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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S(ME).219 E F0(splat \255 A)108 96 Q/F2
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF(S)2.5 E F0(ignal)A F2(P)2.5 E F0(ropag)A(ation,)-.05
-E F2(L)2.5 E F0(oss,)A F2(A)2.5 E F0(nd)A F2(T)2.5 E F0
-(errain analysis tool)A F1(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q F0 .675(splat [-t)108
-124.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tr)3.175 E(ansmitter_site)-.15 E(.qth)
--.15 E F0 3.174(][)C(-r)-3.174 E F3 -.37(re)3.174 G(ceiver_site).37 E
-(.qth)-.15 E F0 3.174(][)C(-c)-3.174 E F3(rx_antenna_height_for_los_co)
-3.174 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)-.15 G .674(_analysis \(feet\)).1 F
-(\(\215oat\))108 136.8 Q F0 4.38(][)C(-L)-4.38 E F3
-(rx_antenna_height_for_Longle)4.38 E(y-Rice_co)-.3 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)
--.15 G 1.88(_analysis \(feet\) \(\215oat\)).1 F F0 4.38(][)C(-p)-4.38 E
-F3(terr)4.38 E(ain_pr)-.15 E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0(])A
-([-e)108 148.8 Q F3(ele)5.543 E(vation_pr)-.15 E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15
-E(xt)-.2 E F0 5.543(][)C(-h)-5.543 E F3(height_pr)5.543 E(o\214le)-.45 E
-(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 5.543(][)C(-l)-5.543 E F3(Longle)5.543 E
-(y-Rice_pr)-.3 E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 5.543(][)C(-o)
--5.543 E F3(topo)5.542 E(gr)-.1 E(aphic_map_\214le-)-.15 E(name)108
-160.8 Q(.ppm)-.15 E F0 5.196(][)C(-b)-5.196 E F3(carto)5.196 E(gr)-.1 E
-(aphic_boundary_\214lename)-.15 E(.dat)-.15 E F0 5.197(][)C(-s)-5.197 E
-F3(site/city_database)5.197 E(.dat)-.15 E F0 5.197(][)C(-d)-5.197 E F3
-(sdf_dir)5.197 E(ectory_path)-.37 E F0(])A([-m)108 172.8 Q F3(earth_r)
-2.5 E(adius_multiplier \(\215oat\))-.15 E F0 2.5(][)C(-R)-2.5 E F3
-(maximum_co)2.5 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)-.15 G(_r).1 E(ang)-.15 E 2.5(e\()
--.1 G(for -c or -L\) \(miles\) \(\215oat\))-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C(-n] [-N])
--2.5 E F1(DESCRIPTION)72 189.6 Q F2(SPLA)108 201.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.588
-(is a simple, yet po)4.088 F 1.588
-(werful terrain analysis tool written for Unix and Linux-based w)-.25 F
-(orkstations.)-.1 E F2(SPLA)108 213.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .053(is free softw)
-2.553 F 2.553(are. Redistrib)-.1 F .053(ution and/or modi\214cation is \
-permitted under the terms of the GNU Gen-)-.2 F .906
-(eral Public License as published by the Free Softw)108 225.6 R .906
-(are F)-.1 F .906(oundation, either v)-.15 F .906
-(ersion 2 of the License or an)-.15 F(y)-.15 E .622(later v)108 237.6 R
-3.122(ersion. Adoption)-.15 F(of)3.123 E F2(SPLA)3.123 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-.623(source code in proprietary or closed-source applications is a viol\
-ation)3.123 F(of this license, and is)108 249.6 Q F2(strictly)2.5 E F0
-(forbidden.)2.5 E F2(SPLA)108 273.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .531(is distrib)3.031
-F .531(uted in the hope that it will be useful, b)-.2 F .53
-(ut WITHOUT ANY W)-.2 F(ARRANTY)-1.2 E 3.03(,w)-1.29 G .53(ithout e)
--3.03 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .959(the implied w)108 285.6 R .959
-(arranty of MERCHANT)-.1 F .959(ABILITY or FITNESS FOR A P)-.93 F(AR)
--.92 E .96(TICULAR PURPOSE. See the)-.6 F
-(GNU General Public License for more details.)108 297.6 Q F1(INTR)72
-314.4 Q(ODUCTION)-.329 E F2(SPLA)108 326.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .769
-(is a terrestrial RF propag)3.269 F .768
-(ation analysis tool for the spectrum between 20 MHz and 20 GHz, and)
--.05 F(pro)108 338.4 Q 1.482(vides information of interest to communica\
-tion system designers and site engineers.)-.15 F F2(SPLA)6.483 E(T!)-.95
-E F0(deter)3.983 E(-)-.2 E .263
-(mines great circle distances and bearings between sites, antenna ele)
-108 350.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G .263
-(tion angles \(uptilt\), depression angles).25 F(\(do)108 362.4 Q 1.197
-(wntilt\), antenna height abo)-.25 F 1.497 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.197
-(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.197(l, antenna height abo).15 F 1.497
--.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G 1.197(rage terrain, bearings and dis-)
-.15 F .039(tances to kno)108 374.4 R .039(wn obstructions, Longle)-.25 F
-.038
-(y-Rice path loss, and minimum antenna height requirements needed to)
--.15 F 2.721(establish line-of-sight communication paths absent of obst\
-ructions due to terrain.)108 386.4 R F2(SPLA)7.721 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-(produces)5.221 E .242(reports, graphs, and highly detailed and careful\
-ly annotated topographic maps depicting line-of-sight paths,)108 398.4 R
-.068(path loss, and e)108 410.4 R .068(xpected co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-.068(rage areas of transmitters and repeater systems.).15 F .069
-(When performing line-of-sight)5.069 F .794(analysis in situations wher\
-e multiple transmitter or repeater sites are emplo)108 422.4 R(yed,)-.1
-E F2(SPLA)3.294 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .793(determines indi-)3.293 F
-(vidual and mutual areas of co)108 434.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
-(rage within the netw).15 E(ork speci\214ed.)-.1 E F2(SPLA)108 458.4 Q
-(T!)-.95 E F0 1.523(operates in tw)4.023 F 4.023(om)-.1 G(odes:)-4.023 E
-F3 1.523(point-to-point mode)4.023 F F0 4.024(,a)C(nd)-4.024 E F3(ar)
-4.024 E 1.524(ea pr)-.37 F 1.524(ediction mode)-.37 F F0 6.524(.T)C
-1.524(hese modes may be)-6.524 F(in)108 470.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G
-3.084(du).1 G .583(sing either line-of-sight \(LOS\) or Irre)-3.084 F
-.583(gular T)-.15 F .583(errain \(ITM\) propag)-.7 F .583(ation models.)
--.05 F -.35(Tr)5.583 G .583(ue Earth, four).35 F(-)-.2 E .243
-(thirds Earth, or an)108 482.4 R 2.743(yo)-.15 G .243(ther Earth radius\
- may be speci\214ed by the user when performing line-of-sight analysis.)
--2.743 F F1(INPUT FILES)72 499.2 Q F2(SPLA)108 511.2 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .682
-(is a command-line dri)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(na).15 G .682
-(pplication, and reads input data through a number of data \214les.)
--3.182 F(Each)5.681 E 1.188(has its o)108 523.2 R 1.188(wn format.)-.25
-F 1.189(Some \214les are mandatory for successful e)6.188 F -.15(xe)-.15
-G 1.189(cution of the program, while others are).15 F 2.95
-(optional. Mandatory)108 535.2 R .45(\214les include SPLA)2.95 F 2.95
-(TD)-1.11 G .449(ata Files \(SDF \214les\), site location \214les \(QTH\
- \214les\), and Long-)-2.95 F(le)108 547.2 Q .681
-(y-Rice model parameter \214les \(LRP \214les\).)-.15 F .682
-(Optional \214les include city/site location \214les, and cartographic)
-5.681 F(boundary \214les.)108 559.2 Q F1(SPLA)72 576 Q 2.738(TD)-1.04 G
--1.644 -1.04(AT A)-3.121 H(FILES)3.778 E F2(SPLA)108 588 Q(T!)-.95 E F0
-.65(imports topographic data in the form of SPLA)3.15 F 3.15(TD)-1.11 G
-.65(ata Files \(SDFs\) that may be generated from a)-3.15 F .621
-(number of information sources.)108 600 R .622
-(In the United States, SPLA)5.622 F 3.122(TD)-1.11 G .622
-(ata Files are most often deri)-3.122 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.122(df).15 G
-.622(rom U.S.)-3.122 F 1.54(Geological Surv)108 612 R 1.84 -.15(ey D)
--.15 H 1.539(igital Ele).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.539
-(tion Models \(DEMs\) using the).25 F F2(usgs2sdf)4.039 E F0 1.539
-(utility included with)4.039 F F2(SPLA)4.039 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A 1.47
-(USGS Digital Ele)108 624 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.47
-(tion Models compatible with this utility are a).25 F -.25(va)-.2 G
-1.471(ilable at no cost via the Internet at:).25 F F3(http://edcsgs9.cr)
-108 636 Q(.usgs.go)-1.11 E(v/glis/hyper/guide/1_dgr_dem\214g/inde)-.1 E
-(x1m.html)-.2 E F0(.)A(SPLA)108 660 Q 2.646(TD)-1.11 G .146
-(ata Files contain topographic ele)-2.646 F -.25(va)-.25 G .146
-(tions to the nearest meter abo).25 F .445 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .145
-(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.645(lf).15 G .145(or 1-de)-2.645 F
-.145(gree by)-.15 F(1-de)108 672 Q .812(gree re)-.15 F .812
-(gions of the earth with a resolution of 3-arc seconds.)-.15 F .813
-(SDF \214les can be read in either standard)5.812 F .579(format \()108
-684 R F3(.sdf)A F0 3.079(\)a)C 3.079(sg)-3.079 G .579(enerated by the)
--3.079 F F2(usgs2sdf)3.079 E F0(utility)3.079 E 3.079(,o)-.65 G 3.079
-(ri)-3.079 G 3.079(nb)-3.079 G .578(zip2 compressed format \()-3.079 F
-F3(.sdf)A(.bz2)-.15 E F0 3.078(\). Since)B(uncom-)3.078 E .183
-(pressed \214les can be slightly f)108 696 R .183
-(aster to load than compressed \214les,)-.1 F F2(SPLA)2.684 E(T!)-.95 E
-F0 .184(searches for the needed SDF data)2.684 F .091
-(in uncompressed format \214rst.)108 708 R .091
-(If such data cannot located, then)5.091 F F2(SPLA)2.591 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-.09(tries to read the data in bzip2 com-)2.59 F .91(pressed format.)108
-720 R .91(If no compressed SDF \214les can be found for the re)5.91 F
-.91(gion requested,)-.15 F F2(SPLA)3.41 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .91(assumes the)
-3.41 F(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(1)
-195.95 E EP
+/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S(ME).219 E F0(splat \255 An RF)108 96 Q
+/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(S)2.5 E F0(ignal)A F2(P)2.5 E F0(ropag)A(ation,)
+-.05 E F2(L)2.5 E F0(oss,)A F2(A)2.5 E F0(nd)A F2(T)2.5 E F0
+(errain analysis tool)A F1(SYNOPSIS)72 112.8 Q F0 2.893(splat [-t)108
+124.8 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tr)7.893 E(ansmitter_site)-.15 E(.qth)
+-.15 E F0 5.393(][)C(-r)-5.393 E F3 -.37(re)5.393 G(ceiver_site).37 E
+(.qth)-.15 E F0 5.393(][)C(-c)-5.393 E F3 2.892
+(rx antenna height for LOS co)5.393 F(ver)-.1 E 3.092 -.1(age a)-.15 H
+(nalysis).1 E(\(feet/meter)108 136.8 Q .399(s\) \(\215oat\))-.1 F F0
+2.899(][)C(-L)-2.899 E F3 .399(rx antenna height for Longle)2.899 F .399
+(y-Rice co)-.3 F(ver)-.1 E .599 -.1(age a)-.15 H .399
+(nalysis \(feet/meter).1 F .4(s\) \(\215oat\))-.1 F F0 2.9(][)C(-p)-2.9
+E F3(ter)2.9 E(-)-.2 E -.15(ra)108 148.8 S(in_pr).15 E(o\214le)-.45 E
+(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.85(][)C(-e)-2.85 E F3(ele)2.85 E(vation_pr)-.15
+E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.85(][)C(-h)-2.85 E F3
+(height_pr)2.85 E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 2.85(][)C(-H)
+-2.85 E F3(normalized_height_pr)2.85 E(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E
+F0 2.85(][)C(-l)-2.85 E F3(Lon-)2.85 E(gle)108 160.8 Q(y-Rice_pr)-.3 E
+(o\214le)-.45 E(.e)-.15 E(xt)-.2 E F0 5.518(][)C(-o)-5.518 E F3(topo)
+5.518 E(gr)-.1 E(aphic_map_\214lename)-.15 E(.ppm)-.15 E F0 5.518(][)C
+(-b)-5.518 E F3(carto)5.518 E(gr)-.1 E(aphic_boundary_\214lename)-.15 E
+(.dat)-.15 E F0 5.518(][)C(-s)-5.518 E F3(site/city_database)108 172.8 Q
+(.dat)-.15 E F0 3.236(][)C(-d)-3.236 E F3(sdf_dir)3.236 E(ectory_path)
+-.37 E F0 3.236(][)C(-m)-3.236 E F3 .736(earth r)3.236 F .735
+(adius multiplier \(\215oat\))-.15 F F0 3.235(][)C(-f)-3.235 E F3(fr)
+3.235 E .735(equency \(MHz\) for)-.37 F -1.77 -.55(Fr e)108 184.8 T .815
+(snel zone calculations \(\215oat\)).55 F F0 3.315(][)C(-R)-3.315 E F3
+.815(maximum co)3.315 F(ver)-.1 E 1.016 -.1(age r)-.15 H .816
+(adius \(miles/kilometer)-.05 F .816(s\) \(\215oat\))-.1 F F0 3.316(][)C
+(-dB)-3.316 E F3(maximum)3.316 E 1.431
+(attenuation contour to display on path loss maps \(80-230 dB\))108
+196.8 R F0 3.931(][)C(-nf)-3.931 E F3 1.43(do not plot F)3.93 F -.37(re)
+-.55 G 1.43(snel zones in height).37 F(plots)108 208.8 Q F0 2.874(][)C
+(-plo)-2.874 E F3(path_loss_output_\214le)2.874 E(.txt)-.15 E F0 2.874
+(][)C(-pli)-2.874 E F3(path_loss_input_\214le)2.874 E(.txt)-.15 E F0
+2.874(][)C(-udt)-2.874 E F3(user_de\214ned_terr)2.875 E(ain_\214le)-.15
+E(.dat)-.15 E F0 2.875(][)C(-n])-2.875 E([-N] [-geo] [-kml] [-metric])
+108 220.8 Q F1(DESCRIPTION)72 237.6 Q F2(SPLA)108 249.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0
+.854(is a po)3.354 F .854(werful terrestrial RF propag)-.25 F .853
+(ation and terrain analysis tool co)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .853
+(ring the spectrum between).15 F .968(20 MHz and 20 GHz.)108 261.6 R F2
+(SPLA)5.968 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .968(is free softw)3.468 F .968
+(are, and is designed for operation on Unix and Linux-based)-.1 F -.1
+(wo)108 273.6 S 3.171(rkstations. Redistrib).1 F .671(ution and/or modi\
+\214cation is permitted under the terms of the GNU General Public)-.2 F
+.376(License as published by the Free Softw)108 285.6 R .376(are F)-.1 F
+.376(oundation, either v)-.15 F .376(ersion 2 of the License or an)-.15
+F 2.876(yl)-.15 G .376(ater v)-2.876 F(ersion.)-.15 E .349(Adoption of)
+108 297.6 R F2(SPLA)2.849 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .349(source code in proprietar\
+y or closed-source applications is a violation of this license,)2.849 F
+(and is)108 309.6 Q F2(strictly)2.5 E F0(forbidden.)2.5 E F2(SPLA)108
+333.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .53(is distrib)3.03 F .531
+(uted in the hope that it will be useful, b)-.2 F .531(ut WITHOUT ANY W)
+-.2 F(ARRANTY)-1.2 E 3.031(,w)-1.29 G .531(ithout e)-3.031 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(n).15 E .96(the implied w)108 345.6 R .959(arranty of MERCHANT)
+-.1 F .959(ABILITY or FITNESS FOR A P)-.93 F(AR)-.92 E .959
+(TICULAR PURPOSE. See the)-.6 F
+(GNU General Public License for more details.)108 357.6 Q F1(INTR)72
+374.4 Q(ODUCTION)-.329 E F0 .574(Applications of)108 386.4 R F2(SPLA)
+3.074 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .574(include the visualization, design, and link b)
+3.074 F .575(udget analysis of wireless W)-.2 F .575(ide Area)-.4 F
+(Netw)108 398.4 Q 1.94(orks \(W)-.1 F 1.939
+(ANs\), commercial and amateur radio communication systems abo)-1.2 F
+2.239 -.15(ve 2)-.15 H 4.439(0M).15 G 1.939(Hz, micro)-4.439 F -.1(wa)
+-.25 G -.15(ve)-.1 G .92(links, frequenc)108 410.4 R 3.42(yc)-.15 G .92
+(oordination and interference studies, and the determination of analog \
+and digital terres-)-3.42 F(trial radio and tele)108 422.4 Q
+(vision contour re)-.25 E(gions.)-.15 E F2(SPLA)108 446.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0
+(pro)4.691 E 2.191(vides RF site engineering data such as great circle \
+distances and bearings between sites,)-.15 F 2.724(antenna ele)108 458.4
+R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.724(tion angles \(uptilt\), depression angles \(do)
+.25 F 2.724(wntilt\), antenna height abo)-.25 F 3.024 -.15(ve m)-.15 H
+2.725(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(l,).15 E .22(antenna height abo)
+108 470.4 R .52 -.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .22
+(rage terrain, bearings and distances to kno).15 F .22
+(wn obstructions, and Longle)-.25 F .22(y-Rice path)-.15 F 2.726
+(attenuation. In)108 482.4 R .226(addition, the minimum antenna height \
+requirements needed to clear terrain, the \214rst Fresnel)2.726 F
+(zone, and 60% of the \214rst Fresnel zone are also pro)108 494.4 Q
+(vided.)-.15 E F2(SPLA)108 518.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .102(produces reports, \
+graphs, and high resolution topographic maps that depict line-of-sight \
+paths, and)2.603 F(re)108 530.4 Q .153
+(gional path loss contours through which e)-.15 F .154(xpected co)-.15 F
+-.15(ve)-.15 G .154(rage areas of transmitters and repeater systems can)
+.15 F 1.237(be obtained.)108 542.4 R 1.237(When performing line-of-sigh\
+t analysis in situations where multiple transmitter or repeater)6.237 F
+.368(sites are emplo)108 554.4 R(yed,)-.1 E F2(SPLA)2.868 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+.368(determines indi)2.868 F .369(vidual and mutual areas of co)-.25 F
+-.15(ve)-.15 G .369(rage within the netw).15 F .369(ork speci-)-.1 F
+(\214ed.)108 566.4 Q(Simply typing)108 590.4 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(splat)
+2.5 E F0(on the command line will return a summary of)2.5 E F2(SPLA)2.5
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.1 -.55('s c)D(ommand line options:).55 E F4
+(--==[ SPLAT! v1.2.0 Available Options... ]==--)198 614.4 Q
+(-t txsite\(s\).qth \(max of 4\))144 638.4 Q(-r rxsite.qth)144 650.4 Q
+(-c plot coverage of TX\(s\) with an RX antenna at X feet/meters AGL)144
+662.4 Q(-L plot path loss map of TX based on an RX at X feet/meters AGL)
+144 674.4 Q
+(-s filename\(s\) of city/site file\(s\) to import \(max of 5\))144
+686.4 Q(-b filename\(s\) of cartographic boundary file\(s\) to import \
+\(5 max\))144 698.4 Q(-p filename of terrain profile graph to plot)144
+710.4 Q(-e filename of terrain elevation graph to plot)144 722.4 Q F0
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(1)190.955
+E EP
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BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E(re)108 84 Q .937
-(gion is o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.437(rw).15 G .937
-(ater or outside the United States, and will assign an ele)-3.537 F -.25
-(va)-.25 G .936(tion of sea-le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.436(lt).15 G 3.436
-(ot)-3.436 G .936(hese areas.)-3.436 F 1.061(This feature of)108 96 R/F1
-10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)3.561 E(T!)-.95 E F0(mak)3.561 E 1.061
-(es it possible to perform path analysis not only o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
-3.561(rl).15 G 1.062(and, b)-3.561 F 1.062(ut also between)-.2 F 1.389
-(coastal areas not represented by USGS Digital Ele)108 108 R -.25(va)
--.25 G 1.389(tion Model Data since the).25 F 3.889(ya)-.15 G 1.388
-(re de)-3.889 F -.2(vo)-.25 G 1.388(id of an).2 F 3.888(yl)-.15 G(and)
--3.888 E 2.501(masses. Ho)108 120 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .801 -.4
-(r, t).15 H .001(his beha).4 F .001(vior of)-.2 F F1(SPLA)2.501 E(T!)
