4 <!-- Manpage converted by man2html 3.0.1 -->
8 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> - bitmap generator for a circu-
9 lar conductor inside a rectangular conductor (part of <B>atlc</B>)
13 <H2>SYNOPSIS</H2><PRE>
14 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>[options...</B> <B>]</B> <B>d</B> <B>W</B> <B>H</B> <B>x</B> <B>y</B> <B>Er</B>
20 This man page is not a complete set of documentation - the
21 complexity of the atlc project makes man pages not an ideal
22 way to document it, although out of completeness, man pages
23 are produced. The best documentation that was current at the
24 time the version was produced should be found on your hard
26 /usr/local/share/atlc/docs/html-docs/index.html
27 although it might be elsewhere if your system administrator
28 chose to install the package elsewhere. Sometimes, errors
29 are corrected in the documentation and placed at
30 http://atlc.sourceforge.net/ before a new release of atlc is
31 released. Please, if you notice a problem with the documen-
32 tation - even spelling errors and typos, please let me know.
37 <H2>DESCRIPTION</H2><PRE>
38 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> is a pre-processor for <B>atlc</B>, the
39 finite difference program that is used to calculate the pro-
40 perties of a two-conductor electrical transmission line of
41 arbitrary cross section. The program
42 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> is used as a fast way of gen-
43 erating bitmaps (there is no need to use a graphics pro-
44 gram), for a circular conductor inside a rectangular conduc-
47 -------------------------------------------------------- ^
53 | Dielectric, permittivity=Er | |
58 | <------x------> ^ | H
62 | ************** | | |
63 | <-----d------> v | |
69 ------------------------------------------------------- v
70 <---------------------------W-------------------------->
72 The parameters 'W' and 'H' and the inner dimensions of the
73 outer conductor. The inner conductor has a diameter of 'd'
74 and is offset from the centre of the outer conductor by an
75 amount 'x' horizontally and 'y' vertically. The space
76 between the inner and outer conductors is a dielectric of
77 relative permittivity 'Er'. If there is just a vacuum
78 dielectric, then 'Er' should be set to 1.0
80 The bitmap is printed to standard output, which <B>MUST</B> be re-
81 directed to either a file in one of the following two ways.
83 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>d</B> <B>W</B> <B>H</B> <B>x</B> <B>y</B> <B>Er</B> <B>></B> <B>filename.bmp</B> OR
84 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>-f</B> <B>filename.bmp</B> <B>d</B> <B>W</B> <B>H</B> <B>x</B> <B>y</B> <B>Er</B>
86 The bitmaps produced by <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> are 24-
87 bit bit colour bitmaps, as are required by <B>atlc</B>.
89 The permittivities of the bitmap, set by 'Er', determine the
90 colours in the bitmap. If Er1 is 1.0, 1.006, 2.1, 2.2, 2.33,
91 2.5, 3.3, 3.335, 3.7, 4.8, 10.2 or 100 then the colour
92 corresponding to that permittivity will be set according to
93 the colours defined in COLOURS below. If Er is not one of
94 those permittivities, the region of permittivity Er will be
95 set to the colour 0xCAFF00. The program <B>atlc</B> does not know
96 what these permittivites are, so <B>atlc</B>, must be told with the
97 -d command line option, as in example 4 below.
101 <H2>OPTIONS</H2><PRE>
102 <B>-b</B> <B>bitmapsize</B>
103 is used to set the size of the bitmap, and so the accuracy
104 to which atlc is able to calculate the transmission line's
105 properties. The default value for 'bitmapsize' is normally
106 4, although this is set at compile time. The value can be
107 set anywhere from 1 to 15, but more than 8 is probably not
110 <B>-f</B> <B>outfile</B>
113 Causes <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> to print some data to
114 stderr. Note, nothing extra goes to standard output, as that
115 is expected to be redirected to a bitmap file.
121 <H2>COLOURS</H2><PRE>
122 The 24-bit bitmaps that <B>atlc</B> expects, have 8 bits assigned
123 to represent the amount of red, 8 for blue and 8 for green.
124 Hence there are 256 levels of red, green and blue, making a
125 total of 256*256*256=16777216 colours. Every one of the pos-
126 sible 16777216 colours can be defined precisely by the stat-
127 ing the exact amount of red, green and blue, as in:
129 red = 255,000,000 or 0xff0000
130 green = 000,255,000 or 0x00ff00
131 blue = 000,000,255 or 0x0000ff
132 black = 000,000,000 or 0x000000
133 white = 255,255,255 or 0xffffff
134 Brown = 255,000,255 or 0xff00ff
135 gray = 142,142,142 or 0x8e8e8e
137 Some colours, such as pink, turquoise, sandy, brown, gray
138 etc may mean slightly different things to different people.
139 This is not so with <B>atlc</B>, as the program expects the colours
140 below to be EXACTLY defined as given. Whether you feel the
141 colour is sandy or yellow is up to you, but if you use it in
142 your bitmap, then it either needs to be a colour recognised
143 by atlc, <B>or</B> you must define it with a command line option
144 (see OPTIONS and example 5 below).
145 The following conductors are recognised by atlc:
146 red = 255,000,000 or 0xff0000 is the live conductor.
147 green = 000,255,000 or 0x00ff00 is the grounded conductor.
148 black = 000,000,000 or 0x000000 is the negative conductor
150 All bitmaps <B>must</B> have the live (red) and grounded (green)
151 conductor. The black conductor is not currently supported,
152 but it will be used to indicate a negative conductor, which
153 will be needed if/when the program gets extended to analyse
154 directional couplers.
