0416d1ec0892a087710627ceb61555854534f99c
[sw/motorsim] / src / com / billkuker / rocketry / motorsim / Burn.java
1 package com.billkuker.rocketry.motorsim;\r
2 \r
3 \r
4 \r
5 import java.util.Date;\r
6 import java.util.HashSet;\r
7 import java.util.Set;\r
8 import java.util.SortedMap;\r
9 import java.util.TreeMap;\r
10 \r
11 import javax.measure.quantity.Area;\r
12 import javax.measure.quantity.Dimensionless;\r
13 import javax.measure.quantity.Duration;\r
14 import javax.measure.quantity.Force;\r
15 import javax.measure.quantity.Length;\r
16 import javax.measure.quantity.Mass;\r
17 import javax.measure.quantity.MassFlowRate;\r
18 import javax.measure.quantity.Pressure;\r
19 import javax.measure.quantity.Quantity;\r
20 import javax.measure.quantity.Temperature;\r
21 import javax.measure.quantity.Velocity;\r
22 import javax.measure.quantity.Volume;\r
23 import javax.measure.quantity.VolumetricDensity;\r
24 import javax.measure.unit.SI;\r
25 \r
26 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;\r
27 import org.jscience.physics.amount.Amount;\r
28 import org.jscience.physics.amount.Constants;\r
29 \r
30 import com.billkuker.rocketry.motorsim.Validating.ValidationException;\r
31 \r
32 public class Burn {\r
33         private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Burn.class);\r
34         \r
35         private static final BurnSettings settings = new BurnSettings();\r
36         public static final BurnSettings getBurnSettings(){\r
37                 return settings;\r
38         }\r
39         \r
40         /**\r
41          * A class representing all the settigns one can change on a burn\r
42          * @author bkuker\r
43          */\r
44         public static class BurnSettings {\r
45                 private BurnSettings(){};\r
46 \r
47                 public enum BurnVolumeMethod {\r
48                         DeltaVolume,\r
49                         SurfaceTimesRegression;\r
50                 }\r
51                 \r
52                 private BurnVolumeMethod volumeMethod = BurnVolumeMethod.SurfaceTimesRegression;\r
53                 private double regStepIncreaseFactor = 1.01;\r
54                 private double regStepDecreaseFactor = .5;\r
55                 private Amount<Pressure> chamberPressureMaxDelta = Amount.valueOf(.5, SI.MEGA(SI.PASCAL));\r
56                 private Amount<Pressure> endPressure = Amount.valueOf(.1, RocketScience.PSI);\r
57                 private Amount<Pressure> atmosphereicPressure = Amount.valueOf(101000, SI.PASCAL);\r
58                 \r
59                 public void setVolumeMethod(BurnVolumeMethod volumeMethod) {\r
60                         this.volumeMethod = volumeMethod;\r
61                 }\r
62                 public BurnVolumeMethod getVolumeMethod() {\r
63                         return volumeMethod;\r
64                 }\r
65                 public double getRegStepIncreaseFactor() {\r
66                         return regStepIncreaseFactor;\r
67                 }\r
68                 public void setRegStepIncreaseFactor(double regStepIncreaseFactor) {\r
69                         this.regStepIncreaseFactor = regStepIncreaseFactor;\r
70                 }\r
71                 public double getRegStepDecreaseFactor() {\r
72                         return regStepDecreaseFactor;\r
73                 }\r
74                 public void setRegStepDecreaseFactor(double regStepDecreaseFactor) {\r
75                         this.regStepDecreaseFactor = regStepDecreaseFactor;\r
76                 }\r
77                 public Amount<Pressure> getChamberPressureMaxDelta() {\r
78                         return chamberPressureMaxDelta;\r
79                 }\r
80                 public void setChamberPressureMaxDelta(Amount<Pressure> chamberPressureMaxDelta) {\r
81                         this.chamberPressureMaxDelta = chamberPressureMaxDelta;\r
82                 }\r
83                 public Amount<Pressure> getEndPressure() {\r
84                         return endPressure;\r
85                 }\r
86                 public void setEndPressure(Amount<Pressure> endPressure) {\r
87                         this.endPressure = endPressure;\r
88                 }\r
89                 public Amount<Pressure> getAtmosphereicPressure() {\r
90                         return atmosphereicPressure;\r
91                 }\r
92                 public void setAtmosphereicPressure(Amount<Pressure> atmosphereicPressure) {\r
93                         this.atmosphereicPressure = atmosphereicPressure;\r
94                 }\r
95         }\r
96         \r
97         protected final Motor motor;\r
98         \r
99         private boolean burning = false;\r
100         private boolean done = false;\r
