + buffer_size)[size_read++] = 0xff;
 541
 542                         buffer_size += size_read;
 543                         section_offset += size_read;
 544
 545                         if (section_offset >= image->sections[section].size)
 546                         {
 547                                 section++;
 548                                 section_offset = 0;
 549                         }
 550                 }
 551
 552                 retval = ERROR_OK;
 553
 554                 if (unlock)
 555                 {
 556                         retval = flash_unlock_address_range(target, run_address, run_size);
 557                 }
 558                 if (retval == ERROR_OK)
 559                 {
 560                         if (erase)
 561                         {
 562                                 /* calculate and erase sectors */
 563                                 retval = flash_erase_address_range(target, run_address, run_size);
 564                         }
 565                 }
 566
 567                 if (retval == ERROR_OK)
 568                 {
 569                         /* write flash sectors */
 570                         retval = flash_driver_write(c, buffer, run_address - c->base, run_size);
 571                 }
 572
 573                 free(buffer);
 574
 575                 if (retval != ERROR_OK)
 576                 {
 577                         free(padding);
 578                         return retval; /* abort operation */
 579                 }
 580
 581                 if (written != NULL)
 582                         *written += run_size; /* add run size to total written counter */
 583         }
 584
 585         free(padding);
 586
 587         return retval;
 588 }
 589
 590 int flash_write(struct target *target, struct image *image,
 591                 uint32_t *written, int erase)
 592 {
 593         return flash_write_unlock(target, image, written, erase, false);
 594 }