--.95 E F0 .001(underscores the importance of ha)2.501 F .002
-(ving all the SDF \214les required)-.2 F(for the re)108 132 Q
-(gion being analyzed if meaningful results are to be e)-.15 E(xpected.)
--.15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SITE LOCA)72 148.8 Q(TION \(QTH\) FILES)
--1.04 E F1(SPLA)108 160.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .839
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
+(-h filename of terrain height graph to plot)144 84 Q
+(-H filename of normalized terrain height graph to plot)144 96 Q
+(-l filename of Longley-Rice graph to plot)144 108 Q
+(-o filename of topographic map to generate \(.ppm\))144 120 Q
+(-u filename of user-defined terrain file to import)144 132 Q
+(-d sdf file directory path \(overrides path in ~/.splat_path file\))144
+144 Q(-n no analysis, brief report)144 156 Q(-N no analysis, no report)
+144 168 Q(-m earth radius multiplier)144 180 Q
+(-f frequency for Fresnel zone calculation \(MHz\))144 192 Q
+(-R modify default range for -c or -L \(miles/kilometers\))144 204 Q
+(-db maximum loss contour to display on path loss maps \(80-230 dB\))138
+216 Q(-nf do not plot Fresnel zones in height plots)138 228 Q
+(-plo filename of path-loss output file)132 240 Q
+(-pli filename of path-loss input file)132 252 Q
+(-udt filename of user defined terrain input file)132 264 Q
+(-geo generate a .geo georeference file \(with .ppm output\))132 276 Q
+(-kml generate a Google Earth .kml file \(for point-to-point links\))132
+288 Q(-metric employ metric rather than imperial units for all user I/O)
+114 300 Q/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(INPUT FILES)72 328.8 Q/F3 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)108 340.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .508
+(is a command-line dri)3.008 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.008(na).15 G .507
+(pplication, and reads input data through a number of data \214les.)
+-3.008 F(Some)5.507 E 1.42(\214les are mandatory for successful e)108
+352.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.42
+(cution of the program, while others are optional.).15 F 1.42
+(Mandatory \214les)6.42 F 1.085(include 3-arc second topograph)108 364.8
+R 3.585(ym)-.05 G 1.085(odels in the form of SPLA)-3.585 F 3.585(TD)
+-1.11 G 1.085(ata Files \(SDF \214les\), site location \214les)-3.585 F
+.394(\(QTH \214les\), and Longle)108 376.8 R .394
+(y-Rice model parameter \214les \(LRP \214les\).)-.15 F .395
+(Optional \214les include city location \214les,)5.394 F 1.324
+(cartographic boundary \214les, user)108 388.8 R 1.323(-de\214ned terra\
+in \214les, path-loss input \214les, and antenna radiation pattern)-.2 F
+(\214les.)108 400.8 Q F2(SPLA)72 417.6 Q 2.738(TD)-1.04 G -1.644 -1.04
+(AT A)-3.121 H(FILES)3.778 E F3(SPLA)108 429.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .43
+(imports topographic data in the form of SPLA)2.93 F 2.93(TD)-1.11 G .43
+(ata Files \(SDFs\).)-2.93 F .43(These \214les may be generated)5.43 F
+.737(from a number of information sources.)108 441.6 R .737
+(In the United States, SPLA)5.737 F 3.237(TD)-1.11 G .737
+(ata Files can be generated through)-3.237 F 5.441(U.S. Geological)108
+453.6 R(Surv)5.441 E 3.241 -.15(ey D)-.15 H 2.941(igital Ele).15 F -.25
+(va)-.25 G 2.942(tion Models \(DEMs\) using the).25 F F3(usgs2sdf)5.442
+E F0 2.942(utility included with)5.442 F F3(SPLA)108 465.6 Q(T!)-.95 E
+F0 8.595(.U)C 3.595(SGS Digital Ele)-8.595 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.595
+(tion Models compatible with this utility may be do).25 F 3.595
+(wnloaded from:)-.25 F/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(http://edcftp.cr)108
+477.6 Q(.usgs.go)-1.11 E(v/pub/data/DEM/250/)-.1 E F0(.)A .798
+(Signi\214cantly better resolution and accurac)108 501.6 R 3.298(yc)-.15
+G .798(an be obtained through the use of SR)-3.298 F .798(TM-3 V)-.6 F
+.798(ersion 2 digital)-1.11 F(ele)108 513.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .66
+(tion models.).25 F .659
+(These models are the product of the STS-99 Space Shuttle Radar T)5.66 F
+(opograph)-.8 E 3.159(yM)-.05 G(ission,)-3.159 E .045(and are a)108
+525.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G .045(ilable for most populated re).25 F .045
+(gions of the Earth.)-.15 F(SPLA)5.045 E 2.545(TD)-1.11 G .046
+(ata Files may be generated from SR)-2.545 F(TM)-.6 E .062
+(data using the included)108 537.6 R F3(srtm2sdf)2.562 E F0(utility)
+2.562 E 5.061(.S)-.65 G -.6(RT)-5.061 G .061(M-3 V).6 F .061
+(ersion 2 data may be obtained through anon)-1.11 F .061(ymous FTP)-.15
+F(from:)108 549.6 Q F4(ftp://e0srp01u.ecs.nasa.go)2.5 E(v:21/srtm/ver)
+-.1 E(sion2/)-.1 E F0 .241(Despite the higher accurac)108 573.6 R 2.741
+(yt)-.15 G .241(hat SR)-2.741 F .241(TM data has to of)-.6 F(fer)-.25 E
+2.741(,s)-.4 G .241(ome v)-2.741 F .241(oids in the data sets e)-.2 F
+2.741(xist. When)-.15 F -.2(vo)2.741 G .242(ids are).2 F .332
+(detected, the)108 585.6 R F3(srtm2sdf)2.832 E F0 .332
+(utility replaces them with corresponding data found in e)2.832 F .332
+(xisting SDF \214les \(that were)-.15 F .033
+(presumably created from earlier USGS data through the)108 597.6 R F3
+(usgs2sdf)2.533 E F0 2.533(utility\). If)2.533 F(USGS-deri)2.534 E -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.534(dS).15 G .034(DF data is not)-2.534 F -.2(av)108 609.6
+S(ailable, v)-.05 E(oids are handled through adjacent pix)-.2 E(el a)
+-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(raging, or direct replacement.).15 E(SPLA)108 633.6
+Q 2.782(TD)-1.11 G .282(ata Files contain inte)-2.782 F .282(ger v)-.15
+F .282(alue topographic ele)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .282
+(tions \(in meters\) referenced to mean sea le).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+2.782(lf).15 G(or)-2.782 E(1-de)108 645.6 Q .061(gree by 1-de)-.15 F
+.061(gree re)-.15 F .061
+(gions of the earth with a resolution of 3-arc seconds.)-.15 F .062
+(SDF \214les can be read in either)5.062 F .712(standard format \()108
+657.6 R F4(.sdf)A F0 3.212(\)a)C 3.212(sg)-3.212 G .712(enerated by the)
+-3.212 F F3(usgs2sdf)3.211 E F0(and)3.211 E F3(srtm2sdf)3.211 E F0 .711
+(utilities, or in bzip2 compressed format)3.211 F(\()108 669.6 Q F4
+(.sdf)A(.bz2)-.15 E F0 3.067(\). Since)B .568
+(uncompressed \214les can be processed slightly f)3.067 F .568
+(aster than \214les that ha)-.1 F .868 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .568
+(een compressed,).15 F F3(SPLA)108 681.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.764
+(searches for needed SDF data in uncompressed format \214rst.)4.265 F
+1.764(If uncompressed data cannot be)6.764 F(located,)108 693.6 Q F3
+(SPLA)3.47 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .97
+(then searches for data in bzip2 compressed format.)3.47 F .971
+(If no compressed SDF \214les can be)5.971 F .779(found for the re)108
+705.6 R .779(gion requested,)-.15 F F3(SPLA)3.278 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .778
+(assumes the re)3.278 F .778(gion is o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.278(rw)
+.15 G(ater)-3.378 E 3.278(,a)-.4 G .778(nd will assign an ele)-3.278 F
+-.25(va)-.25 G .778(tion of).25 F(sea-le)108 717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
+(lt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(hese areas.)-2.5 E(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625
+(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(2)190.955 E EP
+%%Page: 3 3
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E 1.061
+(This feature of)108 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)3.561 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0(mak)3.561 E 1.061(es it possible to perform path analysis not only o)
+-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.561(rl).15 G 1.062(and, b)-3.561 F 1.062
+(ut also between)-.2 F .555
+(coastal areas not represented by Digital Ele)108 96 R -.25(va)-.25 G
+.554(tion Model data.).25 F(Ho)5.554 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.354
+-.4(r, t).15 H .554(his beha).4 F .554(vior of)-.2 F F1(SPLA)3.054 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0(under)5.554 E(-)-.2 E 1.575(scores the importance of ha)108
+108 R 1.575(ving all the SDF \214les required for the re)-.2 F 1.575
+(gion being analyzed if meaningful)-.15 F(results are to be e)108 120 Q
+(xpected.)-.15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SITE LOCA)72 136.8 Q
+(TION \(QTH\) FILES)-1.04 E F1(SPLA)108 148.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .839
(imports site location information of transmitter and recei)3.339 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.338(rs).15 G .838(ites analyzed by the program from)-3.338
-F 1.963(ASCII \214les ha)108 172.8 R 1.963(ving a)-.2 F/F3 10
-/Times-Italic@0 SF(.qth)4.463 E F0 -.15(ex)4.464 G 4.464(tension. QTH)
-.15 F 1.964(\214les contain the site')4.464 F 4.464(sn)-.55 G 1.964
-(ame, the site')-4.464 F 4.464(sl)-.55 G 1.964(atitude \(in de)-4.464 F
-(grees)-.15 E .744(North\), the site')108 184.8 R 3.244(sl)-.55 G .744
-(ongitude \(in de)-3.244 F .744(grees W)-.15 F .744
-(est\), and the site')-.8 F 3.244(sa)-.55 G .744(ntenna height abo)
--3.244 F 1.043 -.15(ve g)-.15 H .743(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.243
-(l\().15 G -.4(AG)-3.243 G 3.243(L\). A).4 F .305
-(single line-feed character separates each \214eld.)108 196.8 R .305
-(The antenna height is assumed to be speci\214ed in feet unless)5.305 F
-(follo)108 208.8 Q .402(wed by the letter)-.25 F F3(m)2.902 E F0 .402
-(or the w)2.902 F(ord)-.1 E F3(meter)2.902 E(s)-.1 E F0 .402
-(in either upper or lo)2.902 F .401(wer case.)-.25 F .401
-(Latitude and longitude informa-)5.401 F .548(tion may be e)108 220.8 R
-.548(xpressed in either decimal format \(74.6889\) or de)-.15 F .548
-(gree, minute, second \(DMS\) format \(74 41)-.15 F(20.0\).)108 232.8 Q
--.15(Fo)108 256.8 S 3.356(re).15 G .856
+F .375(ASCII \214les ha)108 160.8 R .375(ving a)-.2 F/F3 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(.qth)2.875 E F0 -.15(ex)2.875 G 2.875(tension. QTH)
+.15 F .375(\214les contain the site')2.875 F 2.875(sn)-.55 G .375
+(ame, the site')-2.875 F 2.876(sl)-.55 G .376(atitude \(positi)-2.876 F
+.676 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.876(fN).15 G(orth)-2.876 E 1.127(of the equator)
+108 172.8 R 3.626(,n)-.4 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-3.626 H(ti).15 E 1.426 -.15
+(ve i)-.25 H 3.626(fS).15 G 1.126(outh\), the site')-3.626 F 3.626(sl)
+-.55 G 1.126(ongitude \(in de)-3.626 F 1.126(grees W)-.15 F 1.126
+(est, 0 to 360 de)-.8 F 1.126(grees\), and the site')-.15 F(s)-.55 E
+1.639(antenna height abo)108 184.8 R 1.939 -.15(ve g)-.15 H 1.639
+(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.139(l\().15 G -.4(AG)-4.139 G 1.639
+(L\), each separated by a single line-feed character).4 F 6.64(.T)-.55 G
+1.64(he antenna)-6.64 F .459
+(height is assumed to be speci\214ed in feet unless follo)108 196.8 R
+.459(wed by the letter)-.25 F F3(m)2.959 E F0 .459(or the w)2.959 F(ord)
+-.1 E F3(meter)2.959 E(s)-.1 E F0 .459(in either upper)2.959 F .424
+(or lo)108 208.8 R .424(wer case.)-.25 F .425
+(Latitude and longitude information may be e)5.424 F .425
+(xpressed in either decimal format \(74.6889\) or)-.15 F(de)108 220.8 Q
+(gree, minute, second \(DMS\) format \(74 41 20.0\).)-.15 E -.15(Fo)108
+244.8 S 3.356(re).15 G .856
(xample, a site location \214le describing tele)-3.506 F .856
(vision station WNJT)-.25 F 3.356(,T)-.74 G .856(renton, NJ \()-3.706 F
-F3(wnjt.qth)A F0 3.356(\)m)C .856(ight read as)-3.356 F(follo)108 268.8
-Q(ws:)-.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(WNJT)156 292.8 Q(40.2833)156 304.8 Q
-(74.6889)156 316.8 Q(990.00)156 328.8 Q F0 .23
-(Each transmitter and recei)108 352.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.73(rs).15 G .23
+F3(wnjt.qth)A F0 3.356(\)m)C .856(ight read as)-3.356 F(follo)108 256.8
+Q(ws:)-.25 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(WNJT)156 280.8 Q(40.2833)156 292.8 Q
+(74.6889)156 304.8 Q(990.00)156 316.8 Q F0 .23
+(Each transmitter and recei)108 340.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.73(rs).15 G .23
(ite analyzed by)-2.73 F F1(SPLA)2.73 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .23
(must be represented by its o)2.73 F .23(wn site location \(QTH\))-.25 F
-(\214le.)108 364.8 Q F2(LONGLEY)72 381.6 Q(-RICE P)-1.007 E
-(ARAMETER \(LRP\) FILES)-.81 E F1(SPLA)108 393.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .058
-(imports Longle)2.558 F .058
-(y-Rice model parameter data from \214les ha)-.15 F .057
-(ving the same base name as the transmit-)-.2 F 1.504
-(ter site QTH \214le, b)108 405.6 R 1.504(ut carrying a)-.2 F F3(.lrp)
-4.005 E F0 -.15(ex)4.005 G 1.505(tension, thus pro).15 F 1.505
-(viding simple and accurate correlation between)-.15 F
-(these associated data sets.)108 417.6 Q(The format for the Longle)5 E
-(y-Rice model parameter \214les is as follo)-.15 E(ws \()-.25 E F3
-(wnjt.lrp)A F0(\):)A F4 6(15.000 ;)156 441.6 R
-(Earth Dielectric Constant \(Relative permittivity\))6 E 12(0.005 ;)156
-453.6 R(Earth Conductivity \(Siemens per meter\))6 E
-(301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant \(N-units\))156 465.6 Q
-(700.000 ; Frequency in MHz \(20 MHz to 20 GHz\))156 477.6 Q 42(5;)156
-489.6 S(Radio Climate \(5 = Continental Temperate\))-36 E 42(0;)156
-501.6 S(Polarization \(0 = Horizontal, 1 = Vertical\))-36 E 24(0.5 ;)156
-513.6 R(Fraction of situations \(50% of locations\))6 E 24(0.5 ;)156
-525.6 R(Fraction of time \(50% of the time\))6 E F0 .771(If an LRP \214\
-le corresponding to the tx_site QTH \214le cannot be found,)108 549.6 R
+(\214le.)108 352.8 Q F2(LONGLEY)72 369.6 Q(-RICE P)-1.007 E
+(ARAMETER \(LRP\) FILES)-.81 E F0(Longle)108 381.6 Q 1.082
+(y-Rice parameter data \214les are required for)-.15 F F1(SPLA)3.581 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 1.081(to determine RF path loss in either point-to-)3.581
+F .291(point or area prediction mode.)108 393.6 R(Longle)5.291 E .291
+(y-Rice model parameter data is read from \214les ha)-.15 F .292
+(ving the same base)-.2 F(name as the transmitter site QTH \214le, b)108
+405.6 Q(ut with a format \()-.2 E F3(wnjt.lrp)A F0(\):)A F4 6(15.000 ;)
+156 429.6 R(Earth Dielectric Constant \(Relative permittivity\))6 E 12
+(0.005 ;)156 441.6 R(Earth Conductivity \(Siemens per meter\))6 E
+(301.000 ; Atmospheric Bending Constant \(N-units\))156 453.6 Q
+(700.000 ; Frequency in MHz \(20 MHz to 20 GHz\))156 465.6 Q 42(5;)156
+477.6 S(Radio Climate \(5 = Continental Temperate\))-36 E 42(0;)156
+489.6 S(Polarization \(0 = Horizontal, 1 = Vertical\))-36 E 24(0.5 ;)156
+501.6 R(Fraction of situations \(50% of locations\))6 E 24(0.5 ;)156
+513.6 R(Fraction of time \(50% of the time\))6 E F0 .771(If an LRP \214\
+le corresponding to the tx_site QTH \214le cannot be found,)108 537.6 R
F1(SPLA)3.27 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .77(scans the current w)3.27 F(orking)-.1 E
-.085(directory for the \214le "splat.lrp".)108 561.6 R .085
+.085(directory for the \214le "splat.lrp".)108 549.6 R .085
(If this \214le cannot be found, then the def)5.085 F .085
(ault parameters listed abo)-.1 F .385 -.15(ve w)-.15 H .085(ill be).15
-F .528(assigned by)108 573.6 R F1(SPLA)3.028 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .527(and a \
+F .528(assigned by)108 561.6 R F1(SPLA)3.028 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .527(and a \
corresponding "splat.lrp" \214le containing this data will be written t\
-o the current)3.028 F -.1(wo)108 585.6 S(rking directory).1 E(.)-.65 E
--.8(Ty)108 609.6 S(pical Earth dielectric constants and conducti).8 E
-(vity v)-.25 E(alues are as follo)-.25 E(ws:)-.25 E F4
-(Dielectric Constant)270 633.6 Q(Conductivity)12 E(Salt water)156 645.6
-Q 48(:8)42 G 96(05)-48 G(.000)-96 E(Good ground)156 657.6 Q 48(:2)36 G
-96(50)-48 G(.020)-96 E(Fresh water)156 669.6 Q 48(:8)36 G 96(00)-48 G
-(.010)-96 E(Marshy land)156 681.6 Q 48(:1)36 G 96(20)-48 G(.007)-96 E
-(Farmland, forest :)156 693.6 Q 90(15 0.005)48 F(Average ground)156
-705.6 Q 48(:1)18 G 96(50)-48 G(.005)-96 E(Mountain, sand)156 717.6 Q 48
-(:1)18 G 96(30)-48 G(.002)-96 E 72(City :)156 729.6 R 96(50)54 G(.001)
--96 E F0(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(2)
-195.95 E EP
-%%Page: 3 3
+o the current)3.028 F -.1(wo)108 573.6 S(rking directory).1 E 5(.")-.65
+G(splat.lrp" can then be edited by the user as needed.)-5 E -.8(Ty)108
+597.6 S(pical Earth dielectric constants and conducti).8 E(vity v)-.25 E
+(alues are as follo)-.25 E(ws:)-.25 E F4(Dielectric Constant)270 621.6 Q