101         \r
102         public interface BurnProgressListener{\r
103                 public void setProgress(float p);\r
104                 public void burnComplete();\r
105         }\r
106                 \r
107         private Set<BurnProgressListener> bpls = new HashSet<Burn.BurnProgressListener>();\r
108 \r
109         public class Interval{\r
110                 public Amount<Duration> time;\r
111                 public Amount<Duration> dt;\r
112                 public Amount<Length> regression;\r
113                 public Amount<Pressure> chamberPressure;\r
114                 Amount<Mass> chamberProduct;\r
115                 public Amount<Force> thrust;\r
116 \r
117                 public String toString(){\r
118                         return time + " " + dt + " " + regression + " " + chamberPressure + " " + chamberProduct;\r
119                 }\r
120         }\r
121         \r
122         protected SortedMap<Amount<Duration>,Interval> data = new TreeMap<Amount<Duration>, Interval>();\r
123         \r
124         public SortedMap<Amount<Duration>,Interval> getData(){\r
125                 if ( !done )\r
126                         throw new IllegalStateException("Burn not complete!");\r
127                 return data;\r
128         }\r
129         \r
130         public Motor getMotor(){\r
131                 return motor;\r
132         }\r
133 \r
134         public Amount<Duration> burnTime(){\r
135                 return getData().lastKey();\r
136         }\r
137         \r
138         public Burn(Motor m){\r
139                 try {\r
140                         m.validate();\r
141                 } catch (ValidationException e) {\r
142                         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Motor: " + e.getMessage());\r
143                 }\r
144                 motor = m;\r
145         }\r
146         \r
147         public void addBurnProgressListener( BurnProgressListener bpl ){\r
148                 bpls.add(bpl);\r
149                 if ( done )\r
150                         bpl.burnComplete();\r
151         }\r
152         \r
153         public void burn(){\r
154                 synchronized(this){\r
155                         if ( burning )\r
156                                 throw new IllegalStateException("Already burning!");\r
157                         burning = true;\r
158                 }\r
159                 log.info("Starting burn...");\r
160                 for (BurnProgressListener bpl : bpls ){\r
161                         bpl.setProgress(0);\r
162                 }\r
163                 \r
164                 int endPressureSteps = 0;\r
165                 long start = new Date().getTime();\r
166                 \r
167                 Amount<Length> regStep = Amount.valueOf(0.01, SI.MILLIMETER);\r
168 \r
169                 Interval initial = new Interval();\r
170                 initial.time = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.SECOND);\r
171                 initial.dt = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.SECOND);\r
172                 initial.regression = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.MILLIMETER);\r
173                 initial.chamberPressure = settings.getAtmosphereicPressure();\r
174                 initial.chamberProduct = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.KILOGRAM);\r
175                 initial.thrust = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.NEWTON);\r
176                 \r
177                 data.put(Amount.valueOf(0, SI.SECOND), initial);\r
178                 \r
179                 step:\r
180                 for ( int i = 0; i < 5000; i++ ) {\r
181                         assert(positive(regStep));\r
182                         regStep = regStep.times(settings.getRegStepIncreaseFactor());\r
183                         \r
184                         Interval prev = data.get(data.lastKey());\r
185                         log.debug(prev);\r
186                         log.debug("Step " + i + " ==============================");\r
187                         Interval next = new Interval();\r
188                         \r
189                         Amount<Velocity> burnRate = motor.getFuel().burnRate(prev.chamberPressure);\r
190                         assert(positive(burnRate));\r
191                         \r
192                         log.debug("Burn Rate: " + burnRate);\r
193                         \r
194                         Amount<Duration> dt = regStep.divide(burnRate).to(Duration.UNIT);\r
195                         assert(positive(dt));\r
196                         next.dt = dt;\r
197                         \r
198 \r
199                         \r