156 The following dielectrics are recognised by atlc <B>and</B> <B>so</B> <B>are</B>
157 <B>produced</B> <B>by</B> create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect<B>.</B>
159 white 255,255,255 or 0xFFFFFF as Er=1.0 (vacuum)
160 white 255,202,202 or 0xFFCACA as Er=1.0006 (air)
161 blue 000,000,255 or 0x0000FF as Er=2.1 (PTFE)
162 Mid gray 142,242,142 or 0x8E8E8E as Er=2.2 (duroid 5880)
163 mauve 255.000,255 or 0xFF00FF as Er=2.33 (polyethylene)
164 yellow 255,255,000 or 0xFFFF00 as Er=2.5 (polystyrene)
165 sandy 239,203,027 or 0xEFCC1A as Er=3.3 (PVC)
166 brown 188,127,096 or 0xBC7F60 as Er=3.335 (epoxy resin)
167 Turquoise 026,239,179 or 0x1AEFB3 as Er=4.8 (glass PCB)
168 Dark gray 142,142,142 or ox696969 as Er=6.15 (duroid 6006)
169 L. gray 240,240,240 or 0xDCDCDC as Er=10.2 (duroid 6010)
170 D. Orange 213,160,077 or 0xD5A04D as Er=100 (for testing)
171 If the permittivity is one not in the above list, then those
172 parts of the image with Er1 will be set to 0xCAFF00, and
173 those parts with Er2 to 0xAC82AC.
177 <H2>EXAMPLES</H2><PRE>
178 Here are a few examples of the use of
179 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B>. Again, see the html documenta-
180 tion in atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/html-docs for more examples.
182 In the first example, there is just an air dielectric, so
183 Er1=Er2=1.0. The inner of 1x1 inches (or mm, miles etc) is
184 placed centrally in an outer with dimensions 3 x 3 inches.
186 The exact place where the dielectric starts (a) and its
187 width (d) are unimportant, but they must still be entered.
189 <B>%</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>3</B> <B>3</B> <B>1</B> <B>1</B> <B>1</B> <B>1</B> <B>1</B> <B>1</B> <B>></B> <B>ex1.bmp</B>
190 <B>%</B> <B>atlc</B> <B>ex1.bmp</B>
192 In this second example, an inner of 15.0 mm x 0.5 mm is sur-
193 rounded by an outer with internal dimensions of 61.5 x 20.1
194 mm. There is a material with permittivity 2.1 (Er of PTFE)
195 below the inner conductor. The output from
196 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> is sent to a file ex1.bmp, which
197 is then processed by <B>atlc</B>
199 <B>%</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>61.5</B> <B>20.1</B> <B>5</B> <B>22</B> <B>0.5</B> <B>50</B> <B>15</B> <B>5</B> <B>1.0</B>
200 <B>2.1</B> <B>></B> <B>ex2.bmp</B>
201 <B>%</B> <B>atlc</B> <B>ex2.bmp</B>
203 In example 3, the bitmap is made larger, to increase accu-
204 racy, but otherwise this is identical to the second example.
205 <B>%</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>-b7</B> <B>61.5</B> <B>20.1</B> <B>5</B> <B>22</B> <B>0.5</B> <B>50</B> <B>15</B> <B>5</B>
206 <B>1.0</B> <B>2.1</B> <B>></B> <B>ex3.bmp</B>
207 <B>%</B> <B>atlc</B> <B>ex3.bmp</B>
209 In the fourth example, instead of re-directing
210 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect's</B> output to a file with the >
211 sign, it is done using the -f option.
212 <B>%</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>-f</B> <B>ex4.bmp</B> <B>61.5</B> <B>20.1</B> <B>5</B> <B>22</B> <B>0.5</B>
213 <B>50</B> <B>15</B> <B>5</B> <B>1.0</B> <B>2.1</B>
214 <B>%</B> <B>atlc</B> <B>ex4.bmp</B>
216 In the fifth example, materials with permittivites 2.78 and
217 7.89 are used. While there is no change in how to use
218 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B>, since these permittivities are
219 not known, we must tell <B>atlc</B> what they are.
221 <B>%</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B> <B>61</B> <B>20</B> <B>1</B> <B>4</B> <B>22</B> <B>0.5</B> <B>50</B> <B>15</B> <B>5</B> <B>2.78</B>
222 <B>7.89</B> <B>></B> <B>ex5.bmp</B> <B>%</B> <B>atlc</B> <B>-d</B> <B>CAFF00=2.78</B> <B>-d</B> <B>AC82AC=7.89</B> <B>ex5.bmp</B>
224 In the sixth and final example, the -v option is used to
225 print some extra data to stderr from
226 <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_rect</B>.
230 <H2>SEE ALSO</H2><PRE>
231 <B>atlc(1)</B> <B>create_bmp_for_circ_in_circ(1)</B>
232 <B>create_bmp_for_microstrip_coupler(1)</B>
233 <B>create_bmp_for_rect_cen_in_rect(1)</B>
234 <B>create_bmp_for_rect_cen_in_rect_coupler(1)</B>
235 <B>create_bmp_for_rect_in_circ(1)</B>
236 <B>create_bmp_for_rect_in_rect(1)</B>
237 <B>create_bmp_for_stripline_coupler(1)</B>
238 <B>create_bmp_for_symmetrical_stripline(1)</B> <B>design_coupler(1)</B>
239 <B>find_optimal_dimensions_for_microstrip_coupler(1)</B> <B>readbin(1)</B>
241 http://atlc.sourceforge.net - Home page
242 http://sourceforge.net/projects/atlc - Download area
243 atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/html-docs/index.html - HTML docs
244 atlc-X.Y.Z/docs/qex-december-1996/atlc.pdf - theory paper
245 atlc-X.Y.Z/examples - examples
285 Man(1) output converted with
286 <a href="http://www.oac.uci.edu/indiv/ehood/man2html.html">man2html</a>