+(Conductivity)12 E(Salt water)156 633.6 Q 48(:8)42 G 96(05)-48 G(.000)
+-96 E(Good ground)156 645.6 Q 48(:2)36 G 96(50)-48 G(.020)-96 E
+(Fresh water)156 657.6 Q 48(:8)36 G 96(00)-48 G(.010)-96 E(Marshy land)
+156 669.6 Q 48(:1)36 G 96(20)-48 G(.007)-96 E(Farmland, forest :)156
+681.6 Q 90(15 0.005)48 F(Average ground)156 693.6 Q 48(:1)18 G 96(50)-48
+G(.005)-96 E(Mountain, sand)156 705.6 Q 48(:1)18 G 96(30)-48 G(.002)-96
+E 72(City :)156 717.6 R 96(50)54 G(.001)-96 E(Poor ground)156 729.6 Q
+-18 54(:4 0)36 H(.001)-54 E F0(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F
+(December 2006)2.5 E(3)190.955 E EP
+%%Page: 4 4
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
-(Poor ground)156 84 Q -18 54(:4 0)36 H(.001)-54 E F0
-(Radio climate codes used by)108 108 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)2.5 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0(are as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1(1: Equatorial \(Congo\))
-156 132 Q(2: Continental Subtropical \(Sudan\))156 144 Q
-(3: Maritime Subtropical \(West coast of Africa\))156 156 Q
-(4: Desert \(Sahara\))156 168 Q(5: Continental Temperate)156 180 Q
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E
+(Radio climate codes used by)108 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)2.5 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0(are as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF
+(1: Equatorial \(Congo\))156 108 Q(2: Continental Subtropical \(Sudan\))
+156 120 Q(3: Maritime Subtropical \(West coast of Africa\))156 132 Q
+(4: Desert \(Sahara\))156 144 Q(5: Continental Temperate)156 156 Q
(6: Maritime Temperate, over land \(UK and west coasts of US & EU\))156
-192 Q(7: Maritime Temperate, over sea)156 204 Q F0 1.487
-(The Continental T)108 228 R 1.486(emperate climate is common to lar)-.7
+168 Q(7: Maritime Temperate, over sea)156 180 Q F0 1.487
+(The Continental T)108 204 R 1.486(emperate climate is common to lar)-.7
F 1.486(ge land masses in the temperate zone, such as the)-.18 F .756
-(United States.)108 240 R -.15(Fo)5.756 G 3.256(rp).15 G .756
+(United States.)108 216 R -.15(Fo)5.756 G 3.256(rp).15 G .756
(aths shorter than 100 km, there is little dif)-3.256 F .756
-(ference between Continental and Maritime)-.25 F -.7(Te)108 252 S
-(mperate climates.).7 E .379(The \214nal tw)108 276 R 2.879(op)-.1 G
+(ference between Continental and Maritime)-.25 F -.7(Te)108 228 S
+(mperate climates.).7 E .379(The \214nal tw)108 252 R 2.879(op)-.1 G
.379(arameters in the)-2.879 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.lrp)2.879 E F0
.379(\214le correspond to the statistical analysis pro)2.879 F .378
-(vided by the Longle)-.15 F(y-Rice)-.15 E 2.537(model. In)108 288 R .037
-(this e)2.537 F(xample,)-.15 E F2(SPLA)2.537 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .038(will r\
+(vided by the Longle)-.15 F(y-Rice)-.15 E 2.537(model. In)108 264 R .037
+(this e)2.537 F(xample,)-.15 E F1(SPLA)2.537 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .038(will r\
eturn the maximum path loss occurring 50% of the time \(fraction of)
-5.037 F .316(time\) in 50% of situations \(fraction of situations\).)108
-300 R .315(Use a fraction of time parameter of 0.97 for digital tele-)
-5.316 F(vision, 0.50 for analog in the United States.)108 312 Q
-(Isotropic antennas are assumed.)5 E -.15(Fo)108 336 S 3.03(rf).15 G .53
-(urther information on these parameters, see:)-3.03 F F3
-(http://elbert.its.bldr)3.03 E(doc.go)-.37 E(v/itm.html)-.1 E F0(and)
-3.03 E F3(http://www)3.03 E(.soft-)-.74 E(wright.com/faq/engineering/pr)
-108 348 Q(op_longle)-.45 E(y_rice)-.3 E(.html)-.15 E/F4 10.95
-/Times-Bold@0 SF(CITY LOCA)72 364.8 Q(TION FILES)-1.04 E F0 .807
-(The names and locations of cities, to)108 376.8 R .807
-(wer sites, or other points of interest may imported and be plotted on)
--.25 F .797(topographic maps generated by)108 388.8 R F2(SPLA)3.297 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A F2(SPLA)5.797 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .797
-(imports the names of cities and locations from ASCII)3.297 F .191
-(\214les containing the location')108 400.8 R 2.691(sn)-.55 G .191
-(ame, the location')-2.691 F 2.691(sl)-.55 G .191
-(atitude, and the location')-2.691 F 2.69(sl)-.55 G 2.69(ongitude. Each)
--2.69 F .19(\214eld is sepa-)2.69 F .513(rated by a comma.)108 412.8 R
-.513(Each record is separated by a single line feed character)5.513 F
-5.514(.A)-.55 G 3.014(sw)-5.514 G .514(as the case with the)-3.114 F F3
-(.qth)3.014 E F0 .259(\214les, latitude and longitude information may b\
-e entered in either decimal or de)108 424.8 R .258
-(gree, minute, second \(DMS\))-.15 F(format.)108 436.8 Q -.15(Fo)108
-460.8 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample \()-2.65 E F3(cities.dat)A F0(\):)A F1
-(Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506)156 484.8 Q
-(Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892)156 496.8 Q
-(Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908)156 508.8 Q
-(Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924)156 520.8 Q
-(Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580)156 532.8 Q
-(Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310)156 544.8 Q(Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665)
-156 556.8 Q F0 2.74(At)108 580.8 S .24(otal of \214v)-2.74 F 2.74(es)
--.15 G .24(eparate city data \214les may be imported at a time.)-2.74 F
-.241(There is no limit to the size of these \214les.)5.241 F F2(SPLA)108
-592.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.056(reads city data sequentially)3.556 F 3.556
-(,a)-.65 G 1.055
-(nd plots only those locations whose positions do not con\215ict with)
--3.556 F(pre)108 604.8 Q
-(viously plotted locations when generating topographic maps.)-.25 E .996
+5.037 F .346(time\) in 50% of situations \(fraction of situations\).)108
+276 R .346(In the United States, use a fraction of time parameter of)
+5.346 F(0.97 for digital tele)108 288 Q(vision \(8VSB modulation\), or \
+0.50 for analog \(VSB-AM+NTSC\) transmissions.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 312 S
+2.782(rf).15 G .282(urther information on these parameters, see:)-2.782
+F F3(http://\215attop.its.bldr)2.782 E(doc.go)-.37 E(v/itm.html)-.1 E F0
+(and)2.783 E F3(http://www)2.783 E(.soft-)-.74 E
+(wright.com/faq/engineering/pr)108 324 Q(op_longle)-.45 E(y_rice)-.3 E
+(.html)-.15 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(CITY LOCA)72 340.8 Q(TION FILES)
+-1.04 E F0 .807(The names and locations of cities, to)108 352.8 R .807
+(wer sites, or other points of interest may be imported and plotted on)
+-.25 F .797(topographic maps generated by)108 364.8 R F1(SPLA)3.297 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A F1(SPLA)5.797 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .797
+(imports the names of cities and locations from ASCII)3.297 F .111
+(\214les containing the location of interest')108 376.8 R 2.611(sn)-.55
+G .111(ame, latitude, and longitude.)-2.611 F .11
+(Each \214eld is separated by a comma.)5.111 F .949
+(Each record is separated by a single line feed character)108 388.8 R
+5.949(.A)-.55 G 3.449(sw)-5.949 G .949(as the case with the)-3.549 F F3
+(.qth)3.449 E F0 .949(\214les, latitude and)3.449 F
+(longitude information may be entered in either decimal or de)108 400.8
+Q(gree, minute, second \(DMS\) format.)-.15 E -.15(Fo)108 424.8 S 2.5
+(re).15 G(xample \()-2.65 E F3(cities.dat)A F0(\):)A F2
+(Teaneck, 40.891973, 74.014506)156 448.8 Q
+(Tenafly, 40.919212, 73.955892)156 460.8 Q
+(Teterboro, 40.859511, 74.058908)156 472.8 Q
+(Tinton Falls, 40.279966, 74.093924)156 484.8 Q
+(Toms River, 39.977777, 74.183580)156 496.8 Q
+(Totowa, 40.906160, 74.223310)156 508.8 Q(Trenton, 40.219922, 74.754665)
+156 520.8 Q F0 3.2(At)108 544.8 S .7(otal of \214v)-3.2 F 3.2(es)-.15 G
+.699(eparate city data \214les may be imported at a time, and there is \
+no limit to the size of these)-3.2 F(\214les.)108 556.8 Q F1(SPLA)6.369
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.369(reads city data on a "\214rst come/\214rst serv)
+3.869 F 1.37(ed" basis, and plots only those locations whose)-.15 F .113
+(annotations do not con\215ict with annotations of locations read earli\
+er in the current city data \214le, or in pre)108 568.8 R(vi-)-.25 E
+.539(ous \214les.)108 580.8 R .539(This beha)5.539 F .539
+(vior minimizes clutter in)-.2 F F1(SPLA)3.039 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .539
+(generated topographic maps, b)3.039 F .54(ut also mandates that)-.2 F
+.15(important locations be placed to)108 592.8 R -.1(wa)-.25 G .15
+(rd the be).1 F .149(ginning of the \214rst city data \214le, and locat\
+ions less important be)-.15 F(positioned further do)108 604.8 Q
+(wn the list or in subsequent data \214les.)-.25 E .996
(City data \214les may be generated manually using an)108 628.8 R 3.496
(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)-3.496 G 3.496(te).15 G(ditor)-3.496 E 3.496(,i)-.4 G
.997(mported from other sources, or deri)-3.496 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(d).15 E
1.535(from data a)108 640.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.535
-(ilable from the U.S. Census Bureau using the).25 F F2(citydecoder)4.035
-E F0 1.535(utility included with)4.035 F F2(SPLA)4.035 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)
+(ilable from the U.S. Census Bureau using the).25 F F1(citydecoder)4.035
+E F0 1.535(utility included with)4.035 F F1(SPLA)4.035 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)
A .152(Such data is a)108 652.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .153
(ilable free of char).25 F .153(ge via the Internet at:)-.18 F F3
(http://www)2.653 E(.census.go)-.74 E(v/g)-.1 E
-.383 E 2.738(YD)-.383 G -1.644 -1.04(AT A)-3.121 H(FILES)3.778 E F0
1.17(Cartographic boundary data may also be imported to plot the bounda\
ries of cities, counties, or states on)108 693.6 R .071
-(topographic maps generated by)108 705.6 R F2(SPLA)2.571 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+(topographic maps generated by)108 705.6 R F1(SPLA)2.571 E(T!)-.95 E F0
5.071(.S)C .071
(uch data must be of the form of ARC/INFO Ungenerate \(ASCII)-5.071 F
-.15(Fo)108 717.6 S 1.262
-.2 G 1.262(ilable from the U.S.).25 F 1.262(Census Bureau via the)6.262
F 48.573(Internet at:)108 729.6 R F3(http://www)51.073 E(.census.go)-.74
E(v/g)-.1 E(eo/www/cob/co2000.html#ascii)-.1 E F0(and)51.074 E
-(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(3)195.95 E
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+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(4)190.955
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10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)108 136.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.03(is in)3.53 F -.2
(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.53(dv).1 G 1.03
(ia the command-line using a series of switches and ar)-3.53 F 3.53
-(guments. Since)-.18 F F3(SPLA)3.53 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.03(is a)3.53 F .023
-(CPU and memory intensi)108 148.8 R .323 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .023
-(pplication, this type of interf).15 F .023(ace minimizes o)-.1 F -.15
-(ve)-.15 G .024(rhead, and also lends itself well).15 F .106
-(to scripted operations.)108 160.8 R F3(SPLA)5.106 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.206
--.55('s C)D .106
-(PU and memory scheduling priority may be adjusted through the use of)
-.55 F(the Unix)108 172.8 Q F3(nice)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .225
+(guments. Since)-.18 F F3(SPLA)3.53 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.03(is a)3.53 F .745
+(CPU and memory intensi)108 148.8 R 1.045 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .745
+(pplication, this type of interf).15 F .745(ace minimizes o)-.1 F -.15
+(ve)-.15 G .746(rhead and lends itself well to).15 F .422
+(scripted \(batch\) operations.)108 160.8 R F3(SPLA)5.422 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+1.522 -.55('s C)D .421
+(PU and memory scheduling priority may be modi\214ed through the).55 F
+(use of the Unix)108 172.8 Q F3(nice)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .225
(The number and type of switches passed to)108 196.8 R F3(SPLA)2.725 E
(T!)-.95 E F0 .226(determine its mode of operation and method of output)
2.725 F .008(data generation.)108 208.8 R .008(Nearly all of)5.008 F F3
(SPLA)2.508 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.108 -.55('s s)D .008
(witches may be cascaded in an).55 F 2.507(yo)-.15 G .007
-(rder on the command line when)-2.507 F(in)108 220.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(kin\
-g the program to include all the features described by those switches w\
-hen performing an analysis.).2 E F2(POINT)72 237.6 Q(-T)-1.007 E
-(O-POINT AN)-.197 E(AL)-.219 E(YSIS)-1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 249.6 Q(T!)-.95
+(rder on the command line when)-2.507 F(in)108 220.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G
+(king the program.).2 E F3(SPLA)108 244.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .69
+(operates in tw)3.19 F 3.19(od)-.1 G .69(istinct modes:)-3.19 F F1 .69
+(point-to-point mode)3.19 F F0 3.19(,a)C(nd)-3.19 E F1(ar)3.19 E .69
+(ea pr)-.37 F .69(ediction mode)-.37 F F0 5.69(.E)C .69
+(ither a line-of-)-5.69 F .335(sight \(LOS\) or Longle)108 256.8 R .335
+(y-Rice Irre)-.15 F .335(gular T)-.15 F .335(errain \(ITM\) propag)-.7 F
+.335(ation model may be in)-.05 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.834(db).1 G
+2.834(yt)-2.834 G .334(he user)-2.834 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G(rue)-5.684 E
+.625(Earth, four)108 268.8 R .625(-thirds Earth, or an)-.2 F 3.126(yo)
+-.15 G .626(ther user)-3.126 F .626
+(-de\214ned Earth radius may be speci\214ed when performing line-of-)-.2
+F(sight analysis.)108 280.8 Q F2(POINT)72 297.6 Q(-T)-1.007 E
+(O-POINT AN)-.197 E(AL)-.219 E(YSIS)-1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 309.6 Q(T!)-.95
E F0 1.224
-(may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analysis between tw)3.724
-F 3.725(os)-.1 G 1.225(peci\214ed site locations.)-3.725 F -.15(Fo)6.225
-G(r).15 E -.15(ex)108 261.6 S(ample:).15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
-(splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth)108 285.6 Q F0(in)108 309.6 Q -.2
-(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.833(sat).1 G 3.332
-(errain analysis between the transmitter speci\214ed in)-5.833 F F1
-(tx_site)5.832 E(.qth)-.15 E F0 3.332(and recei)5.832 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-5.832(rs).15 G 3.332(peci\214ed in)-5.832 F F1(rx_site)108 321.6 Q(.qth)
--.15 E F0 2.858(,a)C .358(nd writes a)-2.858 F F3(SPLA)2.858 E(T!)-.95 E
-F0 .359(Obstruction Report to the current w)2.858 F .359
-(orking directory)-.1 F 5.359(.T)-.65 G .359(he report contains)-5.359 F
-.767(details of the transmitter and recei)108 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.267(rs).15 G .767(ites, and identi\214es the location of an)-3.267 F
-3.266(yo)-.15 G .766(bstructions detected during)-3.266 F .627
-(the analysis.)108 345.6 R .628
-(If an obstruction can be cleared by raising the recei)5.627 F .928 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H .628(ntenna to a greater altitude,).15 F F3(SPLA)3.128 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0 .573(will indicate the minimum antenna height required fo\
-r a line-of-sight path to e)108 357.6 R .572
-(xist between the transmitter)-.15 F .201(and recei)108 369.6 R -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.701(rl).15 G .201(ocations speci\214ed.)-2.701 F .201(If the a\
-ntenna must be raised a signi\214cant amount, this determination may)
-5.201 F(tak)108 381.6 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ome time.)-2.5 E .694
-(are optional when in)108 405.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .694(king the program.).2
-F F3(SPLA)5.694 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .693(automatically reads all SPLA)3.194 F
-3.193(TD)-1.11 G .693(ata Files necessary to)-3.193 F .289
-(conduct the terrain analysis between the sites speci\214ed.)108 417.6 R
-.289(By def)5.289 F .29(ault, the location of SDF \214les is assumed to)
--.1 F .307(be in the current w)108 429.6 R .307(orking directory unless\
- a ".splat_path" \214le is present under the user')-.1 F 2.807(sh)-.55 G
-.307(ome directory)-2.807 F 5.307(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.307 E 1.087(this \214l\
-e is present, it must contain the full directory path to the location o\
-f all the SDF \214les required by)108 441.6 R F3(SPLA)108 453.6 Q(T!)