200                         log.debug("Dt: " + dt);\r
201                         \r
202                         next.regression = prev.regression.plus(regStep);\r
203                         assert(positive(next.regression));\r
204                         \r
205                         log.debug("Regression: " + next.regression);\r
206                         \r
207                         //Update BurnProgressListeners\r
208                         Amount<Dimensionless> a = next.regression.divide(motor.getGrain().webThickness()).to(Dimensionless.UNIT);\r
209                         for (BurnProgressListener bpl : bpls ){\r
210                                 bpl.setProgress((float)a.doubleValue(Dimensionless.UNIT));\r
211                         }\r
212 \r
213                         \r
214                         next.time = prev.time.plus(dt);\r
215                         \r
216                         //log.debug("Vold: " + motor.getGrain().volume(prev.regression).to(SI.MILLIMETER.pow(3)));\r
217                         \r
218                         //log.debug("Vnew: " + motor.getGrain().volume(next.regression).to(SI.MILLIMETER.pow(3)));\r
219                         \r
220                         Amount<Volume> volumeBurnt;\r
221                         if ( settings.getVolumeMethod() == BurnSettings.BurnVolumeMethod.DeltaVolume ){\r
222                                 volumeBurnt = motor.getGrain().volume(prev.regression).minus(motor.getGrain().volume(next.regression));\r
223                         } else {\r
224                                 volumeBurnt = motor.getGrain().surfaceArea(prev.regression).times(regStep).to(Volume.UNIT);\r
225                         }\r
226                         assert(positive(volumeBurnt));\r
227                         //log.info("Volume Burnt: " + volumeBurnt.to(SI.MILLIMETER.pow(3)));\r
228                         \r
229                         Amount<MassFlowRate> mGenRate = volumeBurnt.times(motor.getFuel().getIdealDensity().times(motor.getFuel().getDensityRatio())).divide(dt).to(MassFlowRate.UNIT);\r
230                         assert(positive(mGenRate));\r
231                         \r
232                         //log.debug("Mass Gen Rate: " + mGenRate);\r
233                         \r
234                         //Calculate specific gas constant\r
235                         Amount<?> specificGasConstant = Constants.R.divide(motor.getFuel().getCombustionProduct().getEffectiveMolarWeight());\r
236                         //This unit conversion helps JScience to convert nozzle flow rate to\r
237                         //kg/s a little later on I verified the conversion by hand and\r
238                         //JScience checks it too.\r
239                         specificGasConstant = convertSpecificGasConstantUnits(specificGasConstant);\r
240                         \r
241                         //Calculate chamber temperature\r
242                         Amount<Temperature> chamberTemp = motor.getFuel().getCombustionProduct().getIdealCombustionTemperature().times(motor.getFuel().getCombustionEfficiency());\r
243                         \r
244                         Amount<MassFlowRate> mNozzle;\r
245                         {\r
246                                 Amount<Pressure> pDiff = prev.chamberPressure.minus(settings.getAtmosphereicPressure());\r
247                                 //log.debug("Pdiff: " + pDiff);\r
248                                 Amount<Area> aStar = motor.getNozzle().throatArea();\r
249                                 double k = motor.getFuel().getCombustionProduct().getRatioOfSpecificHeats();\r
250                                 double kSide = Math.sqrt(k) * Math.pow((2/(k+1)) , (((k+1)/2)/(k-1)));\r
251                                 Amount<?> sqrtPart = specificGasConstant.times(chamberTemp).sqrt();\r
252                                 mNozzle = pDiff.times(aStar).times(kSide).divide(sqrtPart).to(MassFlowRate.UNIT);\r
253                                 //log.debug("Mass Exit Rate: " + mNozzle.to(MassFlowRate.UNIT));                \r
254                         }\r
255                         assert(positive(mNozzle));\r
256                         \r
257                         Amount<MassFlowRate> massStorageRate = mGenRate.minus(mNozzle);\r
258                         \r
259                         //log.debug("Mass Storage Rate: " + massStorageRate);\r
260 \r
261                         next.chamberProduct = prev.chamberProduct.plus(massStorageRate.times(dt));\r
262                         \r
263                         //Product can not go negative!\r
264                         if ( !positive(next.chamberProduct) ){\r