--.95 E F0 .738(to perform its analysis for the re)3.238 F .737
-(gion containing the transmitter and recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.237
-(rs).15 G .737(ites speci\214ed.)-3.237 F(The)5.737 E
-(path in this \214le must be of the form of a single line of ASCII te)
-108 465.6 Q(xt:)-.15 E F4(/opt/splat/sdf/)108 489.6 Q F0 .622
-(and may be generated with an)108 513.6 R 3.122(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)-3.122
-G 3.122(te).15 G(ditor)-3.122 E 5.622(.T)-.55 G .622(he def)-5.622 F
-.622(ault path speci\214ed in the)-.1 F F1($HOME/.splat_path)3.122 E F0
-.622(\214le may)3.122 F(be o)108 525.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rridden at an)
-.15 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(ime using the)-2.5 E F1(-d)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/)108 549.6 Q F0 3.023(Ag)108
-573.6 S .523(raph of the terrain pro\214le between the recei)-3.023 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.023(ra).15 G .523
+(may be used to perform line-of-sight terrain analysis between tw)3.725
+F 3.724(os)-.1 G 1.224(peci\214ed site locations.)-3.724 F -.15(Fo)6.224
+G(r).15 E -.15(ex)108 321.6 S(ample:).15 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth)108 345.6 Q F0(in)108 369.6 Q -.2
+(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.627(sal).1 G .128
+(ine-of-sight terrain analysis between the transmitter speci\214ed in)
+-2.627 F F1(tx_site)2.628 E(.qth)-.15 E F0 .128(and recei)2.628 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.628(rs).15 G(peci\214ed)-2.628 E(in)108 381.6 Q F1(rx_site)
+3.934 E(.qth)-.15 E F0 1.434(using a T)3.934 F 1.434
+(rue Earth radius model, and writes a)-.35 F F3(SPLA)3.934 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0 1.433(Obstruction Report to the current)3.934 F -.1(wo)108 393.6 S
+.548(rking directory).1 F 5.548(.T)-.65 G .549
+(he report contains details of the transmitter and recei)-5.548 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.049(rs).15 G .549(ites, and identi\214es the loca-)-3.049 F
+.017(tion of an)108 405.6 R 2.517(yo)-.15 G .017
+(bstructions detected along the line-of-sight path.)-2.517 F .016
+(If an obstruction can be cleared by raising the)5.016 F(recei)108 417.6
+Q .496 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .197(ntenna to a greater altitude,).15 F F3
+(SPLA)2.697 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .197
+(will indicate the minimum antenna height required for a line-)2.697 F
+1.655(of-sight path to e)108 429.6 R 1.654
+(xist between the transmitter and recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.154(rl)
+.15 G 1.654(ocations speci\214ed.)-4.154 F 1.654
+(Note that imperial units)6.654 F
+(\(miles, feet\) are speci\214ed unless the)108 441.6 Q F1(-metric)2.5 E
+F0(switch is added to)2.5 E F3(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.1 -.55('s c)D
+(ommand line options:).55 E F4
+(splat -t tx_site.qth -r rx_site.qth -metric)108 465.6 Q F0 .533(If the\
+ antenna must be raised a signi\214cant amount, this determination may \
+tak)108 489.6 R 3.034(eaf)-.1 G 1.034 -.25(ew m)-3.034 H 3.034
+(oments. Note).25 F(that)3.034 E .33(the results pro)108 501.6 R .33
+(vided are the)-.15 F F1(minimum)2.83 E F0 .33
+(necessary for a line-of-sight path to e)2.83 F .329
+(xist, and in the case of this sim-)-.15 F(ple e)108 513.6 Q
+(xample, do not tak)-.15 E 2.5(eF)-.1 G
+(resnel zone clearance requirements into consideration.)-2.5 E F1(qth)
+108 537.6 Q F0 -.15(ex)2.533 G .033(tensions are assumed by).15 F F3
+(SPLA)2.533 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .034
+(for QTH \214les, and are optional when specifying -t and -r ar)2.533 F
+(guments)-.18 E .533(on the command-line.)108 549.6 R F3(SPLA)5.532 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .532(automatically reads all SPLA)3.032 F 3.032(TD)-1.11 G
+.532(ata Files necessary to conduct the terrain)-3.032 F .911
+(analysis between the sites speci\214ed.)108 561.6 R F3(SPLA)5.911 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .912(searches for the required SDF \214les in the current w)
+5.911 F(orking)-.1 E .189(directory \214rst.)108 573.6 R .189
+(If the needed \214les are not found,)5.189 F F3(SPLA)2.688 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0 .188(then searches in the path speci\214ed by the)2.688 F F1(-d)2.688
+E F0(com-)2.688 E(mand-line switch:)108 585.6 Q F4
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -d /cdrom/sdf/)108 609.6 Q F0 .329(An e)108
+633.6 R .329(xternal directory path may be speci\214ed by placing a ".s\
+plat_path" \214le under the user')-.15 F 2.83(sh)-.55 G .33
+(ome directory)-2.83 F(.)-.65 E 3.045(This \214le must contain the full\
+ directory path of last resort to all the SDF \214les.)108 645.6 R 3.044
+(The path in the)8.044 F F1($HOME/.splat_path)108 657.6 Q F0
+(\214le must be of the form of a single line of ASCII te)2.5 E(xt:)-.15
+E F4(/opt/splat/sdf/)108 681.6 Q F0(and can be generated using an)108
+705.6 Q 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)-2.5 G 2.5(te).15 G(ditor)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E
+3.022(Ag)108 729.6 S .523
+(raph of the terrain pro\214le between the recei)-3.022 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.023(ra).15 G .523
(nd transmitter locations as a function of distance from)-3.023 F
-(the recei)108 585.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G
-(an be generated by adding the)-2.5 E F1(-p)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.gif)108 609.6 Q F3(SPLA)
-108 633.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0(in)4.119 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F3
-(gnuplot)4.119 E F0 1.619(when generating graphs.)4.119 F 1.619
-(The \214lename e)6.619 F 1.619(xtension speci\214ed to)-.15 F F3(SPLA)
-4.12 E(T!)-.95 E F0(deter)4.12 E(-)-.2 E .809
-(mines the format of the graph produced.)108 645.6 R F1(.gif)5.809 E F0
-.809(will produce a 640x480 color GIF graphic \214le, while)3.309 F F1
-(.ps)3.308 E F0(or)3.308 E F1(.postscript)108 657.6 Q F0 1.211
-(will produce postscript output.)3.711 F 1.212
-(Output in formats such as PNG, Adobe Illustrator)6.211 F 3.712(,A)-.4 G
-(utoCAD)-3.712 E 1.924(dxf, LaT)108 669.6 R 1.924(eX, and man)-.7 F
-4.424(yo)-.15 G 1.924(thers are a)-4.424 F -.25(va)-.2 G 4.424
-(ilable. Please).25 F(consult)4.424 E F3(gnuplot)4.424 E F0 4.424(,a)C
-(nd)-4.424 E F3(gnuplot)4.424 E F0 3.023 -.55('s d)D 1.923
-(ocumentation for).55 F(details on all the supported output formats.)108
-681.6 Q 3.542(Ag)108 705.6 S 1.042(raph of ele)-3.542 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-1.042(tions subtended by the terrain between the recei).25 F -.15(ve)
--.25 G 3.542(ra).15 G 1.043(nd transmitter as a function of dis-)-3.542
-F(tance from the recei)108 717.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G
-(an be generated by using the)-2.5 E F1(-e)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E
-(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(4)195.95 E
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+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(5)190.955
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.gif)108 84 Q F0 .425
-(The graph produced using this switch illustrates the ele)108 108 R -.25
-(va)-.25 G .424(tion and depression angles resulting from the ter).25 F
-(-)-.2 E .553(rain between the recei)108 120 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E
-3.053(sl)-.55 G .553
-(ocation and the transmitter site from the perspecti)-3.053 F .854 -.15
-(ve o)-.25 H 3.054(ft).15 G .554(he recei)-3.054 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15
-E 3.054(sl)-.55 G(ocation.)-3.054 E 3.781(As)108 132 S 1.281
-(econd trace is plotted between the left side of the graph \(recei)
--3.781 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E 3.78(sl)-.55 G 1.28
-(ocation\) and the location of the)-3.78 F .448
-(transmitting antenna on the right.)108 144 R .449
-(This trace illustrates the ele)5.448 F -.25(va)-.25 G .449
-(tion angle required for a line-of-sight path).25 F 1.074(to e)108 156 R
-1.074(xist between the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.574(ra).15 G 1.074
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E(the recei)108 84 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G(an be generated by adding the)-2.5 E/F1 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(-p)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -p terrain_profile.png)108 108 Q/F3 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)108 132 Q(T!)-.95 E F0(in)4.12 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1
+(ke).2 G(s).1 E F3(gnuplot)4.12 E F0 1.619(when generating graphs.)4.119
+F 1.619(The \214lename e)6.619 F 1.619(xtension speci\214ed to)-.15 F F3
+(SPLA)4.119 E(T!)-.95 E F0(deter)4.119 E(-)-.2 E .346
+(mines the format of the graph produced.)108 144 R F1(.png)5.346 E F0
+.346(will produce a 640x480 color PNG graphic \214le, while)2.846 F F1
+(.ps)2.847 E F0(or)2.847 E F1(.postscript)108 156 Q F0 .151
+(will produce postscript output.)2.651 F .151
+(Output in formats such as GIF)5.151 F 2.65(,A)-.8 G .15
+(dobe Illustrator)-2.65 F 2.65(,A)-.4 G .15(utoCAD dxf,)-2.65 F(LaT)108
+168 Q .159(eX, and man)-.7 F 2.659(yo)-.15 G .159(thers are a)-2.659 F
+-.25(va)-.2 G 2.659(ilable. Please).25 F(consult)2.659 E F3(gnuplot)
+2.659 E F0 2.659(,a)C(nd)-2.659 E F3(gnuplot)2.659 E F0 1.26 -.55('s d)D
+.16(ocumentation for details on).55 F(all the supported output formats.)
+108 180 Q 3.543(Ag)108 204 S 1.043(raph of ele)-3.543 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+1.042(tions subtended by the terrain between the recei).25 F -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 3.542(ra).15 G 1.042(nd transmitter as a function of dis-)-3.542
+F(tance from the recei)108 216 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rc).15 G
+(an be generated by using the)-2.5 E F1(-e)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F2
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -e elevation_profile.png)108 240 Q F0 .424
+(The graph produced using this switch illustrates the ele)108 264 R -.25
+(va)-.25 G .425(tion and depression angles resulting from the ter).25 F
+(-)-.2 E .554(rain between the recei)108 276 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E
+3.054(sl)-.55 G .553
+(ocation and the transmitter site from the perspecti)-3.054 F .853 -.15
+(ve o)-.25 H 3.053(ft).15 G .553(he recei)-3.053 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15
+E 3.053(sl)-.55 G(ocation.)-3.053 E 3.78(As)108 288 S 1.28
+(econd trace is plotted between the left side of the graph \(recei)-3.78
+F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r').15 E 3.781(sl)-.55 G 1.281
+(ocation\) and the location of the)-3.781 F .449
+(transmitting antenna on the right.)108 300 R .449
+(This trace illustrates the ele)5.449 F -.25(va)-.25 G .448
+(tion angle required for a line-of-sight path).25 F 1.073(to e)108 312 R
+1.073(xist between the recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.574(ra).15 G 1.074
(nd transmitter locations.)-3.574 F 1.074
-(If the trace intersects the ele)6.074 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.073
+(If the trace intersects the ele)6.074 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.074
(tion pro\214le at an).25 F(y)-.15 E 1.031(point on the graph, then thi\
-s is an indication that a line-of-sight path does not e)108 168 R 1.032
-(xist under the conditions)-.15 F(gi)108 180 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(n, and th\
+s is an indication that a line-of-sight path does not e)108 324 R 1.031
+(xist under the conditions)-.15 F(gi)108 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(n, and th\
e obstructions can be clearly identi\214ed on the graph at the point\(s\
-\) of intersection.).15 E 3.671(Ag)108 204 S 1.171(raph illustrating te\
-rrain height referenced to a line-of-sight path between the transmitter\
- and recei)-3.671 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(may be generated using the)
-108 216 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(-h)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F1
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.gif)108 240 Q F0
-(The Earth')108 264 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(urv)-2.5 E(ature is clearly e)-.25 E
-(vident when plotting height pro\214les.)-.25 E 2.5(Ag)108 288 S
-(raph sho)-2.5 E(wing Longle)-.25 E
-(y-Rice path loss may be plotted using the)-.15 E F2(-l)2.5 E F0
-(switch:)2.5 E F1(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.gif)
-108 312 Q F0 .886(When performing path loss pro\214les, a Longle)108 336
-R .886(y-Rice Model P)-.15 F .886(ath Loss Report is generated by)-.15 F
-/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)3.386 E(T!)-.95 E F0(in)3.386 E .755
-(the form of a te)108 348 R .754(xt \214le with a)-.15 F F2(.lr)3.254 E
-(o)-.45 E F0 .754(\214lename e)3.254 F 3.254(xtension. The)-.15 F .754
-(report contains bearings and distances between)3.254 F .535
-(the transmitter and recei)108 360 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.335 -.4(r, a).15 H
-3.035(sw).4 G .536(ell as the Longle)-3.035 F .536
-(y-Rice path loss for v)-.15 F .536(arious distances between the trans-)
--.25 F .096(mitter and recei)108 372 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.596(rl).15 G
-2.596(ocations. The)-2.596 F .096(mode of propag)2.596 F .095
-(ation for points along the path are gi)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(na)
-.15 G(s)-2.595 E F2(Line-of-Sight)2.595 E F0(,)A F2(Single Horizon)108
-384 Q F0(,)A F2(Double Horizon)2.5 E F0(,)A F2(Dif)2.5 E(fr)-.18 E
-(action Dominant)-.15 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F2 -1.85 -.55(Tr o)2.5 H
-(poscatter Dominant).55 E F0(.)A 2.36 -.8(To d)108 408 T .76(etermine t\
+\) of intersection.).15 E 3.67(Ag)108 360 S 1.171(raph illustrating ter\
+rain height referenced to a line-of-sight path between the transmitter \
+and recei)-3.67 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E(may be generated using the)108
+372 Q F1(-h)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F2
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -h height_profile.png)108 396 Q F0 3.245
+(At)108 420 S .745
+(errain height plot normalized to the transmitter and recei)-3.245 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.245(ra).15 G .745
+(ntenna heights can be obtained using the)-3.245 F F1(-H)108 432 Q F0
+(switch:)2.5 E F2
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -H normalized_height_profile.png)108 456 Q
+F0 2.5(Ac)108 480 S(ontour of the Earth')-2.5 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(urv)-2.5 E
+(ature is also plotted in this mode.)-.25 E .635(The \214rst Fresnel Zo\
+ne, and 60% of the \214rst Fresnel Zone can be added to height pro\214l\
+e graphs by adding)108 504 R(the)108 516 Q F1(-f)2.5 E F0
+(switch, and specifying a frequenc)2.5 E 2.5(y\()-.15 G
+(in MHz\) at which the Fresnel Zone should be modeled:)-2.5 E F2(splat \
+-t tx_site -r rx_site -f 439.250 -H normalized_height_profile.png)108
+540 Q F0 2.5(Ag)108 564 S(raph sho)-2.5 E(wing Longle)-.25 E
+(y-Rice path loss may be plotted using the)-.15 E F1(-l)2.5 E F0
+(switch:)2.5 E F2(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -l path_loss_profile.png)
+108 588 Q F0(As before, adding the)108 612 Q F1(-metric)2.5 E F0
+(switch forces the graphs to be plotted using metric units of measure.)