265                                 log.warn("ChamberProduct Negative on step " + i + "!, Adjusting regstep down and repeating step!");\r
266                                 regStep = regStep.times(settings.getRegStepDecreaseFactor());\r
267                                 continue step;\r
268                         }\r
269                         assert(positive(next.chamberProduct));\r
270                         if ( next.chamberProduct.isLessThan(Amount.valueOf(0, SI.KILOGRAM)) )\r
271                                 next.chamberProduct = Amount.valueOf(0, SI.KILOGRAM);\r
272                         \r
273                         //log.debug("Chamber Product: " + next.chamberProduct);\r
274                         \r
275                         Amount<VolumetricDensity> combustionProductDensity = next.chamberProduct.divide(motor.getChamber().chamberVolume().minus(motor.getGrain().volume(next.regression))).to(VolumetricDensity.UNIT);\r
276                         \r
277                         log.debug("Product Density: " + combustionProductDensity);\r
278                         \r
279                         next.chamberPressure = combustionProductDensity.times(specificGasConstant).times(chamberTemp).plus(settings.getAtmosphereicPressure()).to(Pressure.UNIT);\r
280                         assert(positive(next.chamberPressure));\r
281                         \r
282                         next.chamberPressure = Amount.valueOf(\r
283                                         next.chamberPressure.doubleValue(SI.PASCAL),\r
284                                         SI.PASCAL);\r
285                         \r
286                         Amount<Pressure> dp = next.chamberPressure.minus(prev.chamberPressure);\r
287                         if ( dp.abs().isGreaterThan(settings.getChamberPressureMaxDelta())){\r
288                                 log.warn("DP " + dp + " too big!, Adjusting regstep down and repeating step!");\r
289                                 regStep = regStep.times(settings.getRegStepDecreaseFactor());\r
290                                 continue step;\r
291                         }\r
292                         \r
293                         next.thrust = motor.getNozzle().thrust(next.chamberPressure, settings.getAtmosphereicPressure(), settings.getAtmosphereicPressure(), motor.getFuel().getCombustionProduct().getRatioOfSpecificHeats2Phase());\r
294                         assert(positive(next.thrust));\r
295                         \r
296                         if ( i > 100 && next.chamberPressure.minus(settings.getAtmosphereicPressure()).abs().isLessThan(settings.getEndPressure())){\r
297                                 log.info("Pressure at ~Patm on step " + i);\r
298                                 endPressureSteps++;\r
299                                 if ( endPressureSteps > 5 )\r
300                                         break;\r
301                         }\r
302                         \r
303                         data.put(data.lastKey().plus(dt), next);\r
304                 }\r
305 \r
306                 long time = new Date().getTime() - start;\r
307                 log.info("Burn took " + time + " millis.");\r
308                 done = true;\r
309                 for (BurnProgressListener bpl : bpls ){\r
310                         bpl.burnComplete();\r
311                 }\r
312         }\r
313         \r
314         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")\r
315         /*\r
316          * This converts the units of this constant to something JScience is able\r
317          * to work from. This conversion is unchecked at compile time, but\r
318          * JScience keeps me honest at runtime.\r
319          */\r
320         private Amount convertSpecificGasConstantUnits(Amount a){\r
321                 return a.to(\r
322                                 SI.METER.pow(2).divide(SI.SECOND.pow(2).times(SI.KELVIN)));\r
323         }\r
324         \r
325         public Amount<Pressure> pressure(Amount<Duration> time){\r
326                 return getData().get(time).chamberPressure;\r
327         }\r
328         \r
329         public Amount<Force> thrust(Amount<Duration> time){\r
330                 return getData().get(time).thrust;\r
331         }\r
332         \r
333         public Amount<Dimensionless> kn(Amount<Length> regression){\r
334                 return motor.getGrain().surfaceArea(regression).divide(motor.getNozzle().throatArea()).to(Dimensionless.UNIT);\r
335         }\r
336         \r
337         \r
338         private <Q extends Quantity> boolean positive(Amount<Q> a){\r
339                 return ( a.isGreaterThan(a.minus(a)) || a.equals(a.minus(a)));\r
340         }\r
341 \r
342 }\r