+2.5 E .886(When performing path loss pro\214les, a Longle)108 636 R .886
+(y-Rice Model P)-.15 F .886(ath Loss Report is generated by)-.15 F F3
+(SPLA)3.386 E(T!)-.95 E F0(in)3.386 E .754(the form of a te)108 648 R
+.754(xt \214le with a)-.15 F F1(.lr)3.254 E(o)-.45 E F0 .754
+(\214lename e)3.254 F 3.254(xtension. The)-.15 F .754
+(report contains bearings and distances between)3.254 F .536
+(the transmitter and recei)108 660 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.336 -.4(r, a).15 H
+3.036(sw).4 G .536(ell as the Longle)-3.036 F .536
+(y-Rice path loss for v)-.15 F .535(arious distances between the trans-)
+-.25 F .095(mitter and recei)108 672 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rl).15 G
+2.595(ocations. The)-2.595 F .095(mode of propag)2.595 F .096
+(ation for points along the path are gi)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.596(na)
+.15 G(s)-2.596 E F1(Line-of-Sight)2.596 E F0(,)A F1(Single Horizon)108
+684 Q F0(,)A F1(Double Horizon)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(Dif)2.5 E(fr)-.18 E
+(action Dominant)-.15 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1 -1.85 -.55(Tr o)2.5 H
+(poscatter Dominant).55 E F0(.)A 2.36 -.8(To d)108 708 T .76(etermine t\
he signal-to-noise \(SNR\) ratio at remote location where random Johnso\
-n \(thermal\) noise is).8 F(the primary limiting f)108 420 Q
-(actor in reception:)-.1 E F2(SNR)108.33 444 Q/F4 10/Symbol SF(=)3.07 E
-F2(T)2.71 E F4(-)3.47 E F2(NJ)2.9 E F4(-)3.17 E F2(L)2.78 E F4(+)2.73 E
-F2(G)2.18 E F4(-)2.7 E F2(NF)2.9 E F0(where)108 468 Q F3(T)3.077 E F0
-.577(is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW)3.077 F(,)-.92 E F3(NJ)3.076 E
-F0 .576(is Johnson Noise in dBW \(-136 dBW for a 6 MHz TV)3.076 F
-(channel\),)108 480 Q F3(L)2.513 E F0 .013(is the path loss pro)2.513 F
-.013(vided by)-.15 F F3(SPLA)2.513 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .014(in dB \(as a)
-2.513 F F2(positive)2.514 E F0(number\),)2.514 E F3(G)2.514 E F0 .014
-(is the recei)2.514 F .314 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .014(ntenna g).15 F(ain)-.05
-E(in dB o)108 492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(sotropic, and)-2.5 E F3
+n \(thermal\) noise is).8 F(the primary limiting f)108 720 Q
+(actor in reception:)-.1 E(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F
+(December 2006)2.5 E(6)190.955 E EP
+%%Page: 7 7
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0
+SF(SNR)108.33 84 Q/F2 10/Symbol SF(=)3.07 E F1(T)2.71 E F2(-)3.47 E F1
+(NJ)2.9 E F2(-)3.17 E F1(L)2.78 E F2(+)2.73 E F1(G)2.18 E F2(-)2.7 E F1
+(NF)2.9 E F0(where)108 108 Q/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(T)2.714 E F0 .215
+(is the ERP of the transmitter in dBW in the direction of the recei)
+2.714 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F3(NJ)3.115 E F0 .215
+(is Johnson Noise in dBW)2.715 F .725(\(-136 dBW for a 6 MHz tele)108
+120 R .725(vision channel\),)-.25 F F3(L)3.225 E F0 .725
+(is the path loss pro)3.225 F .725(vided by)-.15 F F3(SPLA)3.225 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .725(in dB \(as a)5.725 F F1(positive)3.225 E F0(number\),)108
+132 Q F3(G)2.5 E F0(is the recei)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(ntenna g).15
+E(ain in dB o)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(sotropic, and)-2.5 E F3
(NF)2.5 E F0(is the recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rn).15 G
-(oise \214gure in dB.)-2.5 E F3(T)108 516 Q F0(may be computed as follo)
-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2(T)107.91 540 Q F4(=)4.07 E F2(TI)2.71 E F4(+)3.21 E
-F2(GT)2.18 E F0(where)108 564 Q F3(TI)3.055 E F0 .555
+(oise \214gure in dB.)-2.5 E F3(T)108 156 Q F0(may be computed as follo)
+2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1(T)107.91 180 Q F2(=)4.07 E F1(TI)2.71 E F2(+)3.21 E
+F1(GT)2.18 E F0(where)108 204 Q F3(TI)3.055 E F0 .555
(is actual amount of RF po)3.055 F .555(wer deli)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.555(red to the transmitting antenna in dBW).15 F(,)-.92 E F3(GT)3.055 E
-F0 .555(is the transmit-)3.055 F .669(ting antenna g)108 576 R .669
-(ain \(o)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.169(ri).15 G .669
-(sotropic\) in the direction of the recei)-3.169 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.17
-(r\().15 G .67(or the horizon if the recei)-3.17 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.17
-(ri).15 G 3.17(so)-3.17 G -.15(ve)-3.32 G 3.17(rt).15 G(he)-3.17 E
-(horizon\).)108 588 Q 1.802 -.8(To c)108 612 T .202(ompute ho).8 F 2.702
-(wm)-.25 G .202(uch more signal is a)-2.702 F -.25(va)-.2 G .202
+F0 .555(is the transmit-)3.055 F .67(ting antenna g)108 216 R .67
+(ain \(o)-.05 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.17(ri).15 G .67
+(sotropic\) in the direction of the recei)-3.17 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.169
+(r\().15 G .669(or the horizon if the recei)-3.169 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.169(ri).15 G 3.169(so)-3.169 G -.15(ve)-3.319 G 3.169(rt).15 G(he)
+-3.169 E(horizon\).)108 228 Q 1.801 -.8(To c)108 252 T .201(ompute ho).8
+F 2.701(wm)-.25 G .202(uch more signal is a)-2.701 F -.25(va)-.2 G .202
(ilable o).25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.702(rt).15 G .202
-(he minimum to necessary to achie)-2.702 F .501 -.15(ve a s)-.25 H .201
-(peci\214c signal-).15 F(to-noise ratio:)108 624 Q F2(Signal)108.33 648
-Q F0(_).51 E F2(Margin).68 E F4(=)3.04 E F2(SNR)3.13 E F4(-)2.47 E F2(S)
-2.53 E F0(where)108 672 Q F3(S)2.5 E F0
-(is the minimum desired SNR ratio \(15.5 dB for A)2.5 E(TSC DTV)-1.11 E
-2.5(,4)-1.29 G 2.5(2d)-2.5 G 2.5(Bf)-2.5 G(or analog NTSC tele)-2.5 E
-(vision\).)-.25 E 2.61(At)108 696 S .11
-(opographic map may be generated by)-2.61 F F3(SPLA)2.611 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-.111(to visualize the path between the transmitter and recei)2.611 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .099(sites from yet another perspecti)108 708 R
--.15(ve)-.25 G 5.099(.T).15 G .099(opographic maps generated by)-5.899 F
-F3(SPLA)2.598 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .098(display ele)2.598 F -.25(va)-.25 G
-.098(tions using a log-).25 F .335(arithmic grayscale, with higher ele)
-108 720 R -.25(va)-.25 G .335
+(he minimum to necessary to achie)-2.702 F .502 -.15(ve a s)-.25 H .202
+(peci\214c signal-).15 F(to-noise ratio:)108 264 Q F1(Signal)108.33 288
+Q F0(_).51 E F1(Margin).68 E F2(=)3.04 E F1(SNR)3.13 E F2(-)2.47 E F1(S)
+2.53 E F0(where)108 312 Q F3(S)3.487 E F0 .987
+(is the minimum required SNR ratio \(15.5 dB for A)3.487 F .987
+(TSC \(8-VSB\) DTV)-1.11 F 3.486(,4)-1.29 G 3.486(2d)-3.486 G 3.486(Bf)
+-3.486 G .986(or analog NTSC)-3.486 F(tele)108 324 Q(vision\).)-.25 E
+2.61(At)108 348 S .11(opographic map may be generated by)-2.61 F F3
+(SPLA)2.611 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .111
+(to visualize the path between the transmitter and recei)2.611 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .099(sites from yet another perspecti)108 360 R -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 5.099(.T).15 G .099(opographic maps generated by)-5.899 F F3
+(SPLA)2.598 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .098(display ele)2.598 F -.25(va)-.25 G .098
+(tions using a log-).25 F .335(arithmic grayscale, with higher ele)108
+372 R -.25(va)-.25 G .335
(tions represented through brighter shades of gray).25 F 5.336(.T)-.65 G
-.336(he dynamic range)-5.336 F(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F
-(January 2004)2.5 E(5)195.95 E EP
-%%Page: 6 6
-%%BeginPageSetup
-BP
-%%EndPageSetup
-/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E .257
-(of the image is scaled between the highest and lo)108 84 R .257
+.336(he dynamic range)-5.336 F .257
+(of the image is scaled between the highest and lo)108 384 R .257
(west ele)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 G .257(tions present in the map.).25 F
-.257(The only e)5.257 F .257(xception to)-.15 F(this is sea-le)108 96 Q
--.15(ve)-.25 G(l, which is represented in blue.).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(SPLA)108 120 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.241
-(generated topographic maps are 24-bit T)3.74 F 1.241
-(rueColor Portable PixMap \(PPM\) images, and may be)-.35 F(vie)108 132
-Q 1.06(wed, edited, or con)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.06
-(rted to other graphic formats by popular image vie).15 F 1.06
-(wing applications such as)-.25 F F1(xv)3.56 E F0(,)A F1 1.66(The GIMP)
-108 144 R F0(,)A F1(ImageMagick)4.16 E F0 4.16(,a)C(nd)-4.16 E F1(XP)
-4.16 E(aint)-.1 E F0 6.66(.P)C 1.66
-(NG format is highly recommended for lossless compressed)-6.66 F .372
-(storage of)108 156 R F1(SPLA)2.872 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .372
-(generated topographic output \214les.)5.372 F .371(An e)5.372 F .371
-(xcellent command-line utility capable of con-)-.15 F -.15(ve)108 168 S
-(rting).15 E F1(SPLA)12.216 E(T!)-.95 E F0 9.717
-(PPM graphic \214les to PNG \214les is)12.217 F F1(wpng)12.217 E F0
-12.217(,a)C 9.717(nd is a)-12.217 F -.25(va)-.2 G 9.717(ilable at:).25 F
-/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(http://www)108 180 Q(.libpng)-.74 E(.or)-.15 E
-(g/pub/png/book/sour)-.37 E(ces.html)-.37 E F0 5.153(.A)C 2.653(sal)
--5.153 G .153(ast resort, PPM \214les may be compressed using the)-2.653
-F .661(bzip2 utility)108 192 R 3.161(,a)-.65 G .661(nd read directly by)
--3.161 F F1 .662(The GIMP)3.162 F F0 .662(in this format.)3.162 F -.8
-(To)5.662 G .662(pographic output is speci\214ed using the).8 F F2(-o)
-3.162 E F0(switch:)108 204 Q/F3 10/Courier@0 SF
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm)108 228 Q F0(The)108 252 Q
-F2(.ppm)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G
-(tension on the output \214lename is assumed by).15 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)
--.95 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd is optional.)-2.5 E .007(In this e)108 276 R
-(xample,)-.15 E F2(topo_map.ppm)2.507 E F0 .007
-(will illustrate the locations of the transmitter and recei)2.507 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.506(rs).15 G .006(ites speci\214ed.)-2.506 F(In)5.006 E .22
-(addition, the great circle path between the tw)108 288 R 2.72(os)-.1 G
+.257(The only e)5.257 F .257(xception to)-.15 F(this is sea-le)108 396 Q
+-.15(ve)-.25 G(l, which is represented using the color blue.).15 E -.8
+(To)108 420 S(pographic output is in).8 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5
+(du).1 G(sing the)-2.5 E F1(-o)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -o topo_map.ppm)108 444 Q F0(The)108 468 Q
+F1(.ppm)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G
+(tension on the output \214lename is assumed by).15 E F3(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd is optional.)-2.5 E .006(In this e)108 492 R
+(xample,)-.15 E F1(topo_map.ppm)2.506 E F0 .007
+(will illustrate the locations of the transmitter and recei)2.506 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 2.507(rs).15 G .007(ites speci\214ed.)-2.507 F(In)5.007 E .22
+(addition, the great circle path between the tw)108 504 R 2.72(os)-.1 G
.22(ites will be dra)-2.72 F .22(wn o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.72(rl).15
-G .22(ocations for which an unobstructed)-2.72 F 1.209(path e)108 300 R
+G .22(ocations for which an unobstructed)-2.72 F 1.208(path e)108 516 R
1.209(xists to the transmitter at a recei)-.15 F 1.209
(ving antenna height equal to that of the recei)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.709(rs).15 G 1.208(ite \(speci\214ed in)-3.709 F F2(rx_site)108 312 Q
+3.709(rs).15 G 1.209(ite \(speci\214ed in)-3.709 F F1(rx_site)108 528 Q
(.qth)-.15 E F0(\).)A .773(It may desirable to populate the topographic\
- map with names and locations of cities, to)108 336 R .773
-(wer sites, or other)-.25 F(important locations.)108 348 Q 2.5(Ac)5 G
-(ity \214le may be passed to)-2.5 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-(using the)2.5 E F2(-s)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F3
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map)108 372 Q F0
-(Up to \214v)108 396 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G
-(eparate city \214les may be passed to)-2.5 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
-(at a time follo)2.5 E(wing the)-.25 E F2(-s)2.5 E F0(switch.)2.5 E .555
+ map with names and locations of cities, to)108 552 R .773
+(wer sites, or other)-.25 F(important locations.)108 564 Q 2.5(Ac)5 G
+(ity \214le may be passed to)-2.5 E F3(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+(using the)2.5 E F1(-s)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -s cities.dat -o topo_map)108 588 Q F0
+(Up to \214v)108 612 Q 2.5(es)-.15 G
+(eparate city \214les may be passed to)-2.5 E F3(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+(at a time follo)2.5 E(wing the)-.25 E F1(-s)2.5 E F0(switch.)2.5 E .554
(County and state boundaries may be added to the map by specifying up t\
-o \214v)108 420 R 3.054(eU)-.15 G .554(.S. Census Bureau carto-)-3.054 F
-(graphic boundary \214les using the)108 432 Q F2(-b)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5
-E F3(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map)108 456 Q
-F0 1.063
+o \214v)108 636 R 3.055(eU)-.15 G .555(.S. Census Bureau carto-)-3.055 F
+(graphic boundary \214les using the)108 648 Q F1(-b)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5
+E F4(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -b co34_d00.dat -o topo_map)108 672 Q
+F0 1.064
(In situations where multiple transmitter sites are in use, as man)108
-480 R 3.563(ya)-.15 G 3.563(sf)-3.563 G 1.064
-(our site locations may be passed to)-3.563 F F1(SPLA)108 492 Q(T!)-.95
-E F0(at a time for analysis:)2.5 E F3
-(splat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p profile.gif)
-108 516 Q F0 .285(In this e)108 540 R .285(xample, four separate terrai\
-n pro\214les and obstruction reports will be generated by)-.15 F F1
-(SPLA)2.785 E(T!)-.95 E F0 5.285(.A)C(sin-)-2.5 E .508
-(gle topographic map can be speci\214ed using the)108 552 R F2(-o)3.009
-E F0 .509(switch, and line-of-sight paths between each transmitter)3.009
-F .817(and the recei)108 564 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.317(rs).15 G .816
-(ite indicated will be produced on the map, each in its o)-3.317 F .816
-(wn color)-.25 F 5.816(.T)-.55 G .816(he path between the)-5.816 F .766
-(\214rst transmitter speci\214ed to the recei)108 576 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
-3.266(rw).15 G .767
-(ill be in green, the path between the second transmitter and the)-3.266
-F(recei)108 588 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.464(rw).15 G .964(ill be in c)-3.464
-F .964(yan, the path between the third transmitter and the recei)-.15 F
--.15(ve)-.25 G 3.463(rw).15 G .963(ill be in violet, and the)-3.463 F
-(path between the fourth transmitter and the recei)108 600 Q -.15(ve)
--.25 G 2.5(rw).15 G(ill be in sienna.)-2.5 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF
-(DETERMINING REGION)72 616.8 Q(AL CO)-.219 E(VERA)-.548 E(GE)-.602 E F1
-(SPLA)108 628.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .098
-(can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or netw)2.598 F .098
-(ork of sites, and predict the re)-.1 F .099(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G .099(rage for).15 F .683(each site speci\214ed.)108 640.8 R .683
-(In this mode,)5.683 F F1(SPLA)3.183 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .682
-(can generate a topographic map displaying the geometric line-)3.183 F
-.031(of-sight co)108 652.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .031(rage area of the sites\
- based on the location of each site, and the height of recei).15 F .331
--.15(ve a)-.25 H .032(ntenna wish-).15 F .439
-(ing to communicate with the site in question.)108 664.8 R F1(SPLA)5.439
-E(T!)-.95 E F0 .438(switches from point-to-point analysis mode to area)
-2.939 F(prediction mode when the)108 676.8 Q F2(-c)2.5 E F0
-(switch is in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(da).1 G 2.5(sf)-2.5 G
-(ollo)-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F3
-(splat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o tx_coverage)
-108 700.8 Q F0 .269(In this e)108 724.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F1(SPLA)2.769 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0 .269(generates a topographic map called)2.769 F F2(tx_co)
-2.769 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)-.15 G(.ppm)-.05 E F0 .27
-(that illustrates the predicted)2.769 F(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62
-(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(6)195.95 E EP
-%%Page: 7 7
+696 R 3.563(ya)-.15 G 3.563(sf)-3.563 G 1.063
+(our site locations may be passed to)-3.563 F F3(SPLA)108 708 Q(T!)-.95
+E F0(at a time for analysis:)2.5 E(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)
+-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(7)190.955 E EP
+%%Page: 8 8
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E 1.535
-(line-of-sight re)108 84 R 1.535(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.535
-(rage of).15 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(tx_site)4.035 E F0 1.535
-(to recei)4.035 F 1.535(ving locations ha)-.25 F 1.534
-(ving antennas 30.0 feet abo)-.2 F 1.834 -.15(ve g)-.15 H(round).15 E
-(le)108 96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.507(l\().15 G -.4(AG)-2.507 G 2.507
-(L\). The).4 F .007(contents of)2.507 F F1(cities.dat)2.507 E F0 .008
-(are plotted on the map, as are the cartographic boundaries contained)
-2.507 F(in the \214le)108 108 Q F1(co34_d00.dat)2.5 E F0(.)A .572
-(When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of re)108 132 R .572
-(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(rage,).15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)
-3.072 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .572(by def)3.072 F .572(ault does not account for)
--.1 F .031(the ef)108 144 R .032(fects of atmospheric bending.)-.25 F
-(Ho)5.032 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .832 -.4(r, t).15 H .032(his beha)
-.4 F .032(vior may be modi\214ed by using the Earth radius mul-)-.2 F
-(tiplier \()108 156 Q F1(-m)A F0 2.5(\)s)C(witch:)-2.5 E/F3 10/Courier@0
-SF(splat -t wnjt -c 30.0 -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b counties.dat -o map.\
-ppm)108 180 Q F0 .428(An earth radius multiplier)108 204 R .428
-(of 1.333 instructs)5.428 F F2(SPLA)2.928 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .428
-(to use the "four)2.928 F .428(-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight)
--.2 F(propag)108 216 Q(ation analysis.)-.05 E(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t tx_site1 tx_site2 tx_site3 tx_site4 -r rx_site -p profile.png)
+108 84 Q F0 .285(In this e)108 108 R .285(xample, four separate terrain\
+ pro\214les and obstruction reports will be generated by)-.15 F/F2 10
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)2.785 E(T!)-.95 E F0 5.285(.A)C(sin-)-2.5 E .509
+(gle topographic map can be speci\214ed using the)108 120 R/F3 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(-o)3.009 E F0 .508
+(switch, and line-of-sight paths between each transmitter)3.009 F .816
+(and the recei)108 132 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.316(rs).15 G .816
+(ite indicated will be produced on the map, each in its o)-3.316 F .817
+(wn color)-.25 F 5.817(.T)-.55 G .817(he path between the)-5.817 F .767
+(\214rst transmitter speci\214ed to the recei)108 144 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
+3.267(rw).15 G .766
+(ill be in green, the path between the second transmitter and the)-3.267
+F(recei)108 156 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.463(rw).15 G .963(ill be in c)-3.463
+F .964(yan, the path between the third transmitter and the recei)-.15 F
+-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.464(rw).15 G .964(ill be in violet, and the)-3.464 F
+(path between the fourth transmitter and the recei)108 168 Q -.15(ve)
+-.25 G 2.5(rw).15 G(ill be in sienna.)-2.5 E F2(SPLA)108 192 Q(T!)-.95 E
+F0 .59(generated topographic maps are 24-bit T)3.09 F .59
+(rueColor Portable PixMap \(PPM\) images.)-.35 F(The)5.59 E 3.09(ym)-.15
+G .59(ay be)-3.09 F(vie)108 204 Q 1.06(wed, edited, or con)-.25 F -.15
+(ve)-.4 G 1.06(rted to other graphic formats by popular image vie).15 F
+1.06(wing applications such as)-.25 F F2(xv)3.56 E F0(,)A F2 1.66
+(The GIMP)108 216 R F0(,)A F2(ImageMagick)4.16 E F0 4.16(,a)C(nd)-4.16 E
+F2(XP)4.16 E(aint)-.1 E F0 6.66(.P)C 1.66
+(NG format is highly recommended for lossless compressed)-6.66 F .726
+(storage of)108 228 R F2(SPLA)3.226 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .726
+(generated topographic output \214les.)5.726 F F2(ImageMagick)5.726 E F0
+1.827 -.55('s c)D .727(ommand-line utility easily con-).55 F -.15(ve)108
+240 S(rts).15 E F2(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.1 -.55('s P)D
+(PM \214les to PNG format:).55 E F1(convert splat_map.ppm splat_map.png)
+108 264 Q F0 17.667(Another e)108 288 R 17.667
+(xcellent PPM to PNG command-line utility is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G
+17.666(ilable at:).25 F F3(http://www)108 300 Q(.libpng)-.74 E(.or)-.15
+E(g/pub/png/book/sour)-.37 E(ces.html)-.37 E F0 5.152(.A)C 2.652(sal)
+-5.152 G .153(ast resort, PPM \214les may be compressed using the)-2.652
+F(bzip2 utility)108 312 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd read directly by)-2.5 E F2
+(The GIMP)2.5 E F0(in this format.)2.5 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(REGION)72 328.8 Q(AL CO)-.219 E(VERA)-.548 E(GE AN)-.602 E(AL)-.219 E
+(YSIS)-1.007 E F2(SPLA)108 340.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .098
+(can analyze a transmitter or repeater site, or netw)2.599 F .098
+(ork of sites, and predict the re)-.1 F .098(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)
+-.15 G .098(rage for).15 F .682(each site speci\214ed.)108 352.8 R .682
+(In this mode,)5.682 F F2(SPLA)3.183 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .683
+(can generate a topographic map displaying the geometric line-)3.183 F
+.163(of-sight co)108 364.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .163(rage area of the sites\
+ based on the location of each site and the height of recei).15 F .462
+-.15(ve a)-.25 H .162(ntenna wish-).15 F .438
+(ing to communicate with the site in question.)108 376.8 R F2(SPLA)5.439
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 .439(switches from point-to-point analysis mode to area)
+2.939 F(prediction mode when the)108 388.8 Q F3(-c)2.5 E F0
+(switch is in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(da).1 G 2.5(sf)-2.5 G
+(ollo)-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
+(splat -t tx_site -c 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o tx_coverage)
+108 412.8 Q F0 .27(In this e)108 436.8 R(xample,)-.15 E F2(SPLA)2.77 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .269(generates a topographic map called)2.769 F F3(tx_co)
+2.769 E(ver)-.1 E -.1(age)-.15 G(.ppm)-.05 E F0 .269
+(that illustrates the predicted)2.769 F 1.534(line-of-sight re)108 448.8
+R 1.534(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.534(rage of).15 F F3(tx_site)
+4.034 E F0 1.535(to recei)4.034 F 1.535(ving locations ha)-.25 F 1.535
+(ving antennas 30.0 feet abo)-.2 F 1.835 -.15(ve g)-.15 H(round).15 E
+(le)108 460.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.162(l\().15 G -.4(AG)-3.162 G 3.162
+(L\). If).4 F(the)3.162 E F3(-metric)3.162 E F0 .662
+(switch is used, the ar)3.162 F .662(gument follo)-.18 F .662(wing the)
+-.25 F F3(-c)3.162 E F0 .661(switch is interpreted as being in)3.161 F
+.162(meters, rather than in feet.)108 472.8 R .163(The contents of)5.163
+F F3(cities.dat)2.663 E F0 .163
+(are plotted on the map, as are the cartographic bound-)2.663 F
+(aries contained in the \214le)108 484.8 Q F3(co34_d00.dat)2.5 E F0(.)A
+.572(When plotting line-of-sight paths and areas of re)108 508.8 R .572
+(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(rage,).15 E F2(SPLA)3.072 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0 .572(by def)3.072 F .572(ault does not account for)-.1 F .031(the ef)
+108 520.8 R .032(fects of atmospheric bending.)-.25 F(Ho)5.032 E(we)-.25
+E -.15(ve)-.25 G .832 -.4(r, t).15 H .032(his beha).4 F .032
+(vior may be modi\214ed by using the Earth radius mul-)-.2 F(tiplier \()
+108 532.8 Q F3(-m)A F0 2.5(\)s)C(witch:)-2.5 E F1(splat -t wnjt -c 30.0\
+ -m 1.333 -s cities.dat -b counties.dat -o map.ppm)108 556.8 Q F0 .595
+(An earth radius multiplier of 1.333 instructs)108 580.8 R F2(SPLA)3.095
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 .595(to use the "four)3.095 F .594
+(-thirds earth" model for line-of-sight)-.2 F(propag)108 592.8 Q
+(ation analysis.)-.05 E(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(ppropriate earth radius multiplier may be selected by the user)-2.5 E
-(.)-.55 E .201(When in)108 240 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.701(di).1 G
-2.701(na)-2.701 G .201(rea prediction mode,)-2.701 F F2(SPLA)2.701 E(T!)
--.95 E F0 .202(generates a site report for each station analyzed.)2.701
-F F2(SPLA)5.202 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .659
-(site reports contain details of the site')108 252 R 3.159(sg)-.55 G
+(.)-.55 E .201(When in)108 616.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.701(di).1
+G 2.701(na)-2.701 G .201(rea prediction mode,)-2.701 F F2(SPLA)2.701 E
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .202(generates a site report for each station analyzed.)
+2.701 F F2(SPLA)5.202 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .659
+(site reports contain details of the site')108 628.8 R 3.159(sg)-.55 G
.659(eographic location, its height abo)-3.159 F .959 -.15(ve m)-.15 H
.658(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .658(l, the antenna').15 F(s)-.55 E
-.612(height abo)108 264 R .912 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .612(ean sea le).15 F
+.612(height abo)108 640.8 R .912 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .612(ean sea le).15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .612(l, the antenna').15 F 3.112(sh)-.55 G .612
(eight abo)-3.112 F .912 -.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .613
(rage terrain, and the height of the a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .613
(rage ter).15 F(-)-.2 E(rain calculated in the directions of 0, 45, 90,\
- 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 de)108 276 Q(grees azimuth.)-.15 E .345
-(If the)108 300 R F1(-c)2.845 E F0 .345(switch is replaced by a)2.845 F
-F1(-L)2.844 E F0 .344(switch, a Longle)2.844 F .344
-(y-Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be gen-)-.15 F(erated:)
-108 312 Q F3(splat -t tx_site -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -o \
-path_loss_map)108 336 Q F0 .977(In this mode,)108 360 R F2(SPLA)3.477 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0 .977(generates a multi-color map illustrating e)3.477 F
-.977(xpected signal le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .978
-(ls \(path loss\) in areas).15 F .997(surrounding the transmitter site.)
-108 372 R 3.497(Al)5.997 G -.15(eg)-3.497 G .996
-(end at the bottom of the map correlates each color with a speci\214c)
-.15 F .163(path loss le)108 384 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.663(li).15 G 2.663
-(nd)-2.663 G 2.663(ecibels. Since)-2.663 F(Longle)2.663 E .163
-(y-Rice area prediction map generation is quite CPU intensi)-.15 F -.15
-(ve)-.25 G 2.664(,p).15 G(ro-)-2.664 E .014
-(vision for limiting the analysis range is pro)108 396 R .014
-(vided by the)-.15 F F1(-R)2.514 E F0 2.514(switch. The)2.514 F(ar)2.514
-E .013(gument must be gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.513(ni).15 G 2.513(nm)
--2.513 G 2.513(iles. If)-2.513 F 3.58(ar)108 408 S 1.08
-(ange wider than the generated topographic map is speci\214ed,)-3.58 F
-F2(SPLA)3.58 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.08(will perform Longle)3.58 F 1.08
-(y-Rice path)-.15 F
-(loss calculations between all four corners of the area prediction map.)
-108 420 Q/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(DETERMINING MUL)72 436.8 Q
-(TIPLE REGIONS OF CO)-1.007 E(VERA)-.548 E(GE)-.602 E F2(SPLA)108 448.8
-Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.087(can also display line-of-sight co)3.587 F -.15(ve)
--.15 G 1.086(rage areas for as man).15 F 3.586(ya)-.15 G 3.586(sf)-3.586
-G 1.086(our separate transmitter sites on a)-3.586 F
-(common topographic map.)108 460.8 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)
--2.65 E F3(splat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 30.0 -o network.ppm)108
-484.8 Q F0 .686(plots the re)108 508.8 R .687(gional line-of-sight co)
--.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .687
-(rage of site1, site2, site3, and site4 based on a recei).15 F .987 -.15
-(ve a)-.25 H .687(ntenna located).15 F .277(30.0 feet abo)108 520.8 R
-.577 -.15(ve g)-.15 H .277(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.776(l. A).15
-F .276(topographic map is then written to the \214le)2.776 F F1
-(network.ppm)2.776 E F0 5.276(.T)C .276(he line-of-sight)-5.276 F(co)108
-532.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G .2
-(rage area of the transmitters are plotted as follo).15 F .2
-(ws in the colors indicated \(along with their correspond-)-.25 F
-(ing RGB v)108 544.8 Q(alues in decimal\):)-.25 E F3
-(site1: Green \(0,255,0\))132 568.8 Q(site2: Cyan \(0,255,255\))132
-580.8 Q(site3: Medium Violet \(147,112,219\))132 592.8 Q
-(site4: Sienna 1 \(255,130,71\))132 604.8 Q
-(site1 + site2: Yellow \(255,255,0\))132 628.8 Q
-(site1 + site3: Pink \(255,192,203\))132 640.8 Q
-(site1 + site4: Green Yellow \(173,255,47\))132 652.8 Q
-(site2 + site3: Orange \(255,165,0\))132 664.8 Q
-(site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 \(193,255,193\))132 676.8 Q
-(site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise \(0,206,209\))132 688.8 Q
-(site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green \(0,100,0\))132 712.8 Q
-(site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond \(255,235,205\))132 724.8 Q F0
-(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(7)195.95 E
-EP
-%%Page: 8 8
+ 135, 180, 225, 270, and 315 de)108 652.8 Q(grees azimuth.)-.15 E F4
+(DETERMINING MUL)72 669.6 Q(TIPLE REGIONS OF LOS CO)-1.007 E(VERA)-.548
+E(GE)-.602 E F2(SPLA)108 681.6 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 1.087
+(can also display line-of-sight co)3.587 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.086
+(rage areas for as man).15 F 3.586(ya)-.15 G 3.586(sf)-3.586 G 1.086
+(our separate transmitter sites on a)-3.586 F(common topographic map.)
+108 693.6 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E F1
+(splat -t site1 site2 site3 site4 -c 10.0 -metric -o network.ppm)108
+717.6 Q F0(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E
+(8)190.955 E EP
+%%Page: 9 9
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
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/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF
-(site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green \(0,250,154\))132 84 Q
-(site2 + site3 + site4: Tan \(210,180,140\))132 96 Q
-(site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 \(238,201,0\))132 120 Q F0 .247
-(If separate)108 144 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(.qth)2.747 E F0 .247
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E .686(plots the re)
+108 84 R .687(gional line-of-sight co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .687
+(rage of site1, site2, site3, and site4 based on a recei).15 F .987 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .687(ntenna located).15 F .763(10.0 meters abo)108 96 R
+1.063 -.15(ve g)-.15 H .763(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.263(l. A).15
+F .762(topographic map is then written to the \214le)3.263 F/F1 10
+/Times-Italic@0 SF(network.ppm)3.262 E F0 5.762(.T)C .762(he line-of-)
+-5.762 F .302(sight co)108 108 R -.15(ve)-.15 G .302
+(rage area of the transmitters are plotted as follo).15 F .303
+(ws in the colors indicated \(along with their corre-)-.25 F
+(sponding RGB v)108 120 Q(alues in decimal\):)-.25 E/F2 10/Courier@0 SF
+(site1: Green \(0,255,0\))132 144 Q(site2: Cyan \(0,255,255\))132 156 Q
+(site3: Medium Violet \(147,112,219\))132 168 Q
+(site4: Sienna 1 \(255,130,71\))132 180 Q
+(site1 + site2: Yellow \(255,255,0\))132 204 Q
+(site1 + site3: Pink \(255,192,203\))132 216 Q
+(site1 + site4: Green Yellow \(173,255,47\))132 228 Q
+(site2 + site3: Orange \(255,165,0\))132 240 Q
+(site2 + site4: Dark Sea Green 1 \(193,255,193\))132 252 Q
+(site3 + site4: Dark Turquoise \(0,206,209\))132 264 Q
+(site1 + site2 + site3: Dark Green \(0,100,0\))132 288 Q
+(site1 + site2 + site4: Blanched Almond \(255,235,205\))132 300 Q
+(site1 + site3 + site4: Medium Spring Green \(0,250,154\))132 312 Q
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+(site1 + site2 + site3 + site4: Gold2 \(238,201,0\))132 348 Q F0 .247
+(If separate)108 372 R F1(.qth)2.747 E F0 .247
(\214les are generated, each representing a common site location b)2.747
F .247(ut a dif)-.2 F .246(ferent antenna height,)-.25 F 3.535(as)108
-156 S 1.035(ingle topographic map illustrating the re)-3.535 F 1.036
+384 S 1.035(ingle topographic map illustrating the re)-3.535 F 1.036
(gional co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.036(rage from as man).15 F 3.536(ya)
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-(single to)108 168 Q(wer may be generated by)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0
-SF(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.197(TO)72
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-196.8 R .519(gion without plotting co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -.2(r-).15 G
-1.006
-(age areas, line-of-sight paths, or generating obstruction reports.)108
-208.8 R 1.007(There are se)6.007 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.007(ral w).15 F
-1.007(ays of doing this.)-.1 F(If)6.007 E .814(one wishes to generate a\
+(single to)108 396 Q(wer may be generated by)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(LONGLEY)72 412.8
+Q(-RICE P)-1.007 E -1.04(AT)-.81 G 2.738(HL)1.04 G(OSS AN)-2.738 E(AL)
+-.219 E(YSIS)-1.007 E F0 .345(If the)108 424.8 R F1(-c)2.845 E F0 .345
+(switch is replaced by a)2.845 F F1(-L)2.844 E F0 .344(switch, a Longle)
+2.844 F .344(y-Rice path loss map for a transmitter site may be gen-)
+-.15 F(erated:)108 436.8 Q F2
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+108 460.8 Q F0 .977(In this mode,)108 484.8 R F3(SPLA)3.477 E(T!)-.95 E
+F0 .977(generates a multi-color map illustrating e)3.477 F .977
+(xpected signal le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .978(ls \(path loss\) in areas)
+.15 F .997(surrounding the transmitter site.)108 496.8 R 3.497(Al)5.997
+G -.15(eg)-3.497 G .996
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+.15 F(path loss range in decibels.)108 508.8 Q .63(The Longle)108 532.8
+R .63(y-Rice analysis range may be modi\214ed to a user)-.15 F .63
+(-speci\214c v)-.2 F .63(alue using the)-.25 F F1(-R)3.13 E F0 3.13
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+R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.023(ni).15 G 3.023(nm)-3.023 G .523
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+(four corners of the area prediction map.)108 568.8 Q(The)108 592.8 Q F1
+(-db)3.345 E F0 .845(switch allo)3.345 F .845
+(ws a constraint to be placed on the maximum path loss re)-.25 F .844
+(gion plotted on the map.)-.15 F(A)5.844 E .21(maximum path loss betwee\
+n 80 and 230 dB may be speci\214ed using this switch.)108 604.8 R -.15
+(Fo)5.21 G 2.71(re).15 G .21(xample, if a path loss)-2.86 F(be)108 616.8
+Q .396(yond -140 dB is irrele)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .395(nt to the surv)
+.25 F .695 -.15(ey b)-.15 H .395(eing conducted,).15 F F3(SPLA)2.895 E
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+(ath loss plot can be constrained to).55 F(the re)108 628.8 Q
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+E F2(splat -t wnjt -L 30.0 -s cities.dat -b co34_d00.dat -db 140 -o plo\
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+(automatically into)108 705.6 R F3(SPLA)3.088 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .588
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+(rage analysis is performed.).15 F .587(Antenna pattern data is)5.587 F
+.804(read from a pair of \214les ha)108 717.6 R .805
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+(ex)108 729.6 S .308(tensions for azimuth and ele).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G
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+(.S)-.65 G .307(peci\214cations re)-5.307 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .307
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+-.25 E .437(The remainder of the \214le consists of ele)108 396 R -.25
+(va)-.25 G .436(tion angles and their corresponding normalized v).25 F
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+-.15 F .131(As w)5.131 F .131(as the con)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .131
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+F .13(vation angles)-.15 F F0 .13(are used to)2.63 F(represent ele)108
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+-.25(va)-.25 G(tions).25 E F2(below the horizon)2.5 E F0(.)A -.15(Fo)108
+456 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the \214rst fe)-2.65 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ines a)
+-2.5 E F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(ele)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G
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+18(-8.0 0.157)150 540 R 18(-7.5 0.104)150 552 R 18(-7.0 0.029)150 564 R
+18(-6.5 0.109)150 576 R 18(-6.0 0.185)150 588 R F0 1.538(In this e)108
+612 R 1.538(xample, the antenna is mechanically tilted do)-.15 F(wnw)
+-.25 E 1.538(ard 1.1 de)-.1 F 1.538(grees to)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.538
+(rds an azimuth of 130.0).1 F(de)108 624 Q(grees.)-.15 E -.15(Fo)108 648
+S 3.447(rb).15 G .946(est results, the resolution of azimuth pattern da\
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+-.15 F 1.299(and ele)108 660 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.299(tion pattern data r\
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+.549(will interpolate the v)3.049 F .549(alues pro)-.25 F .549
+(vided to determine)-.15 F(the data at the required resolution, althoug\
+h this may result in a loss in accurac)108 684 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(10)
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+.254(ery time consuming process, especially if the anal-)-.15 F .936
+(ysis is repeated repeatedly to disco)108 108 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.436(rw)
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+-.15 F .722(gional path loss contour data to an output)-.15 F .776
+(\214le, modifying the path loss data e)108 156 R .775
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+3.253 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .753(for a recei)5.753 F 1.053 -.15(ve s)-.25 H
+.754(ite 30 feet abo).15 F 1.054 -.15(ve g)-.15 H(round).15 E(le)108 204
+Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.998(lo).15 G -.15(ve)-3.148 G 2.998(ra5).15 G 2.998
+(0m)-2.998 G .497(ile radius surrounding a transmitter site to a maximu\
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+-.25 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF
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+(escribe follo)-5.08 F 2.58(wed by latitudes \(de)-.25 F 2.58
+(grees North\), longitudes \(de)-.15 F 2.58(grees W)-.15 F(est\),)-.8 E
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+ obstruction\), and path loss \214gures \(dB\) for a series of speci\
+\214c points that).25 F .542(comprise the re)108 300 R .542
+(gion surrounding the transmitter site.)-.15 F .542(The \214rst fe)5.542
+F 3.042(wl)-.25 G .542(ines of a)-3.042 F F2(SPLA)3.042 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+.541(path loss output \214le)3.041 F(tak)108 312 Q 2.5(eo)-.1 G 2.5(nt)
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+(34.2270355, 118.0624390, 48.262, -26.212, 73.72)156 372 Q
+(34.2280197, 118.0611038, 48.269, -14.951, 79.74)156 384 Q
+(34.2285156, 118.0604401, 48.207, -11.351, 81.68)156 396 Q
+(34.2290077, 118.0597687, 48.240, -10.518, 83.26)156 408 Q
+(34.2294998, 118.0591049, 48.225, 23.201, 84.60)156 420 Q
+(34.2304878, 118.0577698, 48.213, 15.769, 137.84)156 432 Q
+(34.2309799, 118.0570984, 48.234, 15.965, 151.54)156 444 Q
+(34.2314720, 118.0564346, 48.224, 16.520, 149.45)156 456 Q
+(34.2319679, 118.0557632, 48.223, 15.588, 151.61)156 468 Q
+(34.2329521, 118.0544281, 48.230, 13.889, 135.45)156 480 Q
+(34.2334442, 118.0537643, 48.223, 11.693, 137.37)156 492 Q
+(34.2339401, 118.0530930, 48.222, 14.050, 126.32)156 504 Q
+(34.2344322, 118.0524292, 48.216, 16.274, 156.28)156 516 Q
+(34.2354164, 118.0510941, 48.222, 15.058, 152.65)156 528 Q
+(34.2359123, 118.0504227, 48.221, 16.215, 158.57)156 540 Q
+(34.2364044, 118.0497589, 48.216, 15.024, 157.30)156 552 Q
+(34.2368965, 118.0490875, 48.225, 17.184, 156.36)156 564 Q F0 .134
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+(ve t)-.15 H(he).15 E .94(horizon\), while positi)108 648 R 1.24 -.15
+(ve a)-.25 H .94(ngles refer to do).15 F(wnw)-.25 E .94(ard tilt \(belo)
+-.1 F 3.44(wt)-.25 G .94(he horizon\).)-3.44 F .94
+(These angles refer to the ele-)5.94 F -.25(va)108 660 S 1.075
+(tion to the recei).25 F 1.075(ving antenna at the height abo)-.25 F
+1.376 -.15(ve g)-.15 H 1.076(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.576(ls).15
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+4.85(su)-4.85 G 4.85(nobstructed. If)-4.85 F 2.35
+(the path between the transmitter and recei)4.85 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.85
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+2.762(no)-2.762 G .262(bstructed path as a deri)-2.762 F -.25(va)-.25 G
+(ti).25 E .561 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.761(ft).15 G(he)-2.761 E(ener)108 708
+Q .489(gy scattered from the top of the \214rst obstruction, only)-.18 F
+5.489(.S)-.65 G .489(ince ener)-5.489 F .489
+(gy cannot reach the obstructed loca-)-.18 F(tion directly)108 720 Q 2.5
+(,t)-.65 G(he actual ele)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G
+(tion angle to that point is irrele).25 E -.25(va)-.25 G(nt.).25 E
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+108 R .395(\(At this time, programs and scripts capable of performing t\
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+(Modi\214ed path loss maps can be imported back into)108 144 Q F1(SPLA)
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+-.15 G .007(rage or interference studies outside of).15 F F1(SPLA)2.507
+E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF
+(USER-DEFINED TERRAIN INPUT FILES)72 208.8 Q F0 3.542(Au)108 220.8 S
+(ser)-3.542 E 1.042(-de\214ned terrain \214le is a user)-.2 F 1.041
+(-generated te)-.2 F 1.041
+(xt \214le containing latitudes, longitudes, and heights abo)-.15 F -.15
+(ve)-.15 G 1.072(ground le)108 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.572(lo).15 G
+3.572(fs)-3.572 G 1.072(peci\214c terrain features belie)-3.572 F -.15
+(ve)-.25 G 3.572(dt).15 G 3.572(ob)-3.572 G 3.573(eo)-3.572 G 3.573(fi)
+-3.573 G 1.073(mportance to the)-3.573 F F1(SPLA)3.573 E(T!)-.95 E F0
+1.073(analysis being con-)3.573 F .602(ducted, b)108 244.8 R .601
+(ut noticeably absent from the SDF \214les being used.)-.2 F 3.101(Au)
+5.601 G(ser)-3.101 E .601(-de\214ned terrain \214le is imported into a)
+-.2 F F1(SPLA)108 256.8 Q(T!)-.95 E F0(analysis using the)2.5 E F2(-udt)
+2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -udt udt_file.txt -o map.ppm)114 280.8 Q F0
+2.5(Au)108 304.8 S(ser)-2.5 E(-de\214ned terrain \214le has the follo)
+-.2 E(wing appearance and structure:)-.25 E F3
+(40.32180556, 74.1325, 100.0 meters)150 328.8 Q
+(40.321805, 74.1315, 300.0)150 340.8 Q
+(40.3218055, 74.1305, 100.0 meters)150 352.8 Q F0 -.7(Te)108 376.8 S
+1.42(rrain height is interpreted as being described in feet abo).7 F
+1.72 -.15(ve g)-.15 H 1.42(round le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.92(lu).15 G
+1.42(nless follo)-3.92 F 1.42(wed by the w)-.25 F(ord)-.1 E F2(meter)108
+388.8 Q(s)-.1 E F0 3.329(,a)C .829(nd is added)-3.329 F F2 .829
+(on top of)3.329 F F0 .829
+(the terrain speci\214ed in the SDF data for the locations speci\214ed.)
+3.329 F .828(Be a)5.829 F -.1(wa)-.15 G(re).1 E 1.06(that each user)108
+400.8 R 1.061(-de\214ned terrain feature speci\214ed will be interprete\
+d as being 3-arc seconds in both latitude)-.2 F .282(and longitude.)108
+412.8 R .282(Features described in the user)5.282 F .281
+(-de\214ned terrain \214le that o)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .281(rlap pre).15
+F .281(viously de\214ned features in)-.25 F(the \214le are ignored by)
+108 424.8 Q F1(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A F4(SIMPLE T)72 441.6 Q
+(OPOGRAPHIC MAP GENERA)-.197 E(TION)-1.04 E F0 .034(In certain situatio\
+ns it may be desirable to generate a topographic map of a re)108 453.6 R
+.035(gion without plotting co)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(rage).15 E .97
+(areas, line-of-sight paths, or generating obstruction reports.)108
+465.6 R .969(There are se)5.969 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .969(ral w).15 F .969
+(ays of doing this.)-.1 F .969(If one)5.969 F .162(wishes to generate a\
topographic map illustrating the location of a transmitter and recei)
-108 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.314(rs).15 G .814(ite along)-3.314 F 1.175
-(with a brief te)108 232.8 R 1.176(xt report describing the locations a\
-nd distances between the sites, the)-.15 F F2(-n)3.676 E F0 1.176
-(switch should be)3.676 F(in)108 244.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5
-(da).1 G 2.5(sf)-2.5 G(ollo)-2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm)108 268.8 Q F0(If no te)
-108 292.8 Q(xt report is desired, then the)-.15 E F2(-N)2.5 E F0
-(switch is used:)2.5 E F1
-(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm)108 316.8 Q F0 .061
-(If the)108 340.8 R F2(-o)2.561 E F0 .061
-(switch and output \214lename are omitted when using either the)2.561 F
-F2(-n)2.56 E F0(or)2.56 E F2(-N)2.56 E F0 .06
-(switches, output is written to)2.56 F 2.5<618c>108 352.8 S(le named)
--2.5 E F2(map.ppm)2.5 E F0(in the current w)2.5 E
-(orking directory by def)-.1 E(ault.)-.1 E F4(DETERMIN)72 369.6 Q -1.04
-(AT)-.219 G(ION OF ANTENN)1.04 E 2.738(AH)-.219 G(EIGHT ABO)-2.738 E
-(VE A)-.548 E(VERA)-1.588 E(GE TERRAIN)-.602 E F3(SPLA)108 381.6 Q(T!)
+108 477.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(rs).15 G .162(ite along with a)-2.662 F
+.139(brief te)108 489.6 R .139(xt report describing the locations and d\
+istances between the sites, the)-.15 F F2(-n)2.639 E F0 .138
+(switch should be in)2.639 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.638(da).1 G(s)
+-2.638 E(follo)108 501.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -n -o topo_map.ppm)108 525.6 Q F0(If no te)
+108 549.6 Q(xt report is desired, then the)-.15 E F2(-N)2.5 E F0
+(switch is used:)2.5 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -r rx_site -N -o topo_map.ppm)108 573.6 Q F0 .994(If \
+a topographic map centered about a single site out to a minimum speci\
+\214ed radius is desired instead, a)108 597.6 R
+(command similar to the follo)108 609.6 Q(wing can be used:)-.25 E F3
+(splat -t tx_site -R 50.0 -s NJ_Cities -b NJ_Counties -o topo_map.ppm)
+108 633.6 Q F0(where -R speci\214es the minimum radius of the map in mi\
+les \(or kilometers if the)108 657.6 Q F2(-metric)2.5 E F0
+(switch is used\).)2.5 E .592(If the)108 681.6 R F2(-o)3.092 E F0 .592(\
+switch and output \214lename are omitted in these operations, topograph\
+ic output is written to a \214le)3.092 F(named)108 693.6 Q F2(map.ppm)
+2.5 E F0(in the current w)2.5 E(orking directory by def)-.1 E(ault.)-.1
+E(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(12)
+185.955 E EP
+%%Page: 13 13
+%%BeginPageSetup
+BP
+%%EndPageSetup
+/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E/F1 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(GEOREFERENCE FILE GENERA)72 84 Q(TION)-1.04 E F0 -.8
+(To)108 96 S .849(pographic, co).8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .849(rage \().15 F
+/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(-c)A F0 .849(\), and path loss contour \()B F2
+(-L)A F0 3.349(\)m)C .849(aps generated by)-3.349 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0
+SF(SPLA)3.35 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .85(may be imported into)3.35 F F3(Xastir)
+108 108 Q F0 .176(\(X Amateur Station T)2.676 F .175
+(racking and Information Reporting\) softw)-.35 F .175
+(are by generating a georeference \214le)-.1 F(using)108 120 Q F3(SPLA)
+2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0 -.55('s)C F2(-g)3.05 E(eo)-.1 E F0(switch:)2.5 E/F4
+10/Courier@0 SF
+(splat -t kd2bd -R 50.0 -s NJ_Cities -b NJ_Counties -geo -o map.ppm)108
+144 Q F0 1.515(The georeference \214le generated will ha)108 168 R 1.815
+-.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.516(he same base name as the).15 F F2(-o)4.016 E F0
+1.516(\214le speci\214ed, b)4.016 F 1.516(ut ha)-.2 F 1.816 -.15(ve a)
+-.2 H F2(.g)6.666 E(eo)-.1 E F0 -.15(ex)108 180 S
+(tension, and permit proper interpretation and display of).15 E F3(SPLA)
+2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0 1.1 -.55('s .)D(ppm graphics in).55 E F3(Xastir)2.5 E
+F0(softw)2.5 E(are.)-.1 E F1(GOOGLE MAP KML FILE GENERA)72 196.8 Q(TION)
+-1.04 E F0 -2.15 -.25(Ke y)108 208.8 T .775
+(hole Markup Language \214les compatible with).25 F F3 .774
+(Google Earth)3.274 F F0 .774(may be generated by)3.274 F F3(SPLA)3.274
+E(T!)-.95 E F0 .774(when per)3.274 F(-)-.2 E
+(forming point-to-point analyses by in)108 220.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G
+(king the).2 E F2(-kml)2.5 E F0(switch:)2.5 E F4
+(splat -t wnjt -r kd2bd -kml)108 244.8 Q F0 .429
+(The KML \214le generated will ha)108 268.8 R .729 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .43(\
+he same \214lename structure as an Obstruction Report for the transmitt\
+er).15 F(and recei)108 280.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ite names gi)
+-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(n, e).15 E(xcept it will carry a)-.15 E F2(.kml)5
+E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(tension.).15 E 1.619(Once loaded into)108 304.8 R F3
+1.619(Google Earth)4.119 F F0 1.618(\(File --> Open\), the KML \214le w\
+ill annotate the map display with the)4.118 F .567
+(names of the transmitter and recei)108 316.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.067(rs)
+.15 G .568(ite locations.)-3.067 F .568(The vie)5.568 F .568
+(wpoint of the image will be from the position)-.25 F 1.317
+(of the transmitter site looking to)108 328.8 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.317
+(rds the location of the recei).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.916 -.55(r. T).15 H
+1.316(he point-to-point path between the).55 F .792(sites will be displ\
+ayed as a white line while the RF line-of-sight path will be displayed \
+in green.)108 340.8 R F3(Google)5.792 E(Earth)108 352.8 Q F0 1.844 -.55
+('s n)D -.2(av).55 G(ig).2 E .744(ation tools allo)-.05 F 3.243(wt)-.25
+G .743(he user to "\215y" around the path, identify landmarks, roads, a\
+nd other fea-)-3.243 F(tured content.)108 364.8 Q F1(DETERMIN)72 381.6 Q
+-1.04(AT)-.219 G(ION OF ANTENN)1.04 E 2.738(AH)-.219 G(EIGHT ABO)-2.738
+E(VE A)-.548 E(VERA)-1.588 E(GE TERRAIN)-.602 E F3(SPLA)108 393.6 Q(T!)
-.95 E F0 .947(determines antenna height abo)3.447 F 1.248 -.15(ve a)
-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .948(rage terrain \(HAA).15 F .948
(T\) according to the procedure de\214ned by)-1.11 F .167
-(Federal Communications Commission P)108 393.6 R .167(art 73.313\(d\).)
+(Federal Communications Commission P)108 405.6 R .167(art 73.313\(d\).)
-.15 F .166(According to this de\214nition, terrain ele)5.166 F -.25(va)
-.25 G .166(tions along).25 F .794(eight radials between 2 and 10 miles\
\(3 and 16 kilometers\) from the site being analyzed are sampled and)
-108 405.6 R -2.25 -.2(av e)108 417.6 T .614(raged for each 45 de).2 F
+108 417.6 R -2.25 -.2(av e)108 429.6 T .614(raged for each 45 de).2 F
.613(grees of azimuth starting with T)-.15 F .613(rue North.)-.35 F .613
(If one or more radials lie entirely o)5.613 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E
--.1(wa)108 429.6 S(ter).1 E 2.911(,o)-.4 G 2.911(ro)-2.911 G -.15(ve)
--3.061 G 2.911(rl).15 G .411
+-.1(wa)108 441.6 S .534(ter or o).1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.034(rl).15 G .535
(and outside the United States \(areas for which no USGS topograph)
--2.911 F 2.911(yd)-.05 G .412(ata is a)-2.911 F -.25(va)-.2 G .412
-(ilable\), then).25 F .519
-(those radials are omitted from the calculation of a)108 441.6 R -.15
-(ve)-.2 G .519(rage terrain.).15 F .519(If part of a radial e)5.519 F
-.519(xtends o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.019(rab).15 G .518(ody of)-3.019 F
--.1(wa)108 453.6 S .012(ter or o).1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.512(rl).15 G .012
-(and outside the United States, then only that part of the radial lying\
- o)-2.512 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.513(rU).15 G .013(nited States land is)
--2.513 F(used in the determination of a)108 465.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G
-(rage terrain.).15 E .162
-(When performing point-to-point terrain analysis,)108 489.6 R F3(SPLA)
-2.662 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .162(determines the antenna height abo)2.662 F .461
--.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15(ve)-.05 G .161(rage ter).15 F(-)-.2 E .407(rain o\
-nly if enough topographic data has already been loaded by the program t\
-o perform the point-to-point)108 501.6 R 3.712(analysis. In)108 513.6 R
-1.211(most cases, this will be true, unless the site in question does n\
-ot lie within 10 miles of the)3.712 F(boundary of the topograph)108
-525.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.05 G(ata in memory)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E .491
-(When performing area prediction analysis, enough topograph)108 549.6 R
+-3.034 F 3.035(yd)-.05 G .535(ata is a)-3.035 F -.25(va)-.2 G .535
+(ilable\), then).25 F
+(those radials are omitted from the calculation of a)108 453.6 Q -.15
+(ve)-.2 G(rage terrain.).15 E .918(Note that SR)108 477.6 R .918(TM ele)
+-.6 F -.25(va)-.25 G .918(tion data, unlik).25 F 3.418(eo)-.1 G .917
+(lder 3-arc second USGS data, e)-3.418 F .917(xtends be)-.15 F .917
+(yond the borders of the)-.15 F .866(United States.)108 489.6 R .867
+(Therefore, HAA)5.866 F 3.367(Tr)-1.11 G .867
+(esults may not be in full compliance with FCC P)-3.367 F .867
+(art 73.313\(d\) in areas)-.15 F
+(along the borders of the United States if the SDF \214les used by)108
+501.6 Q F3(SPLA)2.5 E(T!)-.95 E F0(are SR)2.5 E(TM-deri)-.6 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(d.).15 E .162(When performing point-to-point terrain analysis,)
+108 525.6 R F3(SPLA)2.662 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .162
+(determines the antenna height abo)2.662 F .461 -.15(ve a)-.15 H -.15
+(ve)-.05 G .161(rage ter).15 F(-)-.2 E .407(rain only if enough topogra\
+phic data has already been loaded by the program to perform the point-t\
+o-point)108 537.6 R 3.712(analysis. In)108 549.6 R 1.211(most cases, th\
+is will be true, unless the site in question does not lie within 10 mil\
+es of the)3.712 F(boundary of the topograph)108 561.6 Q 2.5(yd)-.05 G
+(ata in memory)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E .491
+(When performing area prediction analysis, enough topograph)108 585.6 R
2.991(yd)-.05 G .492(ata is normally loaded by)-2.991 F F3(SPLA)2.992 E
-(T!)-.95 E F0 .492(to per)2.992 F(-)-.2 E .807(form a)108 561.6 R -.15
+(T!)-.95 E F0 .492(to per)2.992 F(-)-.2 E .807(form a)108 597.6 R -.15
(ve)-.2 G .807(rage terrain calculations.).15 F .807
(Under such conditions,)5.807 F F3(SPLA)3.307 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .807
(will pro)3.307 F .807(vide the antenna height abo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
--2.25 -.2(av e)108 573.6 T .203(rage terrain as well as the a).2 F -.15
+-2.25 -.2(av e)108 609.6 T .203(rage terrain as well as the a).2 F -.15
(ve)-.2 G .203(rage terrain abo).15 F .503 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .203
(ean sea le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.704(lf).15 G .204
(or azimuths of 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225,)-2.704 F .162(270, and 315 de)
-108 585.6 R .162
-(grees, and include such information in the site report generated.)-.15
-F .161(If one or more of the eight)5.161 F 1.259(radials surv)108 597.6
-R -.15(ey)-.15 G 1.259(ed f).15 F 1.259(all o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759
-(rw).15 G 1.259(ater or land outside the United States,)-3.859 F F3
-(SPLA)3.76 E(T!)-.95 E F0(reports)3.76 E F2 1.26(No T)3.76 F(err)-.92 E
-(ain)-.15 E F0 1.26(for those)3.76 F(radial paths.)108 609.6 Q F4
-(SETTING THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF AN AN)72 626.4 Q(AL)-.219 E(YSIS REGION)
--1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 638.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .971(reads SDF \214les into a\
- series of memory "slots" as required within the structure of the progr\
-am.)3.471 F .508(Each "slot" holds one SDF \214le.)108 650.4 R .508
-(Each SDF \214le represents a one de)5.508 F .508(gree by one de)-.15 F
-.508(gree re)-.15 F .508(gion of terrain.)-.15 F(A)5.508 E F2 1.237
-(#de\214ne MAXSLO)108 662.4 R(TS)-.4 E F0 1.237
-(statement in the \214rst se)3.737 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.237(ral lines of)
-.15 F F2(splat.cpp)3.737 E F0 1.236(sets the maximum number of "slots")
-3.737 F -.2(av)108 674.4 S 2.412(ailable for topograph)-.05 F 4.912(yd)
--.05 G 4.912(ata. It)-4.912 F 2.412
-(also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps generated by)4.912 F
-F3(SPLA)108 686.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 5.883(.M)C(AXSLO)-5.883 E .883
-(TS is set to 9 by def)-.4 F 3.383(ault. If)-.1 F F3(SPLA)3.382 E(T!)
--.95 E F0 .882(produces a se)3.382 F .882(gmentation f)-.15 F .882
-(ault on start-up with)-.1 F .78(this def)108 698.4 R .78(ault, it is a\
-n indication that not enough RAM and/or virtual memory \(sw)-.1 F .78
-(ap space\) are a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .78(ilable to).25 F(run)108 710.4
-Q F3(SPLA)3.119 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .618(with this number of MAXSLO)3.119 F
-3.118(TS. In)-.4 F .618(this case, MAXSLO)3.118 F .618
-(TS may be reduced to 4, although)-.4 F .617
-(this will greatly limit the maximum re)108 722.4 R(gion)-.15 E F3(SPLA)
-3.117 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .617(will be able to analyze.)3.117 F .617
-(If 118 me)5.617 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .618(bytes or more of).05 F
-(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(8)195.95 E
-EP
-%%Page: 9 9
+108 621.6 R .162
+(grees, and include such information in the generated site report.)-.15
+F .161(If one or more of the eight)5.161 F 1.004(radials surv)108 633.6
+R -.15(ey)-.15 G 1.004(ed f).15 F 1.004(all o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.504
+(rw).15 G(ater)-3.604 E 3.504(,o)-.4 G 3.504(ro)-3.504 G -.15(ve)-3.654
+G 3.504(rr).15 G -.15(eg)-3.504 G 1.004(ions for which no SDF data is a)
+.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable,).25 E F3(SPLA)3.504 E(T!)-.95 E F0(reports)
+3.505 E F2(No)3.505 E -.92(Te)108 645.6 S(rr).92 E(ain)-.15 E F0
+(for the radial paths af)2.5 E(fected.)-.25 E F1
+(RESTRICTING THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF AN AN)72 662.4 Q(AL)-.219 E
+(YSIS REGION)-1.007 E F3(SPLA)108 674.4 Q(T!)-.95 E F0 .269(reads SDF \
+\214les as needed into a series of memory pages or "slots" within the s\
+tructure of the pro-)2.77 F 2.774(gram. Each)108 686.4 R .274
+("slot" holds one SDF \214le representing a one de)2.774 F .275
+(gree by one de)-.15 F .275(gree re)-.15 F .275(gion of terrain.)-.15 F
+(A)5.275 E F2(#de\214ne)2.775 E(MAXSLO)108 698.4 Q(TS)-.4 E F0 .786
+(statement in the \214rst se)3.286 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .785(ral lines of)
+.15 F F2(splat.cpp)3.285 E F0 .785(sets the maximum number of "slots" a)
+3.285 F -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable).25 E .103(for holding topograph)108 710.4
+R 2.603(yd)-.05 G 2.603(ata. It)-2.603 F .104
+(also sets the maximum size of the topographic maps generated by)2.604 F
+F3(SPLA)2.604 E(T!)-.95 E F0(.)A(MAXSLO)108 722.4 Q .242
+(TS is set to 9 by def)-.4 F 2.742(ault. If)-.1 F F3(SPLA)2.742 E(T!)
+-.95 E F0 .242(produces a se)5.242 F .242(gmentation f)-.15 F .241
+(ault on start-up with this def)-.1 F(ault,)-.1 E(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q
+121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(13)185.955 E EP
+%%Page: 14 14
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(SPLA)72 48 Q 151.145(T!\(1\) KD2BD)-1.11 F
-(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E 1.004
-(total memory \(sw)108 84 R 1.003(ap space plus RAM\) is a)-.1 F -.25
-(va)-.2 G 1.003(ilable, then MAXSLO).25 F 1.003
-(TS may be increased to 16.)-.4 F 1.003(This will)6.003 F .081
-(permit operation o)108 96 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.581(ra4).15 G(-de)-2.581 E
-.081(gree by 4-de)-.15 F .081(gree re)-.15 F .081(gion, which is suf)
--.15 F .082(\214cient for single antenna heights in e)-.25 F(xcess)-.15
-E(of 10,000 feet abo)108 108 Q .3 -.15(ve m)-.15 H(ean sea le).15 E -.15
-(ve)-.25 G(l, or point-to-point distances of o).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5
-(r1).15 G(000 miles.)-2.5 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ADDITION)72 124.8 Q
-(AL INFORMA)-.219 E(TION)-1.04 E F0(In)108 136.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(king).2
-E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)2.811 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .311(without an)2.811
-F 2.811(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.811 G .311
-(uments will display all the command-line options a).18 F -.25(va)-.2 G
-.31(ilable with the pro-).25 F(gram along with a brief summary of each.)
-108 148.8 Q .332(The latest ne)108 172.8 R .332(ws and information re)
--.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(rding).05 E F2(SPLA)2.832 E(T!)-.95 E F0(softw)
-2.832 E .332(are is a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .332(ilable through the of).25
-F(\214cial)-.25 E F2(SPLA)2.833 E(T!)-.95 E F0(soft-)2.833 E -.1(wa)108
-184.8 S(re web page located at:).1 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(http://www)
-2.5 E(.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html)-.74 E F0(.)A F1(FILES)72 201.6 Q/F4 10
-/Courier@0 SF($HOME/.splat_path)108 213.6 Q F0(User)144 225.6 Q
-(-generated \214le containing the def)-.2 E
-(ault path to the directory containing the SDF data \214les.)-.1 E F4
-(splat.lrp)108 242.4 Q F0(Def)144 254.4 Q(ault Longle)-.1 E
-(y-Rice model parameters.)-.15 E F1 -.548(AU)72 271.2 S(THORS).548 E F0
-(John A. Magliacane, KD2BD <)108 283.2 Q F3(kd2bd@amsat.or)A(g)-.37 E F0
-(>)A(Creator)144 295.2 Q 2.5(,L)-.4 G(ead De)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
-(loper).15 E(Doug McDonald <)108 312 Q F3(mcdonald@scs.uiuc.edu)A F0(>)A
-(Longle)144 324 Q(y-Rice Model inte)-.15 E(gration)-.15 E(KD2BD Softw)72
-768 Q 126.62(are 20)-.1 F(January 2004)2.5 E(9)195.95 E EP
+(Softw)2.5 E 151.145(are SPLA)-.1 F(T!\(1\))-1.11 E .91
+(it is an indication that not enough RAM and/or virtual memory \(sw)108
+84 R .911(ap space\) is a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .911(ilable to run).25 F
+/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(SPLA)3.411 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .002
+(with the number of MAXSLO)108 96 R .002(TS speci\214ed.)-.4 F .001
+(In situations where a)5.002 F -.25(va)-.2 G .001(ilable memory is lo)
+.25 F 1.301 -.65(w, M)-.25 H(AXSLO).65 E .001(TS may)-.4 F .019(be redu\
+ced to 4 with the understanding that this will greatly limit the maximu\
+m re)108 108 R(gion)-.15 E F1(SPLA)2.519 E(T!)-.95 E F0 .019
+(will be able)2.519 F .624(to analyze.)108 120 R .624(If 118 me)5.624 F
+-.05(ga)-.15 G .624(bytes or more of total memory \(sw).05 F .623
+(ap space plus RAM\) is a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .623(ilable, then MAXS-)
+.25 F(LO)108 132 Q .102(TS may be increased to 16.)-.4 F .103
+(This will permit operation o)5.103 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.603(ra4).15 G
+(-de)-2.603 E .103(gree by 4-de)-.15 F .103(gree re)-.15 F .103
+(gion, which is suf-)-.15 F .426
+(\214cient for single antenna heights in e)108 144 R .426
+(xcess of 10,000 feet abo)-.15 F .725 -.15(ve m)-.15 H .425(ean sea le)
+.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(l, or point-to-point distances).15 F(of o)108
+156 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(r1).15 G(000 miles.)-2.5 E/F2 10.95
+/Times-Bold@0 SF(ADDITION)72 172.8 Q(AL INFORMA)-.219 E(TION)-1.04 E F0
+.332(The latest ne)108 184.8 R .332(ws and information re)-.25 F -.05
+(ga)-.15 G(rding).05 E F1(SPLA)2.832 E(T!)-.95 E F0(softw)2.832 E .332
+(are is a)-.1 F -.25(va)-.2 G .332(ilable through the of).25 F(\214cial)
+-.25 E F1(SPLA)2.833 E(T!)-.95 E F0(soft-)2.833 E -.1(wa)108 196.8 S
+(re web page located at:).1 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(http://www)2.5 E
+(.qsl.net/kd2bd/splat.html)-.74 E F0(.)A F2 -.548(AU)72 213.6 S(THORS)
+.548 E F0(John A. Magliacane, KD2BD <)108 225.6 Q F3(kd2bd@amsat.or)A(g)
+-.37 E F0(>)A(Creator)144 237.6 Q 2.5(,L)-.4 G(ead De)-2.5 E -.15(ve)
+-.25 G(loper).15 E(Doug McDonald <)108 254.4 Q F3(mcdonald@scs.uiuc.edu)
+A F0(>)A(Longle)144 266.4 Q(y-Rice Model inte)-.15 E(gration)-.15 E
+(Ron Bentle)108 283.2 Q 2.5(y<)-.15 G F3 -.45(ro)-2.5 G(nbentle).45 E
+(y@earthlink.net)-.3 E F0(>)A
+(Fresnel Zone plotting and clearance determination)144 295.2 Q
+(KD2BD Softw)72 768 Q 121.625(are 20)-.1 F(December 2006)2.5 E(14)
+185.955 E EP
%%Trailer
end
%%EOF
projects / debian / splat / blobdiff